高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions导学案

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions导学案，共13页。学案主要包含了策略学习，素养提升等内容，欢迎下载使用。
【策略学习】
写作意图题与文章出处/读者对象题
一般情况下，作者在文中不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。所以，这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐述的内容进行总结和分析的能力，是阅读理解题中较高层次的题目，它与文章主题不同，但又关系密切，所以可以算作主旨大意题的一种变体。
▲从写作手法推断写作目的
▲从字里行间推断写作目的
在阅读中，有时作者并未把写作意图说出来，需要阅读者在阅读、理解整体语篇的基础上，根据字面意思，通过全篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的写作意图。
【典例】 (2020·新高考卷Ⅰ阅读C)
In the mid－1990s，Tm Bissell taught English as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan.He left after seven mnths，physically brken and having lst his mind.A few years later，still attracted t the cuntry，he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea.
His visit，hwever，ended up invlving a lt mre than that. Hence this bk，Chasing the Sea：Lst Amng the Ghsts f Empire in Central Asia，which talks abut a rad trip frm Tashkent t Karakalpakstan，where millins f lives have been destryed by the slw drying up f the sea.It is the stry f an American travelling t a strange land，and f the peple he meets n his way：Rustam，his translatr，a lvely 24－year－ld wh picked up his clrful English in Califrnia，Oleg and Natasha，his hsts in Tashkent，and a string f freign aid wrkers.
This is a quick lk at life in Uzbekistan，made f friendliness and warmth，but als its darker side f sciety.In Samarkand，Mr Bissell admires the architectural wnders，while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when suspected f drug dealing.In Ferghana，he attends a muntain funeral(葬礼) fllwed by a strange drinking party.And in Karakalpakstan，he is saddened by the dust strms，diseases and fishing bats stuck miles frm the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully rganizes histrical insights and cultural references，making his tale a well－runded picture f Uzbekistan，seen frm Western eyes.His judgment and references are decidedly American，as well as his delicate stmach.As the authr explains，this is neither a travel nr a histry bk，r even a piece f reprtage.Whatever it is，the result is a fine and vivid descriptin f the purest f Central Asian traditins.
11. What is the purpse f this text?
A. T intrduce a bk.
B. T explain a cultural phenmenn.
C. T remember a writer.
D. T recmmend a travel destinatin.
【分析】
·第一步 审读题目找出题干关键词：the purpse f this text
·第二步 从字里行间推断写作目的：迅速读懂原文理清文章脉络：文章开头引出汤姆·比塞尔写书的背景，从第二段到最后一段分别介绍了这本书的概要、主要内容和对这本书的评价。
·第三步 仔细比对选项：全文围绕着这本书展开，目的就是向读者介绍并推荐这本书。
文章出处要从文章结构、语言特色和标志信息着手，结合文章的具体内容来断定。确定读者对象要从文章内容和文章措辞来判断。
▲熟知8类文体判文章出处
▲3步确定读者对象
【典例】 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)
As data and identity theft becmes mre and mre cmmn，the market is grwing fr bimetric (生物测量)technlgies—like fingerprint scans—t keep thers ut f private e－spaces.At present，these technlgies are still expensive，thugh.
Researchers frm Gergia Tech say that they have cme up with a lw－cst device (装置) that gets arund this prblem：a smart keybard.This smart keybard precisely measures the cadence (节奏) with which ne types and the pressure fingers apply t each key.The keybard culd ffer a strng layer f security by analyzing things like the frce f a user’s typing and the time between key presses.These patterns are unique t each persn.Thus，the keybard can determine peple’s identities，and by extensin，whether they shuld be given access t the cmputer it’s cnnected t—regardless f whether smene gets the passwrd right.
31. Where is this text mst likely frm?
A. A diary.B. A guidebk.
C. A nvel.D. A magazine.
【分析】
·第一步 确定题干中的关键信息：this text mst likely frm
·第二步 定位到原文，寻找相关信息：根据本文的话题“智能键盘”以及第二段中的“Researchers frm Gergia Tech say that they have cme up with a lw－cst device...”，尤其是其中的关键词researchers，lw－cst device等来推断，这篇文章是一篇科研报道。
·第三步 结合文章的具体内容合理推断得出答案：科研报道最有可能出现在杂志上。
【素养提升】
一、阅读理解
1
Waterbuurt is a residential(住宅的) develpment in Amsterdam, which cnsists f nearly 100 flating hmes n Lake Eimer.
The flating hmes are nt rdinary husebats but real flating huses. They nly mve with the changing tide(朝水). Designed by Dutch architect Marlies Rhmer, the huses have a basic design but are als cmfrtable. Althugh Waterbuurt is still a wrk in prgress, there are sme f the huses where there are already residents.
Tw thirds f the Netherlands’ peple live belw sea-level, and with the flding(发洪水) becming a serius cncern, there are many wh believe that living n water in the Eurpean cuntry is much safer than living n land. The prices f land hmes in large city centers like Amsterdam has risen in recent years. But water is nt that expensive.
“Mrever, huses in the cities have t stay there fr 50 r 70 years,” Dutch architect Ken Olthuis said. “And as cities change, the nly chice is t demlish these huses and build new nes. But flating buildings can be mved and adapted.”
The flating hmes are built atp underwater platfrms, and cnsists f a light steel frame(钢架) and wden walls and paneling(嵌板). The bedrms and bathrm are lcated n the lwer flr, which is partially flded. The kitchen and dining rm are lcated n the raised grund flr, while the main living area and the utdr terrace are n the tp level.
All flating hmes are designed with a lt f extras that buyers can chse, like flating terraces, a secnd entry, r a bardwalk arund the huse.
Waterbuurt is set t becme the largest water settlement in the histry f the Netherlands. Apart frm flating huses, it will include flating parks and even flating high buildings. It is sure t meet even the mst difficult buyers and win mre acceptance frm lcal peple.
1. What can we infer abut the flating huses?
A. They are easy t take dwn.B. They are free frm flding.
C. The prices are slightly lwer.D. The ttal cmpletin is dne.
2. What des the underlined wrd “demlish” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Build.B. Buy.
C. Design.D. Destry.
3. What is Paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A. The structure f flating huses.
B. Preferable cnstructin materials.
C. Unique functins f flating huses.
D. Advantages f buying flating huses.
4. What is the best title fr the text?
A. The Develpment f Amsterdam’s Flating Huses
B. Waterbuurt — Amsterdam’s Flating Neighbrhd
C. Reasns fr Chsing t Live in the Flating Huses
D. Waterbuurt — an Especially Successful Flating Prject
2
Originally called Santa Fe, the twn f Santa Claus, Indiana, selected its new name in the 1850s. The United States Pstal Service refused t set a pst ffice there because anther twn in Indiana had the same name, which inspired the twn peple t change the name f the twn t Santa Claus.
In the early 1940s, industrialist Luis J. Kch bught 260 acres f land there t create the wrld's first theme park as a retirement prject. He was trubled that the tiny hamlet f Santa Claus was visited by children wh wuld be disappinted when they discvered Santa was nt there. Then Santa Claus Land pened in 1946. ffering a ty shp, ty displays, a restaurant, themed rides designed just fr children, and, f curse, daily appearances f Santa himself.
The histry f the park is the stry f a family which has, fr seven decades, dedicated itself t prviding millins f guests with gd, ld-fashined family fun. Over the decades, Santa Claus Land flurished. Children frm acrss the cuntry came t sit n the real Santa's knee and whisper their Christmas wishes. Guests included Rnald Reagan, wh stpped by in 1955.
As the park grew, the Kch family knew Christmas was nt the nly theme pssibility fr the park. In 1984, Santa Claus Land expanded t als include Hallween and 4th f July sectins, and the park's name was changed t a mre apprpriate ne, Hliday Wrld. In 1993, Splashin' Safari Water Park was added. In 2006, the park intrduced a new hliday. The Thanksgiving sectin included a recrding-breaking new wden caster, The Vyage, which helped increase the park's seasnal attendance past the ne-millin mark fr the first time. In 2013, TIME magazine named The Vyage the natin's best wden rller caster.
Thrughut its histry, Hliday Wrld has set high standards fr the theme park industry, with a steadfast adherence t the values established in the family.
5. Why did a pst ffice fail t be set in Santa Fe?
A. T keep Santa Fe quiet.B. T save mney fr the twn.
C. T frce the twn t change its name.D. T prevent peple sending letters t a wrng address.
6. Which wrd can replace the wrd "hamlet" in Para.2?
A. playB. parkC. villageD. pst ffice
7. Accrding t the text, what d we knw abut Hliday Wrld?
A. It is a state business.B. It is ppular with children.
C. It has changed little since its fundatin.D. It is mainly fr celebrating hlidays.
8. What is the best title fr the text?
A. A theme park abut Santa in AmericaB. The recrds f Hliday Wrld
C. Hw has Hliday Wrld develped?D. Why d peple lve t visit Hliday Wrld?
3
The rumr prved all t bitterly true: Park’s hardware, a dwntwn institutin f Orn fr ver 100 years, wuld be clsing. Lcals crss-examined, and begged Lin, the wner f the stre, but it seemed useless. Running a small, lcal, family-wned hardware business was n lnger prfit maker. The twn’s lve fr Park’s Hardware was just nt enugh t allw it t cmpete against the giant warehuse stres.
I was ne member f the excited masses that began t walk thrugh Park’s as, day by day, the lettering n the frnt windw changed frm “20% OFF EVERYTHING” t “30%,” “40%,” and n and n, until the nly things left were the light sckets and drknbs.
Cmpared with giant warehuses, a hardware stre is special. I recall the time I was explring in ne giant warehuse fr a wireless drbell that Park’s didn’t carry. I fund the thing, but didn’t understand the fllwing nte n the package: “Red light indicates cnditin f the battery.” “Excuse me,” I said t a clerk, hlding the item ut, “I can’t seem t find the red light.” The man examined it, and said, “Neither can I.” I cmpared this experience with ne I usually had at Park’s. “Lin,” I’d beg. “Can yu…please…I dn’t knw…d yu think…?” And quicker than ne culd say, “little red light,” Lin wuld spring int actin and tgether we’d sit dwn t find the slutin.
I culd buy a single screw at Park’s. At a warehuse I have n chice but t buy a bx f a hundred screws. But I dn’t want a bx f a hundred screws when all I need is ne. I just want t knw the lcatin f the little red light, and nw that Park’s is gne, I realize that I never will.
9. Why did Park’s decide t stp its business?
A. The wner invested in ther businessB. The wner culdn’t make enugh mney
C. Its lcatin was nt cnvenient fr shppingD. It culdn’t win enugh lve frm the lcals
10. What did Park’s d befre clsing?
A. It had a clsing dwn saleB. It lked fr a new wner
C. It struggled fr its rerganizatinD. It distributed its gds t regulars
11. What des the writer’s experience in Paragraph3 suggest?
A. The gd service f Park’sB. The benefit f having mre chices
C. The pressure f cmpetitin fr Park’sD. The respnsible wrking attitude f large stres
12. Hw did the writer feel abut the clsing-dwn f Park’s?
A. SupprtiveB. SrryC. SurprisedD. Uninterested
4
There are many famus museums thrughut the wrld where peple can enjy art. Washingtn D. C. has the Natinal Gallery f Art (美术馆); Paris has the Luvre; Lndn, the British Museum. Flrida Internatinal University (FIU) in Miami als shws art fr peple t see. And it des s withut a building, r even a wall fr its drawings and paintings.
FIU has pened what it says is the first cmputer art museum in the United States. Yu dn’t have t visit the University t see the art. Yu just need a cmputer linked t a telephne.
Yu can call the telephne number f a University cmputer and cnnect yur wn cmputer t it. All f the art is stred in the schl cmputer. It is cmputer art, prduced electrnically (采用电子手段) by artists in their wn cmputers. In nly a few minutes, yur cmputer can receive and cpy all the pictures and drawings.
Rbert Shstak is directr f the new cmputer museum. He says he started the museum because cmputer artists had n place t shw their wrk.
A cmputer artist culd nly recrd his pictures electrnically and send the recrds, r flppy discs (软盘), t thers t see n their cmputers. He culd als put his pictures n paper. But t print gd pictures in paper, the cmputer artist needed an expensive laser (激光) printer.
Rbert Shstak says the electrnic museum is mstly fr art r cmputer students at schls and universities. Many f the pictures in the museum are made by students. Mr. Shstak says the FIU museum will make cmputer art mre fun fr cmputer artists because mre peple can see it. He says artists will enjy their wrk much mre if they have an audience. And the great number f hme cmputers in America culd mean a huge audience fr the electrnic museum.
13. T see the art in FIU museum, yur special needs include___________.
A. flppy discs
B. a cmputer and a printer
C. pictures and drawings n paper
D. a cmputer cnnected t the museum by telephne line
14. What are stred in this museum?
A. Paintings drawn by means f cmputer.B. Different styles f paintings.
C. Drawings dne by art students f FIU.D. Old paintings
15. The museum was started when____________.
A. Rbert Shstak wanted t d smething fr cmputer scientists
B. Rbert Shstak wanted t help cmputer artists
C. art students needed a place t shw their wrks
D. cmputer scientists wanted t d smething abut art
16. The main purpse f this text is t give infrmatin abut____________.
A. famus museums thrugh the wrld
B. a cmputer art museum in Miami, C. art exhibitins in Flrida Internatinal University
D. the latest develpment in cmputer art
5
What's the attractin f cffee shps? It's been said that JK Rwling wrte the Harry Ptter bks sitting in ne in Edinburgh.
Many peple spend hurs in these places nursing a cffee as they wrk away n their laptps. But if yu're spending all day buying ne expensive cffee after anther and haven't sld yur first nvel yet, the csts can really add up.
Fr thse wh wrk utside f a traditinal ffice r just want t take time ut, there's a new alternative in Lndn: a pay-per-minute café. Yu can cntinue t stay fr as lng as yu like in the Ziferblat cffee shp. Yu'll be given a clck when yu cme in t keep time. When yu leave, yu return the item and pay the bill. The cst f hanging ut, eating, wrking and meeting new peple in the place is 3p per minute-r £1.80 an hur. The shp's wner, Ivan Meetin, says, "Everything is free, except the time yu spend there".
Custmers help themselves t cffee and ckies. They can als bring their wn fd t eat there while surfing the internet thrugh wi-fi. Meetin's custmers clearly are nt the types wh rush t wrk with a paper cup t drink frm at their desks. They are there fr the atmsphere. He's always lved the idea f building his wn huse. "With my mates, we were building treehuses where rules f sciety didn't exist," he says.
Meetin believes his cffee shp is a bit like "scial media", but with a face. Like-minded peple g there t scialize. Sme feel s much at hme that they wash the dishes.
The cncept f cffee shps, where yu pay fr the time and nt fr the cup, has prved ppular in Russia. Ziferblat is part f a Russian chain. Only time will tell if the British will warm t the idea.
I'd like t try it at least nce. Wh knws— I might even start writing my wn nvel. If cffee shps are gd enugh fr JK Rwling t spend quality time in, why can't I?
17. Hw are cffee shps similar t scial media?
A. Peple spend hurs there at a time.
B. Peple g there fr the atmsphere.
C. Peple bring their wn fd t eat there.
D. Peple g t meet thers wh share their interests.
18. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. J.K. Rwling writes her bks in a café.
B. Yu can cmplete a lt f wrk in a café.
C. Mre and mre mney is being spent in cafés.
D. A new cffee shp charges peple by the minute.
19. Which f the fllwing wrds culd best describe Ziferblat?
A. Creative.B. Cmmn.C. Traditinal.D. Magical.
二、七选五
As Chinese new Year appraches, many peple g n huse cleaning. 20. In ther wrds, get rid f things that take up space but aren’t used ften r at all. If yu are interested in tidying up fr Chinese New Year, here are a few tips that might help yu.
Decluttering is imprtant but lacks urgency, s it’s easy t keep putting it ff. 21. Make sure yur family is free during this time, t, since sme f the things are prbably theirs. Then take an hur r tw r maybe even a whle day t declutter.
Be prepared with a place t put items fr dispsal. 22. Yu may want separate cntainers fr items yu want t thrw away, thse yu plan t dnate and thse yu want t sell. Thus fur bxes are needed: a bx fr things yu’ll keep, a bx fr things yu’ll stre, ne fr things yu’ll dnate r sell, and the last ne fr things yu’ll thrw ut.
23. Srting thrugh yur things is the hard part. Nw, yu just have t thrw ut all f the trash and put all f the items yu want t keep back where they belng, and make sure t have a great rganizatinal system that will keep them neatly in place.
Make time fr weekly and daily decluttering. 24. Nw that yur hme lks nice, yu have t make an effrt fr it t stay that way by making time t keep yur space rganized every day and at the end f every week.
A. Rerganize yur space.
B. Empty ut all the things.
C. Decluttering is nly half the battle.
D. Part f the cleaning prcess is decluttering.
E.This culd be a trash bag, a bx r a plastic cntainer.
F.Schedule a time t d it when yu have a few hurs free.
G.Many peple just simplify their lives by remving things they dn’t need.
三、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或使用括号中单词的正确形式。
Accrding t Xinhua News Agency, the Palace Museum and Huawei signed a cperatin agreement n March 15. The tw sides will set an example t 5G use .
The Palace Museum received mre than 17 millin visitrs in 2019, 25. (make) it the mst visited museum in the wrld. In the past 20 years, an ffice infrmatin netwrk cvering the whle museum 26. (build) gradually. The museum has develped an App 27. prvides an in-depth explanatin f cultural relic infrmatin and cultural services. Als, the museum has researched n the 28. (apply) f VR, AR, AI in museums.
29. signing f the agreement marks a new chapter in the strategic cperatin between the Palace Museum and Huawei Technlgies C. S, Huawei will make effrts 30. (speed) up the intelligent cnstructin f the Palace Museum.
"The 600-year-ld Palace Museum has never been s clse 31. science and technlgy." Shan Jixiang said 32. (prud) ,frmer directr f the Palace Museum.
Shan shared many ideas abut the 5G Palace Museum. With the help f advanced technlgy, 33. is expected that in the future, audiences arund the wrld will be able t experience and visit the Palace Museum, whether it is a field trip r a virtual tur. Als, the use f AI technlgy prvides a 34. (brad) platfrm and strnger knwledge supprt fr cultural relics amng yung peple.
四、完形填空
1
Jadav Payeng, an Indian, has frmed the habit f planting a tree every day since he was just 16 years ld. Nw, almst 40 years later, he has created a 35 f 1,360 acres n what was nce a pr land.
Grwing up n Majuli, the wrld’s largest river island, he nce 36 hundreds f animals dying frm drught caused by the 37 greenery n the island, s he was determined t plant ne tree every day.
After almst fur 38 f grwth, his frest is nw hme t hundreds f elephants, tigers, deer and birds. Payeng says he has lst cunt f hw many trees he has planted—but he 39 there are nw thusands f trees prviding 40 fr the wildlife.
“It’s nt as if I did it 41 ,” Payeng said. “Yu plant ne r tw trees, and they have t seed. And nce they seed, the wind knws hw t plant them; the birds here knw hw t sw them; cws knw; elephants 42 , and even the river knws. The entire ecsystem knws.”
Island lcals used t call Payeng “crazy” fr his 43 , but since he was accidentally 44 by a wandering wildlife jurnalist in 2007, the “Frest Man f India” has been 45 as a rle mdel fr prtecting the envirnment.
Payeng desn’t plan n 46 any time sn—he wants t cntinue planting trees “until his last 47 ”. He hpes t 48 the entire island ne day with 5,000 acres f trees. “Nature is everything. It 49 me. It gives me pwer.As lng as it survives, I survive.”
35. A. lakeB. frestC. parkD. hle
36. A. witnessedB. imaginedC. reprtedD. rescued
37. A. remteB. amazingC. freshD. decreasing
38. A. decadesB. yearsC. mnthsD. weeks
39. A. arguesB. dreamsC. hpesD. believes
40. A. fdB. careC. waterD. shelter
41. A. by accidentB. by myselfC. by mistakeD. by all means
42. A. knwB. wrkC. restD. run
43. A. cnfidenceB. psitinC. ambitinD. experiment
44. A. discveredB. cnnectedC. decidedD. regarded
45. A. rderedB. bservedC. praisedD. studied
46. A. stppingB. returningC. hidingD. waiting
47. A. purpseB. viewC. breathD. picture
48. A. tightenB. restartC. arrangeD. save
49. A. imprvesB. inspiresC. changesD. frbids
2
Erwin was my grandfather. In 1963, he 50 t build a new huse. But he wasn't quite sure abut what t d with the ld farmhuse. It seemed a waste t 51 it, but smething had t be given up 52 it sat where the new huse wuld be. Later he had a cmprmise. He hired a large tractr and 53 t mve the ld farmhuse far int a land f trees. That ld farmhuse has sat there since then.
After my grandparents 54 , I btained their farm. When my wife and I first mved in, my wife checked the ld farmhuse, and said it might bring 55 t ur yung sns. I agreed and planned t tear it dwn. But befre ding it, I thught it was 56 t check ut the ld huse myself t 57 having smething valuable left behind.
Our tw yung sns 58 , after ging thrugh tall grass, we reached the ld huse. I was surprised by its 59 . Its windws were gne. Chairs were brken. I was filled with 60 abut the view. I tld my sns abut the small huse. They were amazed that there nce lived nine peple, wh lived a 61 life: there was n electricity and it was cld in winter. 62 , they were happy.
Later, I was attracted by a pile f envelpes in a bx. On tp was the ne reading“Passed by Naval Censr”. My dad had 63 the army during Wrld War II and had 64 written hme. My grandmther saved all f his letters. I 65 ne letter dated September, 1944. In the letter, Dad wndered abut wheat harvest at hme and his yungest brther's educatin, which clearly shwed his 66 fr his family: At the bttm f the page were the wrds,“All is well here. Please dn't 67 . ”
That day, I decided t preserve the huse. The building was 68 . It gt t stay as lng as pssible as it was full f family 69 .
50. A. hesitatedB. failedC. decidedD. preferred
51. A. destryB. rentC. fixD. sell
52. A. unlessB. asC. whenD. thugh
53. A. stppedB. vlunteeredC. refusedD. managed
54. A. gave upB. fell ffC. passed awayD. carried ut
55. A. dangerB. pressureC. luckD. inspiratin
56. A. easyB. pssibleC. wiseD. early
57. A. delayB. avidC. imagineD. risk
58. A. returnedB. fllwedC. prmisedD. wndered
59. A. designB. priceC. functinD. state
60. A. sadnessB. nervusnessC. carefulnessD. awareness
61. A. quietB. busyC. healthyD. hard
62. A. InsteadB. OtherwiseC. HweverD. Therefre
63. A. jinedB. escapedC. quittedD. hnred
64. A. regularlyB. temprarilyC. unwillinglyD. impssibly
65. A. gave awayB. went thrughC. set upD. put ut
66. A. admiratinB. careC. regretD. sympathy
67. A. stayB. hurryC. wrryD. listen
68. A. mdernB. similarC. grandD. valuable
69. A. membersB. lettersC. instructinsD. memries