高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions教学设计

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions教学设计，共13页。教案主要包含了策略学习，素养提升等内容，欢迎下载使用。

【策略学习】
词语猜测题
词语猜测题主要考查考生猜测文章中某个单词、短语或词块的含义，或考查该词(块)能被哪个单词、短语或词块代替。此外，也会考查某一个熟词在具体语境中的特殊含义。
在猜测词义时，能利用构词法猜测的一定先利用构词法。
策略1：利用构词法猜测词义
构词法能够不借助阅读上下文便能够大体猜出词义，然后再结合语境猜测，这样事半功倍，而且有双重保险，大大提高了解题效率和正确率。所以我们主张：可以利用构词法的，一定先利用构词法，再结合语境解题。构词法主要有派生、合成和转化三种形式。例如2019年全国卷Ⅱ第25题：tug at the heartstrings中的heartstrings是合成词：heart(心)＋string(弦)→heartstrings心弦，故本单词可能与feeling有关。
【典例】 (2018·北京卷阅读D)
A study frm the University f Califrnia at Davis suggested that replacing petrl－pwered private cars wrldwide with electric，self－driving and shared systems culd reduce carbn emissins frm transprtatin 80% and cut the cst f transprtatin infrastructure(基础设施) and peratins 40% by 2050.Fewer emissins and cheaper travel sund pretty appealing.The first cmmercially available driverless cars will almst certainly be fielded by ride－hailing services，cnsidering the cst f self－driving technlgy as well as liability and maintenance issues (责任与维护问题).But driverless car wnership culd increase as the prices drp and mre peple becme cmfrtable with the technlgy.
49.What des the underlined wrd “fielded” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A.Emplyed.B.Replaced.
C.Shared.D.Reduced.
【分析】 利用构词法猜测词义。field常用作名词，表示“场地，领域”，此处用作动词，引申为“使用，应用”。根据上段中画线词所在句的前半部分内容“The first cmmercially available driverless cars will almst certainly”并结合下句中的“as the prices drp and mre peple becme cmfrtable with the technlgy”可知，随着价格的降低以及人们对这项技术开始应用自如，第一批上市的无人驾驶车辆会“被应用”到“叫车服务”中。
策略2：利用反义词猜测词义
有时作者会用表示对比或转折的信号词连接意思相反的两个词或句子，这时就可根据反义词线索猜测词义。表示对比或反义的信号词(组)常见的有：(whether)，unlike，but，yet，hwever，while，althugh，nevertheless，instead，rather than，in cntrast, cntrary t，n the ther hand等。
【典例】 (2020·新高考卷Ⅰ阅读D)
Accrding t a recent study in the Jurnal f Cnsumer Research，bth the size and cnsumptin habits f ur eating cmpanins can influence ur fd intake.And cntrary t existing research that says yu shuld avid eating with heavier peple wh rder large prtins(份)，it’s the beanples with big appetites yu really need t avid.
13.What des the underlined wrd“beanples”in paragraph 1 refer t?
A.Big eaters.
B.Overweight persns.
C.Picky eaters.
D.Tall thin persns.
【分析】 利用反义词猜测词义。根据 “And cntrary t existing research that says yu shuld avid eating with heavier peple wh rder large prtins(份)，it’s the beanples with big appetites yu really need t avid.”，研究表明，与现存的研究发现(应该避免和食量大的胖人一起吃饭) 相反，你真正需要避开的是胃口大的又高又瘦的人。根据“cntrary t”可知，画线词与heavier peple含义相反。
策略3：利用上下文猜测词义
这是最常见的方法，一定要先从画线词语最近的位置找起，要求理解句子的顺序是：
本句的意思→前后句的意思→本段和前后段的意思
【典例】 (2020·全国卷Ⅲ阅读B)
Yet“Apes”is mre exceptin than the rule.In fact，Hllywd has been ht n live animals lately.One nnprfit rganizatin，which mnitrs the treatment f animals in filmed entertainment，is keeping__tabs__n mre than 2，000 prductins this year.Already，a number f films，including“Water fr Elephants，”“The Hangver Part Ⅱ”and “Zkeeper，”have drawn the anger f activists wh say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated prperly.
26.What des the underlined phrase“keeping tabs n”in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A.Listing cmpletely.
B.Directing prfessinally.
C.Prmting successfully.
D.Watching carefully.
【分析】 利用上下文猜测词义。根据最近句子 “One nnprfit than 2，000 prductins this year.”可知，一个非营利组织的工作就是监督在电影拍摄中动物是如何被对待的， 这个非营利组织正在密切关注今年2 000多部电影的制作。根据上下文语境，画线短语keeping tabs n与mnitr(监督)意义最为接近。
策略4：利用“语法关系”猜测词义
【典例】 (2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)
In recent centuries，trade，industrialisatin，the develpment f the natin－state and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin，especially glbalisatin and better cmmunicatins in the past few decades，all have caused many languages t disappear，and dminant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.
29.Which f the fllwing best explains “dminant” underlined in Paragraph 2?
A.Cmplex.B.Advanced.
C.Pwerful.D.Mdern.
【分析】 利用“语法关系”猜测词义。根据“dminant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver”中such as后的内容可知，英语、西班牙语和汉语正在替代其他语言。由此推知，dminant languages意为“强有力的语言”。
策略5：利用“逻辑关系”猜测词义
【典例】 (2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读B)
While I tend t buy a lt f bks，these three were given t me as gifts，which might add t the meaning I attach t them.But I imagine that，while mney is indeed wnderful and necessary，rereading an authr’s wrk is the highest currency a reader can pay them.The best bks are the nes that pen further as time passes.But remember，it’s yu that has t grw and read and reread in rder t better understand yur friends.
26.What des the underlined wrd“currency”in paragraph 4 refer t?
A.Debt.B.Reward.
C.Allwance.D.Face value.
【分析】 利用“逻辑关系”猜测词义。根据But I imagine highest currency a reader can pay them.可知，作者认为，虽然金钱确实是美妙而必要的，但重读作家的著作是读者对该作家的最高奖励，因此画线词在此处指“奖励”。
【素养提升】
一、阅读理解
1
Camp memries last frever! We make sure they are unfrgettable!
Shadw Ridge Summer Camps ffer s many exciting things fr campers t d. Unlike ther camp prgrams that include hrses as a small part f their prgram, at Shadw Ridge hrses are the prgram! We are 100% hrse frm stable (马厩) management, nature walks, and track rides t bedrm furnishings.
Hrses help us achieve many f ur aims. Girls can learn t develp respnsibility, self-cnfidence and persnal cnnectins in their lives while having fun. Using hrses as a wnderful tl fr educatin, ur camps ffer an interesting place fr grwth and learning.
Imagine each girl having her very wn hrse t spend time with and a best friend t lve and take care f. Each camper is respnsible fr a hrse fr the week. Our riding prgram prvides a lt f riding and lessn time. Campers will learn hw t take care f the hrse and the tack (马具), as well as hw t ride. Days are filled with hrse-related activities t strengthen the cnnectin between each girl and hrse, as the girls learn t wrk safely arund the hrses.
At Shadw Ridge we try t create a lving, caring family atmsphere fr ur campers. We have “The Bunkhuse” (4 girls), “The Wranglers Rst” (4 girls), and “The Hideut” (2 girls) in ur cmfrtable 177-year-ld farm huse. All meals are hme cked, ffering delicius and healthy fd fr the hungry rider.
Our excellent activities create persnalized memries f yur child’s vacatin. Each child will receive a camp T-shirt and a pht album (usually 300-500 pictures) f their stay at camp.
Our camps are ffered during June, July and August 2011, fr small grups f girls aged 13-16 years, nt nly frm Canada but als ther parts f the wrld.
We will send yu full prgram descriptins at yur request.
1. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T talk abut camping experiences.
B. T attract peple t the camps.
C. T describe the prgrams f the camps.
D. T explain the aims f the camps.
2. What d we knw abut the camp prgrams at Shadw Ridge?
A. Hrses play a central rle in the activities.
B. Campers learn t ck fd fr themselves.
C. Campers are required t wear camp T-shirts.
D. Hrse lessns are ffered all the year rund.
3. The prgrams at Shadw Ridge mainly aim t help peple ________.
A. understand hrses better
B. enjy a family atmsphere
C. achieve an educatinal purpse
D. have fun abve ther things
4. The passage is written mainly fr ________.
A. hrse ridersB. teenage girls
C. Canadian parentsD. internatinal travelers
2
Germans have a wrd “wanderlust” which translated int English wuld be “the desire t wander”. Nwadays the chance t travel is endless. Thanks t cheap air tickets, travelling abrad is very easy and smetimes it's even cheaper t fly ut f the cuntry than t travel within yur wn. S, yes, travelling is cheap but there have t be ther reasns t travel and yu're right. There are plenty f reasns!
I have always had this feeling f wanderlust. It started frm me wanting t explre my lcal wds at the back f my garden as a yung girl and as I have grwn, s has my sense f adventure. And I fund my lcal wds being replaced with the Brazil wetland, Pantanal, where I went last summer in search f jaguars, snakes and crcdiles. The thing with travelling is that it's always different. Even if yu went t the same cuntry, t the same twn and stayed in exactly the same htel, it wuld be a cmpletely different experience. The peple yu meet will be different, and they will tell yu their wn travelling stries: stries f hliday rmances, hliday wrries and stries that seem s utrageus that yu can hardly believe them until smething similar happens t yu.
Or maybe the difference is yu? Maybe yu have changed since last time yu were there? And that's the thing with travelling—it changes yu. When yu travel yu are frced t experience a new culture. Whether it's eating a guinea pig, r staying with a family where neither f yu speak a cmmn language and yu have t cmmunicate thrugh hand actins and smiles, the experience gives me itchy feet t d it all again. And althugh wanderlust is a German wrd, the English idim “t have itchy feet” has a similar idea. Smene wh has itchy feet needs t leave r travel. This desire t explre is fund nt nly in language but in us.
5. Accrding t Paragraph 2, what is the mst imprtant part f travelling?
A. Having different experiences.
B. Hearing many travelling stries.
C. Experiencing hliday rmances.
D. Taking mre adventures.
6. The underlined wrd “utrageus” in Paragraph 2 prbably means “________”.
A. interestingB. surprisingC. mvingD. disappinting
7. What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Staying with a family withut cmmn languages.
B. Cmmunicating thrugh hand actins and smiles.
C. Eating a guinea pig with a family.
D. Experiencing a different culture.
8. The writer wrte the passage in rder t ________.
A. give varius reasns fr travelling
B. encurage peple t travel abrad
C. explain the German wrd “wanderlust”
D. share the writer's travelling experiences
3
Wiley James is a tall and thin, lng-haired, 10-year-ld kid. He is ging t prepare a meal as part f an nline cking camp run by a famus ck in Austin, Texas.
Nw, he stands in frnt f a stack f shelves lined with mre than a dzen kinds f canned beans. He’s gt a shpping list in his hand and a mask n his face. This is the first time he’s been in a grcery stre in ver five mnths. His cart is laded with varius fruits, vegetables and meat.
Wiley is my sn, and ne measure f hw much the wrld has changed in the last half year is that the list f at he needs fr summer camp des nt include a sleeping bag, a flashlight, r even bug spray. That’s because Wiley — wh lives in western Massachusetts is abut t jin 30 ther kids frm as far away as Vancuver, Canada, San Jse, Ca. and Washingtn D. C. in a special prject: they will ck dinner fr their wn family fr a whle week. The lcatin f summer camp 2020 is each kid’s wn kitchen.
Welcme t Dinner Club. The menu this week includes Indian butter chicken, Greek salad with falafel, and fish tacs — every dish made cmpletely with hands.
Dinner Club is designed and taught by Pascal Sim, knwn t her students as Ck Pascal. The German-brn ck has been teaching baking classes t kid ut f her hme kitchen in Austin, Texas, fr ten years. She’s had a ppular fllwing fr years amng fdie families and hmeschlers in the city. Simn says that up until a few mnths ag her cases were mstly fcused n “cute stuff” like ckie, Pp Tarts, and French macarns. A ppular ffering every summer was called “Cupcake Camp”.
9. What is Wiley ding in the grcery stre?
A. He’s ding shpping fr his mm.B. He’s relaxing himself.
C. He’s preparing fr a meal.D. He’s ding a part-time jb.
10. What d we knw abut Wiley frm paragraph 3?
A. He is tired f summer camp.B. He hasn’t gt ready fr summer camp 2020.
C. He asks his parents fr camp equipment.D. He needn’t stay in the wild fr summer camp 2020.
11. What did the authr stress abut the fds f Dinner Club?
A. They are handed ut t the hmeless.B. They are free fr students.
C. They are ppular amng freigners.D. They are created by hand.
12. Why des the authr write the last paragraph?
A. T intrduce ther cking prgrams.B. T give a new tpic fr discussin.
C. T ffer sme backgrund infrmatin.D. T make a summary f the abve paragraphs.
4
Last fall,my dad and I visited Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary,which is lcated in the muntains f Nrthern Thailand. Althugh ur stay was shrt, it turned ut t be the mst memrable part f ur hliday.
Upn arrival,we headed t the base t learn abut the elephants that were in the care.The eldest,T Meh, had spent much f her life giving turists rides with a heavy irn seat tied t her back.Her daughter,Mae Dm,and grandsns,Dd and Gen Thng,had als spent years in chains ding hard wrk t entertain turists. It brke ur hearts t hear their sad stries.
Early the next mrning, we saw T Meh and Mae Dm explring the frest and Dd playing by the river. Seeing them free was a heartwarming experience. Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary was funded with the gal f prtecting the welfare f elephants, and that is why this place des nt ffer elephant rides r elephant perfrmances f any kind. Instead, it tries t educate visitrs abut these amazing animals.
But we did mre than just get t knw the elephants. We als cked and ate tgether with ur hst family, learned abut the language f the lcal peple, and helped teach English t the children in the village. In ding these activities, we were able t experience the lcal custms and culture firsthand.By prviding such pprtunities fr visitrs, the place gives back t the village by helping the villagers make mre mney and learn English. It's a win-win situatin.
If yu want t see elephants in their natural envirnment,Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary is the nice place t g. It's an experience yu wn't frget.
13. What can we learn abut T Meh?
A. She lived thrugh hard times.
B. She gave birth t three babies.
C. She is used t wearing chains.
D. She has an irn seat n her back.
14. What des the Kindred Elephant Sanctuary aim t d?
A. T entertain turists.
B. T teach languages.
C. T prtect elephants.
D. T maintain custms.
15. What benefit d villagers get frm the sanctuary?
A. Higher incme.
B. Cheaper travel.
C. Free elephant rides.
D. Live entertainment.
16. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. My Best Hliday Ever
B. Stpping Hurting Elephants
C. One Perfrmance Yu Can't Miss
D. A Visit t the Elephant Sanctuary
二、七选五
1
Children shuld spend at least ne hur playing and spending time in nature each day, accrding t the Wildlife Trusts （野生生物基金会）. 17. It is nw calling n the gvernment t include nature time int daily schl life.
18. Its 451 students in the study were 8 r 9 years f age. They were interviewed befre and after nature activities. The activities were run by the Wildlife Trusts ver the curse f several weeks, such as learning abut plants and trees.
The children shwed a great increase in persnal health. 19. 90 percent said they learned smething new abut the natural wrld； 79 percent felt the experience wuld help their schlwrk；20. Perhaps mst imprtantly, 79 percent mentined they wuld believe mre in themselves.
21. And the time has been reducing greatly in recent years. A 2017 reprt fund that less than 10 percent British kids enjys themselves in nature, cmpared t 40 percent f adults when they were yunger years ag. T imprve the situatin, the rganizatin is calling n the gvernment t free up a daily hur fr nature time fr kids.
A. Parents care much abut their kids' nature time. ”
B. Hwever, parents n their wn aren't giving kids that time.
C. 81 percent said they had better relatinships with their teachers.
D. The calling cmes frm a study by University Cllege Lndn.
E.The students are asked t study in University Cllege Lndn fr ne day.
F.The UK rganizatin speaks fr 46 grups and 2,300 nature prtectin areas.
G.And they als shwed a sense f cnnectin with the natural wrld and high levels f enjyment.
2
Have yu ever fund yurself waiting at the stp fr yur bus t arrive and have a stranger ask a cmmnplace questin? Perhaps yu’ve std in line waiting fr a cffee and feel the need t just lk ver t the persn next t yu and ask abut the weather. 22. Small talk may seem like a waste f time. 23. “Big relatinships are built n small talk,” Lindy Pegler, wh has a master's degree in psychlgy, wrte n Medium. In fact, we spend a lt f ur time making small talk. 24. Cming up with small cnversatins is the fundatin (基础) f these relatinships.
The benefits f such cnversatins can actually cntribute t ur happiness and benefit ur lives as a whle. Researchers fund that having a healthy amunt f acquaintances (熟人) and maintaining these relatinships cntribute t ne’s sense f belnging t a cmmunity.
25. It can be as simple as asking abut their day r cmmenting n the traffic. “First and fremst, small talk is an act f pliteness,” Pegler nted.
Wh knws where this can lead? 26. Yu might find smene wh has a cmmn interest, r maybe even smene wh turns ut t be a clse friend. There is ne thing fr sure. Making small talk can brighten ur day.
A. Sme peple dn’t like small talk.
B. S hw des ne start making small talk?
C. Small talk is a natural way fr peple t cnnect.
D. But it serves an imprtant rle in ur scial interactins.
E.In fact, the small cnnectins we make can lead t big results.
F.This is small talk, and despite the name, it’s actually a big part f daily life.
G.Often, we find urselves making small talk with the same peple frm time t time.
三、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于三个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last week I tk a jurney deep int space, t the end f the slar system. I bught tickets fr 27. (me) and my friends at the park’s entrance, 28. tickets are als available nline. Futurscpe is nt nly fr29. (individual), but is als the perfect mix f fun and learning fr class utings. Classes r ther large grups that let Futurscpe knw30. (them) plans in advance can get the grup admissin rate. Fr anyne31. (cme) frm ut f twn, Futurscpe has many excellent htels, mst f32. prvide a shuttle service t the park. If driving, Futurscpe is within easy reach f the freeway. Plan yur trip33. (gd) befre starting, since Futurscpe has 34. many shws, activities and great suvenir shps that 35. is difficult t see them all. Cme ready t walk a lt—be sure36. (wear) sme cmfrtable sneakers r ther walking shes!
四、完形填空
1
When I was a by, every hliday that I had seemed wnderful. My parents tk me by train r by car t a htel by the 37 . All day, I seem t remember, I played n the sands with strange 38 children. We made huses and gardens, and watched the tide destry them. When the tide went ut, we 39 ver the rcks and lked dwn at the fish in the rck-pls.
In thse days the 40 seemed t shine always brightly and the water was always warm. Smetimes we left beach and walked in the cuntry, explring ruined huses and dark wds and climbing trees. There were 41 in ne’s pckets r gd places where ne culd 42 ice creams. Each day seemed a life-time.
Althugh I am nw thirty-five years ld, my idea f a gd 43 is much the same as it was. I 44 like the sun and warm sand and the sund f 45 beating the rcks. I n lnger wish t 46 any sand huse r sand garden, and I dislike sweets. 47 , I lve the sea and ften feel sand running thrugh my fingers.
Smetimes I 48 what my ideal hliday will be like when I am 49 . All I want t d then, perhaps, will be t lie in bed, reading bks abut 50 wh make huses and gardens with sands, wh watch the incming tide, wh make themselves 51 n t many ices creams.
37. A. seaB. lakeC. muntainD. river
38. A. mvingB. excitingC. anxiusD. nervus
39. A. cllectedB. jumpedC. turnedD. crawled
40. A. lightB. sunC. mnD. lamp
41. A. sweetsB. sandC. ice-creamsD. mney
42. A. makeB. sellC. purchaseD. ffer
43. A. huseB. hlidayC. gardenD. tide
44. A. hardlyB. almstC. stillD. perhaps
45. A. wavesB. tidesC. handsD. feet
46. A. destryB. fixC. useD. cnstruct
47. A. ButB. HweverC. OtherwiseD. Furthermre
48. A. wnderB. feelC. understandD. believe
49. A. strngB. weakC. yungD. ld
50. A. childrenB. bysC. girlsD. grwn-ups
51. A. happyB. tiredC. sadD. sick
2
I lve traveling and when I am tired with wrk, I will chse t travel t make myself relaxed. Three years ag, I was rather busy with my business and under a lt f 52 , s I went t Atlanta fr a hliday. I just wanted t get away and 53 fr a while.
One mrning when I was walking arund in Atlanta, a(n) 54 suddenly came t me. “Why dn't I g t the Greek island f Santrini which I have lng wished t pay a visit t?” Therefre, the idea f a tw-week Eurpean 55 alne was brn.
I was cnfident that I was brave enugh t have driven 56 acrss the US befre, but traveling t ther 57 whse languages aren't the same as mine 58 me. I was wrried that I wuldn't be able t 59 with peple there.
But I sn 60 that if 1 wanted t fllw my dreams, I had t 61 ut f my cmfrt area. If I let 62 take cntrl f me, I'd get nwhere.
Immediately, I began making plans fr my vacatin. As 1 63 fr mre places t visit n my trip, I fund Mykns, anther island in Greece, which I 64 just as much as I liked Santrini. When I arrived in 65 tw days later, it was like I was in a dream. What I appreciated best was the bus ride t Venice. As I rde the bus and enjyed every new thing I saw, I was cmpletely 66 frm the pressure f my wrk. Hw 67 it was t see peple riding their bikes t the 68 they wuld like t g t!
It's such a wnderful experience that 1 wn't frget it frever. Sme peple might say, "It's nt a big 69 : it's just Venice. Thusands f peple g there every day,“ But it was mre than that t me. It was abut having a 70 and when it was time fr it t cme true, dn't be afraid t let it 71 .
52. A. jyB. lssC. pressureD. pain
53. A. sleepB. relaxC. wrkD. wait
54. A. invitatinB. incidentC. strangerD. idea
55. A. stayB. researchC. studyD. vacatin
56. A. fastB. alneC. entirelyD. tgether
57. A. citiesB. parksC. cuntriesD. cmpanies
58. A. attractedB. interestedC. surprisedD. frightened
59. A. agreeB. playC. cmmunicateD. travel
60. A. selectedB. respndedC. realizedD. suggested
61. A. lkB. stepC. makeD. watch
62. A. fearB. prideC. angerD. curage
63. A. searchedB. prvidedC. askedD. cared
64. A. hatedB. questinedC. dubtedD. liked
65. A. AsiaB. EurpeC. AmericaD. Africa
66. A. absentB. freeC. differentD. tired
67. A. niceB. generusC. hardD. painful
68. A. castlesB. placesC. situatinD. hmeland
69. A. dealB. realityC. rderD. event
70. A. businessB. dreamC. futureD. play
71. A. explreB. decreaseC. gD. disappear