2021届高考英语“中国元素”之阅读理解 中国社会（一）

这是一份2021届高考英语“中国元素”之阅读理解 中国社会（一），共10页。
Lking fr a place t take a rest,sip a cup f cffee and have a furry cmpanin? Welcme t animal-themed cafes.
In recent years,the cmbinatin f pets and catering has becme incredibly ppular in many cities thrughut China.While many cafes started ut ffering the cmpany f cats and dgs,thers are expanding their range.Sme cafes include animals like squirrels,raccns and even capybaras.
In reviews,internet users have cmmented that their main reasn fr visiting these businesses is t interact clsely with animals they have nly seen frm afar.
“The custmers lve animals.They are curius abut these pets and want t raise ne at hme,but circumstances dn’t allw it,”said pet cafe wner Tian Rui,Liu Jing,a Beijing resident wh wrks in finance,lves pigs,but her parents wuld nt endrse her getting ne as a pet.The 24-year-ld had t admire the animals thrugh vides and images.But nw,she can have clse cntact with an adrable pig every weekend in a pet cafe.
Als,these pet cafes serve as a shelter fr thse wh find cmfrt in being arund animals.“In this place,yu can get clse t the cute little nes in a very cmfrtable way withut having t wrry abut safety and hygiene(卫生)—verall,it is an extremely cmfrtable experience,”said Zha Ming frm Tianjin,30,a frequent pet cafe visitr.
Animal lvers als expect the pet cafes t change peple’s attitudes tward pets.Animals like ducks,pigs and sheep have been served as fd fr many years.Peple hardly see them as pets.But the pet cafes help shift their attitude frm seeing them as playthings t regarding them as family members r clse friends.
“Whether at hme r in stres,these little animals are there fr cmpaninship and they bring warmth t ur hearts.They care and understand just like family members.They give us much mre than the lve we give t them,”Zha said.
1.Why d peple visit pet cafes?
A.T pursue inner peace.
B.T appreciate animal images.
C.T experience a clean envirnment.
D.T have clse cntact with animals.
2.What des the underlined wrd“endrse”in Paragraph 4 mean?
A.Believe in.B.Apprve f.C.Prevent.D.Suspect.
3.We can cnclude frm Paragraph 6 that pet cafes may__________.
A.change ur views f animals
B.teach us hw t lk after pets better
C.shw us the imprtance f having pets
D.remind us t value ur family and friends
4.Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A.Cafes Enjy Great Ppularity
B.Ideal Shelters fr Lvely Animals
C.Animals Turn int Cmpanins
D.Animal Lvers frm Different Cities
二、
It shuld be ne f the main gals in tday sciety t reduce plastic cnsumptin. Thugh many believe recycling will slve the prblem, and cntinue using plastic, it's actually the ppsite. In 2013, 254 millin tns f trash was prduced in the U.S. alne, and nly arund 30% was recycled. This means the rest ended up in a landfill and will stay there fr up t 1000 years.
Recently, China has stpped imprting trash frm all ver the wrld. Befre this, ver 30% f the wrld's waste wuld end up in China, causing a ppular belief that Asian cuntries are thse respnsible fr creating the majrity f the waste in the wrld. Nw, Asian cuntries, including Vietnam and Thailand, are lking fr new ideas t avid plastic. One f thse ideas was a new, ec-friendly way t pack their gds by aviding plastic packaging.
One f Perfect Hmes Chiangmai's team members nticed a creative way t reduce plastic that a supermarket called Rimping Supermarket was using and decided t take phts f their shelves with his phne. Little did he knw that peple all arund the wrld wuld abslutely lve this idea. "I just ppped in t get a few items while we were waiting t sign sme cntracts(合同) with ur lawyer, wh was delayed. When I nticed the vegetables wrapped in banana leaves and simply liked the idea, I tk a few pictures and psted them nline.” he said.
With mre than 3.5 millin views and ver 17 thusand shares, the idea became smething peple can encurage mre supermarkets t implement(贯彻).
Sme have nticed that nt everything n the shelves is cmpletely plastic-free, t which the supermarket respnded that they are taking ne step at a time, but it's nt that easy. Many prducts cme t the supermarkets pre-packaged and many cmpanies are interested in wrapping their prduce in plastic since it is the cheapest and the easiest ptin.
It's nw up t the shppers t shw the supermarket which they prefer. If everyne pts fr the banana leaf packaging, they will prbably stp stcking the items in plastic.
1.What can we infer abut recycling frm paragraph 1?
A.The authr thinks highly f recycling.
B.The US did a great jb in recycling in 2013.
C.Recycling has failed t slve the plastic prblem.
D.Recycling helps a lt in reducing plastic cnsumptin.
2.Why did the man g t Rimping Supermarket?
A.T take phts f their shelves.
B.T meet with their lawyer there.
C.T buy sme items.
D.T sign sme cntracts with the supermarket.
3.What des the underlined phrase “pts fr" in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A.Dubts.B.Discusses.C.DislikesD.Chses.
4.What is the best title f the passage?
A.Leaf Packaging Ges Viral(走红)
B.Reducing Plastic Cnsumptin
C.Recycling Avids Plastic Packaging
D.A Gd Optin Makes A Difference
三、
March 21 is Wrld Sleep Day. On March 18, the China Sleep Research Sciety published a "White Paper n Exercise and Sleep 2021", which explres the relatinship between exercise and sleep. The white paper,the prduct f surveys in 31 prvinces, cvers many aspects f sleep and sleep quality. It has attracted widespread interest amng netizens after its release.
The reprt shws ver 300 millin peple in China tday have sleep disrders, while the prprtin f insmnia amng peple wh exercise regularly is nly 10 percent. This means the rate f insmnia amng the general ppulatin is nearly fur times higher than thse wh exercise regularly.
Studies shw sleep is essential,as peple spend a third f their lives asleep. Yet tday mre and mre peple are suffering frm insmnia, which causes us t suffer bth physically and mentally.
Increased mental stress is ne f the majr causes f insmnia. Tday peple generally wrk mre intensely and are under mre mental stress, thus causing sleep disrders. Studies shw peple with higher incme are mre likely t sleep late because f vertime, and that lawyers, business executives and dctrs ften have t stay up late because f vertime wrk.
In additin,the ppularity f electrnics has als enriched ur nightlife. Sme netizens say, "I feel empty if I dn’t brwseTiktk r Weib befre ging t bed.,Retaliatry agrypnia(报复性熬夜) is als increasing amngyunger generatin. They say “The nly time I have is the time befre I g t bed,and as lng as I dn’t sleep tday, the next day will never cme.,It frms a vicius cycle in which peple dn’t get enugh sleep at night and feel sleepy during the day.
Decreased immunity, memry lss, besity, endcrine disruptin and increased risk f depressin. . . these are all pssible risks f staying up late.
1.What des the reprt shw?
A.Thse wh exercise regularly less suffer frm insmnia.
B.Peple have n insmnia prblems.
C.Peple have mental breakdwn.
D.Peple prefer t stay up.
2.What causes the prblem f insmnia accrding t the passage?
A.Regular exercise and limited activities in bed.
B.Increased mental stress and electrnics.
C.Fd and lifestyle.
D.Wrk envirnment.
3.Which f the fllwing is nt the cnsequence f staying up?
A.Memry lssB.ObesityC.DepressinD.Exercise
4.What des the text mainly talk abut?
A.The mental breakdwn related t insmnia.
B.The insmnia prblems in current sciety.
C.The tips t imprve insmnia prblems.
D.Students’ sleep disrders.
四、
Children brn in the past fur decades had the luxury f being the center f their parents’ attentin. The entire family’s resurces were pured int their educatin and well-being.
Hwever,when the same resurces are split between tw children,the amunt distributed t each ne is ging t shrink.
Accrding t the Hangzhu Daily,when there are tw children in the family,parents tend t chse public schls instead f private schls,which are usually mre expensive. Each child is enrlled in fewer after-schl training classes.
But having a secnd child may cure sme deep-rted prblems in China’s traditinal family educatin.
Having tw children in the family can help t prevent ne child being spiled by t much attentin,accrding t Peple’s Daily. It als spares the nly child frm the pressure f shuldering parental expectatins all alne. Taking care f a sibling als enables children t gain a sense f respnsibility,cperatin,bedience and caring.
China’s public educatin system is als expected t shift. Currently,there are nt enugh vacancies in kindergarten and schls t accmmdate the ptential increase in children.
“It’s nt nly the enrllment capacity f educatinal institutins that will feel the pressure. Peple are als placing mre emphasis n the quality f educatin,”Peng Xizhe, directr f the Ppulatin and Develpment Research Plicy Center at Fudan University,tld China Educatin Daily.
He predicts the gvernment may have t invest mre t supprt the educatinal system as a result f the new family planning measure.
1.What can children benefit frm a tw-child family?
A.They can have less pressure.
B.They can study in private schls.
C.They can get much mre attentin.
D.They can take mre after-schl training classes.
2.Which f the fllwing wrds can replace the underlined wrd "accmmdate"?
A.hldB.adaptC.slveD.cnsider
3.What can we infer frm Peng Xizhe’s wrds?
A.Peple are placing mre emphasis n the quality f educatin.
B.The gvernment may have t invest mre t supprt the educatinal system.
C.The new family planning measure will challenge the current educatinal system.
D.The educatinal institutins will feel the pressure that their capacity is nt enugh.
4.What is the purpse f this text?
A.T shw benefits f wning tw children.
B.T persuade peple t bear mre children.
C.T encurage peple t have nly ne child.
D.T intrduce the impact f tw-child plicy.
五、
An independent cllege claimed t have becme the first schl in England t make Chinese a cmpulsry (强制的) subject fr its pupils.
Richard Cairns, the headmaster f Brightn Cllege, said the mve aims t recgnize the imprtance f China as the wrld’s fastest grwing ecnmy.
Chinese will becme ne f the cre subjects at the 1,200-pupil cllege frm September. At present the schl has nly a “handful” f native Chinese students, but it hpes t attract mre in the future.
Mr. Cairns, wh made the annuncement in his first week as head f the high-achieving cllege, said, “One f my key tasks is t make sure that the pupils at Brightn Cllege are equipped fr the realities f the 21st century, and ne f thse realities is that China has the fastest grwing ecnmy in the wrld.
“China has replaced Britain as the wrld’s furth-largest ecnmy. We in Britain need t face up t this challenge, see it fr the trading pprtunity that it is, and ensure that ur natin’s children are well-placed t thrive (茁壮成长) in this new glbal reality.
“A better understanding f the language and culture f China will be hugely imprtant t the advantage f the children f Brightn Cllege.”
Mr. Cairns said he hped the Chinese children already at the cllege wuld help and encurage their fellw pupils t learn their language.
In rder t lead the way, Mr. Cairns, a histrian frm Oxfrd, plans t take part in the first Chinese class as a pupil. “I have agreed t jin the first Chinese class as a pupil. I think it is the best way fr me t shw the pupils here hw imprtant I regard this new additin t ur cre subjects.”
1.The passage mainly tells us ________.
A.hw t face up t new challenges in the 21st century
B.the realities f the 21st century
C.the fastest grwing ecnmy in the wrld
D.abut a schl which will make all its pupils learn Chinese
2.The cllege makes its students learn Chinese mainly because ________.
A.Chinese is a language spken by the largest ppulatin in the wrld
B.it realizes the imprtance f China as the wrld’s fastest grwing ecnmy
C.Chinese is the easiest language fr the students
D.there are many native Chinese students at the cllege
3.What is Mr. Cairns’ attitude twards the develpment f China?
A.He sees it t be a threat.
B.He cnsiders it t be an pprtunity.
C.He thinks f it as a danger.
D.He regards it as an encuragement.
4.Which f the fllwing statements is NOT true accrding t the passage?
A.The Chinese students at the cllege have already helped their fellw students t learn Chinese.
B.The schl is the first in England t make Chinese a cmpulsry subject.
C.Mr. Cairns has just been made head f this high-achieving cllege.
D.In Mr. Cairns’ pinin, learning Chinese will be a great help t his students.
答案以及解析
一、答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.A; 4.C
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第三段“…their main reasn fr visiting these businesses is t interact with animals they have nly seen frm afar.”可知,人们参观宠物咖啡馆的主要原因是想和这些动物进行近距离接触。
2.词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的句子“The 24-year-ld had t admire the animals thrugh vides and images.” 可知,她父母不赞成她养宠物。
3.推理判断题。根据第六段第一句和最后一句可知,宠物咖啡馆改变了人们对动物的态度。
4.主旨大意题。由全文可知,宠物咖啡馆改变了人们对动物的态度,这些动物就像家庭成员一样陪伴人们。
二、答案：1.C; 2.C; 3.D; 4.A
解析：1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段倒数第二句 In 2013, 254 millin tns f trash was prduced in the U.S. alne, and nly arund 30% was recycled. 可知,2013年,仅美国就产生了2.54亿吨垃圾,只有约30%的垃圾被回收。因此回收利用不能解决塑料问题。故C项正确。A项,“作者高度重视回收利用”,B项,“2013年,美国在回收方面做得很好”,D项,“回收利用对减少塑料消耗有很大帮助”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为C。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段倒数第一、二句 "I just ppped in t get a few items while we were waiting t sign sme cntracts (合同) with ur lawyer, wh was delayed. When I nticed the vegetables wrapped in banana leaves and simply liked the idea, I tk a few pictures and psted them nline" he said. 可知那人去瑞平超市是为了去买些东西。故正确答案为C。
3.猜测词句题。根据文章倒数第一段 It's nw up t the shppers t shw the supermarket which they prefer. If every ne pts fr the banana leaf packaging, they will stp stcking the items in plastic. 可知,现在该由购物者向超市展示他们喜欢哪一种了。如果每个人都……香蕉叶包装,他们将停止在塑料库存的项目。故 pts fr 与 Chses 的意义最为接近,表示“选择”之意。A项,“怀疑”,B项,“讨论”,C项,“不喜欢”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为D。
4.主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了减少塑料消费应该成为当今社会的主要目标之一。文章提到一种用香蕉叶来包装的方法,但能否成功取决于消费者。A项意为“叶子包装走红”,符合文意。故A项正确。
三、答案：1.A; 2.B; 3.D; 4.B
解析：1.细节理解题。 从文章的第二段可以看出,多运动的人有睡眠问题的几率较小些。
2.细节理解题。从文章的第四段和第五段的开头可知,心理压力以及电子产品的普及导致了睡眠问题。
3.细节理解题。从文章最后一段可以看出,运动不是造成睡眠问题的原因之一。
4.主旨大意题。纵观全文,文章都在讲述睡眠问题。所以 B 项为正确选项。
四、答案：1.A; 2.A; 3.C; 4.D
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第五段第二句“It als spares the nly child frm the pressure f shuldering parental expectatins all alne. ”可知二孩可以免除独生子女独自承担父母期望的压力。故选A。
2.词义猜测题。“accmmdate”在此处是“容纳”的意思。本题主要考查accmmdate的一词多义,根据语境选择最贴近原义鮮词。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据最后两段可知,由于新的计划生育措施即二胎政策的实施,现行的教育系统将面临着巨大的挑战故选C。
4.主旨大意题。整篇文章围绕着二胎政策对教育的影响而展开。故选D。
五、答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.B; 4.A