2021年高考英语全国专用考前三个月课件：专题一 阅读理解 满分方略 第二步 真题演练（四）

这是一份2021年高考英语全国专用考前三个月课件：专题一 阅读理解 满分方略 第二步 真题演练（四），共32页。

AYu prbably knw wh Marie Curie was，but yu may nt have heard f Rachel Carsn.Of the utstanding ladies listed belw，wh d yu think was the mst imprtant wman f the past 100 years?Jane Addams (1860-1935)Anyne wh has ever been helped by a scial wrker has Jane Addams t thank.Addams helped the pr and wrked fr peace.She encuraged a sense f cmmunity(社区) by creating shelters and prmting educatin and services fr peple in need.In 1931，Addams became the first American wman t win the Nbel Peace Prize.
真题演练(四)　 [2016·全国Ⅰ]
Rachel Carsn (1907-1964)If it weren’t fr Rachel Carsn，the envirnmental mvement might nt exist tday.Her ppular 1962 bk Silent Spring raised awareness f the dangers f pllutin and the harmful effects f chemicals n humans and n the wrld’s lakes and ceans.Sandra Day O’Cnnr (1930-present)When Sandra Day O’Cnnr finished third in her class at Stanfrd Law Schl，in 1952，she culd nt find wrk at a law firm because she was a wman.She became an Arizna state senatr(参议员) and，in 1981，the first wman t jin the Curt.O’Cnnr gave the deciding vte in many imprtant cases during her 24 years n the tp curt.
Rsa Parks (1913-2005)On December 1,1955，in Mntgmery，Alabama，Rsa Parks wuld nt give up her seat n a bus t a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prisn.But it als set ff the Mntgmery bus byctt.It lasted fr mre than a year，and kicked ff the civil-rights mvement.“The nly tired I was，was tired f giving in，” said Parks.语篇解读　本文属于人物传记。介绍了近一百年来涌现出来的四位杰出的女性以及她们对社会所做出的贡献与影响。
21.What is Jane Addams nted fr in histry?A.Her scial teaching effrts t win a cmmunity backgrund.
解析　细节理解题。根据Jane Addams下的第一句(任何一位得到过社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams)可知，Jane Addams以其社会工作而出名。故答案为A。
22.What was the reasn fr O’Cnnr’s being rejected by the law firm?A.Her lack f prper training in little wrk experience in discriminatin against pr financial cnditins.
解析　细节理解题。根据Sandra Day O’Cnnr下的“ culd nt find wrk at a law firm because she was a wman.”可知，由于O’Cnnr是女性而未能在法律事务所找到工作。由此可知这是对女性的歧视。因此答案选C。
23.Wh made a great cntributin t the civil-rights mvement in the Addams. B.Rachel Day O’Cnnr. D.Rsa Parks.
解析　细节理解题。由题干可以迅速将答案锁定在文章最后一段，根据“Her simple act landed Parks in kicked ff the civil-rights mvement.”所提供的信息可知，Parks为美国的民权运动做出了极大贡献。故选D项。
24.What can we infer abut the wmen mentined in the text?A.They are highly are truly are are peace-lvers.
解析　推理判断题。根据Jane Addams下的“ first American wman t win the Nbel Peace Prize.”，Rachel Carsn下的“If it weren’t fr Rachel Carsn，the envirnmental mvement might nt exist tday.”，Sandra Day O’Cnnr下的“ first wman t jin the Curt.”以及Rsa Parks下的“ als set ff the Mntgmery bus ff the civil-rights mvement.”可知，文中提到的这几位女性都是不同领域的先驱(pineer)，因此C项正确。
BGrandparents Answer a CallAs a third-generatin native f Brwnsville，Texas，Mildred Garza never planned t mve away.Even when her daughter and sn asked her t mve t San Antni t help with their children，she plitely refused.Only after a year f friendly discussin did Ms Garza finally say yes.That was fur years ag.Tday all three generatins regard the mve as a success，giving them a clser relatinship than they wuld have had in separate cities.
N statistics shw the number f grandparents like Garza wh are mving clser t adult children and grandchildren.Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is grwing.Even President Obama’s mther-in-law，Marian Rbinsn，has agreed t leave Chicag and mve int the White Huse t help care fr her granddaughters.Accrding t a study by grandparents.cm,83 percent f the peple said Mrs Rbinsn’s decisin will influence grandparents in the American family.Tw-thirds believe mre families will fllw the example f Obama’s family.
“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and culdn’t get away frm hme far enugh r fast enugh t prve we culd d it n ur wn，”says Christine Crsby，publisher f Grand，a magazine fr grandparents.“We nw realize hw imprtant family is and hw imprtant it is t be near them，especially when yu’re raising children.”
Mving is nt fr everyne.Almst every grandparent wants t be with his r her grandchildren and is willing t make sacrifices，but smetimes it is wiser t say n and visit frequently instead.Having yur grandchildren far away is hard，especially knwing yur adult child is struggling，but giving up the life yu knw may be harder.语篇解读　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。介绍了父母为了帮助子女照顾孩子而搬至离他们很近的地方或与他们住在一起这一现象。
25.Why was Garza’s mve a success?A.It strengthened her family imprved her living enabled her t make mre helped her knw mre new places.
解析　细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“ the mve as a success，giving them a clser relatinship...”一句可知，Garza一家子孙三代住在一起，使他们的关系更亲密了，也就是加强了他们家人之间的关系。因此答案为A。
26.What was the reactin f the public t Mrs Rbinsn’s decisin?A.17% expressed their supprt fr peple respnded % believed it had a bad majrity thught it was a trend.
解析　推理判断题。由第二段最后一句“Tw-thirds believe mre families will fllw the example f Obama’s family.”不难看出，多数人认为这是一种趋势。
27.What did Crsby say abut peple in the 1960s?A.They were unsure f were eager t raise mre wanted t live away frm their had little respect fr their grandparents.
解析　细节理解题。由题干中的Crsby可定位至文章第三段，由该段首句可知，人们急切地想要“远走高飞”来证明自己能独立行事。因此C为正确答案。
28.What des the authr suggest the grandparents d in the last paragraph?A.Make decisins in the best interests f their their children t pay mre visits t fr their struggling t knw themselves better.
解析　推理判断题。本段首句即为中心句。由接下来的解释可知，祖父母不可盲从，要根据自己的利益做出相应的选择。故答案为A。
CI am Peter Hdes，a vlunteer stem cell curier.Since March 2012，I’ve dne 89 trips—f thse,51 have been abrad，I have 42 hurs t carry stem cells(干细胞)in my little bx because I’ve gt tw ice packs and that’s hw lng they last.In all，frm the time the stem cells are harvested frm a dnr(捐献者) t the time they can be implanted in the patient，we’ve gt 72 hurs at mst.S I am always cnscius f time.
I had ne trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America.I picked up the stem cells in Prvidence，Rhde Island，and was meant t fly t Washingtn then back t Lndn.But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Prvidence，the lady n the desk said：“Well，I’m really srry，I’ve gt sme bad news fr yu—there are n flights frm Washingtn.” S I tk my bx and put it n the desk and I said：“In this bx are sme stem cells that are urgently needed fr a patient—please，please，yu’ve gt t get me back t the United Kingdm.”She just drpped everything.She arranged fr a flight n a small plane t be held fr me，re-ruted(改道) me thrugh Newark and gt me back t the UK even earlier than riginally scheduled.
Fr this curier jb，yu’re cnsciusly aware that in that bx yu’ve gt smething that is ptentially ging t save smebdy’s life.语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。作者Peter Hdes是一名干细胞递送志愿者。他在文中讲述了遭遇飓风之后的一次非同寻常的递送经历。
29.Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “curier” in Paragraph 1?A.prvider B.delivery manC.cllectr D.medical dctr
解析　词义猜测题。由下文及作者在机场的经历可知，他是一名志愿者，从事干细胞递送的工作。所以答案为B。
30.Why des Peter have t cmplete his trip within 42 hurs?A.He cannt stay away frm his jb t dnr can nly wait fr that peratin needs that much ice wn’t last any lnger.
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“ I’ve gt tw ice packs and that’s hw lng they last.”一句可知，用于冷藏干细胞的两个冰块只能维护42小时，因此必须在这个时间内将干细胞送达。故正确答案为D。
31.Which flight did the wman put Peter n first?A.T Lndn. B.T Prvidence. D.T Washingtn.
解析　细节理解题。由第二段可知，由于没有飞往华盛顿的航班，航空公司为作者安排了一架小型飞机。根据该段最后一句“(改道) me thrugh Newark and gt me back t the UK even earlier than riginally scheduled.”可知是先去了Newark，再转到了英国。故选B。
DThe meaning f silence varies amng cultural grups.Silences may be thughtful，r they may be empty when a persn has nthing t say.A silence in a cnversatin may als shw stubbrnness，uneasiness，r wrry.Silence may be viewed by sme cultural grups as extremely uncmfrtable；therefre attempts may be made t fill every gap(间隙) with cnversatin.Persns in ther cultural grups value silence and view it as necessary fr understanding a persn’s needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part f cmmunicating amng peple，just as sme traditinal Chinese and Thai persns d.Therefre，when a persn frm ne f these cultures is speaking and suddenly stps，what may be implied(暗示) is that the persn wants the listener t cnsider what has been said befre cntinuing.In these cultures，silence is a call fr reflectin.
Other cultures may use silence in ther ways，particularly when dealing with cnflicts amng peple r in relatinships f peple with different amunts f pwer.Fr example，Russian，French，and Spanish persns may use silence t shw agreement between parties abut the tpic under discussin.Hwever，Mexicans may use silence when instructins are given by a persn in authrity rather than be rude t that persn by arguing with him r her.In still anther use，persns in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign f respect，particularly t an elder r a persn in authrity.
Nurses and ther care-givers need t be aware f the pssible meanings f silence when they cme acrss the persnal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses shuld recgnize their wn persnal and cultural cnstructin f silence s that a patient’s silence is nt interrupted t early r allwed t g n unnecessarily.A nurse wh understands the healing(治愈) value f silence can use this understanding t assist in the care f patients frm their wn and frm ther cultures.语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。不同的文化对于沉默有着不同的解读。有的认为沉默意味着深思熟虑或无话可说；有的认为沉默就是执拗；也有的把沉默当成理解他人的必备谈话技巧而倍加珍视。
32.What des the authr say abut silence in cnversatins?A.It implies prmtes is culture- is cntent-based.
解析　推理判断题。由第一段第一句及下文给出的沉默在不同文化中不同含义的例子可知，作者认为不同文化对于沉默的解读是有很大差异的，意即它与特定的文化有关。因此答案为C。
33.Which f the fllwing peple might regard silence as a call fr careful thught?A.The Chinese. B.The Mexicans. D.The Russians.
解析　细节理解题。题干中的“as a call fr careful thught”与第二段末句“a call fr reflectin”相对应，reflectin意为“沉思，审慎的思考”，再联系本段首句可知答案为A。
34.What des the authr advise nurses t d abut silence?A.Let it cntinue as the patient it while treating its harm t use f its healing effects.
解析　细节理解题。第四段讲述护理人员对于病人沉默的处理技巧。由该段末句可知作者建议护士们利用沉默的治愈效果来关爱病人。故选D。
35.What may be the best title fr the text?A.Sund and SilenceB.What It Means t Be SilentC.Silence t Native AmericansD.Speech Is Silver；Silence Is Gld
解析　标题归纳题。全文自始至终都是围绕沉默而展开，论述其在不同文化中的含义及影响。因此答案为B。值得注意的是D项(雄辩是银，沉默是金)，该选项迷惑性较大，但文章并未涉及前者的内容，故D项不适合作文章标题。