2021高考英语二轮复习小综合训练12含解析202102232178

这是一份2021高考英语二轮复习小综合训练12含解析202102232178，共6页。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2019·湖南联考)
Nt nly des the use f plastic water bttles hurt yur wallet, it als increases pllutin and wastes energy and water. Only 23% f all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning ver $1 billin wrth f plastic is treated as rubbish a year. Recently, Skipping Rcks Lab has invented a kind f water bttle called Oh.
It is a cnvenient, clear water bttle that can either be drunk r eaten. T drink it, yu can either peel ff the membrane (薄膜) r tear a hle in the membrane with yur teeth t pur the water int yur muth. T eat it, yu simply put the whle bttle in yur muth. One prblem the scientists have run int is hw t ship lts f Oh bubbles withut arriving with a very wet truck. Hwever, they have attempted t package units f individual bubbles tgether inside a larger and thicker membrane. It is targeting large utdr events, such as marathns, music festivals, and sprting events, where tns f plastic bttles are used, and frequently left behind as litter. And t much plastic is sure t d harm t the envirnment, which culd accunt fr their purpse f such a new inventin.
The team has been wrking fr the past tw years t develp the technlgy and materials needed t prduce Oh; they have recently applied fr a patent fr their new advancements. The price fr an individual bubble r a unit f bubbles has nt been set yet, but they cst abut tw cents t create a unit, which is cheaper than plastic bttles. It has appeared at events in Lndn, San Francisc, Bstn, at cnferences, festivals, and s n.
Oh is catching many peple's attentin and has raised ver $1 millin and gained 1,000 investrs in nly three days. It is mstly being sld at events at the mment t keep the cnsumer's interest when the prductin machine is running. It is quickly making a rise, s keep an eye ut this year fr these bttles f the future.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。塑料瓶的使用不但浪费金钱，还会造成环境污染，Skipping Rcks Lab发明了一种可以食用的包装材料Oh。本文介绍了Oh的食用方法、运输方法以及制作成本，并展望了其市场前景。
1．Hw is mst plastic dealt with in America?
A．It's sld.B．It's recycled.
C．It's buried. D．It's wasted.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Only 23% f all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning ver $1 billin wrth f plastic is treated as rubbish a year.”可知，在美国只有23%的塑料最终回到回收站，这意味着价值超过10亿美元的塑料被视为垃圾。据此可知，在美国，大部分塑料被当成垃圾处理了，故D项正确。
答案 D
2．Why did the team invent Oh?
A．T make a prfit fr a cmpany.
B．T prtect the envirnment.
C．T make peple eat as they drink.
D．T reduce the cst f the plastic bttles.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“And t much plastic is sure t d harm t the envirnment, which culd accunt fr their purpse f such a new inventin.”可知，由于塑料瓶的使用污染了环境，故Skipping Rcks Lab发明了一种可以食用的包装材料Oh，故B项正确。
答案 B
3．What can we infer abut Oh frm the text?
A．It is easy and safe t ship it in large amunts.
B．It has becme ppular since it began t be sld.
C．It might be sld at a lwer price than plastic bttles.
D．It cst the team a lt f mney t develp the technlgy.
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“The price fr an individual bubble r a unit f bubbles has nt been set yet, but they cst abut tw cents t create a unit, which is cheaper than plastic bttles.”可知，该产品的制造成本比塑料瓶低。据此可推知，该产品的售价也可能比塑料瓶低，故C项正确。
答案 C
4．What des the authr really want t say in the last paragraph?
A．Oh is t be a success in the future.
B．Oh is being supprted by smart peple.
C．Oh is taking the place f plastic bttles nw.
D．Oh is being prduced t attract mre investrs.
解析 推理判断题。根据尾段第一句“Oh is catching many peple's attentin and has raised ver $1 millin and gained 1,000 investrs in nly three days.”可知，Oh吸引了很多人的注意，在三天时间内就得到了1 000位投资者的关注，筹集到100多万美元；再结合最后一句“It is quickly making a rise，s keep an eye ut this year fr these bttles f the future.”可推知，作者最后一段想要表达的是，在未来Oh一定能获得成功，故A项正确。
答案 A
Ⅱ.七选五
Peple in Califrnia, US had a difficult time last Nvember. Wildfires that spread thrugh much f the state tk at least 85 lives. __1__
Wildfires are uncntrlled fires. They usually happen in areas where few peple live. They are mst cmmn in wded areas in the US, Canada and Australia. They are als knwn as frest fires r grass fires, r as bushfires in Australia.
Lightning strikes and vlcanic eruptins can cause wildfires. __2__ Dry and ht weather, as well as wind, creates perfect wildfire cnditins that cause wildfires. __3__
Wildfires can burn at ver 900 ℃ and reach heights f mre than 50 meters. They can mve at speeds f up t 23 kilmeters an hur, burning everything—trees, brushes, hmes, even peple—in their path.
__4__ In Australia, kalas can't get enugh water frm tree leaves because f wildfires. They have t leave their trees and find water smewhere else. But smetimes, fires can be gd fr sme plants. Heat frm the fires makes sme fungi (真菌), such as mrel mushrms (羊肚蘑), grw better. __5__
A．The fires are als dangerus t animals.
B．Here are sme ways t prevent wildfires.
C．Peple can find mre f them in the wild after a fire.
D．Hwever, 90 percent f wildfires are caused by humans.
E．They help wildfires spread quickly and last fr weeks.
F．This makes them the mst deadly wildfires in Califrnia.
G．Wildfires happen each year, taking lives and destrying prperty.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】 去年11月加州遭遇大火，并夺去85人的生命。文章介绍了野火的成因和危害。
1．F 空前一句提到火灾夺去至少85条人命，由此判断出F项“这使得这些野火成为加州最致命的野火。”符合语境。
2．D 该段说明的是野火的起因，空前和空后两句中的关键词cause提示，D项“然而，90%的野火由人类引起。”符合语境。
3．E 空前一句说明干燥炎热的天气和风创造了野火的完美条件，故E项“这帮助野火迅速蔓延并持续数周。”符合语境。
4．A 空后一段提到由于火灾，考拉从树叶里汲取不到足够的水分，这说明火灾对动物们很危险，故选项A正确。
5．C 空前一句说明火灾有助于一些真菌比如羊肚蘑的生长，因此火灾后，在野外可以找到许多真菌，故C项正确。
Ⅲ.短文改错
(2019·郑州质检)
This summer, I visited Hangzhu, and this jurney had impressed me deeply. Being a capital f Zhejiang Prvince, Hangzhu lies in the sutheast f China. There are a lt f place f interest. Amng them the West Lake is the best­knwn attractin, where water seem t melt int the sky by the distance. Besides, there are several museums lcating in Hangzhu that shw its unique culture. What's mre, yu can enjy many kinds f deliciusly lcal fd such as West Lake Fish in Vinegar Sauce and Dngp Prk. The peple there are friendly and kind, but they are wrking hard make the city mre beautiful.
What attractive and inviting Hangzhu is!
答案与解析

①考查动词的时态。短文叙述的是过去的经历，且and连接的两个并列句的谓语动词时态一致，应用一般过去时，故去掉had。
②考查固定短语。the capital f“……的省会/首都”。
③考查名词的单复数。a place f interest“名胜古迹”，其复数形式是places f interest。
④考查主谓一致，该句主语是water，故谓语应用第三人称单数形式。
⑤考查介词短语。in the distance“在远方”。
⑥考查非谓语动词。be lcated in“位于；坐落于”，在句中作定语，应用过去分词形式。
⑦考查形容词。修饰名词lcal fd，应用形容词作定语，故副词deliciusly改为delicius。
⑧考查连词。该句前后的friendly and kind和wrking hard是并列而非转折关系，应用连词and。
⑨考查非谓语动词。“努力工作使这个城市变得更美好”表目的，应用不定式作目的状语。
⑩考查感叹句。该句中心词是attractive and inviting，是形容词，应用Hw修饰。
Ⅳ.书面表达
我市正在开展全国文明城市创建活动，假定你是我市某外语学校的学生会主席，请你以学生会的名义用英文写一封倡议书，向全校同学发出做文明市民的倡议，内容包括：
1.倡议目的；
2.倡议内容(如注意个人文明、马路文明、环境卫生等)。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：全国文明城市Natinal Civilized City



[范文赏读]
Dear fellw students，
As yu all knw, ur gvernment is trying t make ur city a Natinal Civilized City. We hpe we can als d ur bits t help achieve this gal.
First f all, we shuld mind ur language and be civilized speakers. Always remember t say “Please” and “Thanks” and dn't talk r laugh ludly in public. When seeing peple in truble, we might as well lend them a helping hand. In additin, be civilized pedestrians. We must bey traffic rules，and never crss the streets when the traffic lights are red. Keeping ur envirnment nice and clean is als advisable, which means we shuldn't litter r spit in public places. Only by starting with the little things arund us can we make a big difference t ur city image.
Let's take actin nw and make jint effrts t make ur city mre civilized.
Student Unin