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2018届高考英语（人教）大一轮复习领航课时规范训练：选修七 Unit 3 Under the sea Word版含答案
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这是一份2018届高考英语（人教）大一轮复习领航课时规范训练：选修七 Unit 3 Under the sea Word版含答案，共8页。试卷主要包含了5 hurs per day等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A
(2017·四川成都诊断)Frm sleeping standing up t shutting dwn half f their brain，animals have sme strange sleeping habits.
Nw sme f these unusual habits, frm napping giraffes t birds that sleep while flying, have been shwn in a chart. This chart shws that little brwn bats are very lethargic,_sleeping fr arund 19.5 hurs per day.
This lng perid f sleep is thught t be a way f cnserving energy and it means brwn bats nly hunt fr a few hurs each night when their insect fd is available.
In cntrast, giraffes can g weeks withut sleep because these large and slwmving animals are cnstantly easy t the attacks frm predatrs.
Hwever, ther animals are experts at multitasking and can swim r fly while sleeping. Fr example, dlphins and whales sleep while keeping half f their brain alert (警觉), s they dn't drwn, with dlphins typically napping fr arund 10 hurs a day.The methd is knwn as “lgging” and it has been bserved in bttlense dlphins, which keep half f their brain at a lw level f alertness. This allws the dlphin t keep enugh cnsciusness t carry n breathing thrugh its blwhle.
While sea tters aren't alert while they sleep, they frm rafts s they are nt separated frm each ther. The creatures smetimes hld hands r paws when they sleep and typically eat, sleep and rest while flating in grups f rafts.
1．The underlined wrd “lethargic” in Paragraph 2 is clsest in meaning t ________.
A．sleepy B．inactive
C．energetic D．mvable
2．Why d little brwn bats have a lng perid f sleep?
A．T avid sunshine.
B．T save mre energy.
C．T relax themselves.
D．T wait fr their insect fd.
3．Hw d dlphins avid drwning while sleeping?
A．By taking extra naps.
B．By hlding hands r paws.
C．By keeping half f their brain alert.
D．By breathing thrugh their blwhles.
4．What d sea tters d in rder nt t be separated frm each ther?
A．They dn't sleep.
B．They flat n rafts.
C．They flat in grups.
D．They hld hands all the time.
【语篇导读】 文章介绍了小棕蝠、长颈鹿、海豚、鲸和海獭等动物特殊的睡眠习惯。
1．解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据画线词后的sleeping fr arund 19.5 hurs per day可知，小棕蝠每天大部分时间都在睡觉，由此可推断lethargic在此表示“昏昏欲睡的”，与sleepy意义相近。inactive意为“不活动的；怠惰的”；energetic意为“精力充沛的”；mvable意为“活动的”。
2．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段前半句This lng perid f sleep is thught t be a way f cnserving energy ...可知，小棕蝠睡得多是因为要保存体力。故选B项。
3．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第五段第二句中dlphins and whales sleep while keeping half f their brain alert，s they dn't drwn ...可知，海豚睡觉时它的部分大脑会保持警觉状态。故选C项。
4．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章最后一句中． flating in grups f rafts可知选C项。B和D为强干扰项，但对比第六段的内容，可知这两项表达不准确。
B
Over decades f studying the ceans' fishes, sme species have been fund t have partial warmbldedness. But scientists say the mnfish circulates heated bld—and puts it t a cmpetitive advantage.
“Nature has a way f surprising us with clever strategies where yu least expect them，” accrding t NOAA Fisheries bilgist Nichlas Wegner，“It's hard t stay warm when yu're surrunded by cld water but the pah has figured it ut.”
The mnfish is nt a small animal; it's rughly the size f a car tire and ften weighs mre than 100 punds. In the past, it was ften viewed as a fairly cntent dweller f water that's hundreds f feet deep.
Nw researchers say the mnfish als uses internal warmth t help it mve quickly and efficiently—and kill prey such as squids and smaller fish. As the researchers describe, the fish relies n an internal heating system that seems t have been develped in frigid waters.
“Satellite tracking shwed pah spend mst f their time at depths f 150 t 1,300 feet, withut regularly surfacing. Their higher bdy temperature shuld increase their muscle utput and capacity, increase their eye and brain functin and help them resist the effects f cld n the heart and ther rgans, Wegner said.
“Fatty tissue surrunds the gills, heart and muscle tissue where the pah generates much f its internal heat, insulating them frm the frigid water.”Heat is generated frm the mnfish's large winglike pectral fins, which were previusly thught nly t help it swim fast enugh t catch prey.
The agency's researchers say they fund an unexpected design twist in the mnfish's gills that sets it apart frm ther fish: a cuntercurrent heat exchange in which bld vessels carrying warm bld are twined arund vessels that are bringing xygen—and cld temperatures—frm the gills. The design helps the pah maintain warmbldedness. “The fish had an average muscle temperature abut 5℃ abve the surrunding water while swimming abut 150 t 1,000 feet belw the surface，” NOAA says.
5．What Wegner said in Para. 2 suggests that ________.
A．mnfish have clever ways t keep warm
B．it is n surprise t feel cld in water
C．peple never thught mnfish warmblded
D．nature has its wn way t surprise humans
6．What d we knw abut the mnfish?
A．It has t return t the surface t keep warm.
B．It has a bdy shape f a car tire.
C．It is slw and lazy in pursuing its prey.
D．It can circulate heated bld thrughut its bdy.
7．Accrding t the text, being warmblded makes mnfish ________.
A．swim faster than its cldbdied prey
B．stay deep near its fd surce all the time
C．have the ability t stand the pressure n its rgans
D．react quicker t avid the sight f its prey
8．The last paragraph is mainly abut ________.
A．what rle f gills play fr mnfish
B．hw the mnfish can keep its bdy warm
C．where cld temperatures f mnfish g
D．why mnfish dn't lse heat t the envirnment
【语篇导读】 本文介绍了月亮鱼。
5．解析：选C。根据第二段可知，人们原先并没有想到月亮鱼会是恒温的热血鱼类。
6．解析：选D。结合第四段可知，月亮鱼有一种内在的热量系统。
7．解析：选A。根据第四段可知，这种热血的月亮鱼可以比它们的冷血猎物游得更快。
8．解析：选B。根据最后一段可知，这一段主要介绍了月亮鱼是怎样做到保持自己的体温的情况。
C
Are yu lking fr sme new and exciting places t take yur kids t? Try sme f these places：
●Visit art museums. They ffer a variety f activities t excite yur kids' interest. Many ffer wrkshps fr making handmade pieces, traveling exhibits, bk signings (签名) by children's favrite writers, and even musical perfrmances and ther arts.
●Head t a natural histry museum. This is where kids can discver the past frm dinsaur mdels t rck cllectins and pictures f stars in the sky. Als, ask what kind f wrkshps and educatinal prgrams are prepared fr kids and any special events that are cming up.
●G t a Yutheater. Lk fr ne in yur area ffering plays fr child and family visitrs. Preshw play shps are cnducted by area artists and educatrs where kids can discver the secret abut perfrming arts. Puppet (木偶)making and stage makeup are just a cuple f the special fferings yu might find.
●Try handsn_science. Visit ne f the many handsn science museums arund the cuntry. These science playlands are great fun fr kids and grwnups alike. They'll keep yur child mentally and physically active the whle day thrugh while pushing buttns, experimenting, and building. When everyne is tired, enjy a fun family science shw, cmmnly fund in these museums.
9．If a child is interested in the universe, he prbably will visit ________.
A．a Yutheater
B．an art museum
C．a natural histry museum
D．a handsn science museum
10．What can kids d at a Yutheater?
A．Lk at rck cllectins.
B．See dinsaur mdels.
C．Watch puppet making.
D．Give perfrmances.
11．What des “handsn science” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Science games designed by kids.
B．Learning science by ding things.
C．A shw f kids' science wrk.
D．Reading science bks.
12．Where des this text prbably cme frm?
A．A science textbk. B．A turist map.
C．A museum guide. D．A news reprt.
【语篇导读】 本文为说明文，题材为广告类。文章主要介绍了几家各具特色的博物馆，可以带给孩子们一些新的体验。
9．解析：选C。事实细节题。第三段中的“pictures f stars in the sky”与universe(宇宙)相对应。
10．解析：选C。事实细节题。根据第四段最后一句可知，在Yutheater，孩子们可以观看木偶的制作过程。
11．解析：选B。猜测词义题。根据最后一段中“They'll keep yur child mentally and physically active pushing buttns，experimenting，and building.”可知，这里指通过动手操作而学习的方式。
12．解析：选C。推理判断题。概括全文可知，本文主要介绍了带孩子去游览的几家各具特色的博物馆。
D
Ocean animals have been getting bigger ver the last half billin years. Nt a little bigger. Nt even a lt bigger.They have been mushrmed (迅速增长的) greatly，scientists nw cnclude.
Their new finding lends supprt fr smething knwn as “Cpe's rule”. It hlds that animals tend t evlve int species that are much larger than their distant ancestrs. This hypthesis takes its name frm the 19th century palentlgist Edward Drinker Cpe.While studying fssils (化石), he was the first t ntice this_trend.
Nel Heim is a palentlgist at Stanfrd University in Pal Alt, Calif. He is als a cauthr f the new study. His team cmpared the bdy size f animals between the Cambrian Perid and mdern times. This was a span f 542 millin years. The animals studied included mre than 17,000 species. They ranged frm ancient trilbites, plesisaurs and many less familiar creatures t tday's whales and clams (蛤蚌)．
Marine animals tday are an average f 150 times larger than they were during the Cambrian Perid，Heim's grup reprts. But there exist exceptins. The smallest animals alive tday—tiny crustaceans called stracds－are nly abut netenth the size f the Cambrian's tiniest animals. Tday's largest marine animals—whales—are mre than 100,000 times bigger than the biggest in the Cambrian Perid. The size gains in marine animals are much larger than what wuld be expected by chance, says Jnathan Payne. He's a cauthr wh als wrks at Stanfrd.
S what drives the trend? One pssibility is an arms race (武力竞争) between predatrs and prey. The idea here is that larger animals are less likely t becme sme ther animals' snacks. Anther pssibility has smething t d with xygen. Land animals evlved frm species that started in the cean. Sme f these land mammals and reptiles (爬行动物) eventually returned t the cean. And they kept the ability t breathe xygenrich air. That may have made it easier fr them t utgrw animals that had t filter their xygen ut f the water.
13．What des the underlined part “this trend” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Animals tend t evlve int different species.
B．Animals tend t grw strnger thrugh evlutin.
C．Animals tend t lk different frm their distant ancestrs.
D．Animals tend t grw bigger and bigger thrugh evlutin.
14．In rder t d the study, Nel Heim and his team studied ________.
A．abut 17,000 animals in ttal
B．uncmmn animals f mdern times
C．animals frm a span f 542 millin years
D．17,000 species frm the Cambrian Perid
15．Whales are mentined as an example t shw that ________.
A．there are exceptins thrugh evlutin
B．large marine animals tend t grw larger thrugh evlutin
C．the largest marine animals remain the largest thrugh evlutin
D．large marine animals can better live in the changing envirnment
16．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．Ocean animals evlve fllwing “Cpe's rule”．
B．Ocean animals came t land and then returned t cean.
C．Ocean animals evlved fast in the last half billin years.
D．Ocean animals mushrmed in size in the last half billin years.
【语篇导读】 研究发现，在过去五亿多年的进化过程中，海洋动物在进化过程中体积变大很多。
13．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第二段的“It hlds that animals tend t evlve int species that are much larger than their distant ancestrs.This hypthesis takes its name frm the 19th century palentlgist Edward Drinker Cpe.”可知，这个趋势是指动物在进化过程中会变得更大。
14．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的“His team cmpared the bdy size f animals between the Cambrian Perid and mdern times.This was a span f 542 millin years.”可知，他们研究了这个时间段之间的动物物种。
15．解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第四段的“Tday's largest marine animals—whales—are mre than 100,000 times bigger than the biggest in the Cambrian Perid.”可知，提到鲸鱼是为了说明大的海洋动物在进化过程中变得更大。
16．解析：选D。主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，主要是围绕海洋动物在过去五亿多年的进化过程中变得很大展开的。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2017·山东重点中学联考)Yu can take a selfie(自拍) with a handheld digital camera r mbile phne and later share it n the Internet.____1____Accrding t a recent survey, half f the interviewees admitted t taking a selfie while n hliday.Lve them r hate them, selfies shw n sign f stpping.
After all, the selfie is the mst imprtant way t shw ff n hliday.____2____Hw can yu take the best hliday selfies? Here are sme useful psing tips fr yu.
◆“Fd chew” style
Want t let everyne knw hw exciting yur hliday fd chices are? Hld up sme fd n yur frk r chpsticks.____3____But dn't have fd hanging ut f yur muth. Remember, fd always lks best befre being eaten.
◆“I'm s adventurus” style
Rck climbing, hiking, surfing, r skiing? These adventurus hliday mments are great fr a selfie.____4____One cmmnly used gesture is spreading ut an arm t shw hw thrilled yu are.But remember that n ne likes a sweaty selfie.
◆“I am cultured turist” style
5____Yu can als try an ptical illusin(视错觉) by making it lk like yu're hlding up the leaning twer f Pisa，tuching the tp f the Eiffel Twer, r picking the Sphinx's nse.
A．Sme peple have n idea hw t take selfies.
B．Just taking a selfie against a famus cultural site makes yu lk great.
C．Different cultures have different characteristics f fd.
D．Everyne has his wn way t take the hliday selfies.
E．Yu can als cut ff a piece t shw ff what's inside.
F．S selfies have been especially ppular ver the years.
G．Just let the natural settings(环境) make peple g “ww”．
【解题导语】 假日自拍照是炫耀度假时光的最好方式，但是如何拍出最好的假日自拍照呢？你将在文章中找到答案。
1．解析：选F。文章第一段第一句意为“你可以用手提数码相机或手机自拍并之后在网上分享照片”，F项“因此在过去的几年中自拍尤其流行”与之构成因果关系。下文举例说明了自拍很流行：在一次调查中，大部分被采访者承认度假时自拍。不管你喜不喜欢，自拍没有停止的迹象。故选F项。
2．解析：选D。自拍是假日炫耀的最好方式，每个人的自拍方式不尽相同，如何拍出最好的假日自拍照呢？根据分析可知选D项。
3．解析：选E。C、E两个选项与本段主题“‘Fd chew' style”相关。本段首句提出问题：想让别人知道你选择的假日食物很棒吗？后面的句子与其构成并列关系，回答首句提出的问题：用叉子或筷子举起食物，还可以切一片炫耀一下内部，但别挂在嘴边。故选E项。
4．解析：选G。G项中的关键词natural settings与上文提到的攀岩、远足、冲浪、滑雪相对应。故选G项。
5．解析：选B。本段主题为“‘I am cultured turist' style”，故选B项“以一个著名的文化景点为背景进行自拍会使你看上去很棒”。B项中的a famus cultural site呼应主题。
A
(2017·四川成都诊断)Frm sleeping standing up t shutting dwn half f their brain，animals have sme strange sleeping habits.
Nw sme f these unusual habits, frm napping giraffes t birds that sleep while flying, have been shwn in a chart. This chart shws that little brwn bats are very lethargic,_sleeping fr arund 19.5 hurs per day.
This lng perid f sleep is thught t be a way f cnserving energy and it means brwn bats nly hunt fr a few hurs each night when their insect fd is available.
In cntrast, giraffes can g weeks withut sleep because these large and slwmving animals are cnstantly easy t the attacks frm predatrs.
Hwever, ther animals are experts at multitasking and can swim r fly while sleeping. Fr example, dlphins and whales sleep while keeping half f their brain alert (警觉), s they dn't drwn, with dlphins typically napping fr arund 10 hurs a day.The methd is knwn as “lgging” and it has been bserved in bttlense dlphins, which keep half f their brain at a lw level f alertness. This allws the dlphin t keep enugh cnsciusness t carry n breathing thrugh its blwhle.
While sea tters aren't alert while they sleep, they frm rafts s they are nt separated frm each ther. The creatures smetimes hld hands r paws when they sleep and typically eat, sleep and rest while flating in grups f rafts.
1．The underlined wrd “lethargic” in Paragraph 2 is clsest in meaning t ________.
A．sleepy B．inactive
C．energetic D．mvable
2．Why d little brwn bats have a lng perid f sleep?
A．T avid sunshine.
B．T save mre energy.
C．T relax themselves.
D．T wait fr their insect fd.
3．Hw d dlphins avid drwning while sleeping?
A．By taking extra naps.
B．By hlding hands r paws.
C．By keeping half f their brain alert.
D．By breathing thrugh their blwhles.
4．What d sea tters d in rder nt t be separated frm each ther?
A．They dn't sleep.
B．They flat n rafts.
C．They flat in grups.
D．They hld hands all the time.
【语篇导读】 文章介绍了小棕蝠、长颈鹿、海豚、鲸和海獭等动物特殊的睡眠习惯。
1．解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据画线词后的sleeping fr arund 19.5 hurs per day可知，小棕蝠每天大部分时间都在睡觉，由此可推断lethargic在此表示“昏昏欲睡的”，与sleepy意义相近。inactive意为“不活动的；怠惰的”；energetic意为“精力充沛的”；mvable意为“活动的”。
2．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段前半句This lng perid f sleep is thught t be a way f cnserving energy ...可知，小棕蝠睡得多是因为要保存体力。故选B项。
3．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第五段第二句中dlphins and whales sleep while keeping half f their brain alert，s they dn't drwn ...可知，海豚睡觉时它的部分大脑会保持警觉状态。故选C项。
4．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章最后一句中． flating in grups f rafts可知选C项。B和D为强干扰项，但对比第六段的内容，可知这两项表达不准确。
B
Over decades f studying the ceans' fishes, sme species have been fund t have partial warmbldedness. But scientists say the mnfish circulates heated bld—and puts it t a cmpetitive advantage.
“Nature has a way f surprising us with clever strategies where yu least expect them，” accrding t NOAA Fisheries bilgist Nichlas Wegner，“It's hard t stay warm when yu're surrunded by cld water but the pah has figured it ut.”
The mnfish is nt a small animal; it's rughly the size f a car tire and ften weighs mre than 100 punds. In the past, it was ften viewed as a fairly cntent dweller f water that's hundreds f feet deep.
Nw researchers say the mnfish als uses internal warmth t help it mve quickly and efficiently—and kill prey such as squids and smaller fish. As the researchers describe, the fish relies n an internal heating system that seems t have been develped in frigid waters.
“Satellite tracking shwed pah spend mst f their time at depths f 150 t 1,300 feet, withut regularly surfacing. Their higher bdy temperature shuld increase their muscle utput and capacity, increase their eye and brain functin and help them resist the effects f cld n the heart and ther rgans, Wegner said.
“Fatty tissue surrunds the gills, heart and muscle tissue where the pah generates much f its internal heat, insulating them frm the frigid water.”Heat is generated frm the mnfish's large winglike pectral fins, which were previusly thught nly t help it swim fast enugh t catch prey.
The agency's researchers say they fund an unexpected design twist in the mnfish's gills that sets it apart frm ther fish: a cuntercurrent heat exchange in which bld vessels carrying warm bld are twined arund vessels that are bringing xygen—and cld temperatures—frm the gills. The design helps the pah maintain warmbldedness. “The fish had an average muscle temperature abut 5℃ abve the surrunding water while swimming abut 150 t 1,000 feet belw the surface，” NOAA says.
5．What Wegner said in Para. 2 suggests that ________.
A．mnfish have clever ways t keep warm
B．it is n surprise t feel cld in water
C．peple never thught mnfish warmblded
D．nature has its wn way t surprise humans
6．What d we knw abut the mnfish?
A．It has t return t the surface t keep warm.
B．It has a bdy shape f a car tire.
C．It is slw and lazy in pursuing its prey.
D．It can circulate heated bld thrughut its bdy.
7．Accrding t the text, being warmblded makes mnfish ________.
A．swim faster than its cldbdied prey
B．stay deep near its fd surce all the time
C．have the ability t stand the pressure n its rgans
D．react quicker t avid the sight f its prey
8．The last paragraph is mainly abut ________.
A．what rle f gills play fr mnfish
B．hw the mnfish can keep its bdy warm
C．where cld temperatures f mnfish g
D．why mnfish dn't lse heat t the envirnment
【语篇导读】 本文介绍了月亮鱼。
5．解析：选C。根据第二段可知，人们原先并没有想到月亮鱼会是恒温的热血鱼类。
6．解析：选D。结合第四段可知，月亮鱼有一种内在的热量系统。
7．解析：选A。根据第四段可知，这种热血的月亮鱼可以比它们的冷血猎物游得更快。
8．解析：选B。根据最后一段可知，这一段主要介绍了月亮鱼是怎样做到保持自己的体温的情况。
C
Are yu lking fr sme new and exciting places t take yur kids t? Try sme f these places：
●Visit art museums. They ffer a variety f activities t excite yur kids' interest. Many ffer wrkshps fr making handmade pieces, traveling exhibits, bk signings (签名) by children's favrite writers, and even musical perfrmances and ther arts.
●Head t a natural histry museum. This is where kids can discver the past frm dinsaur mdels t rck cllectins and pictures f stars in the sky. Als, ask what kind f wrkshps and educatinal prgrams are prepared fr kids and any special events that are cming up.
●G t a Yutheater. Lk fr ne in yur area ffering plays fr child and family visitrs. Preshw play shps are cnducted by area artists and educatrs where kids can discver the secret abut perfrming arts. Puppet (木偶)making and stage makeup are just a cuple f the special fferings yu might find.
●Try handsn_science. Visit ne f the many handsn science museums arund the cuntry. These science playlands are great fun fr kids and grwnups alike. They'll keep yur child mentally and physically active the whle day thrugh while pushing buttns, experimenting, and building. When everyne is tired, enjy a fun family science shw, cmmnly fund in these museums.
9．If a child is interested in the universe, he prbably will visit ________.
A．a Yutheater
B．an art museum
C．a natural histry museum
D．a handsn science museum
10．What can kids d at a Yutheater?
A．Lk at rck cllectins.
B．See dinsaur mdels.
C．Watch puppet making.
D．Give perfrmances.
11．What des “handsn science” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Science games designed by kids.
B．Learning science by ding things.
C．A shw f kids' science wrk.
D．Reading science bks.
12．Where des this text prbably cme frm?
A．A science textbk. B．A turist map.
C．A museum guide. D．A news reprt.
【语篇导读】 本文为说明文，题材为广告类。文章主要介绍了几家各具特色的博物馆，可以带给孩子们一些新的体验。
9．解析：选C。事实细节题。第三段中的“pictures f stars in the sky”与universe(宇宙)相对应。
10．解析：选C。事实细节题。根据第四段最后一句可知，在Yutheater，孩子们可以观看木偶的制作过程。
11．解析：选B。猜测词义题。根据最后一段中“They'll keep yur child mentally and physically active pushing buttns，experimenting，and building.”可知，这里指通过动手操作而学习的方式。
12．解析：选C。推理判断题。概括全文可知，本文主要介绍了带孩子去游览的几家各具特色的博物馆。
D
Ocean animals have been getting bigger ver the last half billin years. Nt a little bigger. Nt even a lt bigger.They have been mushrmed (迅速增长的) greatly，scientists nw cnclude.
Their new finding lends supprt fr smething knwn as “Cpe's rule”. It hlds that animals tend t evlve int species that are much larger than their distant ancestrs. This hypthesis takes its name frm the 19th century palentlgist Edward Drinker Cpe.While studying fssils (化石), he was the first t ntice this_trend.
Nel Heim is a palentlgist at Stanfrd University in Pal Alt, Calif. He is als a cauthr f the new study. His team cmpared the bdy size f animals between the Cambrian Perid and mdern times. This was a span f 542 millin years. The animals studied included mre than 17,000 species. They ranged frm ancient trilbites, plesisaurs and many less familiar creatures t tday's whales and clams (蛤蚌)．
Marine animals tday are an average f 150 times larger than they were during the Cambrian Perid，Heim's grup reprts. But there exist exceptins. The smallest animals alive tday—tiny crustaceans called stracds－are nly abut netenth the size f the Cambrian's tiniest animals. Tday's largest marine animals—whales—are mre than 100,000 times bigger than the biggest in the Cambrian Perid. The size gains in marine animals are much larger than what wuld be expected by chance, says Jnathan Payne. He's a cauthr wh als wrks at Stanfrd.
S what drives the trend? One pssibility is an arms race (武力竞争) between predatrs and prey. The idea here is that larger animals are less likely t becme sme ther animals' snacks. Anther pssibility has smething t d with xygen. Land animals evlved frm species that started in the cean. Sme f these land mammals and reptiles (爬行动物) eventually returned t the cean. And they kept the ability t breathe xygenrich air. That may have made it easier fr them t utgrw animals that had t filter their xygen ut f the water.
13．What des the underlined part “this trend” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Animals tend t evlve int different species.
B．Animals tend t grw strnger thrugh evlutin.
C．Animals tend t lk different frm their distant ancestrs.
D．Animals tend t grw bigger and bigger thrugh evlutin.
14．In rder t d the study, Nel Heim and his team studied ________.
A．abut 17,000 animals in ttal
B．uncmmn animals f mdern times
C．animals frm a span f 542 millin years
D．17,000 species frm the Cambrian Perid
15．Whales are mentined as an example t shw that ________.
A．there are exceptins thrugh evlutin
B．large marine animals tend t grw larger thrugh evlutin
C．the largest marine animals remain the largest thrugh evlutin
D．large marine animals can better live in the changing envirnment
16．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．Ocean animals evlve fllwing “Cpe's rule”．
B．Ocean animals came t land and then returned t cean.
C．Ocean animals evlved fast in the last half billin years.
D．Ocean animals mushrmed in size in the last half billin years.
【语篇导读】 研究发现，在过去五亿多年的进化过程中，海洋动物在进化过程中体积变大很多。
13．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第二段的“It hlds that animals tend t evlve int species that are much larger than their distant ancestrs.This hypthesis takes its name frm the 19th century palentlgist Edward Drinker Cpe.”可知，这个趋势是指动物在进化过程中会变得更大。
14．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的“His team cmpared the bdy size f animals between the Cambrian Perid and mdern times.This was a span f 542 millin years.”可知，他们研究了这个时间段之间的动物物种。
15．解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第四段的“Tday's largest marine animals—whales—are mre than 100,000 times bigger than the biggest in the Cambrian Perid.”可知，提到鲸鱼是为了说明大的海洋动物在进化过程中变得更大。
16．解析：选D。主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，主要是围绕海洋动物在过去五亿多年的进化过程中变得很大展开的。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2017·山东重点中学联考)Yu can take a selfie(自拍) with a handheld digital camera r mbile phne and later share it n the Internet.____1____Accrding t a recent survey, half f the interviewees admitted t taking a selfie while n hliday.Lve them r hate them, selfies shw n sign f stpping.
After all, the selfie is the mst imprtant way t shw ff n hliday.____2____Hw can yu take the best hliday selfies? Here are sme useful psing tips fr yu.
◆“Fd chew” style
Want t let everyne knw hw exciting yur hliday fd chices are? Hld up sme fd n yur frk r chpsticks.____3____But dn't have fd hanging ut f yur muth. Remember, fd always lks best befre being eaten.
◆“I'm s adventurus” style
Rck climbing, hiking, surfing, r skiing? These adventurus hliday mments are great fr a selfie.____4____One cmmnly used gesture is spreading ut an arm t shw hw thrilled yu are.But remember that n ne likes a sweaty selfie.
◆“I am cultured turist” style
5____Yu can als try an ptical illusin(视错觉) by making it lk like yu're hlding up the leaning twer f Pisa，tuching the tp f the Eiffel Twer, r picking the Sphinx's nse.
A．Sme peple have n idea hw t take selfies.
B．Just taking a selfie against a famus cultural site makes yu lk great.
C．Different cultures have different characteristics f fd.
D．Everyne has his wn way t take the hliday selfies.
E．Yu can als cut ff a piece t shw ff what's inside.
F．S selfies have been especially ppular ver the years.
G．Just let the natural settings(环境) make peple g “ww”．
【解题导语】 假日自拍照是炫耀度假时光的最好方式，但是如何拍出最好的假日自拍照呢？你将在文章中找到答案。
1．解析：选F。文章第一段第一句意为“你可以用手提数码相机或手机自拍并之后在网上分享照片”，F项“因此在过去的几年中自拍尤其流行”与之构成因果关系。下文举例说明了自拍很流行：在一次调查中，大部分被采访者承认度假时自拍。不管你喜不喜欢，自拍没有停止的迹象。故选F项。
2．解析：选D。自拍是假日炫耀的最好方式，每个人的自拍方式不尽相同，如何拍出最好的假日自拍照呢？根据分析可知选D项。
3．解析：选E。C、E两个选项与本段主题“‘Fd chew' style”相关。本段首句提出问题：想让别人知道你选择的假日食物很棒吗？后面的句子与其构成并列关系，回答首句提出的问题：用叉子或筷子举起食物，还可以切一片炫耀一下内部，但别挂在嘴边。故选E项。
4．解析：选G。G项中的关键词natural settings与上文提到的攀岩、远足、冲浪、滑雪相对应。故选G项。
5．解析：选B。本段主题为“‘I am cultured turist' style”，故选B项“以一个著名的文化景点为背景进行自拍会使你看上去很棒”。B项中的a famus cultural site呼应主题。
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