2021高考英语二轮复习小综合训练17含解析202102232183

这是一份2021高考英语二轮复习小综合训练17含解析202102232183，共7页。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Scientists have suggested trapping(收集) carbn dixide in rcks as ne way t slw the rate f climate change. But they haven't cme up with an easy way t d it until nw, anyway. Researchers in Canada have just prpsed a new technlgy t cllect and trap the greenhuse gas.
Limestne (石灰岩) and ther minerals already stre a lt f carbn dixide n the earth, ntes Ian Pwer.He's a gescientist at Trent University in Peterbrugh, Canada. The prblem—this natural prcess is slw. It can take thusands r even millins f years. At present, he explains，“We're prducing s much carbn dixide nw that the earth can't keep up.”
They fund that a mineral called magnesite (菱镁矿) lcks up carbn dixide. A tn f this mineral can stre abut half a tn f carbn dixide. The chemical nrmally takes thusands f years t frm. But in the lab，Pwer's grup made it happen in just a few mnths.
Magnesite ccurs naturally. But the prcess by which it frms n the earth's surface is very, very slw. S scientists try t cmbine rcks and carbn dixide using lts f heat in the lab. That culd make the mineral quickly—but there are a lt f prblems t deal with t prduce magnesite in the lab as well as cnsuming a lt f cstly energy.
S far, the scientists have made nly a tiny amunt f magnesite in the lab. The ttal—ne micrgram—is abut ne millinth the weight f a paper clip. “S the prcess needs a lt f imprvement befre it can begin trapping the millins f tns f carbn dixide prduced each year，”says Pwer. “But a big cncern has been vercme，”he says. “They've shwn it is pssible t d this at rm temperature and pressure. Nw the team can explre hw t make the prcess mre efficient.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇科普说明文。加拿大的科学家想通过实验室生产出一种菱镁矿，用它来吸收地球上的温室气体二氧化碳，虽然在室温下就可进行这个试验，但效率仍然很低。
1．Why d scientists try t make magnesite in labs?
A．T shw hw advanced their technlgy is.
B．T help slw the speed f glbal warming.
C．T create mre new materials fr mankind.
D．T prevent carbn dixide frm being sent int the air.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话可知，科学家在实验室制造菱镁矿的目的就是想用它来吸收二氧化碳，从而减缓气候变化的速度。故选B。
答案 B
2．Hw many kils f carbn dixide are lcked up in five kils f magnesite?
A．2 kils.B．5 kils.
C．3 kils.D．2.5 kils.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“A tn f this mineral can stre abut half a tn f carbn dixide.”可知，一吨菱镁矿可以储存半吨的二氧化碳。故选D。
答案 D
3．What d we knw abut prducing magnesite in labs?
A．It is easy t d.
B．Its prcess is cmplex.
C．It is energy cnsuming.
D．It takes thusands f years.
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，在实验室制造菱镁矿需要耗费大量昂贵的能源。故选C。
答案 C
4．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．Using minerals t trap carbn dixide has a lng way t g.
B．Mass prductin f magnesite is n the way.
C．Magnesite can't be made at rm temperature.
D．Mst scientists think little f this new methd.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“S the prcess needs a lt f imprvement befre it can begin trapping the millins f tns f carbn dixide prduced each year”可推知，用这种人工合成的矿物吸收二氧化碳还需要很多改进。故选A。
答案 A
Ⅱ.完形填空
Lehrner always wanted t design rller casters. Even as a(n) __1__， thugh, she knew that there had t be mre t it than just hpping n bard. “I started __2__ hw I wuld prepare，”she said. She lked t science and math and __3__ advanced classes in algebra and gemetry in middle schl and high schl.Then she tk even mre __4__ math and a high­level physics curse.
She als __5__ theme parks as ften as she culd and researched the __6__ f thse casters nline. When it came time fr __7__， she went t the Clrad Schl f Mines in Glden, where she __8__ a bachelr's degree in mechanical engineering.
Nw Lehrner wrks with amusement parks t design and __9__ new casters. These new casters they design are __10__ made f wd, except fr a metal __11__ n which the cars run. The basic design has been arund fr mre than a century. Still, Lehrner ntes, each new ne is different.“A lt f the same __12__ and cncepts are used when I design new casters. But they __13__ with the terrain (地势) and design. That tells us what the limits will be—hw tight the bends and hw __14__ the hills are.”
Sme parks __15__ their casters t be as scary as pssible. That means big __16__ and quick turns and lts f inversins. Lehrner is __17__ at making twisted wd casters. The casters she __18__ make yu feel as if yu're ging __19__ than yu really are because the tracks are lwer t the grund. “We als try t build rides that are fun fr the whle __20__—children as well as their parents.” she said.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。Lehrner从小就想设计过山车，于是她努力学习数学、物理等学科，现在她为多家游乐场设计、建造木质过山车。
1．A.geniusB．kid
C．teacherD．inventr
解析 根据下文可知，此处指Lehrner从小就想设计过山车。as a kid意为“小时候”。故选B。
答案 B
2．A.thinking abutB．ging ver
C．writing dwnD．dreaming f
解析 根据下文中的“She lked t science and math...”可知，为了将来能够设计过山车，她很关注科学和数学。说明她从小就开始考虑(think abut)如何为设计过山车做准备。故选A。 dream f“梦想；梦见”不符合句意。
答案 A
3．A.brughtB．researched
C．tkD．gave
解析 此处take classes“上课”，为习惯搭配。故选C。
答案 C
4．A.classicalB．ancient
C．practicalD．advanced
解析 承接上句，再根据even mre表达的语气，此处指更高级的(advanced)数学。故选D。
答案 D
5．A.visitedB．created
C．spnsredD．managed
解析 根据常识可判断，为了研究过山车，她经常光顾(visit)主题公园。不是经常创造(creat)、资助(spnsr)或管理(manage)主题公园。故选A。
答案 A
6．A.parksB．makers
C．themesD．players
解析 根据上下文，Lehrner关注的是过山车的设计，再根据空格后面的定语“f thse casters”可知，此处应指过山车的制造者(maker)，而不是玩家(player)或主题(theme)。故选B。
答案 B
7．A.vacatinB．graduatin
C．cllegeD．decisin
解析 根据后文“she __8__ a bachelr's degree in mechanical engineering”可知，“the Clrad Schl f Mines”是一所高等院校，所以此处指上大学(cllege)的时候。故选C。
答案 C
8．A.madeB．bught
C．researchedD．gt
解析 get a degree“获得学位”，为习惯搭配。
答案 D
9．A.discverB．learn
C．buildD．purchase
解析 根据句意可知，Lehrner和游乐园的工人一起建造(build)新的过山车。故选C。
答案 C
10．A.largelyB．cmpletely
C．carefullyD．pssibly
解析 根据后文的“except fr a metal...”可知，此处指过山车大部分(largely)是用木头建造的。故选A。
答案 A
11．A.cverB．frame
C．fenceD．track
解析 根据后面的定语从句可知，此处指金属制造的铁轨(track)。故选D。
答案 D
12．A.metalsB．cmpnents
C．clrsD．plans
解析 根据后文“But they __13__ with the terrain(地势)and design.”可知此处不是指颜色(clr)和计划(plan)；根据前文可知，Lehrner设计的过山车大部分为木质，所以排除A。故选B。
答案 B
13．A.agreeB．cmpare
C．changeD．deal
解析 此处意为“我使用了很多相同的组件和概念。但随着地形和设计的变化而变化(change)。”故选C。
答案 C
14．A.beautifulB．dangerus
C．muchD．high
解析 地势的不同让我们知道过山车的弯应有多急，山应有多高。此处指山的高度。故选D。
答案 D
15．A.wantB．cnsider
C．hateD．imagine
解析 Lehrner 为公园设计过山车，有的公园希望(want)他们的过山车尽量吓人，此处指公园一方的要求。故选A。
答案 A
16．A.drpsB．casters
C．seatsD．carriages
解析 根据常识可知，过山车要想刺激，降幅要大，转弯要快，倒悬要多。big drps“大的降幅”。故选A。
答案 A
17．A.amazedB．expert
C．pleasedD．excited
解析 此处指Lehrner很擅长制造木质过山车，be expert at“擅长于”，为固定搭配。故选B。
答案 B
18．A.ridesB．enjys
C．designsD．studies
解析 根据文章内容，此处应指Lehrner所设计(design)的过山车。故选C。
答案 C
19．A.slwerB．crazier
C．furtherD．faster
解析 根据本段第一句“Sme parks __15__ their casters t be as scary as pssible.”可知，既然一些公园希望他们的过山车尽量刺激，那么所设计的过山车应该让乘坐人员感觉上比实际要快(faster)。故选D。
答案 D
20．A.familyB．cmmunity
C．placeD．sciety
解析 根据破折号后的“children as well as their parents”可知，此处应指全家(family)。故选A。
答案 A
Ⅲ.语法填空
The US has the wrld's __1__ (large) music market and its music reflects the cuntry's multi­ethnic ppulatin thrugh a diverse range f __2__ (style). Rck and rll, blues, cuntry and pp music are __3__ (think) t be the cuntry's mst internatinally famus genres (类型)．
__4__ (riginate) at the beginning f the 20th century in African American cmmunities, jazz was a __5__ (cmbine) f African and Eurpean music traditins. Thugh it was __6__ (prbable) a kind f dance music in the beginning, it gradually became a majr element f Western classical music.
__7__ imprtant branch can't be ignred is rck & rll, which had rts in early American pp, but the black­perfrmed rck & rll didn't receive mainstream success __8__ the white perfrmer Elvis Presley first __9__ (appeal) t mainstream audiences with a black style f music. It is he __10__ became ne f the best­selling musicians in histry and brught rck & rll t audiences acrss the wrld.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
答案与解析
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文，简述了美国主要的音乐流派及其影响力。
1．largest 考查形容词最高级的用法。根据语境信息可知，美国拥有全世界最大的音乐市场。
2．styles 考查名词的单复数。根据设空前a diverse range f可知此处应使用复数。
3．thught 考查被动语态。摇滚乐、蓝调音乐、乡村乐和流行乐都被看作是美国享誉国际的音乐流派。
4．Originating 考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词与句子主语jazz为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词。
5．cmbinatin 考查词性转换。根据设空前冠词a可知，此处应使用名词形式。
6．prbably 考查词性转换。此处用副词修饰全句。
7．Anther 考查代词。根据语境，上段已提及爵士乐这一流派，故本段应为另一个音乐流派的介绍，故用anther“又一；再一”。
8．until 考查连词。 “直到……才”。
9．appealed 考查时态。根据本段主要时态可知本空也应使用一般过去时。
10．that/wh 考查强调句。强调句基本结构为It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分，当被强调部分为“人”时，也可使用wh代替that。