2021届高考英语二轮专题训练50分阅读理解提分练二课件20210223146

这是一份2021届高考英语二轮专题训练50分阅读理解提分练二课件20210223146，共49页。

Ⅰ. 阅读理解A(2020·济南高三月考) Clara packed her things at the Patent Office and went t her bss. “It’s been a pleasure wrking with yu, but I’m quitting my jb. ” She turned and left. “What are yu ding hme s early?” asked her sister Sally. “The Civil War is taking its tll n the Unin sldiers. I need t help them. ”
Sally chewed her lips and lked arund the rm. “I’m ging with yu. ” The tw vlunteered at the Washingtn Hspital. After several mnths, Clara became unsettled. “Sally, this isn’t enugh. I need t help the sldiers in the field and n the frnt lines. I’m leaving in the mrning. ” Sally’s brws rse int her frehead. “Clara! Yu can’t. It’s t dangerus. ” “The frnt line sldiers wh need help are in greater danger. ”
Clara gt dnatins where she culd and used her wn savings t buy supplies. She traveled frm battle t battle with three army wagns. She als rganized men t give first aid, carry water, and prepare fd fr the wunded. After many mnths f battlefield after battlefield, Clara tld her friend Rachel, “I finally received fficial permissin t bring supplies t battlefields. The wunded sldiers are s appreciative f all I d, they’ve named me the ‘Angel f the Battlefield. ’”
“That’s wnderful, ” said Rachel, “Yu certainly deserve the recgnitin. Yu’re ne f the bravest wmen I knw. ” After the Civil War ended, Clara went t Eurpe t rest her bdy and mind. S many years f helping sldiers and their families had wrn her dwn. While visiting Switzerland, Clara learned f the Internatinal Red Crss. Its missin t help war victims arund the wrld arused Clara’s interest and excitement. It als sparked an idea.
When she returned hme, Clara wrked t establish an American Red Crss. She even met with President Hayes t discuss it. Finally, n May 21, 1881, the American Red Crss was frmed. A mnth later, Clara was elected president f the rganizatin. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Clara Bartn是一名勇敢的女性, 她在内战时帮助受伤的士兵, 最后还建立了美国红十字会。
1. Where did Clara first vlunteer t help the Unin sldiers?A. Switzerland. B. The Patent Office. C. The frnt lines. D. The Washingtn Hspital. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段中The tw vlunteered at the Washingtn Hspital. 可知, Clara一开始在Washingtn Hspital帮助联邦士兵的。
2. Which f the fllwing wrds best describes Clara’s character?A. Fearless and devted. B. Generus and energetic. C. Humrus and brave. D. Cnsiderate and cnfident.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第六段Sally’s brws rse int her frehead. “Clara! Yu can’t. It’s t dangerus. ”和第七段“The frnt line sldiers wh need help are in greater danger. ”可知Clara不顾危险, 要前往前线帮助士兵, 说明她是个无畏的人; 以及第八段可知Clara在力所能及的地方募集捐款, 并用自己的积蓄购买供给品。她带着三辆军用马车从一个战场赶到另一个战场。她还组织了一些人给伤者进行急救、挑水和准备食物。由此可推知, Clara是个有奉献精神的人。
3. What is the text mainly abut?A. The suffering brught by the Civil War. B. The develpment f the American Red Crss. C. Wmen’s cntributins t the American peace. D. A great wman wh intrduced Red Crss int the USA. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知回到家后, Clara努力建立了一个美国红十字会。她甚至会见了Hayes总统讨论这个问题。最终, 在1881年5月21日, 美国红十字会成立。一个月后, Clara被选为该组织的主席。结合本文主要讲了Clara勇敢地帮助受伤的士兵, 最后建立了美国红十字会。由此可知, 这篇文章的主要内容是一位把红十字会引入美国的伟大妇女。
BThe Daffdil Lessn It was a bleak rainy day, and I had n desire t drive up the winding muntain rad t my daughter Carnlyn’s huse. But she had insisted that I cme t see smething at the tp f the muntain. S here I was, reluctantly making the tw-hur jurney thrugh fg that hung like veils. By the time I saw hw thick it was near the summit, I’d gne t far t turn back. Nthing culd be wrth this, I thught as I inched alng the dangerus highway.
“I’ll stay fr lunch, but I’m heading back dwn as sn as the fg lifts, ” I annunced when I arrived. “But I need yu t drive me t the garage t pick up my car” Carnlyn said. “Culd we at least d that?” “Hw far is it?” I asked. “Abut three minutes”, she said, “I’ll drive—I’m used t it. ” After ten minutes n the muntain rad, I lked at her anxiusly. “I thught yu said three minutes. ” She grinned, “This is a detur(绕道). ”
Turning dwn a narrw track, we parked the car and gt ut. We walked alng a path that was thick with ld pine needles. Huge black-green evergreens twered ver us. Gradually the peace and silence f the place began t fill my mind. Then we turned a crner and stpped—and I gasped in amazement.
Frm the tp f the muntain, slping fr several acres acrss flds and valleys, were rivers f daffdils in radiant blm. A prfusin(大量) f clr—frm the palest ivry t the deepest lemn t the mst vivid salmn—blazed like a carpet befre us. It lked as thugh the sun had tipped ver and spilled gld dwn the muntainside. At the center there was a waterfall f purple flwers. Here and there were cral-clred tulips. Western bluebirds frlicked(嬉戏)ver the heads f the daffdils, their tawny breasts and sapphire wings like a flutter f jewels. A rit f questins filled my mind. Wh created such beauty? Hw? When?
As we apprached the hme that std in the center f the prperty, we saw a sign that read: “Answers t the Questin I Knw Yu Are Asking. ” The first answer was “One Wman—Tw Hands, Tw Feet, and Very Little Brain”. The secnd was “One at a Time”. The third was “Started in 1958”. As we drve hme, I was s mved by what we had seen, I culd scarcely speak. “She changed the wrld, ” I finally said, “One bulb at a time. She started almst 60 years ag, prbably just the beginning f an idea, but she kept at it. ”
The wnder f it wuld nt let me g. “Imagine, ” I said. “If I’d had a visin and wrked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have accmplished?” Carnlyn lked at me sideways, smiling. “Start tmrrw, ” she said. “Better yet, start tday. ”【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的一次野外经历并从这次经历中感触到成功在于点滴的积累。
4. The passage is mainly abut ______.  A. a successful gardenerB. an inspiring gardening lessnC. a wrthwhile travelling experienceD. unexpected cuntryside scenery【解析】选C。主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者和女儿在野外遇到了大片的水仙花, 并对作者触动很大, 由此可知, 这是一次很有价值的经历。
5. The authr gasped in amazement because ______.  A. the rad twisted and turned alng the muntainB. the fg crwning the muntain lifted eventuallyC. the wner f the field came t answer her questinsD. the vast stretch f daffdil field tk her breath away【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第十一段的Frm the tp f the muntain, slping fr several acres acrss flds and valleys, were rivers f daffdils in radiant blm. 可知, 作者惊奇的是看到从山顶上, 绵延几英亩的坡地, 穿过山峦和山谷, 水仙花如河流般灿烂地绽放着。
6. What can be inferred frm the stry?A. The beautiful daffdil field was all alng the rad. B. The authr and her daughter planned the jurney well. C. The wner f the field spent a lt f time wrking in the field. D. The authr planned t wrk in the daffdil field the next day. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章的倒数第五段的内容, 尤其是Started in 1958. 可推断出, 这片田地的主人付出了很长时间的工作和努力才种出了这片花海。
7. What lessn did the authr learn frm this trip?A. East r west, hme is best. B. It is never t ld t learn. C. Birds f a feather flck tgether. D. Rme is nt built in a day. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第三段作者说的话“Imagine, ” I said, “if I’d had a visin and wrked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have accmplished?” 可知, 作者的感触: 成功在于点滴的积累。D项, 罗马非一日建成, 符合题意。
C　　Last July, Angela Peters, 36, rlled her wheelchair int a nail saln lcated at the Walmart shpping center in Burtn, Michigan, with the idea f painting her nails. But Peters, wh has cerebral palsy(脑瘫), was turned away. The saln (which is nt wned by Walmart), she says, tld her that they were afraid it wuld be t difficult t prperly d the jb given that her hands shk. What was meant t be a day f beauty bliss fr Peters was nw a disappintment.
Watching the interactin frm a few feet away was a Walmart cashier abut t g n her break. Ebny Harris, 40, recgnized Peters as a Walmart regular. Nw what she recgnized in Peters was a kindred spirit. “She’s just like yu, me, my daughter, anybdy, ” Harris tld ABC News, “She wants t lk pretty. S why can’t she?”  Harris apprached Peters. “D yu want me t d yur nails?” she asked. A smile spread acrss Peters’ face. “Yeah!” Having fund a table fr tw, Harris gently tk Peters’ hand int hers and carefully began painting her nails.
“I was a little nervus and was shaking because I didn’t want t mess her nails up, ” Harris admitted. “I tld her she’s a blessing t anybdy, nt just me. She makes me lk at life and appreciate it much mre than I have. ” Watching it all with amazement and admiratin was Subway emplyee Tasia Smith. What struck her mst was the ease and gentleness displayed by Harris as she painted Peters’ nails, all the while chatting as if they were ld friends. Smith was s taken by the scene that she wrte abut it n Facebk. “They were s patient with her, ” she wrte. “Thanks t the Walmart wrker fr making this beautiful girl’s day!”
Peters, wh runs a petry website, harbrs n bitterness tward the nail saln that turned her away. “When peple d us wrng, we must frgive, ” Peters wrte n Facebk. “I just want t educate peple that thse with different challenges, like being in a wheelchair, can have ur wn business and get ur nails dne like anyne else. ”【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了脑瘫患者Angela Peters想要做美甲, 但却因为自身的缺陷使得别人不敢为她服务。沃尔玛的一位员工看到这件事后主动为她做了美甲。一名地铁员工将此事写在了自己的社交网络上, Peters也在自己的社交网络上写到不同的人, 哪怕坐在轮椅上, 也能有自己的事业, 也能像别人一样做漂亮的指甲。
8. Why was Peters declined when she wanted t have her nails painted?A. She insisted n sitting in a wheelchair. B. She was nt a regular custmer f the saln. C. Her hands shk invluntarily due t disability. D. There was n need fr her t have nails painted.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。第一段提到“But Peters, wh has cerebral palsy, was turned away. The saln (which is nt wned by Walmart), she says, tld her that they were afraid it wuld be t difficult t prperly d the jb given that her hands shk. ”当Peters想去做美甲的时候却被拒绝了, 因为美甲沙龙里的服务员告诉她因为她的手会抖, 所以给她做美甲是一件非常困难的事情。
9. It can be inferred frm “a kindred spirit” in Paragraph 2 that ______.  A. Peters was in high spirits just like thers arund herB. Peters was apprached with special attentin and careC. Peters was mre tlerant f the denial than nrmal pepleD. Peters was n different frm the peple arund her【解析】选D。词义猜测题。第二段中提到“She’s just like yu, me, my daughter, anybdy”沃尔玛的员工Harris觉得Peters就像是你, 我, 也像是她的女儿, 就跟平常人没有任何不一样的地方。
10. In Paragraph 4, Harris referred t Angela Peters as “a blessing” because ______.  A. Peters deserved t be happy and be treated kindlyB. Harris was reminded why she shuld be gratefulC. Harris felt bliged t ffer her a hand n a vluntary basisD. Peters gt her nails dne despite the previus rejectin【解析】选B。推理判断题。第四段最后一句提到“She makes me lk at life and appreciate it much mre than I have. ”在Harris帮Peters做美甲的过程中, 她是非常小心翼翼的, 因为Peters的出现让Harris比以前更多地观察生活, 并欣赏生活。从而推断出这使得Harris想起为什么她应该心存感激。
11. What may be Angela Peters’ guiding principle in life?A. Beauty is abut having a pretty mind, a pretty sul, as well as pretty petry. B. Frgive thers wh have wrnged us, and we are likely t enjy ur life mre. C. Being grateful is a way t sing fr ur life which cmes just frm ur lve and hpe. D. Life is a mirrr and will reflect back t the thinker what he thinks int it.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。最后一段第二句提到“When peple d us wrng, we must frgive”当人们对我们做了不好的事时, 我们要原谅他们。即原谅那些曾经伤害过我们的人, 我们就会更享受我们的生活。由此判断Peters想要过一种更包容的生活, 并且享受生活。
D　　Genetic mdificatin (基因修饰) dates back t ancient times, when humans influenced genetics by selectively breeding rganisms (培育生物) accrding t an article by Gabriel Rangel, a public health scientist at Harvard University. When repeated ver several generatins, this prcess leads t great changes in the rganisms.
Dgs were likely the first animals t be purpsefully genetically mdified, with the beginnings f that effrt dating back abut 32, 000 years, accrding t Rangel. Wild wlves jined ur hunter-gatherer ancestrs in East Asia, where the aggressive canines were kept in the husehld and bred t becme dcile and easier t get alng with. Over thusands f years, peple bred dgs with different desired character and physical characteristics, eventually leading t the wide variety f dgs we see tday.
The earliest knwn genetically mdified plant is wheat. This valuable crp is thught t have riginated in the Middle East and nrthern Africa in the area knwn as the Fertile Crescent, accrding t a 2015 article published in the Jurnal f Traditinal and Cmplementary Medicine. Ancient farmers selectively bred wheat grasses beginning arund 9000 B. C. t create imprved varieties with larger grains and hardier seeds. By 800 B. C. , the cultivatin (培养) f imprved wheat had spread acrss Eurpe and Asia. The cntinued selective cultivatin f wheat resulted in the thusands f varieties that are grwn tday.
Crn has als experienced sme f greatest genetic changes ver the past few thusand years. The main crp was changed frm a plant knwn as tesinte, a wild grass with tiny ears and nly a few seeds. Over time, farmers selectively bred the tesinte grasses t create crn with large ears bursting with seeds. Beynd thse crps, many f the fruit and vegetables we eat tday, including bananas, apples and tmates, have experienced several generatins f selective raising, accrding t Rangel.
In 1973, researchers als mdified bacteria t be used as drugs. In 1982, human insulin (胰岛素) made frm genetically engineered bacteria became the first genetically engineered human drugs apprved by the FDA. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。哈佛大学公共卫生科学家Gabriel Rangel的一篇文章称, 基因修饰可以追溯到古代, 当时人类通过选择性繁殖生物体来影响基因。经过几代人的重复, 这个过程会导致生物体发生巨大变化。文章主要介绍了有关基因改造的相关内容。
12. What des the wrd “dcile” in Paragraph 2 mst prbably mean?A. Gentle. 　　　　　B. Lyal. C. Smart. D. Ambitius. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据上文“. . . the aggressive canines were kept in the husehld and bred. . . ”及画线词后“. . . easier t get alng with. ”可推断好斗的犬科动物被养在家里, 并被培育成温顺、容易相处的动物, 由此可知画线词意思是“温顺的”。
13. Hw did the ancient farmers try t imprve wheat?A. Thrugh selective cultivatin. B. By editing its genes cnstantly. C. Thrugh mixture with tesinte. D. By planting it in large numbers. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中Ancient farmers selectively bred wheat grasses beginning arund 9000 B. C. t create imprved varieties with larger grains and hardier seeds. 可知大约从公元前9000年开始, 古代农民选择性地培育小麦草, 以创造出更大的谷物和更坚韧的种子的改良品种。由此可知, 古时候的农民是通过选择性栽培来改良小麦的。
14. What can we infer abut genetic mdificatin?A. It is rarely seen in daily life. B. It is quite difficult t accept. C. It is hardly influenced by humans. D. It has played a rle in medical field. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中In 1982, human insulin made frm genetically engineered bacteria became the first genetically engineered human drugs apprved by the FDA. 可知1982年, 由基因工程细菌制成的人体胰岛素成为第一个被FDA批准的基因工程人体药物。由此可推断, 基因改良在医疗领域起着一定的作用。
15. Frm which sectin f a newspaper is the text mst prbably taken?A. Health. B. Lifestyle. C. Science. D. Agriculture.
【解析】选C。文章出处题。根据第一段Genetic mdificatin dates back t ancient times, when humans influenced genetics by selectively breeding rganisms accrding t an article by Gabriel Rangel, a public health scientistat Harvard University. When repeated ver several generatins, this prcess leads t great changes in the rganisms. 可知哈佛大学公共卫生科学家Gabriel Rangel的一篇文章称, 基因修饰可以追溯到古代, 当时人类通过选择性繁殖生物体来影响基因。经过几代人的重复, 这个过程会导致生物体发生巨大变化。结合本文主要介绍了基因修饰的相关内容, 由此可推断, 本文最有可能出自报纸的“科学”版块。
Ⅱ. 七选五　　 Peple ften say that “failure is the mther f success”. 　16　 As a result, Manal, a prfessr f educatinal psychlgy in Japan says, “We knw we shuldn’t give up when we fail—but in reality, we d. ”  Manal and Manu, a prfessr f learning sciences in Swiss, put tgether a special issue (专利) last December n benefiting frm failure. The issue’s 15 studies prvide teachers and educatinal researchers with a guide fr achieving success. 　17　 Anther cnfirmed that advice n failures is mst cnstructive when the receiver is prepared t experience unpleasant feelings.  
Manal and his c-authrs als fcused n vercming ne everyday frm f failure: nt cmpleting a task. They asked 131 students t write an article abut their schl experiences. Half f the students received instructins fr their writing, and half were left t their wn. 　18　 Afterward the researchers fund that thse in the instructed grup were mre willing t cmplete their articles, cmpared with thse wh lacked guidance—even if the latter were clser t being dne. 　19　 
　20　 Stephanie Cuch, the directr f the Lemelsn-MIT Prgram, hlds the pinin. Cuch, whse wrk was als featured in the special issue, says that we shuld tell them t think f failure as part f a prcess tward success.  A. Hwever, all were stpped befre finishing. B. The saying shws the imprtance f success. C. Teaching students nt t fear failure makes gals achieved mre easily. D. One study reprted that the sner students fail, the sner they can mve frward.
E. They believed that learning hw t fail can help peple avid becming lasting failures. F. Thugh having sme truth t it, the saying des nt tell us hw t turn a lss int a win. G. Knwing hw t finish, in ther wrds, was mre imprtant than being clse t finishing. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。人们常说“失败是成功之母”。这句话虽然有一定道理, 但并没有告诉我们如何化输为胜。文章主要介绍了日本教育心理学教授Manal的一项研究表明学生越早失败, 他们就能越早前进。告诉我们要教会学生不要害怕失败, 这会让目标更容易实现。
16. 【解析】选F。根据上文Peple ften say that “failure is the mther f success”. 可知人们常说“失败是成功之母”。以及第二段中The issue’s 15 studies prvide teachers and educatinal researchers with a guide fr achieving success. 可知本期的15项研究为教师和教育研究者提供了成功的指南。由此可知, 本句承接上文对“失败是成功之母”这句话进行评价, 认为虽然说得有道理, 但是也指出这句话并没有告诉我们如何将失败变成胜利, 与后文一项研究提供了成功指南相呼应。故F选项“这句话虽然有一些道理, 但并没有告诉我们如何将失败变成胜利”符合上下文语境, 故选F。
17. 【解析】选D。根据后文Anther cnfirmed that advice n failures is mst cnstructive when the receiver is prepared t experience unpleasant feelings. 可知另一项研究证实, 当接受失败的人准备经历不愉快的感觉时, 关于失败的建议最有建设性。由此可知, 本句是在说明一项研究结果, 且后文Anther与D选项中One相对应, ne. . . anther. . . 表示“一个……另一个……”。故D选项“一项研究表明, 学生越早失败, 他们就能越早进步”符合上下文语境, 故选D。
18. 【解析】选A。根据本段第一句Manal and his c-authrs als fcused n vercming ne everyday frm f failure: nt cmpleting a task. 可知Manal和他的合著者们还专注于克服一种常见的失败: 没有完成任务。由此可知, 这项研究需要在学生们完成写作任务之前就停止。故A选项“然而, 所有这些都在完成前停止了”符合上下文语境, 故选A。
19. 【解析】选G。根据上文Afterward the researchers fund that thse in the instructed grup were mre willing t cmplete their articles, cmpared with thse wh lacked guidance—even if the latter were clser t being dne. 可知之后, 研究人员发现, 接受指导的小组与缺乏指导的小组相比, 更愿意完成他们的文章——即使后者更接近完成。由此可知, 本句承接上文说明, 这项研究结果证明, 知道如何完成比接近完成更重要。故G选项“换句话说, 知道如何完成比接近完成更重要”符合上下文语境, 故选G。