2018届高三英语二轮复习试题：专题三第三讲　推理判断题 题型突破 Word版含解析

这是一份2018届高三英语二轮复习试题：专题三第三讲　推理判断题 题型突破 Word版含解析，共20页。

题型1 逻辑推断类
[示例] (2017·全国卷Ⅲ，B)Minutes after the last mvie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, emplyees were busy sweeping up ppcrns and gathering cke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75­year histry. This time, hwever, the cleanup was a little different. As ne grup f wrkers carried ut the rubbish, anther grup began remving seats and ther theater equipment in preparatin fr the building’s end.
The film classic The Last Picture Shw was the last mvie shwn in the ld theater. Thugh the mvie is 30 years ld, mst f the 250 seats were filled with teary­eyed audience wanting t say gd­bye t the ld building. Theater wner Ed Bradfrd said he chse the mvie because it seemed apprpriate. The mvie is set in a small twn where the nly mvie theater is preparing t clse dwn.
7．What can we infer abut the audience?
A．They are disappinted with Bradfrd.
B．They are sad t part with the ld theater.
C．They are supprtive f the city fficials.
D．They are eager t have a shpping center.
[解题思路]
第一步 速读文章，找出相关信息句，并标出进行推理判断的关键词
由第二段Thugh the mvie is 30 years ld, mst f the 250 seats were filled with teary­eyed__audience wanting t say gd­bye t the ld building.的关键信息来推断答案。
第二步 根据该题选项特点找到teary­eyed与sad相呼应，gd­bye与part相呼应。
尝试解答 ____B____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
(1)It can be inferred frm the passage that ________．
(2)It can be cncluded frm the passage that________．
(3)The authr strngly suggests that ________．
(4)The writer implies but nt directly states that ________．
2．“逻辑关联”得结论
(1)抓与之相关的关键信息，进行正向或逆向思维，推断出隐含的深层含义。
(2)整合全文或全段信息，进行综合判断，确定最佳选项。
(3)根据上下文逻辑关系，进行实事求是的判断，得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是仅仅根据自己的经验、观点或爱好做出判断。
题型2 目的意图类
[示例] (2016·全国卷Ⅲ，C)If yu are a fruit grwer—r wuld like t becme ne—take advantage f Apple Day t see what’s arund. It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s mre like Apple Mnth. The day itself is n Octber 21, but since it has caught n, events nw spread ut ver mst f Octber arund Britain.
Visiting an apple event is a gd chance t see, and ften taste, a wide variety f apples. T peple wh are used t the limited chice f apples such as Glden Delicius and Ryal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye pener t see the range f classical apples still in existence, such as Deci which was grwn by the Rmans. Althugh it desn’t taste f anything special, it’s still wrth a try, as is the knbbly(多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is mre f a curisity than anything else.
There are als varieties develped t suit specific lcal cnditins. One f the very best varieties fr eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but yu’ll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect sil t grw it, s it’s a__pipe__dream fr mst apple lvers wh fall fr it.
At the events, yu can meet expert grwers and discuss which nes will best suit yur cnditins, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered fr with apple­themed fun and games.
Apple Days are being held at all srts f places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and cmmercial rchards(果园)．If yu want t have a real rchard experience, try visiting the Natinal Fruit Cllectin at Brgdale, near Faversham in Kent.
11．What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A．T shw hw t grw apples.
B．T intrduce an apple festival.
C．T help peple select apples.
D．T prmte apple research.
[解题思路]
第一步 速读文章，试找出相关的信息句，并标出关键词
关键词句：If__yu__are__a__fruit__grwer—r__wuld__like__t__becme__ne—take__advantage__f__Apple__Day__t__see__what’s__arund.
第二步 与选项进行对比，得出答案
尝试解答 ____B____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
(1)What is the main purpse f the passage?
(2)The writer f the stry wants t tell us that ________．
(3)The authr writes the last paragraph in rder t ________．
2．“文体特点”求突破
(1)记叙文：一般会在首段或尾段出现高度概括的总结性的语言，且往往有一定的哲理性，所有的叙述都是围绕该哲理展开。
(2)广告类应用文：文章中有对某种物品或服务的详尽介绍，使用具有明显支持倾向的语言。
(3)说明文：写作目的有赖于对文章主旨的把握，阅读时需要找准主题句。
(4)议论文：提出论点——进行论证——得出结论，作者的意图往往隐含于最后一部分中。
题型3 观点态度类
[示例] (2015·全国卷Ⅰ，B)The freezing Nrtheast hasn’t been a terribly fun place t spend time this winter，s when the chance came fr a weekend t Sarasta，Flrida，my bags were packed befre yu culd say“sunshine.”I left fr the land f warmth and vitamin C (维生素C)，thinking f beaches and range trees.When we tuched dwn t blue skies and warm air，I sent up a small prayer f gratefulness.Swimming pls，wine tasting，and pink sunsets (at nrmal evening hurs，nt 4 in the afternn) filled the weekend，but the best part—particularly t my taste，dulled by mnths f cld­weather rt vegetables—was a 7 a．m. adventure t the Sarasta farmers’ market that prved t be mre than wrth the early wake­up call.
The market，which was funded in 1979，sets up its tents every Saturday frm 7 a．m. t 1 p．m.，rain r shine，alng Nrth Lemn and State streets.Baskets f perfect red strawberries；the red­painted sides f the Java Dawg cffee truck；and mst f all，the tmates：amazing，large，sft and rund red tmates.
Disappinted by many a brken，vine­ripened(蔓上成熟的) prmise，I’ve refused t buy winter tmates fr years.N matter hw attractive they lk in the stre，nce I get them hme they’re unfailingly dry，hard，and tasteless.But I hmed in，with uncertainty，n ne particular table at the Brwn’s Grve Farm’s stand，full f fresh and sft tmates the size f my fist.These were the real deal—and at that mment，I realized that the best part f Sarasta in winter was ging t be eating things that back hme in New Yrk I wuldn’t be experiencing again fr mnths.
Delighted as I was by the tmates in sight，my happiness deepened when I learned that Brwn’s Grve Farm is ne f the suppliers fr Jack Dusty，a newly pened restaurant at the Sarasta Ritz Carltn，where—luckily fr me—I was planning t have dinner that very night.Withut even seeing the menu，I knew I’d be rdering every tmat n it.
24．What did the authr think f her winter life in New Yrk?
A．Exciting. B．Bring.
C．Relaxing. D．Annying.
[解题思路]
第一步 速读文章，找出相关的信息句，并标出关键词
由第一段The freezing Nrtheast hasn’t__been__a__terribly__fun__place t spend time this winter，s...
第二步 结合选项，进行合理推断
尝试解答 ____B____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
(1)What’s the writer’s attitude
(2)What is the authr’s pinin
(3)What des the authr think
2．“忠于措辞”定选项
文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或态度往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰词之中，注意文中作者或人物的措辞。
(1)正确掌握字里行间所隐含或流露的意思，切不可用自己的观点来代替作者或文中人物的观点。
(2)留意那些描写所处氛围的语言及表达情感、态度或观点的词语或句子。
(3)结合平时所积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等的背景知识来进行合理的推断。
3．牢记常见有关作者情感态度的词语
(1)表示支持或肯定：psitive积极乐观的；supprtive支持的；ptimistic乐观的；humrus幽默的；enthusiastic热情的；pleasant愉快的。
(2)表示中立：indifferent不感兴趣的，漠不关心的，中立的；uninterested不感兴趣的；bjective客观的；neutral中立的；nt mentined未提及的。
题型4 文章出处或读者对象类
[示例] (安徽卷，A)
Persnal Rbt
Make yur parents and teachers happy！
Are yu having prblems finishing yur hmewrk n time? D yu avid tidying yur rm until yur mm shuts at yu? Yu dn’t need t wrry if yu buy a Mr.Helping Hand persnal rbt.Mr.H can be prgrammed t rganize yur hmewrk.Yur wn persnal rbt will fllw yu arund，putting away bks and bjects that yu have left n the flr r bed.
Mr.H als has these features(特点)：
·weighs nly 500 grams
·includes lng­lasting batteries
·cmes with a 5­year guarantee
·remembers simple instructins
Originally(最初) sld fr $499
NOW ONLY $299
BUY NOW
WATCH CONTROL
This is a watch that James Bnd wuld be prud t wear!
This is NOT a watch fr rdinary peple!
Yur electrnic PENGO WATCH CONTROL
►acts as a remte cntrl fr TVs and vides.
►gives yu a daily weather frecast.
►reminds yu when t hand in yur hmewrk.
►sets ff a silent warning alarm when parents r teachers are near.
Besides，yur PENGO WATCH CONTROL will always tell yu the time accurately!
Originally sld fr $199
NOW ONLY $99
Fr further infrmatin，click here.
59．Where wuld yu be mst likely t find the tw texts?
A．On a ntice bard.
B．In a cmpany brchure.
C．On a teenage website.
D．In a cllege newspaper.
[解题思路]
第一步 速读文章，结合文章语言特色找出最能体现文章出处的专用词汇
①BUY__NOW
②Fr__further__infrmatin,__click__here
第二步 结合选项，试进行合理推断
尝试解答 ____C____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
(1)The passage wuld prbably be fund in ________．
(2)The passage is mst likely t be taken frm/ut f ________．
(3)Where des the text prbably cme frm?
2．“专用词汇”做判断
考生本身要具备一定的常识，把文章的内容与自己所具备的常识结合起来做出正确的判断。如要对报纸、杂志、网络、小说、童话、广告、说明书、旅游指南、药品说明、操作指南等文章的语言特色，特别是其专用词汇有基本的了解，根据文章的语言特色和其专用词汇对号入座，快速选出最佳答案。
[状元技法]
推理判断题解题三技巧
1．抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。抓住某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正向推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。
2．整合全文信息进行推断。在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的信息，严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点等系列材料，综合起来去推理判断。
3．利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断。在把握主旨大意的基础上利用文章的语境褒贬性对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。
,[学生用书P50] )
A
(2017·湖北武汉高三调研)I felt like I had clicked my heels three times and cme t a cuntry away frm hme every mrning as I walked thrugh the drs at the Embassy f Australia in Washingtn.Musical Aussie accents and Abriginal art exhibits made me wnder if I had entered withut a visa. In fact I was a temprary emplyee，a public affairs unpaid intern(实习生) fr three mnths during the summer in rder t engage myself in the culture f the cuntry where I planned t study the next spring.
During the summer I read the Australian news every day. Wrking at the embassy allwed me t escape the U．S.fr six hurs per day and learn abut what was ging n acrss the planet.After reading the daily Australian and U．S.news I usually helped prepare a PwerPint presentatin fr schl kids wh visited the embassy as part f a schl activity. Depending n whether an embassy event was ging n，I wuld attend weekly meetings t listen t planning and see what I culd d t help.Usually there were smaller tasks t be dne such as creating visitrs’ guides.
The mst fantastic event in which I participated was the visit f the Australian Prime Minister. As the nly American amng cuntless Australian media and staff, I felt cmfrtable and was kept busy taking pictures and recrding drstp interviews at famus sites such as the Capitl. As an intern, yu will nt be expsed t tp­secret infrmatin, but yu are n the inside when it cmes t special events.
Gvernment wrk is a useful additin t ne’s experience. As an embassy emplyee yu will gain invaluable knwledge while spending yur summer in a culturally diverse wrkplace.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者为了要到澳大利亚学习提前在位于华盛顿的澳大利亚驻美国大使馆实习的经历。
1．What is the authr talking abut?
A．Her embassy internship.
B．Her truble in finding a jb.
C．Her freign culture experience.
D．Her preparatin fr future emplyment.
A 解析：主旨大意题。根据全文大意可知，作者主要讲述了她在位于华盛顿的澳大利亚驻美国大使馆实习的经历。
2．Why was the authr in the Embassy f Australia fr three mnths?
A．T apply fr a visa.
B．T prepare t study in Australia.
C．T recrd musical Aussie accents.
D．T appreciate Abriginal art exhibits.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“in rder t engage myself in the culture f the cuntry where I planned t study the next spring”可知，作者实习的原因是让自己融入澳大利亚的文化中，因为明年春天她要去那里学习，故答案为B。
3．What was the authr frbidden t d when the Australian Prime Minister visited America?
A．Recrd drstp interviews.
B．Knw tp­secret infrmatin.
C．Take pictures f special events.
D．Stand amng the Australian staff.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句中的“yu will nt be expsed t tp­secret infrmatin”可知，实习生不会接触到绝密信息，故选B。
4．What can we infer abut the authr’s daily rutine at the Embassy?
A．It is tiring. B．It is bring.
C．It is exciting. D．It is relaxing.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句中的“The mst fantastic event”以及最后一段中的“a useful additin”和“gain invaluable knwledge”可知，作者对这次经历的描述是非常积极和正面的，因此可以推断出，在大使馆工作是令作者兴奋的。
B
(2017·陕西高三教学质量检测)Our success，satisfactin and general happiness in life is nt dependent n what happens t us but hw we deal with it.
Yu will prbably knw frm persnal experience what a difference yur attitude can make when，fr example，yu’re returning faulty gds r making a cmplaint. An pen, plite and friendly apprach，expecting a satisfactry result，nrmally results in ne as peple tend t respnd with a similar attitude. If，hwever，yu present an argument with an angry，accusing tne，expecting truble，there is little dubt that this is what yu’ll get!
Sme peple see the wrld thrugh a filter f ptimism and sme thrugh a filter f pessimism(悲观) which largely cmes dwn t having a psitive r negative(消极的) attitude. Peple wh are suffering frm a negative attitude primarily think that smething can’t be dne；they talk abut prblems, see all the difficulties，find fault with and criticize ther peple and fcus n all the things they wuld like but haven’t gt.On the cntrary，peple blessed with a psitive attitude think that anything is pssible.They lk fr ways t slve the prblems, they see the gd in everybdy，and they are grateful fr all the gd things in their lives.
Whether suffering frm r blessed with yur attitude，this is nt smething that is put n us frm the utside.We are very much respnsible fr ur wn attitude.We all start ut with a “clean” bard but this can get muddied by ur experiences in life.As children we are made fun f and even get bullied(欺侮) and rejected，start t experience dubt and lse ur self­cnfidence.If this cntinues int adulthd，it can result in a bad attitude in later life.
[解题导语] 本文展现出了积极的人生态度的重要性。
5．It can be inferred frm Paragraph 2 that peple are likely t treat thers__________．
A．the way they are treated
B．better when they are satisfied
C．wrse when they are in truble
D．the way they cnsider apprpriate
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的整体内容尤其是“as peple tend t respnd with a similar attitude”可知，你以什么样的态度对待他人，他人也会用同样的方式对待你。
6．Accrding t the writer，what affects peple’s life attitude?
A．The situatin they face.
B．The peple arund them.
C．Their expectatins f life.
D．The way they view the wrld.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的整体内容并结合最后一段中的“We are all start ut with a‘clean’ bard but this can get muddied by ur experiences in life.”可知，人们看待世界的方式会左右他们对事物的态度，人们的人生经历对人生态度又有影响，故选D。
7．What is the purpse f the writer in writing this passage?
A．T shw hw t avid a negative attitude.
B．T shw the imprtance f a psitive attitude.
C．T share his psitive attitude with his readers.
D．T describe the effects f a negative attitude.
B 解析：写作意图题。根据第一段并结合全文的内容可推知，作者写本文的目的在于表明积极的人生态度的重要性。
专题强化训练13 推理判断题——逻辑推断类/目的意图类[学生用书P101(单独成册)]
A
(2017·东北三省四市高考模拟)As her sn Camern sits at his laptp cmpleting a task fr his math degree curse, Alisn Thmpsn, a full­time mum, is busy helping her daughter Emma(tw years yunger than Camern) get dressed. While help has always been available fr Emma, Alisn and her husband als have t fight t get Camern the supprt he needs. “Peple culd see that Emma has special needs but because Camern was ding s well at schl, his teachers never thught there was a prblem with him，” says Alisn.
It tk Alisn and her husband a while t realize their sn was different. Camern’s ability didn’t becme clear until he began primary schl. Once he even crrected the teacher when she tld the class that zer was the lwest number. Camern tld her she was wrng because there were negative numbers(负数). He was fur at the time. Nw 14­year­ld Camern is at secndary schl, studying fr a distance learning math degree with the Open University, having__sailed__thrugh__his__GCSE at 11 and his A­level at 12, achieving tp grades.
Bethany, anther daughter f Alisn, is bright t but nt gifted. She is the ne wh will remind absent­minded Camern t put n his cat. She als helps him ut in scial situatins.
Emma attends a specialist schl and the family is quick t celebrate her successes t. “The ther day she did up the buttns n her cat, which was real prgress，” Alisn says.
Late last year the Thmpsns tk part in a televisin dcumentary(纪录片) t prve that nt all gifted children are the result f extremely ambitius parents. Gifted children need supprt t and their lives dn’t have t be that different. Camern is an example.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇记叙文。通过讲述Thmpsn一家人的生活说明了任何孩子都需要亲人的支持和帮助，天才儿童的生活也如此。
1．What des Paragraph 1 indicate?
A．Camern helps Emma with her math tasks.
B．Teachers at schl ignred Emma’s prblems.
C．Bth Camern and Emma need parental supprt.
D．The cuple ften have fights because f Camern.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的“While help has always been available fr Emma, Alisn and her husband als have t fight t get Camern the supprt he needs.”可知，Emma和Camern都需要父母的支持，故C项正确。
2．What des the underlined phrase “having sailed thrugh his GCSE” prbably mean?
A．Having passed his GCSE easily.
B．Having taken his GCSE seriusly.
C．Having wrked hard at his GCSE.
D．Having suffered a lt frm his GCSE.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据文章画线短语后的“at 11 and his A­level at 12, achieving tp grades”可知，Camern在11岁就通过了GCSE考试，在12岁则通过了A­level阶段的学习，故画线短语意为“轻而易举地通过GCSE考试”。
3．There are ________peple in Mrs. Thmpsn’s family.
A．three B．fur
C．five D．six
C 解析：细节理解题。文章提到了Thmpsn夫妇、儿子Camern、女儿Emma和Bethany，所以Thmpsn一家共5个人。
4．What can be cncluded frm the passage?
A．Emma has learned t take gd care f herself.
B．Camern shwed his gifts befre primary schl.
C．The children f the family are bright and gifted.
D．Gifted kids are nt s different as peple expect.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“Gifted children need supprt t and their lives dn’t have t be that different.”可知，天才儿童也需要支持，他们的生活不一定和别人不一样，即天才儿童不像人们所期望的那样事事不同于常人，故选D项。
B
(2017·烟台诊断)In an effrt t discurage peple frm using plastics, scientists have been hard at wrk inventing alternative packaging prducts. Frm water bttles made frm seaweed t cutlery(餐具) made frm rice and wheat, a number f inventins are set t change the way we eat while we are n the g, r having a relaxing picnic in the park.
The idea f using seaweed t make ec­friendly(环保的) water bttles has been arund fr a few years. Recently, Ari Jnssn tk his inventin—a water bttle made frm red seaweed—t shw ff at a festival. The bttles will nly hld their shape as lng as they are filled. As sn as these bttles are empty they will begin t break dwn, thugh they wuld be perfectly safe t eat.Ari Jnssn’s bttles are a step clser t a widely used alternative t the current plastic nes.
The eatable water cntainer is nt the nly prduct t add t ur image f the future. Narayana Pessapaty has als created eatable spns. After the success f his spns, Mr. Pessapaty is ready t expand and intrduce frks and chpsticks t his menu. His aim is t largely reduce the amunt f plastic waste, which is a huge prblem fr waste sites all ver the wrld. It is a prduct that may take up t 500 years t break dwn, and recycling cmpanies wrldwide are struggling t deal with it.
Aside frm the bvius benefits t the envirnment, this new packaging is als cheap t prduce and therefre cheap t buy. Even better is the fact that similar eatable cutlery can be made at hme, pssibly a science prject fr children r just fun with friends. Why nt get experimenting and create yur wn recipes?
[解题导语] 为了阻止人们使用塑料包装，本文介绍了科学家发明的可食用的、环保的包装替代产品。
5．Why d scientists invent alternative packaging prducts?
A．T make peple’s life mre cnvenient.
B．T reduce the amunt f plastic waste.
C．T change the way we picnic utside.
D．T shw ff their inventive talents.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“In an effrt t discurage peple frm using plastics...”可知，为了阻止人们使用塑料包装，科学家们发明了可替代的包装产品。故选B项。
6．What makes Ari Jnssn’s water bttles ec­friendly?
A．They can be made at hme.
B．They are cheap t prduce and buy.
C．They will hld their shape when they are filled.
D．They will break dwn themselves when empty.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“As sn as these bttles are empty they will begin t break dwn...”可知，水瓶一空，它们就会分解。也就是说，它们在被倒空时，会自己分解，所以使得这些水瓶很环保。故选D项。
7．What d Ari and Narayana’s inventins have in cmmn?
A．They are cnvenient t carry.
B．They are safe t eat.
C．They can be used fr a shrt time.
D．They are heavier than plastics.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“ they wuld be perfectly safe t eat”及第三段第二句“Narayana Pessapaty has als created eatable spns.”可知，两人发明物的共同特点是它们都是可安全食用的。故选B项。
8．What can be inferred frm this passage?
A．Hme­made eatable cutlery is likely t be ppular.
B．Eatable cutlery will cmpletely replace plastics in the near future.
C．N recycling cmpanies can break dwn plastic waste.
D．It’s unsafe fr individuals t invent eatable cutlery at hme.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Even better is the fact that similar eatable cutlery can be made at hme, pssibly a science prject fr children r just fun with friends.”可知，类似的可食用餐具可在家里自制，由此可猜测，这种餐具可能会变得很受欢迎。故选A项。
C
(2017·太原二模)“Stp all the rushing and screaming: t much excitement is bad fr families. Kids are missing ut n an essential life—relaxed dwn time，” says Dr. Charltte Reznick.
“Parents wrk, and kids d scheduled activities—there’s little family time withut pressure，” says Reznick. “One parent is taking the sn t a sccer game, and the ther parent is taking the daughter t her swim meet. Then there’s the art class, baseball practice, extra tutring, and mre! By the time the family meet up fr dinner, everyne is exhausted.”
All the rushing makes fr a shrt temper. “When parents are reduced t shuting at their children t get them t listen, they lwer their wn self­esteem as well as lsing the respect f their children，” says Dr. Carl Pickhardt. “While parents think it shws they’re serius abut what they’re saying, they are really just shwing helpless desperatin at nt getting their way.”
These days what kids are learning at schl and frm the utside is a lt greater than it used t be even just a generatin ag.
“The prblem is that stress relieving activities—reading, taking walks r ht baths, watching the sunset and ther activities are nt even part f mst kids’ experience any mre，” says Reznick.
“There are s many mre scial interactin pprtunities in ur cmputer age, but nt all f them prmte meaningful cnnectins, which is anther ptential utlet fr stress，” she says.
One way t relieve stress is a simple technique called “the balln breath”. It’s a great way fr everyne t becme calm s that they can respnd thughtfully rather than just react.
Here’s hw t d it. Imagine a deflated(未充气的) balln in yur stmach—abut tw t three inches belw yur navel(肚脐). Slwly breathe in t a cunt f and feel the lwer belly expand, and flatten as yu slwly breathe ut t a cunt f
[解题导语] 本文主要讲述了如何缓解孩子们的压力。
9．What can we infer frm the secnd paragraph?
A．Kids can hardly enjy family time due t heavy burdens.
B．Saturday is the nly leisurely day f the week fr kids.
C．The life f kids is becming rich due t extra classes.
D．Parents have n time n weekends t care fr their kids.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“By the time the family meet up fr dinner, everyne is exhausted.”和本段的整体内容可推知，如今孩子们的负担沉重，几乎无法享受家庭时间，故选A。
10．What des Dr. Carl Pickhardt think f parents when they yell?
A．They have n self­cnfidence.
B．They take what they say seriusly.
C．They are always behaving like children.
D．They are less respected and seem desperate.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“lsing the respect f their children”和最后一句“While parents think it shws they’re serius abut what they’re saying, they are really just shwing helpless desperatin at nt getting their way.”可知，Dr.Carl Pickhardt认为，父母在大吼大叫时，孩子们对他们的尊重会减少，也显示出父母无助的绝望，故选D。
11．What is the functin f “the balln breath” accrding t the seventh paragraph?
A．T make ne cl dwn.
B．T test ne’s patience.
C．T raise ne’s awareness.
D．T fill a balln with air.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第二句“It’s a great way fr everyne t becme calm s that they can respnd thughtfully rather than just react.”可知，这种方法的作用是使人们冷静下来，故选A。
12．What is the purpse f the authr writing this passage?
A．T tell educatrs t be patient.
B．T advise parents nt t make life t stressful fr kids.
C．T encurage kids t pursue creativity.
D．T shw that kids need patience and lve frm their parents.
B 解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是如何缓解孩子们的重压，这是给父母提出的建议，故选B。
专题强化训练14 推理判断题——观点态度类/文章出处类[学生用书P103(单独成册)]
A
(2017·河南开封一模)Accrding t the Glbal Times, it is reprted that tw nline vides shwing children telling their parents “I lve yu” have gne viral in China. The first, filmed by an Anhui TV statin, shws a number f cllege students telling their parents they lve them. The respnses are mixed. “Are yu drunk？” asked ne parent. In anther similar vide, sht by a Shanxi TV statin, a father respnded even less patiently—“I’m ging t a meeting, s cut the crap.”
Why dn’t Chinese families use thse wrds? Theries revlve arund the nature f Cnfucian teaching. “The parents’ respnses shw that many Chinese are nt gd at expressing psitive emtins，” Xia Xueluan, a scilgist frm Peking University, tld the Glbal Times. “They are used t educating children with negative language.”
This isn’t the first time that China has dne sme sul­searching abut familial lve—last year China Daily asked a crss­sectin f peple if they said “I lve yu” t their parents，spuses, and children. “I have never said ‘I lve yu’ t my family, and I dn’t think I will in the future，” ne 56­year­ld man tld the paper. “Saying it alud is embarrassing fr me.”
Still, that desn’t mean that lve can’t be expressed. In a separate article, China Daily spke t Zha Mengmeng, a 31­year­ld wman wh said she had never tld her father she lved him face­t­face(“I find it a bit dd”). Smetimes actins speak luder than wrds. Zha gave her father a pht album featuring phtgraphs f them tgether n almst every ne f her birthdays in June 2012. The pictures went viral nline, being frwarded hundreds f thusands f times n Weib.
“I didn’t sleep the night I heard abut it，” her father tld China Daily after the stry attracted mainstream attentin. “I have nw memrized sme f the cmments n the cllectin f pictures.”
[解题导语] 中国人一直以含蓄著称，这一特点在向家人表达爱时也不例外。近来，两段视频引起了轰动，文章对此作了介绍。作者运用大量例子解释了中国人为什么不直接说“我爱你”，并列举了其独特的表达方式。
1．What can we infer frm the text?
A．It is nt direct fr Chinese families t say “I lve yu”．
B．Chinese parents are t prud t express “I lve yu”．
C．Chinese parents are gd at expressing psitive emtins.
D．Yung parents in China are willing t express “I lve yu”．
A 解析：推理判断题。文章第三段引入一位被采访者的观点：Saying it alud is embarrassing fr me.，下一段介绍了中国人对父母表达爱的特点：Smetimes actins speak luder than wrds.，即用行动而不是语言来向父母表达自己的爱，并列举事例进行证明。由此可推断，中国人通常不会向家人直接表达爱。故选A项。
2．Why dn’t Chinese parents express “I lve yu” t their children?
A．Because they can’t express it.
B．Because they are nt in the habit f expressing s.
C．Because they think it unnecessary.
D．Because they think it shuld be dne nly amng yung cuples.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“I have never said ‘I lve yu’ t my family, and I dn’t think I will in the future，” ne 56­year­ld man tld the paper. “Saying it alud is embarrassing fr me.”可知，中国的父母不习惯这样表达。
3．Zha Mengmeng expressed “I lve yu” t her father by ________．
A．giving him an album cntaining their phts
B．kissing her father’s face and telling him by wrds
C．speaking it ut bravely in a TV prgram
D．writing ut the three wrds in a letter
A 解析：细节理解题。题干关键信息为Zha Mengmeng，根据文章倒数第二段倒数第二句Zha gave her father a pht album featuring phtgraphs f them tgether n almst every ne f her birthdays...可知，赵萌萌送给爸爸一个相册，里面是他们的照片，以此来表达对父亲的爱。故选A项。
4．What’s the authr’s attitude tward the statements abut “I lve yu”？
A．Oppsed. B．Objective.
C．Critical. D．Indifferent.
B 解析：推理判断题。作者通过随机调查告诉我们，中国人为什么不习惯对家人说“I lve yu”，在分析完原因后，又通过具体的例子告诉我们中国人如何用一种含蓄的方式向家人表达爱。所有这些，作者只是在客观描述，没有添加自己的感情倾向。故选B项，bjective意为“客观的”。
B
(2017·福建泉州检测)We knw a lt abut the advantages and disadvantages f reading a hard­cpy bk vs. reading electrnically. The prblem is, many f us refuse t listen.
Dn’t get me wrng: Digital reading has sme real advantages. Ask peple what they like mst abut reading n digital screens, and yu hear ver and ver again abut cnvenience. Mre pints fr digital reading：e­bks tend t be cheaper. There’s als the envirnmental argument. Think f the trees!
Yet the sundness f this case is arguable. The earth metals t build e­readers are nt just rare but highly pisnus. And think abut all that energy needed t run servers and cling fans. And remember, trees are a renewable resurce.
Then, there’s the appeal f a hard cpy. Many peple prefer print when reading bth fr pleasure and fr schl r wrk. Drawing examples frm my wn research, sme f the reasns are aesthetic(美学的). Others invlve a sense f accmplishment, ease f anntatin(“I can write n the pages”), and navigatin(“easy t lcate where I was”). Meanwhile, I hear abundant cmplaints abut eye strain(眼疲劳) and headaches when using screens.
Much f what students liked abut reading print invlved their minds. They say “it’s easier t fcus”. Sme als acknwledged they tk mre time with printed text and read mre carefully.
But what makes the failure f electrnic reading is cncentratin. Mre than 92% f thse I surveyed said they cncentrated best when reading a hard cpy. When a digital device has an Internet cnnectin, it’s hard t resist the temptatin(诱惑)．
S if digital interruptins dn’t threaten yur enjyment r understanding f a text, then medium may nt matter. Casual reading like David Baldacci? If yu break t check sprts scres, there will be little harm dne. But just dn’t expect t understand Jyce’s nvels this way.
[解题导语] 文章主要介绍了在网络高度发达的社会中，电子书有愈来愈替代纸质书的趋势，然而作者通过对比两者的优缺点表达了对纸质书的青睐。
5．What is an advantage f reading a hard­cpy bk?
A．It is cheaper.
B．It is easier t carry arund.
C．It helps peple think deeper.
D．It prvides instant infrmatin.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段可知，读纸质书能让人更专注、更认真，因此思考更深入。故选C项。
6．What’s the biggest prblem f reading digitally?
A．Envirnmental cncern.
B．Physical discmfrt.
C．Lack f cncentratin.
D．Internet cnnectin.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第六段第一句But what makes the failure f electrnic reading is cncentratin.可知，电子书阅读的最大问题是缺乏专注。故选C项。
7．What’s the authr’s attitude tward e­reading?
A．Supprtive. B．Disapprving.
C．Optimistic. D．Uncncerned.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三至六段尤其是最后一段可知，作者认为，如果电子阅读不会影响你阅读的愉悦感和对文本的理解，那么无可厚非。但是读类似乔伊斯的作品时就不是合适的选择了。由此可推测，作者对电子阅读持不赞成的态度。故选B项。
8．Hw is the passage mainly develped?
A．By analyzing pssible reasns.
B．By prviding typical examples.
C．By listing practical suggestins.
D．By presenting direct cmparisns.
D 解析：推理判断题。文章的第二段主要讲了电子书的好处，第三段讲了电子书的缺点，第四、五段主要讲了纸质书的益处，第六段讲了电子书的缺点。因此整个文章是通过比较来写作的。故选D项。
C
(2017·辽宁重点高中第三次联考)Thse wh claim bananas are fattening argue that bananas cause the bdy t make lts f insulin(胰岛素), and insulin causes fat grwth.
Hw much insulin we prduce is related t hw fast fd becmes sugar in ur bldstream. Hw can yu knw if fd makes a lt f sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指数), r GI rating tells us. Fds with GI scres abve 75 are cnsidered high­GI fds, leading t faster sugar develpment. Bananas have a GI f 62, which is cnsidered lw.
Weight lss can be a struggle fr anyne, but it is especially hard fr diabetics(糖尿病患者). A study lked at hw the starch frm unripe bananas affected the weight f a grup f bese diabetics. After fur weeks f a diet high in bananas, diabetics lst significantly mre weight than n a cntrl diet. They als saw imprvements in insulin sensitivity frm the banana diet.
What’s mre, bananas have been shwn t cut risks f strkes, diabetes and cancers(Bananas are the mst pwerful fruit fr lwering the risk f kidney cancer.). Bananas are als a rich surce f fiber, which has been shwn t help weight lss. Bananas that still have sme green n the skin are even higher in fiber.
Skins frm green bananas can be taken and, after remving the stem and dark tip, cut int small pieces 2－3 inches lng and 1/2 inch wide. These pieces can be made int a tea r added t a dish. When yu eat the skins, be sure yu are eating rganic bananas. The flesh f regular bananas is lw in pesticides, but the skins are nt.
[解题导语] 本文反驳了“吃香蕉会使人发胖”这一错误观点，告诉大家香蕉不会使身体分泌很多胰岛素而导致脂肪增加，相反，香蕉对身体健康有着诸多好处。
9．What cnclusin can we draw frm Paragraphs 1 & 2?
A．Bananas are likely t make peple fat.
B．Insulin determines the amunt f sugar.
C．Lw­GI fds can turn int sugar mre slwly.
D．The faster the fd becmes sugar, the less insulin.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hw can yu knw if fd makes a lt f sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指数)． sugar develpment.”可知，血糖指数高的食物往往能更快地转化成糖分，反之，血糖指数低的食物转化成糖分的速度较慢。故选C。
10．What des the authr say abut bananas?
A．Including bananas in diets is gd fr health.
B．Bananas can cure peple suffering kidney cancer.
C．Eating rganic bananas can prtect peple frm strkes.
D．Bananas’ abundant fiber imprves insulin sensitivity.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“ lst significantly mre weight than n a cntrl diet. They als saw imprvements in insulin sensitivity frm the banana diet.”及第四段的“bananas have been shwn t cut risks f strkes, diabetes and lss.”可知，香蕉可以帮助人们减肥，也能降低人们患中风、糖尿病及癌症的风险，由此可得出这样的结论：将香蕉列入日常饮食对人们的健康有益，故选A。
11．What is discussed in the last paragraph?
A．The use f banana skins.
B．The benefits f banana skins.
C．The imprtance f banana skins.
D．The ways f chsing rganic bananas.
A 解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是“can be made int a tea r added t a dish”可知，本段主要讲的是香蕉皮的用途。故选A。
12．In which sectin f a newspaper can we read this passage?
A．Educatin. B．Health.
C．Culture. D．Science.
B 解析：推理判断题。纵观全文可知，香蕉不仅有助于减肥，还能降低人们患中风、糖尿病及癌症的风险，而且香蕉皮也有用处。由此可知，本文最有可能出现在报纸的健康专栏。故选B。