2018版高考英语二轮专题复习突破讲义：专题五 写作 Word版含答案

这是一份2018版高考英语二轮专题复习突破讲义：专题五 写作 Word版含答案，共41页。教案主要包含了默写话题词块，完成话题佳句，构思话题写作，六段)，八段)，五段)等内容，欢迎下载使用。


2016年10月开始的浙江新高考写作部分发生了新变化：写作部分分为两节：第一节是应用文写作；第二节是读后续写或概要写作。《考试说明》上明确表示：“两种形式在不同考次不定期交替使用”。这两种形式的写作，对浙江师生，乃至全国中学师生来说，都是十分新颖的，是前所未有的新题型。新高考更加重视考查考生高中阶段英语基本技能的掌握情况，也注意考查考生进入高等学校继续学习的潜能，目标是利用高考命题的导向功能推动新课程的课堂教学改革。
第1讲话题下的应用文写作
(一)中国传统文化
一、默写话题词块
1．中国传统文化　　　　Chinese_traditional_culture
2．激发某人对……的热情 arouse_one's_enthusiasm_for
3．提出 put_forward
4．给某人留下深刻印象 leave_a_deep_impression_on_sb.
5．对……有很大的影响 have_a_great_effect_on
6．被认为是 be_considered/regarded_as
7．多亏，由于 thanks_to
8．对……有更好的理解 have_a_better_understanding_of
9．有……历史 with_a_history_of_...
10．报名参加 sign_up_for
11．传播中国文化 spread_Chinese_culture
12．体验多元化的中国文化
experience_diverse_Chinese_culture
13．为了纪念 in_memory_of
14．追溯到 date_back_to/date_from
15．熟悉；通晓 be_familiar_with
二、完成话题佳句
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)What's more, in_order_to_know_more_about_Chinese culture,_it is of importance for you to be aware of the content, Tang Poetry.
更为重要的是，为了了解更多的中国文化知识，你知晓这项内容——唐诗是很重要的。
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)I'm writing to invite you to see the Chinese paper­cutting exhibition. It is a_Chinese_folk_art with a long history.
我写信邀请你参观中国剪纸艺术展。它是中国的一种民间艺术形式，有着悠久的历史。
3．(2015·北京高考书面表达)As_planned,_with_the_intention_of_advocating_and promoting_the traditional_culture,_our school invited a craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines.
按计划，为了弘扬传统文化，我们学校邀请一位面人艺术家教我们如何捏面人。
4．It would be a great honor for me to_invite_you_to_come_to_China_in_the_near future,_when you can experience the colorful Chinese culture.
我很荣幸地邀请你近期来中国，届时你会体验到丰富多彩的中国文化。
5．You can write about your understanding of Chinese culture as_well_as_your_personal experiences in_China.
你可以写你对中国文化的理解，也可以写你在中国的个人经历。
6．I'm_writing_to_invite_you_to the Traditional Chinese Culture Fair to be held by our school at the Art Center this Friday afternoon, from 2：00 pm to 5：00 pm.
我写信邀请你参加星期五下午2点到5点在我校艺术中心举办的中国传统文化展。
三、构思话题写作
[题目要求]
假定你是李华，应邀为某英文网站写一则简讯，报道你校今天刚结束的中文诗词大赛(Chinese Poetry Contest)。内容包括：
1．目的(鼓励学习诗词文化)；
2．形式(朗读、背诵)；
3．结果。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[四步作文法]
第一步：审准题目不跑偏
1．体裁：本文为一篇简讯/报道；
2．时态：本文时态以一般过去时为主；
3．人称：本文人称以第三人称为主。
第二步：核心要点须列全
1．今天我们学校成功地举办了中文诗词大赛。
A Chinese Poetry Contest was_successfully_held in our school today.
2．这项比赛吸引了几乎全校的师生，它旨在鼓励学生更多地了解传统的中国诗歌文化。
The contest attracted almost all the students and teachers in our school. It aimed to_encourage_students_to_know_more_about traditional Chinese poetry culture.
3．来自不同班级的20名学生参加了比赛。
Twenty_students_from_different_classes took part in the competition.
4．他们的演出，包括朗读、背诵诗歌，给在场观众留下了深刻的印象。
Their performances, including reading poems aloud and reciting poems from memory, deeply impressed_the_audience_present.
5．通过参加这种活动，学生对中国诗歌和传统文化了解了很多。
By_attending_activities_of_this_kind,_students have learned a lot about Chinese poetry and traditional culture.
第三步：高级句式亮人眼
用定语从句合并升级句2
The_contest,_which_aimed_to_encourage_students_to_know_more_about_traditional_Chinese_poetry_culture,_attracted_almost_all_the_students_and_teachers_in_our_school.
第四步：衔接成文分数满
A_Chinese_Poetry_Contest_was_successfully_held_in_our_school_today.The_contest,_which_aimed_to_encourage_students_to_know_more_about_traditional_Chinese_poetry_culture,_attracted_almost_all_the_students_and_teachers_in_our_school.
Twenty_students_from_different_classes_took_part_in_the_competition._Their_performances,_including_reading_poems_aloud_and_reciting_poems_from_memory,_deeply_impressed_the_audience_present._By_attending_activities_of_this_kind,_students_have_learned_a_lot_about_Chinese_poetry_and_traditional_culture.
(二)语言学习
一、默写话题词块
1．上英语课　　　　　　　attend_English_classes
2．英语角 the_English_Corner
3．提高英语口语 improve_spoken_English
4．交朋友 make_friends
5．扩大词汇量 enlarge/expand_one's_vocabulary
6．养成阅读的习惯 form_the_habit_of_reading
7．把……翻译成 translate_..._into
8．记笔记 take_notes
9．查词典 refer_to/consult_a_dictionary
10．写下，记下 set/write/take_down
11．尽量多记单词 memorize_as_many_words_as you_can
12．在……取得很大进步 make_great_progress_in_...
13．写日记 keep_a_diary
14．取得成功；得到好结果 pay_off
15．集中注意力于 concentrate_on
二、完成话题佳句
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Besides, I advise you to go to the bookstore to borrow a history book and learn_the_history_of_the_Tang_Dynasty_in_advance,_which can help you better understand the poems to be learned.
此外，我建议你去书店借一本历史书并提前学习唐朝的历史，这能帮助你更好地理解要学的诗。
2．(2016·浙江高考书面表达)After that, I set out to read_widely_for_an_inspiring topic,_wrote a speech, and practiced its delivery in beautiful pronunciation with good public speech skills.
在那之后，我开始为一个鼓舞人心的话题进行了广泛的阅读，写了一篇演讲稿，用美丽的发音与良好的公众演讲技能练习演讲。
3．(2015·四川高考书面表达)Learning Mandarin takes time, so if you want to learn it well, you should spend_much_time_practicing Mandarin every day.
学习普通话会花费时间，所以，如果你想要学好它，你应该每天多花时间练习说普通话。
4．It's important for the students to_remember_as_many_words_and_phrases_as_possible at the beginning of learning English.
在开始学英语的时候，对于学生来说，尽量多记单词和短语是非常重要的。
5．First of all, I often participate_in_English_Corners,_where I can talk and communicate with classmates and foreign teachers.
首先，我经常参加英语角，在英语角我与同学们和外国老师交谈和交流。
6．I insist on keeping_a_diary and it can improve my ability to express myself in English and help me to put what I've learnt to use.
我坚持写日记，这不仅能提高我用英语表达自我的能力也有助于我学以致用。
三、构思话题写作
[题目要求]
假定你是李华。你的笔友Tom给你写信咨询“如何在班级创设浓厚的汉语学习氛围”。请你根据提示给他写一封英文回信。内容包括：
1．开设汉语角；
2．邀请汉语外教来学校上课。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom，
How are you doing? I'm glad to hear from you. From your letter，　

　

　

　

　
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
[四步作文法]
第一步：审准题目不跑偏
1．体裁：本文为一封建议信；
2．时态：本文时态以一般现在时为主；
3．人称：本文人称以第二人称为主。
第二步：核心要点须列全
1．从你的来信中我得知你们班要培养学生学习汉语的兴趣。
From your letter, I know that your class will_develop_the_students'_interest in Chinese learning.
2．在班级里你们应该创办汉语角，你们可以练习汉语口语。
You should set up a Chinese Corner in your class. There you can practice_your_spoken Chinese.
3．你们应该邀请一些精通汉语的中文老师来学校与学生面对面地交流。
You should invite some Chinese teachers who know Chinese well to_come_to_school_to communicate_with_students face to face.
4．我的确希望我的建议对你有所帮助。盼望着早日收到你的好消息。
I do hope my suggestions can_be_helpful_for_you. I'm looking forward to getting your good news soon.
第三步：高级句式亮人眼
1．用定语从句合并升级句2
You_should_set_up_a_Chinese_Corner_in_your_class,_where_you_can_practice_your_spoken_Chinese.
2．把句3中的“know Chinese well”升级为高级短语
You_should_invite_some_Chinese_teachers_who_have_a_good_command_of_Chinese_to_come_to_school_to_communicate_with_students_face_to_face.
第四步：衔接成文分数满
Dear Tom，
How are you doing? I'm glad to hear from you. From your letter, I_know_that_your class_will develop the_students' interest_in_Chinese_learning.
Now_I_share_some_advice_with_you._To_begin_with,_you_should_set_up_a_Chinese_Corner_in_your_class,_where_you_can_practice_your_spoken_Chinese._Besides,_you_should_invite_some_Chinese_teachers_who_have_a_good_command_of_Chinese_to_come_to_school_to_communicate_with_students_face_to_face._I_do_hope_my_suggestions_can_be_helpful_for_you._I'm_looking_forward_to_getting_your_good_news_soon.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
(三)人际关系
一、默写话题词块
1．与……保持联系　　　　stay_in_touch_with
2．彼此交流 communicate_with_each_other
3．与某人吵架 quarrel_with_sb.
4．有许多共同之处 have_a_lot_in_common
5．改善关系 improve_the_relationship
6．保持冷静 keep_calm
7．与某人保持良好关系 keep_a_good_relationship
with_sb.
8．对某人无礼/和蔼可亲 be_rude/kind_to_sb.
9．与某人相处融洽 get_on/along_well_with_sb.
10．与……和谐相处/协调 be_in_harmony_with_...
11．增进与……的友谊 promote_friendship_with_...
12．乐于助人 be_ready_to_help_others
13．帮助某人摆脱困境 help_sb._out
14．向某人求助 turn_to_sb._for_help
15．向某人道歉 make_an_apology_to_sb.
二、完成话题佳句
1．(2017·天津高考书面表达)I'm so glad to hear from you. I've missed you a lot since you left our school, thinking about those happy moments when_we_stayed_with_you.
我很高兴收到你的来信。自从你离开我们学校后，我很想念你，回忆着你和我们在一起的快乐时光。
2．After learning what situation I was in, my teacher, Michael encouraged_me_to_step_out of_trouble bravely and confidently.
得知我的情况后，我的老师Michael鼓励我勇敢自信地走出困境。
3．Time permitting, I expect_to_have_more_spare_time_to_spend_with my friends so that we can have a better relationship.
时间允许的话，我期盼着有更多的业余时间和朋友一起度过，这样我们就会有更加良好的关系。
4．A good friend is a person whom_we_can_turn_to when we're in trouble.
一位好朋友就是一个当我们有困难时能够向其求助的人。
5．As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_to build a good relationship, we should trust each other first.
就我个人而言，要建立良好的关系，我们首先应该彼此信任。
6．I think_it_necessary_to_build_a_good_relationship with teachers, for it is the teachers who show love and concern for us students in study and life.
我认为建立良好的师生关系非常有必要，因为老师能在学习和生活中给予我们学生爱护和关心。
三、构思话题写作
[题目要求]
假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter得知你家三世同堂，对这种生活方式很不理解。请你就此给他回复一封电子邮件。要点包括：
1．陪伴； 2.照顾。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter，

　

　
　


Yours，
Li Hua
[四步作文法]
第一步：审准题目不跑偏
1．体裁：本文为一封电子邮件；
2．时态：本文时态以一般现在时为主；
3．人称：本文人称以第一人称为主。
第二步：核心要点须列全
1．你不能理解祖父母为什么与我们一起生活是很正常的。
It_is_normal_that you can't understand why my grandparents are living with us.
2．众所周知，老人常常感到孤独。我的祖父母也同样会感到孤独。
As_we_all_know,_old people always feel lonely. My grandparents feel lonely too.
3．当我的父母忙于工作时，我的祖父母可以陪伴我。
When my parents are busy with their work, my grandparents will_keep_me_company.
4．最重要的是，他们身体状况不好，因此需要照顾。只有用这种方式我们才能彼此相互好好照顾。
Most importantly, they are_in_poor_health,_so they need looking after. Only in this way can we take good care of each other.
5．在你们的传统文化中是如何赡养老人的？
How_about your culture of supporting your elders?
第三步：高级句式亮人眼
1．用so引导的倒装句式合并升级句2
As_we_all_know,_old_people_always_feel_lonely._So_do_my_grandparents.
2．用what引导的主语从句升级句4
What_is_the_most_important_is_that_they_are_in_poor_health,_so_they_need_looking_after._Only_in_this_way_can_we_take_good_care_of_each_other.
第四步：衔接成文分数满
Dear Peter，
How_are_you_getting_along_these_days?_It_is_normal_that_you_can't_understand_why_my_grandparents_are_living_with_us._Here_is_something_about_it.
As_we_all_know,_old_people_always_feel_lonely._So_do_my_grandparents._Besides,_when_my_parents_are_busy_with_their_work,_my_grandparents_will_keep_me_company._What_is_the_most_important_is_that_they_are_in_poor_health,_so_they_need_looking_after._Only_in_this_way_can_we_take_good_care_of_each_other.
How_about_your_culture_of_supporting_your_elders?_I'm_looking_forward_to_your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
(四)校园活动
一、默写话题词块
1．丰富某人的学校生活　　enrich_one's_school_life
2．开阔某人的眼界 broaden_one's_horizons/view
3．获得自信 gain_self­confidence
4．享受合作的乐趣 enjoy_the_pleasure_of_teamwork
5．营造一种氛围 create_a_kind_of_atmosphere
6．发表某人的观点 voice_one's_opinion
7．学生会 the_Students'_Union
8．社会实践 social_practice
9．专心于 put_one's_heart_into
10．毕业典礼 graduation_ceremony
11．英语晚会 English_evening
12．课外活动 after­school_activities
13．义务劳动 voluntary_labor
14．举行晚会 have_a_party
15．举行运动会 hold_a_sports_meeting
二、完成话题佳句
1．(2017·北京高考书面表达)Graduation finally came. My classmates and I decided to do something. After_a_heated_discussion,_we agreed on making a video to record our experiences at school.
毕业的日子终于临近了，我和同学们决定做一些事。经过一番热烈的讨论后，我们同意制作一个视频以记录我们的校园经历。
2．(2015·广东高考写作)It is for these reasons that I_firmly_believe_that this rule will promote the learning atmosphere and our teamwork spirit.
正是由于这些原因我坚信这条规则将有利于营造我们的学习氛围并培养我们的团队精神。
3．(2015·浙江高考书面表达)Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while_I_had_an_idea_of_going_to a nicer place.
我的大多数同学想去公园，而我有一个想法去一个更好的地方。
4．In order to show the customs of our hometown, and enrich the students' cultural life,_our school has organized a photography exhibition with the theme of “Love my hometown”．
为了展示我们家乡的风俗习惯，丰富学生的文化生活，我们学校组织了主题为“爱我家乡”的摄影展。
5．It is an interesting and meaningful activity. When we are tired from studying, we can go to a beautiful place to_enjoy_the_beauty_of_nature,_breathe fresh air and relax ourselves.
这是一项有趣又有意义的活动。当我们学习疲劳时，我们可以去一个美丽的地方欣赏大自然的美、呼吸新鲜空气、放松自我。
6．Only when you devote_yourself_to_it can you enjoy the real pleasure of learning.
只有当你真正投入的时候，你才能体会到学习的真正乐趣。
三、构思话题写作
[题目要求]
假定你是李华，你校将于2018年6月15日在学校体育馆组织一次慈善义卖活动。请根据以下要点给你校外籍教师Mr. John写一封信，邀请他一起参加。
1．活动介绍(时间、地点等)；
2．活动意义；
3．盼回复参与意向。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：义卖活动 charity sale　体育馆 stadium
Dear Mr.John，
How is everything going？　

　

　

　

Yours，
Li Hua
[四步作文法]
第一步：审准题目不跑偏
1．体裁：本文为一封邀请信；
2．时态：本文时态以一般现在时为主；
3．人称：本文人称以第三人称为主。
第二步：核心要点须列全
1．我得知你热心于慈善活动，因此我写信邀请你与我们一起参加一个慈善义卖活动。
I have learned that you are enthusiastic about charity activities, so I'm_writing_to_invite you to_join_us in a charity sale.
2．活动将于2018年6月15日上午8点在学校体育馆举行，持续4个小时。
It will_be_held_at_the_school_stadium at 8：00 am on June 15th, 2018, lasting 4 hours.
3．这项活动不仅能提高我们的责任感，而且能培养我们设计和组织活动的能力。
This activity can improve our sense of responsibility and develop_our_ability to design and organize activities.
4．如果你能参加这次慈善义卖活动我将感激不尽。
I'd_appreciate_it_if you could take part in the charity sale.
第三步：高级句式亮人眼
用“not only ... but also ...”倒装句式升级句3
Not_only_can_this_activity_improve_our_sense_of_responsibility,_but_it_can_also_develop_our_ability_to_design_and_organize_activities.
第四步：衔接成文分数满
Dear Mr.John，
How is everything going? I_have_learned_that_you_are_enthusiastic about_charity activities, so I'm writing to invite you_to_join_us_in_a_charity_sale.
It_will_be_held_at_the_school_stadium_at_8：00_am_on_June_15th,_2018,_lasting_4_hours._Not_only_can_this_activity_improve_our_sense_of_responsibility,_but_it_can_also_develop_our_ability_to_design_and_organize_activities.
I'd_appreciate_it_if_you_could_take_part_in_the_charity_sale._Looking_forward_to_your_early_reply!
Yours，
Li Hua
(五)计划与愿望
一、默写话题词块
1．擅长　　　　　　　be_good_at
2．计算机科学 computer_science
3．大学毕业 graduate_from_college
4．有很长的路要走 have_a_long_way_to_go
5．开发软件 develop_software
6．努力去做某事 make_an_effort_to_do_sth.
7．检查某人 examine_sb.
8．把信息传送到…… send_information_to_...
9．精通英语 have_a_good_command_of_English
10．有学习经验 have_learning_experience
11．抱着……的希望 in_the_hope_that_...
12．为……做准备 make_preparations/arrangements for_...
13．即将到来 draw_near/around_the_corner/be
approaching/be_on_the_way/be_coming
14．为……节省或保留(钱或时间等)
set_aside
15．做一名志愿者 work_as_a_volunteer
二、完成话题佳句
1．(2017·浙江高考应用文写作)I plan_to_go_for_an_outing,_and I would like to invite you to participate.
我计划去郊游，我想邀请你参加。
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I am delighted to know you are interested in Tang poems. Now I'm_writing_to_tell_you_the_plan for the next class.
知道你对唐诗感兴趣我非常高兴，现在我写信告诉你下次上课的计划。
3．(2016·浙江高考书面表达)Planning is good as it decides in detail how_we_do_what_we_want_to_do. However, a plan can bear no fruit without being actually carried out.
计划是好的，因为它决定了我们如何去做我们想做的事情。然而一个计划如果没有实际执行，就不会有结果。
4．I have made up my mind to major_in_computer_science in the future.
我已下定决心将来主修计算机科学。
5．Last but not least, being_good_at_computer_science may help me find a good job after graduating from college.
最后但同等重要的是，擅长计算机科学可能有助于我大学毕业后找到一份好工作。
6．I will make a 10­day tour of America after my graduation from senior high school this summer, which will be a_good_chance_for_me_to_experience_American_culture and practice my oral English.
今年夏天高中毕业后，我将去美国进行为期10天的观光旅游，这将是一次体验美国文化、练习英语口语的好机会。
三、构思话题写作
[题目要求]
在成长的过程中，我们总是对未来从事的职业充满憧憬，你班将以“My dream career”为题举办演讲比赛。请你根据以下要求写一篇英语演讲稿，要点如下：
1．你的理想职业；
2．选择的理由；
3．实现的途径。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
My dream career
Good morning, everyone！　

　

　

　

　
Thank you for listening.
[四步作文法]
第一步：审准题目不跑偏
1．体裁：本文为一篇演讲稿；
2．时态：本文时态以一般现在时为主；
3．人称：本文人称以第一人称为主。
第二步：核心要点须列全
1．请允许我给你们做有关我未来将要从事的职业的演讲。
Please allow me to give_you_a_speech_on the career I will take up in the future.
2．毫无疑问，正如在场的每一个人一样，我对未来将要从事的职业有很大的期望。
Undoubtedly, I_have_great_expectation_for_the_future_job like everyone present.
3．我理想的职业是当一名旅游导游。
My dream career is to_be_a_tourist_guide.
4．从小我就一直崇拜走南闯北的导游。他们在欣赏壮丽风景的同时也分享当地的风俗习惯。
From my early age, I have been admiring a guide who_travels_everywhere. They share the knowledge of the local culture and customs and enjoy the brilliant landscapes at the same time.
5．只有通过努力工作我才能获得资格，才能为人民服务。
I can achieve the qualification and serve_the_people only by working hard.
第三步：高级句式亮人眼
1．用同位语从句升级句2
There_is_no_doubt_that_I_have_great_expectation_for_the_future_job_like_everyone_present.
2．用现在分词作状语合并升级句4
From_my_early_age,_I_have_been_admiring_a_guide_who_travels_everywhere,_sharing_the_knowledge_of_the_local_culture_and_customs_and_enjoying_the_brilliant_landscapes_at_the_same_time.
3．用倒装句式升级句5
Only_by_working_hard_can_I_achieve_the_qualification_and_serve_the_people.
第四步：衔接成文分数满
My dream career
Good morning, everyone! Today,_please_allow_me_to_give_you_a_speech_on_the_career_I_will_take_up_in_the_future.
There_is_no_doubt_that_I_have_great_expectation_for_the_future_job_like_everyone_present.And_my_dream_career_is_to_be_a_tourist_guide._From_my_early_age,_I_have_been_admiring_a_guide_who_travels_everywhere,_sharing_the_knowledge_of_the_local_culture_and_customs_and_enjoying_the_brilliant_landscapes_at_the_same_time.__Only_by_working_hard_can_I_achieve_the_qualification_and_serve_the_people.
Thank you for listening.
(六)个人情况
一、默写话题词块
1．乐意做某事　　　　　be_willing_to_do_sth.
2．受到高度评价 be_highly_thought_of
3．对……非常感兴趣 show/take_great_interest_in
4．与某人交流没有困难 have_no_difficulty_in_talking
with_sb.
5．认为……是…… regard/consider/treat_..._as_...
6．在……获得一些经验 get_some_experience_in
7．适应新环境 adapt_to_the_new_environment
8．为……做出好榜样 set_a_good_example_to
9．从事兼职工作 take_part­time_jobs
10．开朗乐观 open­minded_and_optimistic
11．谦虚诚实 modest_and_honest
12．渴望做某事 be_eager_to_do_sth.
13．献身于；致力于 devote_oneself_to
14．对……做出巨大贡献 make_great_contributions_to
15．积极参加 take_an_active_part_in
二、完成话题佳句
1．(2017·天津高考书面表达)Actually, I've been doing pretty well in my studies as well as in my life. Apart from my academic studies, I always manage_to_find_time_for_what_I'm interested_in.
实际上，我在学习和生活上一直都做得很好。除了我的课程学习之外，我总是设法找时间来做我感兴趣的事情。
2．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Moreover, by doing the part­time job I can get some precious experience so that I can better adapt to the development and changes of society.
此外，通过做兼职工作，我能够得到一些宝贵的经验以便于我可以更好地适应社会的发展和变化。
3．(2015·陕西高考书面表达)I think I am qualified for the job, because I am independent in life and have_a_good_knowledge_of_English.
我认为自己能胜任这项工作，因为我生活独立，精通英语。
4．Meanwhile, it is my independence that makes it easy for me to_adapt_to_a_new environment.
同时，正是我的独立性才使我很容易适应新的环境。
5．My name is Li Hua, a student of 16 from No. 1 Middle School of the city. I am_writing_to_apply_to_work_for the International Trade Fair as a volunteer.
我是市一中16岁的学生李华，我写信申请担任国际贸易博览会的一名志愿者。
6．I'm a student who will graduate from a high school. I've learnt English for 10 years and I can speak English fluently, but I wonder_if_there_are_any_further_requirements.
我是一名即将高中毕业的学生。我学了十年英语并且会说一口流利的英语，但是我还是想知道是否还有更多的要求。
三、构思话题写作
[题目要求]
你校的外教Mr.Pearson开设了一个英语辅导班(English Tutorial)，可根据学生的实际需要进行辅导。报名者须根据个人实际情况提出申请并选择辅导内容。假如你是新华中学的高三学生李明，请你给外教写一封电子邮件申请加入辅导班。内容主要包括：
1．介绍个人情况；
2．说明辅导意向(如口语、语法、写作、文化知识等其中的一项或几项)；
3．表达愿望。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr. Pearson，
I am writing to apply for the membership of the English Tutorial.　

　

　

　

　

Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Ming
[四步作文法]
第一步：审准题目不跑偏
1．体裁：本文为一封申请信；
2．时态：本文时态以一般现在时为主；
3．人称：本文人称以第一人称为主。
第二步：核心要点须列全
1．我认为这是一个提高我的英语技能的好机会。
I think it_is_a_good_chance_for_me_to_improve my English skills.
2．我已经学习英语近六年了，我仍然没有掌握好它。
I have_been_learning_English for nearly six years. I'm still not good at it.
3．我觉得语法很难，我必须花很多时间在上面。
I find grammar is difficult. I must spend_much_time_on_it.
4．我们没有机会练习英语口语。
We have_no_chance to practice oral English.
5．我确信，在你的帮助下，我的语法和英语口语可以大大提高。
I'm convinced that my grammar and oral English can_be_greatly_improved with_your_help.
第三步：高级句式亮人眼
1．用though引导的让步状语从句升级句2
Though_I_have_been_learning_English_for_nearly_six_years,_I'm_still_not_good_at_it.
2．用“so ... that”引导的状语从句升级句3
I_find_grammar_is_so_difficult_that_I_must_spend_much_time_on_it.
第四步：衔接成文分数满
Dear Mr. Pearson，
I am writing to apply for the membership of the English Tutorial. I_think_it_is_a_good chance for_me_to_improve_my_English_skills.
Though_I_have_been_learning_English_for_nearly_six_years,_I'm_still_not_good_at_it._I_find_grammar_is_so_difficult_that_I_must_spend_much_time_on_it._In_addition,_we_have_no_chance_to_practice_oral_English_in_class._As_a_result,_I_can't_get_my_ideas_across_to_others_in_English._Therefore,_I_hope_I_can_be_a_member_of_the_English_Tutorial._I'm_convinced_that_my_grammar_and_oral_English_can_be_greatly_improved_with_your_help.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Ming
(七)兴趣与爱好
一、默写话题词块
1．对……着迷　　　　　　be_crazy_about
2．喜欢…… be_fond_of_...
3．在某人的业余时间 in_one's_spare_time
4．良师益友 wise_teachers_as_well_as good_friends
5．知识和力量的源泉 the_source_of_knowledge and_power
6．从……中获益 benefit_from
7．我的最爱 my_favourite
8．既有趣又有教育意义 both_fun_and_instructive
9．提高某人的……能力 improve_one's_power_of_...
10．上网 surf_the_Internet
11．对做某事有强烈的愿望 have_a_strong_desire_to_do_sth.
12．培养在……方面的兴趣 develop_an_interest_in_...
13．喜欢流行音乐 enjoy_popular_music
14．对……有鉴赏力 have_an_eye_for_...
15．放松而又精力充沛 get_relaxed_and_refreshed
二、完成话题佳句
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Actually I am very fond of Tang poems. I think it_great_fun_to_learn_the_poems written in the Tang Dynasty with you.
实际上，我非常喜爱唐诗。我认为和你一起学习唐朝时所写的诗会很有趣。
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I know you are very interested in ping­pong, which is regarded as the National Ball Sport of China, so you'd_better_take_this_opportunity_to join_our school team.
我知道你对乒乓球很感兴趣，它被认为是中国的国球，因此你最好抓住这次机会加入我们学校的球队。
3．(2016·北京高考书面表达)It's_great_to_hear_from_you. I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese history.
很高兴收到你的来信。知道你对中国历史感兴趣我很自豪。
4．I enjoy my hobby. It offers me an opportunity to_do_something_interesting_and_creative. Meanwhile, it provides me with pleasure.
我享受着我的爱好。它给我提供一个做既有趣又有创意的事情的机会，同时它还让我快乐。
5．My favorite hobby is reading_books_and_newspapers,_which has become a necessary part of my daily life.
我最喜欢读书看报，这已经成为我日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。
6．The reason why most people like traveling is that they can feel_the_beauty_of_the_nature and breathe the fresh air at the same time.
许多人喜欢旅游是因为他们可以感受大自然的美景，同时也可以呼吸新鲜的空气。
三、构思话题写作
[题目要求]
假设你是李华，最近你校根据学生的爱好和兴趣，开展了许多课外活动。请你用英语给校报写一封建议信，内容应包括：
1．介绍你感兴趣的活动，说明原因及这些活动带给你的益处；
2．请你就如何选择课外活动提出建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．信的格式已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear editor，
　

　

　

　
Yours，
Li Hua
[四步作文法]
第一步：审准题目不跑偏
1．体裁：本文为一封建议信；
2．时态：本文时态以一般现在时为主；
3．人称：本文人称以第一人称为主。
第二步：核心要点须列全
1．如今，课外活动在高中正变得越来越受欢迎。
Nowadays, after­class activities are_becoming_increasingly_popular in senior high school.
2．我对英语角感兴趣，它不仅可以帮助我结交一些新朋友，也可以提高我的英语口语。
I'm interested in the English Corner. It can help me make some new friends and improve_my_spoken_English.
3．我喜欢阳光电台，在那里我会有令人难忘的经历并结交许多好朋友。
I'm fond of the Sunshine Radio Station. There I can have an unforgettable experience and make many good friends.
4．我希望成为一名主持人的梦想有一天会成为现实。
I hope my dream of being a host may_come_true_one_day.
5．如果你想参加课外活动，我有一些建议。
If you want to take_part_in_after­class_activities,_I have some suggestions.
第三步：高级句式亮人眼
1．用because引导的状语从句升级句2，并用“not only ... but also ...”连接
I'm_interested_in_the_English_Corner_because_it_can_not_only_help_me_make_some_new_friends_but_also_improve_my_spoken_English.
2．用定语从句升级句3
I'm fond of the Sunshine Radio Station, where I can have an unforgettable experience and make many good friends.
第四步：衔接成文分数满
Dear editor，
Nowadays,_after­class_activities_are_becoming_increasingly_popular_in_senior_high_school._I'm_interested_in_the_English_Corner_because_it_can_not_only_help_me_make_some_new_friends_but_also_improve_my_spoken_English.In_addition,_I'm_fond_of_the_Sunshine_Radio_Station,_where_I_can_have_an_unforgettable_experience_and_make_many_good_friends._I_hope_my_dream_of_being_a_host_may_come_true_one_day.
If_you_want_to_take_part_in_after­class_activities,_I_have_some_suggestions._First,_you_had_better_choose_the_activity_which_you_like_best._Second,_try_to_make_the_best_of_your_interest.
Yours，
Li Hua
(八)体育与健康
一、默写话题词块
1．参加体育锻炼　　　　take_physical_exercise
2．依赖健康的体魄 depend_on_good_health
3．对……有好处 do_good_to
4．养成健康的饮食习惯 develop_a_healthy_eating_habit
5．增强某人的体质 build_up_one's_strength/body
6．有足够的精力学习 have_enough_energy_to_study
7．远离疾病 keep_the_illness_away
8．报名 sign_up
9．刷新世界纪录 set_a_new_world_record
10．成为国家的骄傲 become_the_pride_of_the_nation
11．在……方面竞争 compete_in
12．身心健康 physical_and_mental_health
13．全力以赴 go_all_out
14．不仅是一项运动而且是一门艺术
not_only_a_sport_but_also_an_art
15．使某人放松 make_sb._relaxed
二、完成话题佳句
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Athletes from our school team have_won_many_gold_medals of table tennis contests in recent years and the coaching team is also very professional.
来自我们学校球队的队员近年来赢得了很多乒乓球比赛的金牌，并且教练团队也是很专业的。
2．(2017·天津高考书面表达)For example, I have successfully got admitted as a volunteer for the 13th National Games, which_is_scheduled_to_be_held_at_the_end_of_this_August.
例如，我已成功当选为第十三届全运会的志愿者，这次全运会将计划在八月底举办。
3．I'm Li Hua, president of the Students' Union of our school. I am writing to call_on_you_to_take_physical_exercise_regularly.
我是学校学生会主席李华，我写信号召你们有规律地参加体育锻炼。
4．There are many benefits of taking physical exercise. Firstly, physical exercise can help to protect us from disease and build up our body. Secondly, it can also make_us_relaxed_and_happy.
参加体育锻炼有许多好处。首先，体育锻炼帮助我们远离疾病，使我们增强体质；其次，也使我们放松和快乐。
5．Not only does_exercise_improve_our_health but also makes us cheerful and raises our learning efficiency.
锻炼不仅能改善我们的健康状况，而且使我们精神愉悦并提高学习效率。
6．As far as I'm concerned, we should_develop_a_healthy_eating_habit to build up our strength. Only in this way can we have enough energy to study.
我认为，为了增强体质，我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。只有这样我们才能有足够的精力学习。
三、构思话题写作
[题目要求]
假如你是李华。上周你们学校举行了秋季运动会，请给你的美国笔友Jack写一封回信，介绍你参加运动会的情况和感受。
写作要点如下：
1．运动会项目多、组织好；
2．你参加比赛的情况；
3．你对这次运动会的感受。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头及结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jack，
How nice to hear from you again！　

　

　

　

Yours truly，
Li Hua
[四步作文法]
第一步：审准题目不跑偏
1．体裁：本文为一封书信；
2．时态：本文时态以一般过去时为主；
3．人称：本文人称以第一人称为主。
第二步：核心要点须列全
1．让我来告诉你一些上周在我们学校举行的运动会的情况。
Let me tell_you_something_about the sports meeting. It was held in our school last week.
2．有许多可供选择的比赛项目，例如：篮球、羽毛球、400米等等。
There were a number of events to_choose_from,_such as basketball, badminton, 400 metres and so on.
3．每个运动员尽最大努力为班级赢得荣誉。
Each player tried his best to_win_honor_for his class.
4．我参加了400米比赛，最终我第三个通过了终点线。
I took part in the 400 metres and finally I was the_third_one_who_passed_the_finishing_line.
5．运动会很成功，我希望将来可以组织更多这类活动。
The sports meeting was a great success and I hope more activities like this can_be_organized_in_the_future.
第三步：高级句式亮人眼
用过去分词作定语升级句1
Let_me_tell_you_something_about_the_sports_meeting_held_in_our_school_last_week.
第四步：衔接成文分数满
Dear Jack，
How nice to hear from you again！Let_me_tell_you_something_about_the sports_meeting held in_our_school_last_week.
The_sports_meeting_was_well­organized._There_were_a_number_of_events_to_choose_from,_such_as_basketball,_badminton,_400_metres_and_so_on._Each_player_tried_his_best_to_win_honor_for_his_class._I_took_part_in_the_400_metres_and_finally_I_was_the_third_one_who_passed_the_finishing_line.
All_in_all,_the_sports_meeting_was_a_great_success_and_I_hope_more_activities_like_this_can_be_organized_in_the_future.
Yours truly，
Li Hua
第2讲读后续写

(2017·6月浙江高考)阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
On a bright, warm July afternoon, Mac Hollan, a primary school teacher, was cycling from his home to Alaska with his friends. One of his friends had stopped to make a bicycle repair, but they had encouraged Mac to carry on, and they would catch up with him soon. As Mac pedaled (骑行) along alone, he thought fondly of his wife and two young daughters at home. He hoped to show them this beautiful place someday.
Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him. “Man, that's a big dog！” he thought. But when he looked to the side, he saw instantly that it wasn't a dog at all, but a wolf,_quickly catching up with him.
Mac's heart jumped. He found out his can of bear spray. With one hand on the bars, he fired the spray at the wolf. A bright red cloud enveloped the animal, and to Mac's relief, it fell back, shaking its head. But a minute later, it was by his side again. Then it attacked the back of Mac's bike, tearing open his tent bag. He fired at the wolf a second time, and again, it fell back only to quickly restart the chase (追赶)．
Mac was pedaling hard now. He waved and yelled at passing cars but was careful not to slow down. He saw a steep uphill climb before him. He knew that once he hit the hill, he'd be easily caught up and the wolf's teeth would be tearing into his flesh.
At this moment, Paul and Becky were driving their car on their way to Alaska. They didn't think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of the road. A bit later, they spotted what they, too, assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike. As they got closer, they realized that the dog was a wolf. Mac heard a large vehicle behind him. He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast, just a dozen yards away now.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
The car abruptly stopped in front of him.　

　

　
　
Paragraph 2：
A few minutes later, the other two cyclists arrived.
　

　
　
[写作思路]
(1)本文主要讲述了Mac在骑车前往阿拉斯加的途中被一匹狼追赶的故事。考生要注意几个关键信息和情节变化：Mac与朋友骑行→朋友的自行车坏了，让Mac先行→Mac独自骑行，欣赏风景→被狼追赶，最初误以为是狗→加快骑行速度，与狼斗智斗勇→Paul和Becky开车路过，看到了这一幕……，续写由此展开。
(2)续写材料第一段所给的首句是“The car abruptly stopped in front of him.”，在行文过程中应抓住关键词语“the car stopped”，再发挥丰富的想象，把Paul和Becky停车后如何在千钧一发之际拯救Mac的过程写得趣味横生又合乎情理。
(3)第二段所给的首句是“A few minutes later, the other two cyclists arrived.”起承上启下的作用。Mac的两个朋友到达之后看到、听到并做了什么。最后应该提炼些思想性和体现价值观的传递正能量的元素(如关爱生命、珍惜友谊、互助合作或感激等)，以提升文章的档次。
(4)对所标出的关键词语进行分类并选择性地加以有效利用。如表示人物的Mac, Paul, friends；表示事物的home, wolf, bicycle, cars；表示动作的jumped, pedaled。同时需要注意画线单词climb在文中为名词，意为“山”，还可作动词，意为“爬；攀登”。
[范文示例]
Paragraph 1：
The car abruptly stopped in front of him. Mac jumped off his bicycle and dashed for the back door of the car. It was locked. He ran around to the passenger door, but it was locked, too, so he began to climb through the open window. Paul quickly unlocked the door so as to let Mac in, and the frightened man dived in, shutting the door behind him. Paul looked out of the back window and saw the wolf standing over Mac's bicycle as if it were a kill. Shortly after，the animal ran off.
Paragraph 2：
A few minutes later, the other two cyclists arrived. Mac jumped out of the car and hugged Paul.“I thought I was going to die！” Mac told him. He returned to his bicycle, and restarted their road trip with his friends,_agreeing to keep in one another's sight line. A few miles down the road, Mac pulled over and cried.“The rest of the trip was amazing, but I had to let that emotion out.”,[范文赏析]
该续写紧紧抓住所给材料的内容，根据开头语和所标出的关键词语进行了合理的想象，续写内容与所给材料完全整合一体。
(1)文章中使用了大量的高级句型，如：连词and, but和so引导的并列句，句子中使用非谓语动词，as if从句，宾语从句等，同时也使用了许多高级词汇，如：jump off, dash for, dive in, look out of, shortly after, run off, jump out of, return to, pull over, let out等。
(2)从语篇结构看，根据所给关键词语叙述时，紧扣文章主旨，想象合理、准确，行文流畅。
一、读后续写技法指导
(一)题型特点
1．命题特点
读后续写是一种将阅读与写作紧密结合的考查形式，旨在考查考生的综合语言运用能力。其所提供的语言材料的体裁以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主。文章题材多样，但多为情节丰富的小故事，趣味性和逻辑性较强。该试题具有一定的开放性，要求考生详细且生动地描述情景、态度和情感。
2．考查能力
读后续写就是阅读完一篇还未写完的文章之后，根据要求和提示把这篇文章未写完部分补充完整，使之浑然一体。其考查特点具体体现在以下四个方面：
(1)考查考生把握短文关键信息和语言特点的能力。
(2)考查考生语言运用的准确性和丰富性。
(3)考查考生对语篇结构的把控能力。
(4)考查考生的创造性思维能力。
(二)解题策略及方法
1．续写策略
(1)读后续写不是随心所欲地写，而是要在所给段落开头语和所标示关键词的帮助下完成续写部分。其中，段落开头语与传统写作中的开头语类似，在某种程度上引导你的思路向哪方面发展，所续写部分不能脱离各自的段落开头语另起炉灶，要在其基础上进行拓展发挥。《考试说明》还规定应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语，这些关键词语类似于传统写作中的要点提示。
(2)续写所给语言材料多是记叙文之故事类文章，情节曲折跌宕，线索性和逻辑性较强。考生要抓住故事的叙事线索，依据原文的写作思路续写文章，并适当发散。
(3)读后续写要求读写并重，需要考生对给定材料精确理解，这样所续写部分才不至于偏离主题。
(4)续写部分的思路和内容并不一定是唯一的，考生可以根据自己对上文材料的理解，对文章的结尾做出不同的诠释。
2．续写步骤
(1)精读文章，确定文章线索。通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等，这样有利于考生“顺藤摸瓜(结尾)”。
(2)仔细审读，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的“注意”都有对所续写短文的具体要求，仔细审读这些要求，考生就可以做到“心中有数”。
(3)回扣原文，揣摩续写思路。根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合续写段段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结合文章中标有下划线的关键词语，确定续写段落的内容。
(4)拟写草稿，修改错词病句。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过正确使用句与句之间的连接词，使上下文连贯。
二、读后续写精讲精析
Passage 1
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I was touched through experiences, memories, books, stories, animals, angels, and most of all other people. People have moved me and molded (塑造) me with moments of love and examples of kindness.
One time on the day before Christmas many years ago when I was a minimum wage mill worker, I found myself with very little money and very little time to buy my small children a few simple toys. I knew that they would have to be cheap ones and I hoped my children would like them. I hated not having enough to give them more. I hated being poor. And I hated feeling bad at Christmas rather than happy.
I pulled_into a store parking lot and counted my money again. It wasn't much but maybe I could get something small with it. As I was getting out of the car I noticed the Salvation Army bell_ringer (撞钟人) at the entrance. I felt bad again because I didn't feel I could spare anything to give him. I started walking towards the entrance when two cars pulled into empty parking spots in front of me. The first was a shiny, new Cadillac and I felt kind of jealous when I saw it. “How nice，” I thought, “would it be to have enough money to buy a car like that.” The second car, though, was an ancient sedan more beat­up (破旧的) and rusty than the one I was driving.
A man hopped out of the Cadillac and hurried into the store right past the bell ringer without a second glance. Out of the old sedan came a young mother with three small children in tow. Her clothes looked as worn out as her car, yet she stopped in front of the bell ringer, smiled, opened her purse,_and dropped a bill in his red kettle.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
I stood there for a minute in astonishment.　

　

　
Paragraph 2：
In that second a warmth touched me, my jealousy and hatred left me, and all the love and joy that are Christmas filled me.　

　

　
[写作指导]
1．短文大意：
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位收入很低的母亲，当圣诞节来临时，她很为孩子们的礼物犯愁。在商店外面时，她看到两辆对比鲜明的轿车，一辆是凯迪拉克豪车，另一辆是破旧的轿车。可是让她惊讶的是豪车车主对救世军撞钟人的募捐活动熟视无睹，倒是那位旧车车主慷慨解囊。
2．短文结构分析：
短文分为四个部分。
第一部分(第一段)：导入段，为下文故事做铺垫；
第二部分(第二段)：作者谈论自己不喜欢过圣诞节的原因——自己收入低，不能给孩子买像样的礼物；
第三部分(第三段)：谈遇到救世军撞钟人，自己无法献爱心，以及遇到两个对比鲜明的车的感受；
第四部分(第四段)：对两位车主不同举动的对比描述。
3．续写思路构建：
Paragraph 1: I stood there for a minute in astonishment.
我一时间惊奇地站在那里。
►情节分析　由所续写段首句状语关键词“in astonishment”可知续写时要注意作者的内心变化，下文应描述她所看到的景象中哪些方面使她感到惊讶，由羡慕豪车的主人到最后看到他和开旧车的女士对待爱心捐助的不同行为之后进行的思考，以及内心对两位人物不同的评价等。
Paragraph 2: In that second a warmth touched me, my jealousy and hatred left me, and all the love and joy that are Christmas filled me.
在那一刻，温暖触动了我，嫉妒和憎恨远离了我，我的心中充满了属于圣诞节的那种爱与快乐。
►情节分析　第二段续写继续围绕作者自己内心的感受来写，注意分析上下文以及关键词“all the love and joy”，写出圣诞节的精神——给予和奉献，作者自己要向那位开旧车的女士学习，为穷人献爱心，因此续写要体现作者自己是怎样献爱心的，然后再承接前文讲的为孩子买礼物犯愁的事情。
[我的习作]
　

　

　

　
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
I stood there for a minute in astonishment. “Maybe，” I thought to myself, “it's better to be rich on the inside instead of the outside.” That rich man should have done something to help the poor, but he didn't. Sometimes it was really wrong to judge a person by his or her appearance. I really had respect for the poor mother from the bottom of my heart. She set a good example for her children to follow.
Paragraph 2：
In that second a warmth touched me, my jealousy and hatred left me, and all the love and joy that are Christmas filled me. I fished a bill out of my own purse,_dropped it in the Salvation Army kettle,_and wished the bell_ringer a merry Christmas. I found a few fun things to give my kids and drove home with my heart singing. I knew it was going to be a wonderful Christmas. I could hardly wait to see my children enjoying the presents bought for them, including a special gift — love for those in need.
Passage 2
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I just finished reading a story about a school administrator who was once a middle school teacher in a large American city. She had a life­changing experience that I can identify_with too.
After dinner one evening, she was waiting to get on the elevator and when the doors opened, she was face to face with a former student who she had made leave school. The student was not allowed to return and now, several years later, she was faced_with the same student.
He had brought a BB gun to school. There were zero tolerance rules in place in the school. A BB gun, though not a deadly weapon, could still do a lot of bodily harm and perhaps it could prove dangerous. The fact is, the school was no place for it to be brought. The student was expelled (开除) and told not to come back.
She and the student, immediately recognized each other and he offered a pleasant greeting to her as he stepped_out_of the elevator. He had in fact joined the military academy and was about to take the SAT to enter college. She was thankful that his life had not gone in_a_different_direction and that he wasn't in_jail. He had a positive outlook on his life and a plan to pursue something good in his future.
Yesterday, I was in a grade 1 high school class teaching TOEFL Speaking. Tony was sitting in the first row. I noticed that before class, Tony had slightly kicked a desk and was obviously upset about something. I also know that he has a girlfriend in the class and I quickly concluded that they'd had an argument. I know that it is silly of him to act that way or perhaps even have a girlfriend at that age. Nevertheless,_he does and this little drama was unfolding even before class began.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
I was also sensitive to the fact that he likely wasn't ready to stand up and answer the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class.　

　

　
Paragraph 2：
I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom and knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him.　

　

　
[写作指导]
1．短文大意：
本文是一篇记叙文。作者首先分享了一个故事：一位老师遇到以前被自己开除的学生，学生被开除的原因是他把BB枪带进了校园。出乎意料的是这个学生目前在军校读书，而且积极向上。然后作者讲述了在自己的课堂上遇到的一件事。
2．短文结构分析：
短文分为五个部分。
第一部分(第一段)：导入段，关键词为a life­changing experience that I can identify with too (我与之共鸣的改变生活的经历)；
第二部分(第二段)：一位老师遇到了以前自己开除的一个学生；
第三部分(第三段)：学生被开除的原因是把违禁物品BB枪带进了校园。
第四部分(第四段)：介绍师生见面时学生的反应以及学生目前的状况；
第五部分(第五段)：作者讲述了自己在课堂上的故事：一个学生可能因个人感情问题闹情绪。
3．续写思路构建：
Paragraph 1: I was also sensitive to the fact that he likely wasn't ready to stand up and answer the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class.
我也意识到这一事实，他可能不愿意站起来回答我给同学们提出的托福问题。
►情节分析　从短文内容可知故事应围绕师生之间的事情展开。注意续写第一段提示语部分关键词“学生可能不愿意站起来回答问题”，面对这种情况，老师该如何选择呢，是像上文提到的老师那样严厉对待学生，还是想其他办法呢？故下文应为作者作为老师的心理斗争。
Paragraph 2: I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom and knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him.
我从教时间已经够长的了，能够看透每个学生的心思，所以知道他需要一些时间放松、镇定下来，然后我再让他回答问题。
►情节分析　注意本段所给开头句子“knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him”，续写第二段提示语表明要等到他镇定下来后再提问他，因此接下来要描述何时提问的，以及提问的结果如何，最后通过对比两个故事谈作者自己的感受。所以下文续写应是谈自己的具体做法，最后结合全文，和作者前面听到的故事产生联系，讲述对待学生要具体问题具体分析。
[我的习作]
　

　

　

　

　

参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
I was also sensitive to the fact that he likely wasn't ready to stand up and answer the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class. So, I thought I'd give him a few minutes to regain himself. If I didn't feel that he had recovered from his anger and upset, I might even skip him yesterday. There were two voices in my head when faced_with such a situation. One said, “MAKE him do it！” The other said, “Listen to your heart.” Thankfully,_I listened to my heart.
Paragraph 2：
I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom and knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him. I left him almost to the last one and he surprised me and did better than expected. Listening to my heart instead of making it hard on him, proved to be the right thing to do. Not only did Tony get the opportunity to receive some grace and understanding, but I also concluded that a teacher needs to be strong and demanding sometimes. Nevertheless,_there are also times that the teacher needs to be in touch with the emotional needs of the students and listen to the voice of the heart.
Passage 3
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Be kind to others. I realize this is simple and very basic. However, it is necessary and it does make a difference. I often have people who cross my daily path to whom I can show kindness. It is often just a smile. A smile often says, “I see you. You aren't invisible to me. You_are_important.” People need someone to care about them.
I read a story many years ago about a man who had decided to commit_suicide. He'd lost a fortune, his family and nearly everything he owned. He went to a local pawn shop to buy a gun. He planned to take the gun back to his apartment in New York City and kill himself.
As he was getting on the elevator, a little old_lady was slowly getting on too. She had a small cart she was pulling behind her and was having a little trouble getting it into the elevator. He said that he was actually a bit angry because he wanted to hurry_up,_get to his apartment and end his own life. He reached_out_to the old lady's cart and forced it as it had become stuck. He got it free easily and she got on the elevator.
After the door closed, she looked up at him with a big smile and said, “If we had more young men like you in this world, the world would be a better place. You are so kind to help. Such a sweet young man.”
Of course, it changed his thought of going back to kill himself. He wanted to go around New York and find people that he could help and people who were struggling even with something that was as small as the little old lady's cart.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
That day, his life changed.　

　

　
Paragraph 2：
Later, he enjoyed great success in his work and life.
　

　
[写作指导]
1．短文大意：
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过一个小故事彰显与人为善的重要性。一位年轻人几乎失去了一切， 所以决定自杀。他在乘电梯时遇到一位老太太，老太太行动迟缓，手推车卡在了电梯口。年轻人为了能快点到家结束自己的生命，随手帮了老太太一把，受到了老太太的赞扬。谁料想老太太的赞扬竟然改变了年轻人想要自杀的想法。
2．短文结构分析：
短文分为四个部分。
第一部分(第一段)：导入段，提出主题“善待他人”；
第二部分(第二段)：讲述年轻人想要自杀；
第三部分(第三、四段)：讲述年轻人和老太太的相遇，他如何帮老太太以及老太太的反应；
第四部分(第五段)：事情出现了转折，年轻人不再想自杀，而是想帮助他人。
3．续写思路构建：
Paragraph 1: That day, his life changed.
那一天，他的生活发生了改变。
►情节分析　注意续写段首句关键词“his life changed”，故要围绕变化写，续写还要考虑文章首段提到的“Be kind to others.”以及文中提到的“commit suicide”这一社会现象，并综合他自杀的原因：失去财富、工作、家庭等。还要提及他的想法变化的原因：kindness。因此续写第一段应该写做好事给他带来的变化。
Paragraph 2: Later, he enjoyed great success in his work and life.
后来，他在工作和生活上非常成功。
►情节分析　第二段继续写具体在哪方面发生的变化，写作时注意关键词Later, enjoyed, success, work and life，即下文应该写将来的事情，要围绕工作和生活两个方面来写。
[我的习作]
　

　

　

　

　
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
That day, his life changed. He started sharing his story with others and soon, he found himself being a popular spokesperson for the prevention of suicide. His remedy for preventing suicide was simply this. He said, “If you want to end your life, your last few hours should consist of doing five small acts of kindness for other people. It will change you and you'll wake up to the goodness in this world and decide that you want to live.”
Paragraph 2：
Later, he enjoyed great success in his work and life. He finally landed a job in a company with an income of about $4,000 a month. He also helped a girl who wanted to commit_suicide and finally got married to her! Now he has a happy family of three all because of the small act of kindness he showed to the little old_lady. He finds himself living with more purposes and living a happier life than before. Whenever possible, he will reach_out_to those in trouble in life.
第3讲概要写作
一、概要写作技法指导
(一)题型特点
1．命题特点
概要写作属于限制性写作。它是阅读理解和书面表达的有机结合。所给短文的文体以说明文、议论文为主。概要写作旨在考查考生的阅读理解能力和概括运用英语语言知识的能力。
2．题型分析
概要写作实质上是对所给文章的简要概括，归纳出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。进行概要写作时，考生要把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表达出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心。
(二)解题策略及方法
1．写作步骤
(1)细读原文。首先要仔细阅读所给短文，准确理解文章主旨和结构，归纳段落大意。
(2)弄清要求。概要写作是写全文的概要，不是写某一部分的概要，也不是单就某些问题写出要点。
(3)列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项简明扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
2．写作方法
(1)速读语言材料，弄清文章寓意
快速阅读所给文章，弄清文章体裁、明确文章主旨大意，采集分层信息点。
(2)整合分层信息，确定写作要点
运用构词法、上下文措辞技巧对文章信息整合再造，分层概括表述。采用适当的词法、句法等语言知识确定写作任务的点睛句，把握写作任务要点。
(3)牢记词数要求，使用地道表达
明确写作词数的上下限、采用高级或精简句式浓缩多个信息点于一句中，高度概括所给文章内容。弄清写作任务中的人称和时态，准确、地道地表达，充分展示语言的表现力。
二、概要写作精讲精析
Passage 1
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
We've reached a strange — some would say unusual — point. While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO), more people now die from being overweight than from being underweight. It's the good life that's more likely to kill us these days.
Worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight. What's going on?
We really don't have many excuses for our weight problems. The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public­health campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting through — up to a point.
In the 1970s, Finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause. Not any more. A public­health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 percent over the past three decades.
Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005, and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body. No wonder it ranks as the world's most body­conscious country.
We know what we should be doing to lose weight — but actually doing it is another matter. By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise. More than half of us admit we lack willpower.
Others blame good food. They say: it's just too inviting and it makes them overeat. Some also blame their parents — their genes. But unfortunately, the parents are wronged because they're normal in shape, or rather slim.
It's a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. Parents are eager to see their kids shape up. Do as I say — not as I do.
[写作指导]
1．提炼主题(或寻找关键词)：
本文是一篇议论文。文章以论证的方式说明了优质生活导致的肥胖问题给人们的健康带来的危害，呼吁人们积极行动远离肥胖，不要再找借口。
2．短文结构分析：
全文分为四个部分。
第一部分(第一、二段)：优质生活成了人们健康的杀手；
第二部分(第三、四段)：始于2001年的公众健康运动让人们意识到肥胖的危害以及在减少肥胖方面所起的作用；
第三部分(第五、六段)：人们采取消极行动去减肥；
第四部分(第七、八段)：人们不要再找借口，应该积极采取行动远离肥胖。
3．要点提炼：
要点1: Good life becomes the killer of our health.
要点2: People have gradually realized the dangers of overweight.
要点3：They took some negative measures to lose weight.
要点4：People should act positively to lost weight.
[我的习作]
　
　

　

　

　参考范文：
Nowadays, good life becomes the killer of our health. (要点1) Since 2001, people have gradually realized the dangers of overweight by public­health campaigns. (要点2) But they took some negative measures to lose weight. (要点3) Although there are some excuses like lacking of exercise, good food or genes, people should act positively to lost weight. (要点4)
Passage 2
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Dogs come in a variety of shapes and sizes, but one thing is for sure: They are really man's best friends. In fact, over 56 million households own at least one dog, making them the most common pets in America. And it's no surprise why.
Dogs are incredibly loyal, and become emotionally attached to their owners. Though dogs understand humans are, in fact, not dogs, they do think of their owners as members of their family. They'll be just as excited to see you after a long day of work as any kid would be to see their mother or father.
They're also incredibly intelligent (despite some of the ridiculous situations they get themselves into). With time and effort, you can teach them to obey commands, and, of course, to do all sorts of fun tricks.
However, dogs are incredibly high maintenance animals in many different ways. Dogs get used to a certain schedule, and they stick to it. Of course, this schedule is their own, and might not exactly suit your human timetable. If they're used to going out to relieve themselves at a certain time, you'd better be able to let them out, or they won't hesitate to leave a mess on your rug.
Speaking of messes, have you ever seen a dog wipe his feet after coming inside from the rain? They don't. So, again, you need to be there with a towel to clean your dog off before he tracks paw prints all over the house.
Most importantly, dogs require a lot of attention. I have mentioned they are emotionally intelligent, which is a bonus when you need a friend to pal around with. But they can also be pretty noisy, especially during times when you might want to be left alone.
Basically, owning a dog is like having a toddler for twelve to fifteen years. You should definitely know what you're in for if you're thinking of adopting a puppy.
[写作指导]
1．提炼主题(或寻找关键词)：
本文是一篇说明文。本文的关键词：狗(dog)；最好的朋友(best friends)；最常见的宠物( the most common pets)；原因(why)。
2．短文结构分析：
全文分为四个部分。
第一部分(第一段)：导入话题，狗是人类最好的朋友，也是美国最常见的宠物；
第二部分(第二、三段)：讲述狗是人类最好的朋友、最常见的宠物的原因(难以置信的忠诚和聪明)；
第三部分(第四至六段)：说明养狗需要注意的问题(固定日程表、清理卫生、需要关注)；
第四部分(第七段)：养狗就像养孩子，需要十二到十五年。
3．要点提炼：
要点 1: Dogs are man's best friends and the most common pets in the USA.
要点2: Dogs are very loyal and intelligent.
要点 3: Dogs are incredibly high maintenance animals.
要点 4: Keeping a dog is just like having a kid for twelve to fifteen years.
[我的习作]

　

　

　

　参考范文：
Dogs are man's best friend and the most common pet in the USA. (要点1) They are very emotionally loyal to their master and they are very intelligent animals. (要点2) However, keeping dogs needs a lot of work, including cleaning for them, having a fixed schedule for them and paying attention to them.(要点3) Keeping a dog is like rising a kid for twelve to fifteen years. (要点4)
Passage 3
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Each day is a new chapter in your life, no matter where you start or how you begin. You are writing your life's story. It has all the possibilities you can imagine or you haven't thought of yet. We are so eager to reach these possibilities that we sometimes forget to love today.
Loving today just as it is isn't easy. Many of us are not where we want to be. We are not seeing things come as quickly as we wish. We are in a hurry to get somewhere in our future. We have to first learn to love today just as it is. We also need to learn to stop complaining about where we are right now. We need to change the way we see today, and look for all of the great things that exist in the present.
Even if the circumstances are not ideal or our present place is far away from where we want to be, we must have gratitude for where we are right now and find joy there. Gratitude for all things and situations in our lives will get us in harmony with our life. Appreciate the opportunity to learn from today and experience what today offers. Understand that what we do right now and how we feel right now will create tomorrow. Loving today as it is will bring us the best versions of our future.
I enjoy today moment by moment. I know bad moments will pass and good moments will come. I also know that I needn't wait to feel joy. I choose to love today just because I created this day for myself in the yesterdays that have passed. I am creating my tomorrow with my joy for today.
This is what I work toward each morning as I wake up. Most days I am successful at it. Even though I don't fully succeed in it, I learn from it, so the new day will be better.
Yesterday is your history, tomorrow is your future, and today is whatever you want it to be.
[写作指导]
1．提炼主题(或寻找关键词)：
本文是一篇议论文，论述了热爱今天的重要性(The importance of loving today just as it is.)。 要学会享受今天，感激今天给予的一切，这样你才会有一个美好的明天。
2．短文结构分析：
全文分为五个部分。
第一部分(第一段)：我们经常忘记热爱今天；
第二部分(第二段)：做到热爱今天不容易；
第三部分(第三段)：热爱、感激今天为你带来的一切；
第四部分(第四、五段)：我充分享受今天的每一刻；
第五部分(第六段)：昨天、明天和今天的定义。
3．要点提炼：
要点1: We sometimes forget to love today.
要点2: Loving today just as it is isn't easy.
要点3: Love today and appreciate what it brings you.
要点4: I enjoy today moment by moment.
[我的习作]

　

　




参考范文：
With so many possibilities to reach, we sometimes forget to love today. (要点1) Though loving today isn't easy, we should try our best to do it. (要点2) It is important to appreciate our today so that we can have a good future.(要点3) I enjoy today because I created it yesterday. (要点4)