2021年高考英语全国专用考前三个月课件：专题一 阅读理解 满分方略 第三步 题型突破（十）

这是一份2021年高考英语全国专用考前三个月课件：专题一 阅读理解 满分方略 第三步 题型突破（十），共31页。

A(2017·内蒙古赤峰二中模拟)It is bad t have fd stuck between yur teeth fr lng perids f time.This is because fd attracts germs；germs prduce acid，and acid hurts yur teeth and gums.Flssing(使用牙线) helps t remve the fd that gets stuck between yur teeth.This explains why flssing helps t keep yur muth healthy，but sme dctrs say that flssing can als be gd fr yur heart.
题型突破(十)　 主旨大意之文章或段落大意题
It may seem strange that smething yu d fr yur teeth can have any effect n yur heart.Dctrs have cme up with a few ideas abut hw flssing wrks t keep yur heart healthy.One idea is that the germs that hurt yur teeth can leave the muth and travel int yur bld.Germs that get int the bld can then attack yur heart.Anther idea is based n the fact that when there are t many germs in yur muth，the bdy tries t fight against these germs.Fr sme reasn，the way the bdy fights these muth germs may end up weakening the heart vertime.
Nt every dctr agrees abut these ideas.Sme dctrs think that the link between gd flssing habits and gd heart health is nly a cincidence.The incidence(发生率) f tw r mre events is cmpletely randm，as they d nt admit f any reliable cause and effect relatinship between them.Fr example，every time I wash my car，it rains.This des nt mean that when I wash my car，I smehw change the weather.This is nly a cincidence.Similarly，sme dctrs think that peple wh have bad flssing habits just happen t als have heart prblems，and peple wh have gd flssing habits just happen t have healthy hearts.
The thery that flssing yur teeth helps t keep yur heart healthy might nt be true.But every dctr agrees that flssing is a great way t keep yur teeth healthy.S even if flssing des nt help yur heart，it is true t help yur teeth.This is enugh f a reasn fr everyne t flss their teeth every day.语篇解读　文章主要讲述了使用牙线对牙齿有好处，但是否对心脏有好处还存在异议。医生建议：即使使用牙线对心脏没有好处，也应该天天使用牙线保持牙齿清洁。
1.Frm the passage，we knw that stuck between yur teeth may hurt yur teethB.all f the dctrs agree that flssing is gd fr yur heartC.dctrs’ judgment abut flssing is based n medical researchD.nt every dctr thinks flssing helps t keep yur teeth healthy
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，长时间让食物停留在牙缝中是有害的，这是因为食物能吸引细菌，细菌会产生酸，腐蚀你的牙齿，故选A项。
2.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 is t an exampleB.make a cmparisnC.intrduce a new tpicD.develp the previus statement
解析　推理判断题。根据画线句中的nt every dctr和上文出现的sme dctrs say...可以判断，此处是为了拓展前面的论述。故选D项。
3.Which f the fllwing best states the main idea f the last paragraph?A.It is a fact that flssing can help yur heart as well as yur is n gd reasn t believe that flssing will help yur dctrs find flssing wn’t help yur heart，it is useless t if flssing is nly gd fr yur teeth，yu shuld still d it every day.
解析　段落大意题。根据最后一段提到剔牙能保持你的心脏健康这一理论可能是不正确的，但医生同意剔牙能保证牙齿的健康，因此即使剔牙不能有助于你的心脏，肯定能保护你的牙齿，这就是每天剔牙的重要原因。故选D项。
4.Which is the best title fr the passage?A.Flssing by CincidenceB.Hw t Keep Yur Teeth HealthyC.Flssing Habits and Healthy HeartsD.Why Dctrs Disagree Abut Flssing
解析　标题归纳题。本文提到经过研究，剔牙与保持心脏健康之间有没有必然的联系不确定，但剔牙能保护牙齿的健康，这是可以肯定的。故选C项。
B(2017·黑龙江哈尔滨六中期末)In cities with rent cntrl，the city gvernment sets the maximum rent that a landlrd(房东) can charge fr an apartment.Supprters f rent cntrl argue that it prtects peple wh are living in the apartment.Their rent cannt increase；therefre，they are nt in danger f lsing their hmes.Hwever，the critics say that after a lng time，rent cntrl may have negative effects.Landlrds knw that they cannt increase their prfits.Therefre，they invest in ther businesses where they can increase their prfits.They d nt invest in new buildings which wuld als be rent-cntrlled.As a result，new apartments are nt built.Many peple wh need apartments cannt find any.Accrding t the critics，the end result f rent cntrl is a shrtage f apartments in the city.
Sme experts argue that the minimum wage law can cause prblems in the same way.The federal gvernment sets the minimum that an emplyer must pay wrkers.The minimum helps peple wh generally lk fr unskilled，lw-paying jbs.Hwever，if the minimum is high，emplyers may hire fewer wrkers.They will replace wrkers with machinery.Therefre，ther things being equal，the number f wrkers that emplyers want decreases.Thus，critics hld the pinin that an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemplyment.Sme pr peple may find themselves withut jbs instead f with jbs at the minimum wage.
Supprters f the minimum wage say that it helps peple keep their dignity.Because f the law，wrkers cannt sell their services fr less than the minimum.Furthermre，emplyers cannt frce wrkers t accept jbs at unfair wages.Ecnmic thery predicts the results f ecnmic decisin，such as decisins abut farm prductin，rent cntrl，and the minimum wage.The predictins may be crrected nly if “ther things are equal”.Ecnmists d nt agree n sme f the predictins.They als d nt agree n the value f different decisins.Sme ecnmists supprt a particular decisin while thers criticize it.Ecnmists d agree，hwever，that there are n simple answers t ecnmic questins.语篇解读　本文主要讲了政府对经济的宏观调控可能产生的结果。
5.There is the pssibility that setting maximum rent may a shrtage f apartmentsB.wrry thse wh rent apartments as hmesC.increase the prfits f landlrdsD.encurage landlrds t invest in building apartments
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Accrding t the critics，the end result f rent cntrl is a shrtage f apartments in the city.”可知，房租管制可能导致的结果就是城市住房的短缺，故选A。
6.We can safely say that rent cntrl always benefit thse wh rent apartmentsB.is unnecessaryC.will prbably bring inactive effects in the lng runD.is necessary under all cnditins
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知限制房租会带来一系列的影响，从长远来看会导致公寓数量的不足，以及一些其他的消极影响。故选C。
7.There will be the prblem f unemplyment if minimum wage is set t highB.the minimum wage is set t earlyC.the wrkers are unskilledD.the maximum wage is set fr pr wrkers
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，如果设定的最低工资过高，会导致企业不去雇用更多的人，而借助于机器，那样就会有更多的人失业。故选A。
8.The passage tells us abut relatinship between supply and demandB.the pssible results f gvernment cntrlsC.the necessity f gvernment cntrlD.the urgency f getting rid f gvernment cntrl
解析　主旨大意题。本文以房租管制，最低工资的上调为例，阐述了政府对经济的宏观调控可能出现的结果。故选B。
C(2017·辽宁鞍山一中一模)Dnald Jhn Trump，brn n June 14,1946，is an American businessman.As the Republic Party’s nminee fr president in the 2016 electin，he defeated Hillary Clintn in the general electin n Nvember 8,2016.Trump is the chairman and president f The Trump Organizatin，which is the principal hlding cmpany fr his real estate(房地产) ventures and ther business interests.During his career，Trump has built ffice twers，htels，casins，glf curses，and ther branded facilities wrldwide.
Trump was brn and raised in New Yrk City and received a bachelr’s degree in ecnmics frm the Whartn Schl f the University f Pennsylvania in 1968.In 1971 he was given cntrl f his father Fred Trump’s real estate and cnstructin firm and later renamed it The Trump Organizatin.Trump has appeared at the Mss USA pageants，which he wned frm 1996 t 2015，and has made came(配角) appearances in films and televisin series.He sught the Refrm Party presidential nminatin(提名) in 2000，but withdrew befre vting began.He hsted and c-prduced The Apprentice，a reality televisin series n NBC，frm 2004 t 2015.As f 2016，he was listed by Frbes as the 324th wealthiest persn in the wrld，and 156th in the United States.
In June 2015，Trump annunced his candidacy(候选人资格) fr president as a Republican and quickly emerged as the frnt runner fr his party’s nminatin.In May 2016，his remaining Republican rivals suspended(暂停) their campaigns，and in July he was frmally nminated fr president at the 2016 Republican Natinal Cnventin.Trump’s campaign has received unprecedented media cverage and internatinal attentin.Many f his statements in interviews，n Twitter，and at campaign rallies(集会) have been cntrversial r false.Several rallies during the primaries were accmpanied by prtests r rits.语篇解读　本文主要介绍了美国的新任总统特朗普。
9.What d we knw abut Dnald Jhn Trump?A.His career is limited in was a surprise that he defeated Hillary business has expanded all ver the father was against him being a plitician.
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段的介绍可知，特朗普集团主要从事房地产行业，其他行业也有所涉足，尤其是根据第二段最后一词wrldwide可知，他的产业遍布全球。故选C。
10.What’s the main idea f Paragraph 3?A.Intrductin t Trump’s t Trump’s secret f Trump’s ’s dream.
解析　段落大意题。第三段对特朗普自出生以来的每个阶段都作了简单介绍。故选A。
11.Which f the fllwing is NOT true fr Dnald Jhn Trump?A.He nce acted as a leading actr in nce wrked as a wns a lt f majred in ecnmics in university.
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ has made came(配角) appearances in films and televisin series.”可知，他在电影和电视剧中演过配角，没有演过主角。故A选项是错误的。
12.Accrding t the last paragraph，we can cnclude at the campaign wed his success t his familyB.at a pint all Americans prtested against TrumpC.Trump had n Republican rivalsD.all peple didn’t agree with the remarks Trump made
解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后两句“Many f his statements in interviews，n Twitter，and at campaign rallies(集会) have been cntrversial r false.Several rallies during the primaries were accmpanied by prtests r rits.”可知选D。
D(2017·安徽安庆二模)Dragging a sleigh laded with enugh presents fr the wrld’s children can be n easy skill.But，since ancient times，the Christmas Eve duty has been perfrmed with distinctin by a team f belved reindeer(驯鹿).Sn，hwever，Santa Claus may have t start lking arund fr a strnger type f animal，as a new research shws the species is becming increasingly puny.A 16-year survey n the Arctic Nrwegian island f Svalbard fund the reindeer there have declined in weight by an alarming 12 percent.
The reductin in average bdy-mass is being blamed n glbal warming.In the research presented lately at a meeting f the British Eclgical Sciety in Liverpl，scientists have explained hw rising temperatures are rbbing female reindeer f nutrients during imprtant perids f pregnancy.
Snw in Svalbard typically cvers the grund fr eight mnths f the year，which，cmbined with lw temperatures，limits grass grwth t June and July.But as summer temperatures have increased by arund 1.5 ℃，grass has becme mre prductive，allwing female reindeer t gain mre weight by the autumn and therefre t have mre babies.Hwever，warmer winters have brught with them greater rainfall which freezes when it settles n the snw.Reindeer can ften access the pr fd surces beneath the snw by clearing it away with their antlers(鹿角)，but they cannt break thrugh the hard ice.As a result，female reindeer are becming starved，causing them t abrt their babies r give birth t much lighter yung.
Despite the findings，reindeer appear t be suffering less frm the effect f climate change than sme ther Arctic species.Last week the scientists warned that a third f the wrld’s plar bears culd disappear in the next 40 years.语篇解读　本文主要介绍了一项关于驯鹿受气候变化影响的研究。
13.Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “puny” in Paragraph 2?A.Strng. D.Weak.
解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Sn，hwever，Santa Claus may have t start lking arund fr a strnger type f animal...”可知，圣诞老人可能很快就得开始寻找一种更加强壮的动物了，由此可推断出驯鹿不像以前那样强壮了，故puny的意思为“瘦弱的”，与weak意思相近。
14.Why d female reindeer becme fat in autumn?A.The temperature is getting give birth t mre has grwn well since ften break thrugh the hard ice.
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“But as summer temperatures have increased by arund 1.5℃，grass has becme mre prductive，allwing female reindeer t gain mre weight by the autumn and therefre t have mre babies.”可知，由于夏季气温会升高约1.5 ℃，牧草更茂盛，使得雌性驯鹿到了秋天会变胖。故选C项。
15.What des the text mainly talk abut?A.The Christmas Eve duty will still be carried ut by has decreased in weight wing t glbal warming cntributes t mre yung Arctic species are at the risk f dying ut.
解析　主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要介绍了全球变暖导致驯鹿平均体重降低了12%，故选B项。A项表述并非事实；C、D两项偏离主题。