2021届高考英语二轮专题训练50分阅读理解提分练三课件

这是一份2021届高考英语二轮专题训练50分阅读理解提分练三课件，共53页。

Ⅰ. 阅读理解A　　The Natinal Air and Space Museum in Washingtn, DC has thusands f bjects n display, including the 1903 Wright Flyer, Charles Lindbergh’s Spirit f St. Luis, the Apll 11 Cmmand Mdule Clumbia, and a lunar rck yu can tuch. In additin t ur exhibitin galleries, yu may want t visit the Albert Einstein Planetarium, Lckheed Martin IMAX Theatre, and the Public Observatry n the east end. There are many things t d at the Museum in DC. We ffer daily turs and educatinal activities fr bth
children and adults. We als have scheduled lectures and events thrughut the year. Hurs and Admissin: Open every day except December 25. Admissin is free. Regular Hurs: 10: 00 a. m. t 5: 30 p. m. Extended Hurs: 10: 00 a. m. t 7: 30 p. m. December 26-30, 2016 March 30-April 20, 2017 Fridays and Saturdays, April 24-May 16, 2017 May 17-September 7, 2017
VISITING TIPS: Limit the number f bags: All visitrs are screened thrugh metal detectrs upn entry. The fewer items yu bring inside the Museum, the faster yur entry will be. Befre yu visit, please review the list f prhibited items, which include pcket knives and tripds (三脚架). Visitrs carrying prhibited items will nt be allwed inside the Museum, s please leave them at hme r in yur car.
N Fd r Drink: Only bttled water is permitted in the Museum. Yu may nly cnsume fd and ther drinks in the Fd Curt, nt in the Museum. Grups wh bring fd are encuraged t picnic n the Natinal Mall. Please Take Phts: Yu are welcme t take phts fr persnal use. Hwever, tripds and mnpds (单脚架) are nt permitted withut apprval. First Aid: The Museum has a First Aid ffice and a nurse n duty. Please cntact the nearest security fficer r the Welcme Centre fr assistance.
Visit the Welcme Centre: At ur Welcme Centre in the Suth Lbby, staff and vlunteers can answer any questins yu have during yur visit. Open: 10: 00 a. m. t 5: 30 p. m. Phne: 202-633-2214 E-mail: NASM-visitrservice@ si. edu【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了位于华盛顿特区的国家航空航天博物馆的相关信息。
1. Accrding t the passage, the Natinal Air and Space Museum is a museum ______.  A. where nly adults can take part in sme educatinal activitiesB. where ne can tuch anything he likesC. everyne can visit withut time limits all the year rundD. everyne can pay a visit t withut buying tickets
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第一段倒数第二句We ffer daily turs and educatinal activities fr bth children and adults. (我们每天为儿童和成人提供旅游和教育活动。)以及Admissin is free. (免费入场)可知, 游客既可以是儿童也可以是成人, 而且入馆是免费的, 不需要买票。
2. A visitr t the Museum can ______.  A. take phts with tripds fr persnal useB. get sme medical treatment if he suddenly falls illC. bring fewer bags t g thrugh metal detectrsD. eat and drink in the Museum r in the Fd Curt【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章First Aid部分内容The Museum has a First Aid ffice and a nurse n duty. Please cntact the nearest security fficer r the Welcme Centre fr assistance. (博物馆有一个急救室和一个值班护士, 需要急救帮助时可以与就近的保安或迎宾中心联系。)可知, 如果游客出现突发疾病, 可以获得医疗救助。
3. The purpse f this passage is t ______.  A. attract peple t explre the universeB. encurage adults t bring their children thereC. make an advertisement fr the museumD. shw what is n display in the museum
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章结构为总分结构, 首段第一句话揭示文章主旨: The Natinal Air and Space Museum in Washingtn, DC has thusands f bjects n display, including the 1903 Wright Flyer, Charles Lindbergh’s Spirit f St. Luis, the Apll 11 Cmmand Mdule Clumbia, and a lunar rck yu can tuch. ( 位于华盛顿特区的国家航空航天博物馆展出了数千件物品, 包括1903年的莱特飞行器, 查尔斯·林德伯格的圣路易斯精神号, 阿波罗11号指令舱哥伦比亚号, 以及你可以触摸到的月球岩石。), 且通读全文可知, 本文从博物馆的展出物品, 营业时间, 注意事项, 通讯方式等方面介绍了博物馆的相关信息, 因此可推断文章的主要目的是宣传博物馆, 吸引游客。
B　　There are prbably n peple n Earth wh like t gssip as much as the British. If prying int (打探) ther’s lives were an Olympic sprt, then Team GB wuld surely take the gld medal.
And when the British can’t watch the lives f real peple, they have anther surce f entertainment t fall back n — the sap pera. British sap peras are very different t US TV dramas. Fr ne, they are nrmally lnger running. The tw mst ppular, Crnatin Street and East-enders, have been running fr 48 and 24 years respectively. Bth are bradcast several times a week, s remarkably there have been mre than 7, 000 episdes f Crnatin Street.
The mst bvius difference is that, unlike US dramas, the British sap peras fcus n the real wrld. There is little glamur (魅力), the stars are rarely rich, and they nrmally have bring jbs. Perhaps the appeal is that the lives f the characters ften mirrr the lives f the audience — but with sme drama added. This means the viewer can relate t the characters and feel the pain and happiness they g thrugh n the shw.
Because these sap peras last fr decades, the cast is ever changing. The shws rarely fcus n ne r tw main characters. Like the real wrld, peple cme and g all the time. Hwever, there are exceptins. Crnatin Street’s William Rache, 76, has played the rle f Ken Barlw since the very first episde f the shw in 1960, and he is still a regular.
The chice f which sap pera yu fllw is ften cultural: Peple frm the nrth f British tend t watch Crnatin Street as it is set in Manchester. Peple frm the suth generally prefer East-enders, which is set in the east f Lndn. The shw is generally cnsidered grittier and is aimed at a yunger audience. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。世界上恐怕没有人比英国人更爱八卦了。当英国人看不到人们现实的生活时, 他们还有另一种娱乐来源——肥皂剧。文章介绍了英国的肥皂剧和美国的电视剧的区别和特点。
4. What is the main difference between American dramas and British sap peras?A. American dramas are lnger. B. British sap peras are lnger. C. American dramas deal with dangerus things. D. British sap peras deal with real peple.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的The mst bvius difference is that, unlike US dramas, the British sap peras fcus n the real wrld. (最明显的区别是, 与美国电视剧不同, 英国肥皂剧关注的是现实世界)可知, 美剧与英国肥皂剧的主要区别在于英国肥皂剧与真人有关。
5. Why d British peple like t watch such peras?A. They can find their wn life frm the peras. B. They can enjy the peras in their free time. C. They can watch the peras fr many years. D. They care abut the fate f the characters in the peras.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的Perhaps the appeal is that. . . audience(或许吸引人的地方是电视剧中人物的生活往往反映了观众的生活)以及This means the viewer can relate t the characters and feel the pain and happiness they g thrugh n the shw. (这意味着观众可以与角色产生共鸣, 感受他们在剧中所经历的痛苦和快乐)可知, 英国人喜欢这种电视剧是由于他们从中找到自己的生活。
6. The underlined wrd “episdes” in the 2nd paragraph prbably means ______.  A. plays 　　　　　　　B. pages C. issues D. parts【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的The tw mst ppular, Crnatin Street and East-enders, have been running fr 48 and 24 years respectively. Bth are bradcast several times a week(其中最受欢迎的两个是Crnatin Street和East-enders, 它们已经分别上映了48年和24年。这两个节目每周播出几次)可推知, mre than 7, 000 episdes f Crnatin Street意为“Crnatin Street有7000多集”。part (片段)与画线词意思接近。
7. One characteristic f British sap peras is that ______.  A. the characters play the same rle fr a lng timeB. the characters in the play ften changeC. peple dn’t knw what will happen nextD. there is nly ne r tw characters in them【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Because these sap peras last fr decades, the cast is ever changing. The shws rarely fcus n ne r tw main characters. (因为这些肥皂剧持续了几十年, 演员阵容一直在变化。电视剧很少集中于一两个主要角色)可推知, 英国肥皂剧中的角色经常变化。
C　　February, 2015, a Suth Krean wman was sleeping n the flr when her rbt vacuum (吸尘器) ate her hair, frcing her t call fr emergency help. It surely isn’t what Stephen Hawking warned us that intelligent devices “mean the end f the human race”. But it des highlight ne f the unexpected dangers f inviting rbts int ur hme. There are many examples f intelligent technlgy ging bad, but mre ften than nt, they invlve cheating rather than physical danger.
Meanwhile, increasing evidence suggests that we, especially children, tend t tell ur deepest, darkest secrets t human rbts. S hw d we prtect urselves frm giving-away cde? Once yu’ve invited a rbt int yur hme, yu need t manage yur expectatins. Mvies and marketing may have tld us t expect deep interactin with rbts friends but we’ve still gt a lng way t g befre they are as scially aware as described. Given the gulf between expectatin and reality, it’s imprtant t avid being tricked.
The message is clear: as rbts became increasingly cnnected t the internet, and able t respnd t natural language, yu need t be especially cautius abut figuring ut wh r what yu are talking abut. We als need t think abut hw infrmatin is being stred and shared when it cmes t rbts that can recrd ur every mve. Sme recrding devices may have been designed fr entertainment but can easily be adapted fr mre dangerus purpses. Take Nixie, the wearable camera that can fly ff yur wrist at a mment’s ntice and take shts arund yu in the air. It desn’t take much imaginatin t see hw such technlgy culd be taken advantage f.
Mst peple prtect their secrets in the presence f a recrding device. But what happens nce we get used t a rbt arund the huse, answering every instructin and call? We may be at risk f letting ur guard dwn, treating them as extended member f ur family. If the technlgy arund us is able t recrd and prcess speech, images and mvement, r listen secretly t us, what will happen t that infrmatin? Where will it be stred?Wh will have access? If ur internet histry can be a mirrr, these details culd be wrth their gld weight t advertisement cmpany. If we grw accustmed t having trustwrthy rbts getting int ur daily life, ur wrds and deeds culd easily becme ver-expsed.
S, what is the safest way t welcme rbts int ur hmes, public spaces, and scial lives? We shuld be cautiusly ptimistic that intelligent machines culd becme enriching cmpanins, while acknwledging that we need t determine strict bundaries fr rbts. We might think f expanding the reach f cnsumer prtectin agencies r creating new rbt-centered plicies. Advances in rbts may call fr a bdy respnsible fr the cmbinatin f rbts with sciety. There shuld be smene t turn t shuld yur rbt cmmit a crime, steal yur card. . . r try t eat yur hair.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述生活中的机器人很可能会给人们带来危险。8. The hair-eating stry in Paragraph 1 is intended t______.  A. shw the pr quality f the prductB. warn us t keep far away frm vacuumC. intrduce the tpic f the discussinD. appeal t us t take pity n the victim
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段中But it des highlight ne f the unexpected dangers f inviting rbts int ur hme. 但它确实突出了邀请机器人到我们家里来的意想不到的危险之一。可知, 第一段描述机器人吃头发的故事的目的是引出机器人隐患的问题, 介绍本文真正要讨论的话题。
9. Accrding t the writer, it is wise t______.  A. tell ur deepest, darkest secrets t human rbts straightlyB. have deep interactin with rbts friends eagerlyC. make rbts mre scially aware than they are describedD. manage ur expectatins and adjust ur trust twards rbts
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段中Once yu’ve invited a rbt int yur hme, yu need t manage yur expectatins. 一旦你邀请了一个机器人到你家里, 你需要管理你的期望。以及第五段中yu need t be especially cautius abut figuring ut wh r what yu are talking abut. 你需要特别小心地弄清楚你在谈论的是谁或什么。可知, 根据作者的观点, 管理我们的期望和调整我们对机器人的信任是明智的。
10. The last tw paragraphs are mainly abut______.  A. sme reasns why we shuld be careful with rbtsB. sme backgrund infrmatin f the writer’s cnclusinC. sme measures t be taken t deal with the prblemD. sme cnclusin drawn frm a series f experiments【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中S, what is the safest way t welcme rbts int ur hmes, public spaces, and scial lives? 那么, 欢迎机器人进入我们的家庭、公共空间和社会生活的最安全的方式是什么?可知, 最后两段主要是关于处理这个问题的一些措施。
11. The writer’s attitude t ur ver-trusting rbts can best be described as______.  A. psitiveB. bjectiveC. ptimisticD. critical
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第七段中If we grw accustmed t having trustwrthy rbts getting int ur daily life, ur wrds and deeds culd easily becme ver-expsed. 如果我们习惯于让值得信赖的机器人进入我们的日常生活, 我们的言行就很容易过度暴露。以及倒数第二段中We shuld be cautiusly ptimistic that intelligent machines culd becme enriching cmpanins, while acknwledging that we need t determine strict bundaries fr rbts. 我们应该谨慎乐观地认为, 智能机器可以成为丰富的伙伴, 同时承认我们需要为机器人确定严格的界限。可知, 作者对于我们过度信任的机器人的态度是批评的。
D(2020·泰安高三期末) Mre than 40% f the insects arund us culd becme extinct in next few decades. Simultaneusly, the ppulatin f the adaptable and general species like that f huseflies, cckraches and fleas is likely t blm. Althugh sme species f insects are vectrs (带菌者)f serius diseases, r thers destry crp, but a wrld withut insects is incnceivable. Their imprtance in intercnnected ecsystems and fd chains can never be undermined. Insects have essential rles in terrestrial and freshwater ecsystems as herbivres, carnivres and decmpsers.
There are 17 times as many insects as humans, and these numbers are essential fr prper functining f all ecsystems. Insects are respnsible fr pllinating arund 75% f the crps in the wrld and als serve as fd fr ther creatures. They replenish sils and keep the number f pests in check. The primary cause f this extinctin is lss f habitat. Be it the grasslands r wetlands, everything is vanishing in man’s quest twards intensive agriculture and urbanizatin.
Anther cause f this decline is the excessive use f pesticides, fertilizers and intrduced invasive species. As if this wasn’t enugh, climate change and pllutin f all srts have already started wrsening their lives. Climate changemay als cause emergence f new pests and ther vectr-brne insects. The biggest threat f Insect Armageddn cmes frm Germany, where 75% f insect ppulatin have declined in just 30 years and frm Puert Ric, where due t 2 degree rise in temperature, there has been 60 fld decline in invertebrate (无脊椎的)ppulatin since the 1970s.
Hwever, the fact that insects getting extinct is a glbal crisis is undisputed. But the neat thing abut insects is, we all can d ur bit t save them. We all can maintain pesticide-free kitchen gardens and rganic farms. We can plant flwers and trees and invite them t nest again. Maybe this tragedy wuld have never arisen in the first place and yu wuld nt have t read this article, if the wrld had stpped using all kinds f pesticides immediately after Rachel Carsn had published the Silent Spring. Cnserving the insect bidiversity is nt ur respnsibility. It is a necessity because if they g, s will we.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。昆虫在生态系统和食物链中扮演着重要角色, 但是超过40%的昆虫在未来几十年可能灭绝, 文章分析了其原因并呼吁我们保护昆虫物种。
12. Why can’t we stand a wrld withut insects?A. Fr their parts in glbal eclgy. B. Fr their lnger histry than humans’. C. Fr their shckingly large ppulatin. D. Fr the appearance f new insect species. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Their imprtance in intercnnected ecsystems and fd chains can never be undermined. ”可知, 昆虫在全球生态中扮演重要的角色, 所以我们无法承受一个没有昆虫的世界。
13. What des the underlined wrd “undisputed” in Paragraph 7 mean?A. Pssible. B. DubtlessC. Exact. D. Flexible. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第七段第二句“但是关于昆虫的一个好事是, 我们可以尽我们的一点力量来挽救它们”, 由此可推知前一句“Hwever, the fact that insects getting extinct is a glbal crisis is undisputed. ”的意思是“然而, 昆虫正在灭绝是全球危机的事实是毫无疑问的”, 所以“undisputed”的意思是“无疑的, 确实的”。
14. Which f the fllwing may best explain the extinctin f insect species?A. Climate change. B. Human activities. C. The abuse f chemicals. D. The agriculture. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段灭绝的首要原因是栖息地的丧失。无论是草地或湿地, 一切都在人类对集约型农业和城市化的探索中正在消失。可知, 昆虫物种的灭绝是由于人类活动。
15. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?A. Calling n us t d smething t save insects. B. Intrducing the urgent situatin insects are facing. C. Presenting us ways t handle the glbal crises. D. Treating differently beneficial and harmful insects. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。通读全文内容并结合文章最后两句“Cnserving the insect bidiversity is nt ur respnsibility. It is a necessity because if they g, s will we. ”可推知, 作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁我们为挽救昆虫尽一点力量。
Ⅱ. 七选五　　Living in a culture that is different frm yur wn can be bth an exciting and challenging experience. 　16　 Here are sme majr cultural differences between China and the US t help prmte mutual understanding.  Privacy Chinese peple d nt have the same cncept f privacy as Americans d. They talk abut tpics such as ages, incme r marital status, which Americans think is annying and intrusive(侵扰的).
Family In China, elders are traditinally treated with enrmus respect and dignity while the yung are cherished and nurtured. In America, the gal f the family is t encurage independence, particularly that f the children. 　17　 
Friends Chinese peple have different meanings t define friends. 　18　 Friendship means lifelng friends wh feel deeply bligated t give each ther whatever help might seem required. Americans always call peple they meet friends, s the definitin f friends is general and different. There are wrk friends, playing friends, schl friends and drinking friends.  Mney 　19　 They are always cnservative when they are planning t spend mney. It is different in the USA, where far fewer families are saving mney fr emergencies and educatin than their Chinese cunterparts.  
　20　 　　Basically, China values the cmmunity and the US values the individual. If yu achieve smething in the US, it’s because yu were great. While in China, if yu achieve smething, it’s because the team, r family, r cmpany is great. Everything yu d gets attributed t the greater whle, while in America individual merits are celebrated. A. Cllectivism vs. IndividualismB. Yu’re welcme t leave yur cmments. C. As is knwn t all, the Chinese like t save.
D. Educatin and Career vs. Character and FaithE. Just hanging ut tgether time t time is nt friendship. F. Unlike the Chinese, lder Americans seldm live with their children. G. Yu have t learn different cultural practices and try t adapt t them. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。生活在一个与你自己的文化不同的文化中, 是一种既令人兴奋又具有挑战性的经历。你必须学习不同的文化习俗, 并努力去适应它们。文章主要说明了中美之间的一些主要文化差异, 以帮助促进相互理解。
16. 【解析】选G。结合后文Here are sme majr cultural differences between China and the US t help prmte mutual understanding. 可知以下是中美之间的一些主要文化差异, 以帮助促进相互理解。由此可知, 生活在一个与你自己的文化不同的文化中, 要求你必须学习不同的文化习俗, 并努力去适应它们。后文就中美之间的一些主要文化差异展开了说明, 也证实了这一点。故G选项“你必须学习不同的文化习俗, 并努力去适应它们”符合上下文语境。
17. 【解析】选F。根据上文In China, elders are traditinally treated with enrmus respect and dignity while the yung are cherished and nurtured. In America, the gal f the family is t encurage independence, particularly that f the children. 可知在中国, 老年人传统上受到极大的尊重, 有极高的尊严, 而年轻人则被珍惜和培养。在美国, 家庭的目标是鼓励独立, 尤其是孩子们的独立。由此可知, 上文提到了美国人对孩子培养的态度, 本句承接上文说明, 美国的情况是老年人很少和他们的孩子住在一起。故F选项“与中国人不同, 美国老年人很少和他们的孩子住在一起”符合上下文语境。
18. 【解析】选E。根据后文Friendship means lifelng friends wh feel deeply bligated t give each ther whatever help might seem required. 可知友谊意味着终身的朋友, 他们感到有义务给对方任何可能需要的帮助。由此可知, 本句是在说明中国人对待友谊的一些看法。故E选项“只是经常一起出去玩不是友谊”符合上下文语境。
19. 【解析】选C。根据后文They are always cnservative when they are planning t spend mney. It is different in the USA, where far fewer families are saving mney fr emergencies and educatin than their Chinese cunterparts. 可知他们在花钱的时候总是很保守。但美国的情况不同, 与中国家庭相比, 很少有美国家庭为紧急情况和教育存钱。由此可知, 本句是在说明中国人与美国人对待金钱观念不同, 中国人有储蓄的习惯。故C选项“众所周知, 中国人喜欢储蓄”符合上下文语境。