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高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions教学设计
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions教学设计，共12页。教案主要包含了策略学习，素养提升等内容，欢迎下载使用。
【策略学习】
解释、对比、因果、与并列关系
文章由段落组成，围绕中心话题展开。各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系，有总分、解释、例证、并列、递进、转折、对比、因果等关系。七选五解题攻略之一就是要理清这些关系，并据此选出正确答案。
▲解释关系
从逻辑意义上来看，句子与句子之间常常是解释关系，往往作者提出观点，紧接着对这个观点进行解释说明。因此，把握文章结构，理清作者所表达的观点至关重要。
【典例】 (2018·全国卷Ⅱ片段)
__39__ Studies fund that peple wh wke up early fr exercise slept better than thse wh exercised in the evening.Exercise energizes yu，s it is mre difficult t relax and have a peaceful sleep when yu are very excited.
A. Yu will stick t yur diet.
B. Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C. Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
【分析】 此处缺少一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。所选答案应是对后面内容的总述。故选B。
▲对比关系
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的对比比较，则空格处很有可能表示对比关系。表示对比关系的标志词有：while，if nt，等。
【典例】 (2017·全国卷Ⅲ片段)
Keep a recrd and evaluate it weekly.Keep track f yur effrts and write dwn hw yu feel.After yu’ve tried a new methd fr a week，take a lk at yur recrd.__20__ If nt，take anther lk at ther methds yu culd try.
E. If the steps yu take are wrking，keep it up.
F. Stick t yur set bedtime and wake－up time，n matter the day.
G. Recnsider the 15 minutes yu spend in line at the cafe t get cffee.
【分析】 考查前后句的连贯。本段谈到对自己所做的计划要记录、评价和调整。本空后的“If nt”说明前面是讨论计划有效就应该坚持，因此选E。
▲因果关系
表示因果关系的标志词有：s，therefre，thus，cnsequently(结果)，as a result (f)，，s that...等。
【典例】 (2020·新高考卷Ⅰ片段)
Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes.Yet，the nly ne wh cares abut any mistake is the ne wh is speaking.Peple’s attentin wanders cnstantly.In fact.mst peple nly absrb abut 20 percent f a speaker’s message.S，dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne.__18__
A. D the ppsite.
B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.
C. Yu dn’t need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
【分析】 根据上文中的“S，dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne.”可知，当你犯错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。据此可以推知，空处承接上文，说明犯小错误无需道歉，故C项正确。
▲并列关系
表示并列关系的标志词有：similarly，and，first(ly)，secnd(ly)，first，then/next，finally/last，t begin with，fr ne thing，fr anther thing等。
【典例】 (2020·新高考卷Ⅰ片段)
Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker.__19__ And like everything else in life，that takes practice.Remember，even wrld champin athletes practice their skills n a cnsistent basis.
B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.
C. Yu dn’t need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
D. When it cmes t public speaking，less is usually mre.
【分析】 根据上文中的“Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker.”可知，你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家。据此可知，空处与此对应，说明自己的目标是要成为高效的演说家，故选B项。
【素养提升】
一、阅读选择
1
Did yur mther ever say yu'll feel better after a gd cry? It turns ut Mm is right as usual — crying really is healthy. What's mre, letting yurself feel blue and accepting thse feelings will help yu feel better in the lng run, accrding t a new research.
In three separate studies bth nline and in a lab, researchers at UC Berkeley evaluated the respnses frm 1,300 adults regarding their psychlgical (心理的) health and emtinal well-being (幸福感). In ne study, 1,000 participants filled ut a survey evaluating hw they felt abut the statement, “I tell myself I shuldn't be feeling the way that I'm feeling”. Thse wh agreed with the statement scred lwer n tests f well-being. In ther wrds, letting yurself feel bad is better fr yur mind and md than trying t cntrl negative thughts.
“We fund that peple wh habitually accept their negative emtins experience fewer negative emtins, which adds t better psychlgical health,” said study senir authr Iris Mauss, PhD, an assciate prfessr f psychlgy at UC Berkeley in an article n the university's website.
In a sciety where the imprtance t be happy is emphasized daily n Facebk, Instagram and ther scial media platfrms, letting yurself be dwn in the dumps can be tugh. Just remember that true happiness isn't always what peple say it is.
“It turns ut that hw we apprach ur wn negative emtinal reactins is really imprtant fr ur well-being,” said study lead authr Brett Frd, PhD, an assistant prfessr f psychlgy at the University f Trnt. “Peple wh accept these emtins withut judging r trying t change them are able t deal with their stress mre successfully.”
S next time smene tells yu t “turn that frwn upside dwn”, ignre them. Embrace yur inner Eeyre fr a while.
1.Hw did the researchers carry ut ne f the studies?
A.They gave the participants different tests.
B.They cmpared their wn thughts with thers.
C.They studied the participants' everyday experiences.
D.They cmpared the participants' thughts and their feelings.
2.What des the underlined part"be dwn in the dumps"in Paragraph 4 mean?
A.Be lnely.B.Be depressed.
C.Be psitive.D.Be cmfrtable.
3.What did Brett Frd try t shw in Paragraph 5?
A.It is better fr peple t accept negative emtins.
B.We shuld never try t change thers' thughts.
C.Peple wh accept themselves are happier.
D.Psitive peple tend t be less stressed.
4.What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A.Turn yur frwn upside dwn.
B.Listen t yur mm t feel better
C.Stp feeling bad abut feeling bad.
D.Stp feeling the way that yu're feeling.
2
When we see cute babies, r adrable baby animals, many f us feel a strng urge t squeeze r pinch them r even bite them. Scientists call this strange respnse “cute aggressin”.
Stavrpuls’s team gathered 54 peple t lk at 32 pictures f fur sets. One set cntained phts f cute baby animals. Anther set cntained pictures f less-cute, fully grwn animals. The ther tw sets were phts f human babies which were digitally edited. One set was changed t emphasize features we find cute, such as big eyes and full cheeks. The ther was edited t reduce thse features.
The scientists fund that the participants had much mre feelings f cute aggressin twards images f baby animals than thse f adult animals. Surprisingly, this difference was nt seen frm the tw sets f human baby pictures in cmparisn.
T assess cute aggressin, the participants were asked questins abut the degree f wanting t aggress the subjects f the phts, and f wanting t care fr them. Scientists suspect these rspnses are assciated with nt nly the brain’s emtinal systems, but als its reward systems, which adjust mtivatin, pleasure and feelings f “wanting”.
Cute aggressin may give humans the highly adaptive ability t cntrl emtinal respnse. T limit the mtivatin f psitive feelings, the brain gives cmmands f the aggressin. In ther wrds, the brain thrws in a bit f aggressin t keep the gd feelings frm becming uncntrlled. “If yu find yurself fascinated by hw cute a baby is, -s much s that yu simply can’t cntrl it-that baby is ging t starve.” It stps us frm investing t much energy int cute things. S, there is n need t feel bad fr the desire t pinch them at the sight f cute babies. It’s nt because we’re mean peple. The “unfriendly” mvement f ur fingers is just ur brain’s way f making sure nthing gets t cute t handle.
5.What was fund in Stavrpuls’s experiment?
A.Human’s brain has tw systems.
B.Cute aggressin exists in every human being.
C.Cute aggressin varies twards different subjects.
D.Humans like t aggress animals rather than care fr them.
6.Hw des Stavrpuls find cute aggressin?
A.It is a nrmal respnse in the brain.B.It is still a mystery.
C.It des harm t the animals.D.It makes humans becme mean.
7.What is the authr’s attitude twards cute aggressin?
A.DubtfulB.SupprtiveC.DisapprvingD.Unclear
3
Dear Mummy,
This last trip t India with yu has brught hme t me a few hard facts—facts that I wanted t avid seeing fr sme time. As yu well knw, yu and I have had a few arguments and several days f tensin during the trip. I must admit smetimes I really d nt knw hw t cmmunicate t yu what I really feel. Wrds seem t fail n bth sides. That’s why I am writing this letter. Perhaps it will be a bit easier. ___①___
As I apprach my seventeenth year, I suddenly ask myself where I belng. I knw this is the usual teenage identity crisis. Yu came t this cuntry when yu were slightly lder than I am and married my father. Yu admired the American lifestyle and tried t be an American as much as yu culd. I am the daughter f yu, a mther wh is Indian, and a father wh is American. Of curse, I am American. Except fr a few trips t India I have little t d with India utwardly. But I feel hw much yu wuld like me t becme Indian smetimes. I cannt explain it with examples. But I feel it in my bnes. The India that yu never quite shake ff cmes back t yu nw and yu want t see yur daughter live it, at least partly. ___②___ Yes, Mummy, I knw I am wrapped up in many superficial things, things my friends indulge in and I can understand yur need t prtect me. But I am part f them and in rder fr me t be accepted by my friends, smetimes I need t d things which d nt always please me either. I need their apprval and I want t be like them smetimes. But yur gd intentins t teach me thse gd Indian things then cme int disagreement. Althugh I dislike the superficiality f my friends, I cannt mve back t yur culture just because it is better fr yu r mre ancient r deep. ___③___
My dearest mther, I cannt be prtected by yu. Frgive me if I remind yu f smething yu related t me many times. Yu culd nt be prtected by my grandparents (yur parents) when yu decided t embrace this culture alng with my father. ④ Nr can yu prtect me despite the fact that we are nt separated by physical distance. Perhaps we are separated by smething else and I suspect that is India.
I have never written a letter like this befre in my shrt life. I feel gd abut writing this and wuld like t hear what yu have t say. Ma, perhaps yu and I can still be friends in a way that yu and yur mther culd nt be. Let’s try. I lve yu.
Yus,
Rita
8.What can we learn frm this letter?
A.Rita and her mther had a pleasant trip in India.
B.Rita always asks herself where she belngs.
C.Rita wants t be accepted by her friends.
D.Rita’s mther allws her freedm t d as she wishes.
9.This sentence “Let me live the life I am surrunded by and suffer as I wish.” can be best placed at ________.
A.①B.②C.③D.④
10.Which wrds can best describe Rita’s persnality?
A.Hesitant and ignrant.B.Thughtful and generus.
C.Ambitius and humrus.D.Independent and cmmunicative.
11.What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A.Rita expects mre prtectin frm her mther.
B.Rita expects mre Indian cultural influence frm her mther.
C.Rita expects mre cmmunicatin and respect frm her mther.
D.Rita expects mre attentin and care frm her mther.
4
D yu really care wh wins Oscars? On February 24 this year, the Academy Awards were presented t actrs, actresses, directrs, musicians and many ther peple. Usually they are the “best” and we the audience, are persuaded that this is true.
This year, the nminatins(提名)fr Best Picture include Black Panther, Bhemian Rhapsdy and Green Bk. Accrding t many peple, these are great mvies, as are the perfrmers wh bring the stries t life. Whever wins the award fr Best Actr r Best Actress will undubtedly becme a Hllywd star.
Hwever, Lenard had never wn an Oscar befre 2016, but that desn't mean that his films aren't amazing. I nly need t mentin Titanic and The Wlf f Wall Street and yu can clearly see that he is an excellent actr. And f curse, let's nt frget Rme and Juliet.
I'm afraid smene may wrngly apprehend my meaning. I am nt saying that thse wh win Academy Awards are nt talented peple. They mst certainly are talented. What I mean is that I dn't think we shuld judge films and actrs by hw many awards they have. After all, at this year's Glden Glbe Awards, Ricky Gervais cmpared the prizes t a drstp and tld the nminees t remember that n ne cared abut that award as much as they did.
S let's nt judge an actr r actress just based n what(评论家)say. If yu want t knw hw gd an actr r actress really is g and watch the film he r she stars in.
12.Why is Lenard mentined in the passage?
A.He is ne f the writer's favrite film actrs.
B.He is ne f the actrs wh starred in many films.
C.He is the leading actr in many award-winning films.
D.He is a gd actr wh didn't win an Oscar until 2016.
13.Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “apprehend” in Paragraph 4?
A.Express.B.Understand.C.Change.D.Shw.
14.In the authr's pinin, what is the best way t judge an actr?
A.T see if he has wn an Oscar.
B.T read what critics say.
C.T judge him by watching his acting.
D.T see hw many awards he has wn.
5
It's nt easy t grw up. Actually, it's far frm easy. Grwing up can be a real "pain" fr sme f us. We are always ding things that smene else makes us d and aren't allwed t d all the things we like. Smetimes we feel trapped, smetimes we are fearful, and smetimes we just dn't understand why we can't stay yung frever. When we lk back n all the hardships in life with a psitive attitude, we realize that all f ur grwing pains actually turn int grwing gains!
Thrughut ur lives we are ging t face many challenges and pains, but we shuld never let these bstacles（障碍）keep us frm fllwing ur dreams. We must vercme every bstacle ne small step at a time.
As a yung girl my parents frced me t d s many things that I never liked. They made me learn t play the vilin and then the pian. At that time I hated music, just because it was what they wanted me t d. But lking back nw, I am s glad that my parents encuraged me t take music lessns. Music has enriched my life in s many ways. I realize that my parents and teachers were always pushing me alng, nt because they wanted me t suffer but because they wanted me t succeed in life. They've always wanted me t have better life than they did themselves.
Every mment f ur lives we are either living r dying, s live life t its fullest! We are all ging t experience grwing pains, but they are just small pains in life. They might seem s huge at the time but we must be strng. Think abut hw we wuld feel if we had n fear and live life like that.
The future is urs! A little hard wrk and sweat never hurt anyne! If we realize that these pains are just small bumps（凸块）n ur rad t success we will realize that ur grwing pains are actually grwing gains!
15.Accrding t Paragraph 1, we learn that when we are yung, ________.
A.life is easy fr usB.life is full f jy
C.we knw we can stay yung freverD.we smetimes can't d things we like
16.When the authr was yung, she was frced by her parents t ________.
A.take music lessnsB.turn gains int pains
C.lk back n hardshipsD.live a successful life
17.What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A.We all have t experience grwing pains.
B.Life withut fear is a better chice fr us.
C.Grwing pains are necessary fr us t grw up.
D.A little hard wrk and sweat are harmful t us.
二、七选五
Many times, the small things in life, which we ften ignre, are mre imprtant than the nes that we cnsider far mre valuable.18.
In his sng, Kenny Rgers tells the stry f a wife whse husband lves her very much.19. Accrding t her husband, the best way f shwing his lve t his wife is by prviding her with all the wealth and cmfrts f life. Cnsequently, he wrks hard day and night and is thus nt able t devte any f his time t her.
His wife, hwever, argues that this is nt what she wants. All she wants fr him is t shw her mre affectin by giving her mre f his time, caring fr her and by expressing his feelings fr her. 20.
Althugh her husband lves her very much, his way f shwing his lve fr her is creating distances between the tw. 21.
The main idea f “Buy Me A Rse” is that peple wh are clser t us deserve mre sincere expressin f ur lve, which may be fund in smaller things in life. 22.We shuld learn t express ur feelings than t shw ur lve thrugh material gds. Express yur lve.
A.These are the things that she lngs fr in her life.
B.And as time passes by, the distance keeps increasing.
C.These are the big, flashy things that he has given her.
D.Spending time with them is a better way f expressing ur lve.
E.This theme is highlighted in Kenny Rger’s sng Buy Me a Rse.
F.Spending mre mney n them is a better way f expressing ur lve.
G.Hwever, she thinks that the way her husband shws her his lve is nt apprpriate.
三、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A public memrial fr Lakers great Kbe Bryant and his daughter Gianna 23.(hld) Mnday at Staples Center.
Bryant’s widw, Vanessa Bryant, has spken fr the first time since the crash.
Michael Jrdan als gave a 24. (mve) speech abut his clse friend Kbe Bryant during the memrial.
“Maybe 25. surprised peple that Kbe and I were very clse friends. But we were very clse friends. Kbe was my dear friend. He was like 26. little brther.”
In the past few years, Jrdan’s crying emtin 27. (be) ppular thrughut the Internet. During this memrial service speech, Jrdan als humrusly teased Kbe t make himself cry again, 28. caused a burst f 29. (laugh).
“Nw, he’s gt me and I’ll have t lk at anther crying meme fr the next …three r fur years.”
“N ne knws hw much time we have. That’s 30. we must live in the mment, we must enjy the mment, we must reach and see and spend as much time as we can 31. ur families and friends and the peple that we abslutely lve. 32.(live) in the mment means enjying each and every ne that we cme in cntact with.”
“When Kbe Bryant died, a piece f me died.”
“Please, rest in peace little brther.”
四、完形填空
1
I sat and waited fr Kathleen t speak. “Annie,” she said, “A fd bank that serves the elderly is asking fr 33 . I’d like yu t rganize the event.” “Well, ” As I stuttered (结巴地说) thrugh my 34 , all I culd think was, “What? Why me?” I walked back t my ffice wndering where t 35 . This was a time 36 the ecnmy was getting wrse. The rise in unemplyment frced many f my cwrkers t 37 t survive. Hw culd I ask them fr mre?
That evening I drve hme, depressed. Then I remembered nce my father was ut f wrk.
Mm wrte a nte t Jim, the milkman, asking him nt t 38 any mre milk. Tw days later Jim picked up the 39 and left fur liters f milk. He left a message, 40 , “Kids need milk.” The milk delivery 41 as usual and Jim never cllected a cent 42 us. The memry f Jim’s 43 fired my enthusiasm. Perhaps I’d be in fr a pleasant surprise.
The next mrning I 44 signs abut ur fd drive all ver the cafeteria and n every ntice bard I culd find. Each sign said, “Fd drive t supprt the pr elderly! 45 f nn-perishable (不易腐的) fds are greatly needed.” Within a few days I had t lcate empty ffice space t 46 a large number f cntributins we had 47 . One f my cwrkers, Maggie, made the runds with me every day frm ne department t anther t pick up the canned gds and ther 48 . Thugh ver sixty, she 49 manage t push ur fd trlley (手推车) arund like a wman half her age.
I asked her where she gt all the enthusiasm. She said, “With the unemplyment rate tuching 10 percent, I can’t think f a better way t be 50 fr keeping ur jbs 51 s many have lst theirs. Sure mney is tight. But when isn’t it? Peple need fd.”
As I listened t Maggie, the milkman’s wrds 52 in my ears, “Kids need milk.”
B.adviceC.pityD.medicine
B.cmmentC.explanatinD.respnse
B.beginC.stayD.wrk
B.whenC.hwD.which
B.attemptC.struggleD.refuse
B.drinkC.sellD.deliver
B.kidsC.emptiesD.cents
B.readingC.writtenD.writing
B.returnedC.stppedD.delayed
B.tC.frmD.with
B.kindnessC.patienceD.pliteness
upB.raised upC.gave upD.put up
B.DemandsC.BargainsD.Cmmands
B.separateC.streD.clear
B.cllectedC.fundD.selected
B.bksC.fdsD.gifts
B.wuldC.shuldD.must
B.prudC.gratefulD.delighted
B.untilC.despiteD.when
B.fellC.hidD.disappeared
2
It had been a mnth since anything had happened t brighten my day. I had just mved t a(n) 53 twn. I missed my family and friends s much that I felt 54 almst everyday.
A week befre Hallween, I pened my mailbx and 55 fund a bright range pumpkin inside. It was a jack--lantern (南瓜灯). On it wrte the 56 : HAPPY HALLOWEEN! But it didn’t 57 where it came frm. Wh wuld have dne such a(n) 58 thing?
I put the pumpkin n my cffee table, 59 if I wuld ever discver wh had 60 it. Althugh I was curius, I culdn’t help 61 一in my hand was prf (证据) that smene was 62 abut me.
As the days passed, I 63 my new life little by little. That jack--lantern sat n the cffee table thrugh Hallween and Thanksgiving. That happy little pumpkin made me feel 64 every time I lked at it. When its happy eyes were staring at me n New Year’s Day, I made a 65 . Mnths ag, smene had dne smething kind that 66 he r she cared. I culd d the same.
Can yu guess what I did in Octber? After learning a neighbr was sad abut her jb 67 , I mailed her a beautiful pumpkin annymusly (匿名). On it, I drew a jack--lantern face. And wrte these wrds: HAPPY HALLCOWEEN.
B.uniqueC.strangeD.impressive
B.lnelyC.shckedD.hnred
B.finallyC.amazinglyD.successfully
B.clueC.galD.wish
B.hideC.identifyD.ask
B.excitingC.suitableD.warm
B.wnderingC.askingD.wrrying
B.bughtC.packedD.transprted
B.singingC.smilingD.waiting
B.hpefulC.cnfusedD.curius
frB.lked frC.related tD.adapted t
B.mre emtinalC.fitterD.mre cnfident
B.mistakeC.decisinD.cntributin
B.shwedC.insistedD.repeated
B.grwthC.lssD.applicatin
【策略学习】
解释、对比、因果、与并列关系
文章由段落组成，围绕中心话题展开。各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系，有总分、解释、例证、并列、递进、转折、对比、因果等关系。七选五解题攻略之一就是要理清这些关系，并据此选出正确答案。
▲解释关系
从逻辑意义上来看，句子与句子之间常常是解释关系，往往作者提出观点，紧接着对这个观点进行解释说明。因此，把握文章结构，理清作者所表达的观点至关重要。
【典例】 (2018·全国卷Ⅱ片段)
__39__ Studies fund that peple wh wke up early fr exercise slept better than thse wh exercised in the evening.Exercise energizes yu，s it is mre difficult t relax and have a peaceful sleep when yu are very excited.
A. Yu will stick t yur diet.
B. Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C. Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
【分析】 此处缺少一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。所选答案应是对后面内容的总述。故选B。
▲对比关系
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的对比比较，则空格处很有可能表示对比关系。表示对比关系的标志词有：while，if nt，等。
【典例】 (2017·全国卷Ⅲ片段)
Keep a recrd and evaluate it weekly.Keep track f yur effrts and write dwn hw yu feel.After yu’ve tried a new methd fr a week，take a lk at yur recrd.__20__ If nt，take anther lk at ther methds yu culd try.
E. If the steps yu take are wrking，keep it up.
F. Stick t yur set bedtime and wake－up time，n matter the day.
G. Recnsider the 15 minutes yu spend in line at the cafe t get cffee.
【分析】 考查前后句的连贯。本段谈到对自己所做的计划要记录、评价和调整。本空后的“If nt”说明前面是讨论计划有效就应该坚持，因此选E。
▲因果关系
表示因果关系的标志词有：s，therefre，thus，cnsequently(结果)，as a result (f)，，s that...等。
【典例】 (2020·新高考卷Ⅰ片段)
Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes.Yet，the nly ne wh cares abut any mistake is the ne wh is speaking.Peple’s attentin wanders cnstantly.In fact.mst peple nly absrb abut 20 percent f a speaker’s message.S，dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne.__18__
A. D the ppsite.
B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.
C. Yu dn’t need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
【分析】 根据上文中的“S，dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne.”可知，当你犯错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。据此可以推知，空处承接上文，说明犯小错误无需道歉，故C项正确。
▲并列关系
表示并列关系的标志词有：similarly，and，first(ly)，secnd(ly)，first，then/next，finally/last，t begin with，fr ne thing，fr anther thing等。
【典例】 (2020·新高考卷Ⅰ片段)
Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker.__19__ And like everything else in life，that takes practice.Remember，even wrld champin athletes practice their skills n a cnsistent basis.
B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.
C. Yu dn’t need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
D. When it cmes t public speaking，less is usually mre.
【分析】 根据上文中的“Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker.”可知，你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家。据此可知，空处与此对应，说明自己的目标是要成为高效的演说家，故选B项。
【素养提升】
一、阅读选择
1
Did yur mther ever say yu'll feel better after a gd cry? It turns ut Mm is right as usual — crying really is healthy. What's mre, letting yurself feel blue and accepting thse feelings will help yu feel better in the lng run, accrding t a new research.
In three separate studies bth nline and in a lab, researchers at UC Berkeley evaluated the respnses frm 1,300 adults regarding their psychlgical (心理的) health and emtinal well-being (幸福感). In ne study, 1,000 participants filled ut a survey evaluating hw they felt abut the statement, “I tell myself I shuldn't be feeling the way that I'm feeling”. Thse wh agreed with the statement scred lwer n tests f well-being. In ther wrds, letting yurself feel bad is better fr yur mind and md than trying t cntrl negative thughts.
“We fund that peple wh habitually accept their negative emtins experience fewer negative emtins, which adds t better psychlgical health,” said study senir authr Iris Mauss, PhD, an assciate prfessr f psychlgy at UC Berkeley in an article n the university's website.
In a sciety where the imprtance t be happy is emphasized daily n Facebk, Instagram and ther scial media platfrms, letting yurself be dwn in the dumps can be tugh. Just remember that true happiness isn't always what peple say it is.
“It turns ut that hw we apprach ur wn negative emtinal reactins is really imprtant fr ur well-being,” said study lead authr Brett Frd, PhD, an assistant prfessr f psychlgy at the University f Trnt. “Peple wh accept these emtins withut judging r trying t change them are able t deal with their stress mre successfully.”
S next time smene tells yu t “turn that frwn upside dwn”, ignre them. Embrace yur inner Eeyre fr a while.
1.Hw did the researchers carry ut ne f the studies?
A.They gave the participants different tests.
B.They cmpared their wn thughts with thers.
C.They studied the participants' everyday experiences.
D.They cmpared the participants' thughts and their feelings.
2.What des the underlined part"be dwn in the dumps"in Paragraph 4 mean?
A.Be lnely.B.Be depressed.
C.Be psitive.D.Be cmfrtable.
3.What did Brett Frd try t shw in Paragraph 5?
A.It is better fr peple t accept negative emtins.
B.We shuld never try t change thers' thughts.
C.Peple wh accept themselves are happier.
D.Psitive peple tend t be less stressed.
4.What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A.Turn yur frwn upside dwn.
B.Listen t yur mm t feel better
C.Stp feeling bad abut feeling bad.
D.Stp feeling the way that yu're feeling.
2
When we see cute babies, r adrable baby animals, many f us feel a strng urge t squeeze r pinch them r even bite them. Scientists call this strange respnse “cute aggressin”.
Stavrpuls’s team gathered 54 peple t lk at 32 pictures f fur sets. One set cntained phts f cute baby animals. Anther set cntained pictures f less-cute, fully grwn animals. The ther tw sets were phts f human babies which were digitally edited. One set was changed t emphasize features we find cute, such as big eyes and full cheeks. The ther was edited t reduce thse features.
The scientists fund that the participants had much mre feelings f cute aggressin twards images f baby animals than thse f adult animals. Surprisingly, this difference was nt seen frm the tw sets f human baby pictures in cmparisn.
T assess cute aggressin, the participants were asked questins abut the degree f wanting t aggress the subjects f the phts, and f wanting t care fr them. Scientists suspect these rspnses are assciated with nt nly the brain’s emtinal systems, but als its reward systems, which adjust mtivatin, pleasure and feelings f “wanting”.
Cute aggressin may give humans the highly adaptive ability t cntrl emtinal respnse. T limit the mtivatin f psitive feelings, the brain gives cmmands f the aggressin. In ther wrds, the brain thrws in a bit f aggressin t keep the gd feelings frm becming uncntrlled. “If yu find yurself fascinated by hw cute a baby is, -s much s that yu simply can’t cntrl it-that baby is ging t starve.” It stps us frm investing t much energy int cute things. S, there is n need t feel bad fr the desire t pinch them at the sight f cute babies. It’s nt because we’re mean peple. The “unfriendly” mvement f ur fingers is just ur brain’s way f making sure nthing gets t cute t handle.
5.What was fund in Stavrpuls’s experiment?
A.Human’s brain has tw systems.
B.Cute aggressin exists in every human being.
C.Cute aggressin varies twards different subjects.
D.Humans like t aggress animals rather than care fr them.
6.Hw des Stavrpuls find cute aggressin?
A.It is a nrmal respnse in the brain.B.It is still a mystery.
C.It des harm t the animals.D.It makes humans becme mean.
7.What is the authr’s attitude twards cute aggressin?
A.DubtfulB.SupprtiveC.DisapprvingD.Unclear
3
Dear Mummy,
This last trip t India with yu has brught hme t me a few hard facts—facts that I wanted t avid seeing fr sme time. As yu well knw, yu and I have had a few arguments and several days f tensin during the trip. I must admit smetimes I really d nt knw hw t cmmunicate t yu what I really feel. Wrds seem t fail n bth sides. That’s why I am writing this letter. Perhaps it will be a bit easier. ___①___
As I apprach my seventeenth year, I suddenly ask myself where I belng. I knw this is the usual teenage identity crisis. Yu came t this cuntry when yu were slightly lder than I am and married my father. Yu admired the American lifestyle and tried t be an American as much as yu culd. I am the daughter f yu, a mther wh is Indian, and a father wh is American. Of curse, I am American. Except fr a few trips t India I have little t d with India utwardly. But I feel hw much yu wuld like me t becme Indian smetimes. I cannt explain it with examples. But I feel it in my bnes. The India that yu never quite shake ff cmes back t yu nw and yu want t see yur daughter live it, at least partly. ___②___ Yes, Mummy, I knw I am wrapped up in many superficial things, things my friends indulge in and I can understand yur need t prtect me. But I am part f them and in rder fr me t be accepted by my friends, smetimes I need t d things which d nt always please me either. I need their apprval and I want t be like them smetimes. But yur gd intentins t teach me thse gd Indian things then cme int disagreement. Althugh I dislike the superficiality f my friends, I cannt mve back t yur culture just because it is better fr yu r mre ancient r deep. ___③___
My dearest mther, I cannt be prtected by yu. Frgive me if I remind yu f smething yu related t me many times. Yu culd nt be prtected by my grandparents (yur parents) when yu decided t embrace this culture alng with my father. ④ Nr can yu prtect me despite the fact that we are nt separated by physical distance. Perhaps we are separated by smething else and I suspect that is India.
I have never written a letter like this befre in my shrt life. I feel gd abut writing this and wuld like t hear what yu have t say. Ma, perhaps yu and I can still be friends in a way that yu and yur mther culd nt be. Let’s try. I lve yu.
Yus,
Rita
8.What can we learn frm this letter?
A.Rita and her mther had a pleasant trip in India.
B.Rita always asks herself where she belngs.
C.Rita wants t be accepted by her friends.
D.Rita’s mther allws her freedm t d as she wishes.
9.This sentence “Let me live the life I am surrunded by and suffer as I wish.” can be best placed at ________.
A.①B.②C.③D.④
10.Which wrds can best describe Rita’s persnality?
A.Hesitant and ignrant.B.Thughtful and generus.
C.Ambitius and humrus.D.Independent and cmmunicative.
11.What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A.Rita expects mre prtectin frm her mther.
B.Rita expects mre Indian cultural influence frm her mther.
C.Rita expects mre cmmunicatin and respect frm her mther.
D.Rita expects mre attentin and care frm her mther.
4
D yu really care wh wins Oscars? On February 24 this year, the Academy Awards were presented t actrs, actresses, directrs, musicians and many ther peple. Usually they are the “best” and we the audience, are persuaded that this is true.
This year, the nminatins(提名)fr Best Picture include Black Panther, Bhemian Rhapsdy and Green Bk. Accrding t many peple, these are great mvies, as are the perfrmers wh bring the stries t life. Whever wins the award fr Best Actr r Best Actress will undubtedly becme a Hllywd star.
Hwever, Lenard had never wn an Oscar befre 2016, but that desn't mean that his films aren't amazing. I nly need t mentin Titanic and The Wlf f Wall Street and yu can clearly see that he is an excellent actr. And f curse, let's nt frget Rme and Juliet.
I'm afraid smene may wrngly apprehend my meaning. I am nt saying that thse wh win Academy Awards are nt talented peple. They mst certainly are talented. What I mean is that I dn't think we shuld judge films and actrs by hw many awards they have. After all, at this year's Glden Glbe Awards, Ricky Gervais cmpared the prizes t a drstp and tld the nminees t remember that n ne cared abut that award as much as they did.
S let's nt judge an actr r actress just based n what(评论家)say. If yu want t knw hw gd an actr r actress really is g and watch the film he r she stars in.
12.Why is Lenard mentined in the passage?
A.He is ne f the writer's favrite film actrs.
B.He is ne f the actrs wh starred in many films.
C.He is the leading actr in many award-winning films.
D.He is a gd actr wh didn't win an Oscar until 2016.
13.Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “apprehend” in Paragraph 4?
A.Express.B.Understand.C.Change.D.Shw.
14.In the authr's pinin, what is the best way t judge an actr?
A.T see if he has wn an Oscar.
B.T read what critics say.
C.T judge him by watching his acting.
D.T see hw many awards he has wn.
5
It's nt easy t grw up. Actually, it's far frm easy. Grwing up can be a real "pain" fr sme f us. We are always ding things that smene else makes us d and aren't allwed t d all the things we like. Smetimes we feel trapped, smetimes we are fearful, and smetimes we just dn't understand why we can't stay yung frever. When we lk back n all the hardships in life with a psitive attitude, we realize that all f ur grwing pains actually turn int grwing gains!
Thrughut ur lives we are ging t face many challenges and pains, but we shuld never let these bstacles（障碍）keep us frm fllwing ur dreams. We must vercme every bstacle ne small step at a time.
As a yung girl my parents frced me t d s many things that I never liked. They made me learn t play the vilin and then the pian. At that time I hated music, just because it was what they wanted me t d. But lking back nw, I am s glad that my parents encuraged me t take music lessns. Music has enriched my life in s many ways. I realize that my parents and teachers were always pushing me alng, nt because they wanted me t suffer but because they wanted me t succeed in life. They've always wanted me t have better life than they did themselves.
Every mment f ur lives we are either living r dying, s live life t its fullest! We are all ging t experience grwing pains, but they are just small pains in life. They might seem s huge at the time but we must be strng. Think abut hw we wuld feel if we had n fear and live life like that.
The future is urs! A little hard wrk and sweat never hurt anyne! If we realize that these pains are just small bumps（凸块）n ur rad t success we will realize that ur grwing pains are actually grwing gains!
15.Accrding t Paragraph 1, we learn that when we are yung, ________.
A.life is easy fr usB.life is full f jy
C.we knw we can stay yung freverD.we smetimes can't d things we like
16.When the authr was yung, she was frced by her parents t ________.
A.take music lessnsB.turn gains int pains
C.lk back n hardshipsD.live a successful life
17.What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A.We all have t experience grwing pains.
B.Life withut fear is a better chice fr us.
C.Grwing pains are necessary fr us t grw up.
D.A little hard wrk and sweat are harmful t us.
二、七选五
Many times, the small things in life, which we ften ignre, are mre imprtant than the nes that we cnsider far mre valuable.18.
In his sng, Kenny Rgers tells the stry f a wife whse husband lves her very much.19. Accrding t her husband, the best way f shwing his lve t his wife is by prviding her with all the wealth and cmfrts f life. Cnsequently, he wrks hard day and night and is thus nt able t devte any f his time t her.
His wife, hwever, argues that this is nt what she wants. All she wants fr him is t shw her mre affectin by giving her mre f his time, caring fr her and by expressing his feelings fr her. 20.
Althugh her husband lves her very much, his way f shwing his lve fr her is creating distances between the tw. 21.
The main idea f “Buy Me A Rse” is that peple wh are clser t us deserve mre sincere expressin f ur lve, which may be fund in smaller things in life. 22.We shuld learn t express ur feelings than t shw ur lve thrugh material gds. Express yur lve.
A.These are the things that she lngs fr in her life.
B.And as time passes by, the distance keeps increasing.
C.These are the big, flashy things that he has given her.
D.Spending time with them is a better way f expressing ur lve.
E.This theme is highlighted in Kenny Rger’s sng Buy Me a Rse.
F.Spending mre mney n them is a better way f expressing ur lve.
G.Hwever, she thinks that the way her husband shws her his lve is nt apprpriate.
三、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A public memrial fr Lakers great Kbe Bryant and his daughter Gianna 23.(hld) Mnday at Staples Center.
Bryant’s widw, Vanessa Bryant, has spken fr the first time since the crash.
Michael Jrdan als gave a 24. (mve) speech abut his clse friend Kbe Bryant during the memrial.
“Maybe 25. surprised peple that Kbe and I were very clse friends. But we were very clse friends. Kbe was my dear friend. He was like 26. little brther.”
In the past few years, Jrdan’s crying emtin 27. (be) ppular thrughut the Internet. During this memrial service speech, Jrdan als humrusly teased Kbe t make himself cry again, 28. caused a burst f 29. (laugh).
“Nw, he’s gt me and I’ll have t lk at anther crying meme fr the next …three r fur years.”
“N ne knws hw much time we have. That’s 30. we must live in the mment, we must enjy the mment, we must reach and see and spend as much time as we can 31. ur families and friends and the peple that we abslutely lve. 32.(live) in the mment means enjying each and every ne that we cme in cntact with.”
“When Kbe Bryant died, a piece f me died.”
“Please, rest in peace little brther.”
四、完形填空
1
I sat and waited fr Kathleen t speak. “Annie,” she said, “A fd bank that serves the elderly is asking fr 33 . I’d like yu t rganize the event.” “Well, ” As I stuttered (结巴地说) thrugh my 34 , all I culd think was, “What? Why me?” I walked back t my ffice wndering where t 35 . This was a time 36 the ecnmy was getting wrse. The rise in unemplyment frced many f my cwrkers t 37 t survive. Hw culd I ask them fr mre?
That evening I drve hme, depressed. Then I remembered nce my father was ut f wrk.
Mm wrte a nte t Jim, the milkman, asking him nt t 38 any mre milk. Tw days later Jim picked up the 39 and left fur liters f milk. He left a message, 40 , “Kids need milk.” The milk delivery 41 as usual and Jim never cllected a cent 42 us. The memry f Jim’s 43 fired my enthusiasm. Perhaps I’d be in fr a pleasant surprise.
The next mrning I 44 signs abut ur fd drive all ver the cafeteria and n every ntice bard I culd find. Each sign said, “Fd drive t supprt the pr elderly! 45 f nn-perishable (不易腐的) fds are greatly needed.” Within a few days I had t lcate empty ffice space t 46 a large number f cntributins we had 47 . One f my cwrkers, Maggie, made the runds with me every day frm ne department t anther t pick up the canned gds and ther 48 . Thugh ver sixty, she 49 manage t push ur fd trlley (手推车) arund like a wman half her age.
I asked her where she gt all the enthusiasm. She said, “With the unemplyment rate tuching 10 percent, I can’t think f a better way t be 50 fr keeping ur jbs 51 s many have lst theirs. Sure mney is tight. But when isn’t it? Peple need fd.”
As I listened t Maggie, the milkman’s wrds 52 in my ears, “Kids need milk.”
B.adviceC.pityD.medicine
B.cmmentC.explanatinD.respnse
B.beginC.stayD.wrk
B.whenC.hwD.which
B.attemptC.struggleD.refuse
B.drinkC.sellD.deliver
B.kidsC.emptiesD.cents
B.readingC.writtenD.writing
B.returnedC.stppedD.delayed
B.tC.frmD.with
B.kindnessC.patienceD.pliteness
upB.raised upC.gave upD.put up
B.DemandsC.BargainsD.Cmmands
B.separateC.streD.clear
B.cllectedC.fundD.selected
B.bksC.fdsD.gifts
B.wuldC.shuldD.must
B.prudC.gratefulD.delighted
B.untilC.despiteD.when
B.fellC.hidD.disappeared
2
It had been a mnth since anything had happened t brighten my day. I had just mved t a(n) 53 twn. I missed my family and friends s much that I felt 54 almst everyday.
A week befre Hallween, I pened my mailbx and 55 fund a bright range pumpkin inside. It was a jack--lantern (南瓜灯). On it wrte the 56 : HAPPY HALLOWEEN! But it didn’t 57 where it came frm. Wh wuld have dne such a(n) 58 thing?
I put the pumpkin n my cffee table, 59 if I wuld ever discver wh had 60 it. Althugh I was curius, I culdn’t help 61 一in my hand was prf (证据) that smene was 62 abut me.
As the days passed, I 63 my new life little by little. That jack--lantern sat n the cffee table thrugh Hallween and Thanksgiving. That happy little pumpkin made me feel 64 every time I lked at it. When its happy eyes were staring at me n New Year’s Day, I made a 65 . Mnths ag, smene had dne smething kind that 66 he r she cared. I culd d the same.
Can yu guess what I did in Octber? After learning a neighbr was sad abut her jb 67 , I mailed her a beautiful pumpkin annymusly (匿名). On it, I drew a jack--lantern face. And wrte these wrds: HAPPY HALLCOWEEN.
B.uniqueC.strangeD.impressive
B.lnelyC.shckedD.hnred
B.finallyC.amazinglyD.successfully
B.clueC.galD.wish
B.hideC.identifyD.ask
B.excitingC.suitableD.warm
B.wnderingC.askingD.wrrying
B.bughtC.packedD.transprted
B.singingC.smilingD.waiting
B.hpefulC.cnfusedD.curius
frB.lked frC.related tD.adapted t
B.mre emtinalC.fitterD.mre cnfident
B.mistakeC.decisinD.cntributin
B.shwedC.insistedD.repeated
B.grwthC.lssD.applicatin
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