2021高考英语二轮复习小综合训练5含解析202102232195

这是一份2021高考英语二轮复习小综合训练5含解析202102232195，共9页。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2019·包头质检)
Humans' inventin f zer was vital fr mdern mathematics and science, but we're nt the nly species t cnsider “nthing” a number. Parrts and mnkeys understand the cncept f zer, and nw bees have jined the club, t.
Hney bees are knwn t have sme numerical (数字的) skills such as the ability t cunt t fur, which may cme in handy when keeping track f landmarks in their envirnment. T see whether these abilities extended t understanding zer, researchers trained 10 bees t identify the smaller f tw numbers. Acrss a series f trials, they shwed the insects tw different pictures displaying a few black shapes n a white backgrund. If the bees flew t the picture with the smaller number f shapes, they were given delicius sugar water, but if they flew tward the larger number, they were punished with bitter­tasting fd.
Once the bees had learned t cnsistently make the crrect chice, the researchers gave them a new chice: a white backgrund cntaining n shapes at all. Even thugh the bees had never seen an empty picture befre, 64% f the time they chse it rather than a picture cntaining tw r three shapes, the authrs reprt tday in Science. This suggests that the insects understd that “zer” is less than tw r three. And they weren't just ging fr the empty picture because it was new and interesting. Anther grup f bees trained t always chse the larger number tended t pick the nnzer image in this test.
In further experiments, the researchers shwed that bees' understanding f zer was even mre cmplex: Fr example, they were able t distinguish between ne and zer—a challenge even fr sme ther members f the zer club. Advanced numerical abilities like this culd give animals an evlutinary advantage, helping them keep track f predatrs (捕食者) and fd surces. And if an insect can display such a thrugh grasp f the number zer, write the researchers, then this ability may be mre cmmn in the animal kingdm than we think.
【语篇解读】 科学家通过一系列的实验表明蜜蜂比鹦鹉和大猩猩更擅长理解零的概念。
1．Accrding t the trials, the researchers have fund that bees ________.
A．are as intelligent as parrts and mnkeys
B．can cunt many numbers after being trained
C．can identify the smaller number quickly
D．understand the cncept f zer
解析 推理判断题。由第一段中的“and nw bees have jined the club”可知，蜜蜂和鹦鹉与大猩猩都理解零的意思，又根据第三段中“This suggests that the insects understd that‘zer' is less than tw r three.”可知，实验表明蜜蜂明白零的意思，故D项正确。
答案 D
2．The researchers trained anther grup f bees t ________.
A．cnfirm the bees are able t identify the smaller number
B．find the big difference between the tw grups f bees
C．prve the bees are interested in new things
D．shw the bees can be distinguished easily
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，另外一组被训练挑选大数字的蜜蜂常选择不含零的图片，由此可证明蜜蜂是知道零的含义的，科学家由此推断蜜蜂能认出较小的数字，故A项正确。
答案 A
3．What d the researchers suggest in further experiments?
A．Bees shuld be trained mre.
B．Numerical abilities culd help predatrs find bees.
C．Insects are better at understanding zer than animals.
D．Animals may display a thrugh grasp f the number zer.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，在进一步的实验中科学家发现蜜蜂能区别出1和0，而鹦鹉和大猩猩却有些难，由此推断出昆虫比动物更擅长理解“0”的概念，故C项正确。
答案 C
4．What is the best title fr the text?
A．New Findings abut Bees' Cncept f Zer
B．Experiments n Bees' Numerical Skills
C．Cmplex Trials abut the Zer Club
D．A Science Reprt f the Species f Bees
解析 标题归纳题。文章介绍了一个研究发现，说明科学家利用实验发现蜜蜂理解零的意义，故A项作为标题合适。
答案 A
Ⅱ.七选五
(2019·邢台质检)
Anyne wh lves t sing will prbably tell yu hw gd it makes them feel.__1__ But there are many different physical, emtinal and scial benefits assciated with singing that yu may nt realize.
●Singing imprves yur memry and cgnitin (认识). Fr ne thing, there is n questin that singing requires yu t use yur memry in ways that yu dn't nrmally use even if yu can't always remember all f the lyrics t yur favrite sngs. __2__ Fr anther thing, singers and musicians typically have higher IQ than nn­musicians. Singing can imprve yur verall brain functin and help yu think a little clearer.
●__3__ A jint Yale and Harvard study shwed that fr sme peple living in New Haven, Cnnecticut, chral singing prmted healthy minds and hearts, which increased the length f life.
●Singing lwers yur bld pressure. There have been several case studies that have revealed that singing can decrease bld pressure due t its calming and relaxing effect. __4__
●Singing brings peple tgether and creates a sense f cmmunity. Singing in a chir r singing in any srt f grup envirnment with ther peple can be a fun, bnding activity.__5__ What's mre, singing in a chir can decrease depressin in many adults.
A．Singing leads t a lnger life.
B．Singing can cure varius diseases.
C．It gives yu an pprtunity t share an experience with a grup f peple.
D．This is ne excellent way t keep yur brain remember things well as yu age.
E．Althugh singing is gd fr yur health, it is nt gd singing ludly in public.
F．It's n secret that singing can reduce yur stress and bring much fun int yur day.
G．Patients are able t calm themselves dwn and lwer bld pressure by singing sngs.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】 喜欢唱歌的人们总会告诉你唱歌的好处，唱歌能缓解压力、让人心情舒畅。除此之外还有一些你可能想不到的好处。本文从四个方面介绍了唱歌的其他好处。
1．F 根据空前一句可知爱唱歌的人可能会说唱歌使他们感觉良好，故设空处应与唱歌的益处有关。再根据空后一句中的“that yu may nt realize”可知下文介绍的是人们不知道的一些好处，故F项“唱歌能缓解压力和带来乐趣，这些是众所皆知的。”与上下文呼应。故F项正确。
2．D 根据空前一句可知即使你记不清自己最喜欢的歌曲的所有歌词，唱这首歌也会让你在脑海中不断回忆歌词，故D项“随着年龄的增长，唱歌记歌词是一种很好的增强记忆力的方法。”符合语境。
3．A 根据下一句中的“which increased the length f life”可知本段讲述的是唱歌能让人长寿。故A项“唱歌让人更长寿。”适合作本段主题句。
4．G 根据本段小标题“Singing lwers yur bld pressure.”可知唱歌能起到降血压的效果。本段讲述的是唱歌与血压的关系，故G项“病人们在唱歌时会平静下来，血压也会随之下降。”符合语境。bld pressure为关键词。
5．C 根据空前两句可知，唱歌会把喜欢音乐的人们聚集在一起营造出一种群体的意识，与歌友们一起练唱是一项有趣又让人们联系在一起的团体活动。故C项“这会让你有机会与一个群体有共同的经历。”与上文呼应。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2019·德州质检)
Last summer I mved t Kirkland t live with my fiancé， giving up being a lawyer. Withut a jb, I spent my days aimlessly __1__ arund my new neighbrhd.
That's hw I __2__ Steve. I'd seen him plenty f times befre—untidy, with a messy gray beard, __3__ a wrn cardbard sign at the street crner. His __4__ asked fr help with fd r rent—nthing fancy, and never fr alchl r drugs. Having lived in the area fr ten years, Steve was well knwn t the __5__. Even as I chatted with him, several peple waved t him as they went by. I __6__ called him the Mayr f Kirkland. He laughed, saying he hped the name wuld stick. He had much t d befre his term was __7__.
In September, he tld me he'd been hmeless because he had a legal issue fr the last thirty years and, as a result, his scial security__8__ had been halved. The remaining amunt wasn't enugh t live n, s he was frced t spend his days trying t __9__ the difference.
Knwing I had __10__ experience, he asked me if I culd help him with this matter. I agreed __11__. In the mnths that fllwed, I began t __12__ mre time and energy int his case. When we met t discuss his case, it was as if a heavy __13__ was lifting ff his back. I culd sense his __14__ ptimism. He started describing me as his “a ray f __15__” and telling his friends what a great __16__ I was ding.
Then came the day when the curt finally decided t __17__ mst f what Steve wed, which meant he wuld have enugh mney t get his life back n __18__. I culd see tears in Steve's eyes when he heard the __19__. But it als meant that I wuldn't see him as ften anymre. When I tld Steve this, he grinned with tears in his eyes, “We're friends, and friends __20__ time t see each ther. Besides, the mayr's still gt t d his runds.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。去年夏天“我”和未婚夫搬去Kirkland居住并为此辞去了律师的工作，闲下来的作者热心帮助了流浪汉Steve，他因一个法律问题导致近三十年只能领到一半的社会保障金。最后Steve的生活得以改善。
1．A.imaginingB．wandering
C．searching D．jgging
解析 根据空前的“Withut a jb”和“aimlessly”可知，“我”搬到Kirkland之后因为没有工作所以在新的社区漫无目的地闲逛。imagine“想象”；wander“漫游，闲逛”；search“搜寻”；jg“慢跑”。
答案 B
2．A.fund B．missed
C．helped D．met
解析 根据空后的“I'd seen him”可知“我”是在闲逛时遇到的Steve。find“发现”；miss“错过”；help“帮助”； meet“遇见”。
答案 D
3．A.leavingB．bringing
C．hldingD．writing
解析 根据语境可知Steve手里举着一块硬纸板牌子向人们求助，hld“举着；握着”，符合语境。leave“留下”； bring“带来”；write“写”。
答案 C
4. A．sign B．case
C．huse D．wrk
解析 根据空前的“a wrn cardbard sign”可知空处指他拿着的牌子。sign“标牌”；case“情况，案例”；huse“房子”；wrk“工作”。
答案 A
5. A．lcals B．audience
C．passers­byD．strangers
解析 根据空后一句可知“我”和Steve聊天时也会有好几个过路的人向他挥手打招呼，故推知在这个地区住了十来年后，Steve已经被当地人熟知了。lcal“当地人”；audience“观众”；passer­by“过路人”；stranger“陌生人”。
答案 A
6. A．carefully B．silently
C．jkinglyD．desperately
解析 我开玩笑地称他为Kirkland市的市长。因为他并不是市长，只是作者的玩笑话，故jkingly“开玩笑地”，符合语境。carefully“认真地”；silently“沉默地”；desperately“绝望地；拼命地”。
答案 C
7. A．upB．in
C．awayD．n
解析 他在“任期”结束前还有很多事要做。上文作者笑称他为市长所以他才打趣说的这番话。up“结束；告终”；in“在……里”；away“离开”；n“在……上面”。
答案 A
8．A.accunt B．payment
C．number D．card
解析 在九月份他告诉我他因为一个法律问题只能拿到一半的社会保障金，结果无家可归。scial security payment“社会保障金”。accunt“账户”；number“数字”；card“卡片”。
答案 B
9．A.leave utB．break dwn
C．cut ff D．make up
解析 根据空前的“The remaining amunt wasn't enugh t live n”可知因为剩下的一半钱不足以养活他，所以他只能被迫终日向他人求助以弥补这部分钱的不足。make up the difference“弥补差额”。leave ut“省略， 遗漏”；break dwn“出故障”；cut ff“切断”。
答案 D
10. A．pliticalB．ecnmical
C．legalD．financial
解析 根据第一段中的“being a lawyer”可知作者以前是律师，所以有法律方面的经验可以帮助Steve。legal“法律的；合法的”，符合语境。plitical“政治的”； ecnmical“经济的”；financial“金融的”。
答案 C
11．A.instantlyB．gradually
C．prbablyD．nrmally
解析 我立刻同意帮他。instantly“立刻”；gradually“逐渐地”；prbably“可能”；nrmally“正常地”。
答案 A
12．A.break B．divide
C．thrw D．perfrm
解析 在接下来的几个月里，我开始把更多的时间和精力投入到他的案子上。 sth.“把……投入到某事上”；break“打破”；“把……分成……”；perfrm“表演”。
答案 C
13．A.demand B．lss
C．weight D．blw
解析 由14空后的ptimism可知他逐渐乐观起来，当讨论他的案子时好像他背上的重担正在慢慢卸去一样。经济上的拮据对于他来说是精神上的重物，故weight“重担”，符合语境。demand“要求，需求”；lss“损失”；blw“打击；一阵风”。
答案 C
14．A.mving B．interesting
C．falling D．grwing
解析 根据语境可知随着案子的推进他变得越来越乐观。grwing“增长的”，符合语境。mving“感人的”；interesting“有趣的”；falling“下降的”。
答案 D
15．A.mayr B．sunshine
C．lawyer D．incme
解析 他开始称我为他生命中的“一缕阳光”并且告诉他的朋友们我做得很好。a ray f sunshine“一缕阳光”。sunshine“阳光”，符合语境。mayr“市长”；lawyer“律师”；incme“收入”。
答案 B
16．A.lessn B．curse
C．change D．jb
解析 见上一题解析。d a gd jb“做得很好”。lessn“课程”；curse“课程，航线”；change“改变”。
答案 D
17．A.charge B．appreciate
C．frgive D．cllect
解析 终于这一天来了，法庭最后决定免除他之前的大部分债务，这意味着他会有足够的钱使自己的生活回到正轨上来。frgive“免除”，符合语境。charge“控告”；appreciate“欣赏”；cllect“收集”。
答案 C
18．A.schedule B．bard
C．guard D．track
解析 见上一题解析。n track“在正轨上；在正道上”，符合语境。n schedule“按时”；n bard“在船(火车、飞机)上”；n guard“站岗；防备”。
答案 D
19．A.decisin B．attempt
C．explanatin D．trend
解析 空处与17空前的decided呼应，指当他听到法庭的决定时。decisin“决定”；attempt“企图”；explanatin“解释”；trend“趋势”。
答案 A
20．A.kill B．make
C．spend D．lend
解析 我们是朋友，朋友总会抽时间见面的。make time t d sth.“抽空做某事”。kill time“消磨时间”；spend time“花时间”；lend“借出”。
答案 B
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2019·西安质检)
Last week, I tk part in a summer camp, it invited sme freign students t visit. It was such gd chance fr me t practice English. At first, I was nervus, and the next day I gt familiar with them and fund that they are als very curius abut ur study. After the shrt cmmunicatin, I learned a lt f. I knew the first thing I shuld d was t imprving my English. Thugh I didn't learn English gd in the future, I wuld fall behind them. The secnd thing fr me t learn was t develp mre interests. I think I can imprve me and be the best ne.
答案与解析
Last week, I tk part in a summer camp, eq \(it,\s\d14(①which)) invited sme freign students t visit. It was such eq \(∧,\s\d14(②a)) gd chance fr me t practice English. At first, I was nervus, eq \(and,\s\d14(③but)) the next day I gt familiar with them and fund that they eq \(are,\s\d14(④were)) als very curius abut ur study. After the shrt cmmunicatin, I learned a lt . I knew the first thing I shuld d was t eq \(imprving,\s\d14(⑥imprve)) my English. eq \(Thugh,\s\d14(⑦If)) I didn't learn English eq \(gd,\s\d14(⑧well)) in the future, I wuld fall behind them. The secnd thing fr me t learn was t develp mre eq \(interests,\s\d14(⑨interest)). I think I can imprve eq \(me,\s\d14(⑩myself)) and be the best ne.
①考查定语从句。该句逗号前后均为一个完整的句子，所以应把it改为which引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
②考查冠词。chance意为“机会”，为可数名词，此处应加不定冠词表示“一次机会”。
③考查连词。第二天的情况和一开始不同了，所以应用but表示转折。
④考查动词的时态。介绍上周的情况，应用一般过去时，主句谓语动词fund也是提示。
⑤考查固定短语。a lt f后面应该接名词，所以应去掉f，a lt用作状语。
⑥考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式作表语。
⑦考查状语从句。根据逻辑关系判断，前后句为条件和结果关系，所以应用If引导条件状语从句。
⑧考查副词。修饰动词learn应用副词作状语。
⑨考查名词的单复数。interest意为“兴趣”时为不可数名词，没有复数形式。
⑩考查代词。由于句子主语为I，所以应用反身代词作宾语。