2021届高考英语二轮复习之阅读理解“典型技巧”高效练典型技巧16代词指代对象的确定含解析202103052161

这是一份2021届高考英语二轮复习之阅读理解“典型技巧”高效练典型技巧16代词指代对象的确定含解析202103052161，共15页。
【真题再现】(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·C) 主题语境：音乐
Sme f the wrld's mst famus musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans t celebrate the first annual Internatinal Jazz Day. UNESCO (United Natins Educatinal, Scientific and Cultural Organizatin) recently set April 30 as a day t raise awareness f jazz music, its significance, and its ptential as a unifying (联合) vice acrss cultures.
Despite the celebratins, thugh, in the U.S. the jazz audience cntinues t eq \a\vs4\al(shrink) and grw lder, and the music has failed t cnnect with yunger generatins.
It's Jasn Mran's jb t help change that. As the Kennedy Center's eq \a\vs4\al(artistic) adviser fr jazz, Mran hpes t eq \a\vs4\al(widen) the audience fr jazz, make the music mre accessible, and preserve its histry and culture.
“Jazz seems like it's nt really a part f the American appetite，” Mran tells Natinal Public Radi's reprter Neal Cnan. “What I'm hping t accmplish is that my generatin and yunger start t recnsider and understand that jazz is nt black and white anymre. It's actually clr, and it's actually digital.”
Mran says ne f the prblems with jazz tday is that the entertainment aspect f the music has been lst. “The music can't be presented tday the way it was in 1908 r 1958. It has t cntinue t mve, because the way the wrld wrks is nt the same，” says Mran.
Last year, Mran wrked n a prject that arranged Fats Waller's music fr a dance party, “just t kind f put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is cncert music，” says Mran. “Fr me, it's the recntextualizatin. In music, where des the emtin (情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight (感悟) n hw t talk abut urselves and hw smething as abstract as a Charlie Parker recrd gets us int a dialgue abut ur emtins and ur thughts? Smetimes we eq \a\vs4\al(lse sight) that the music has a wider cntext，” says Mran, “s I want t cntinue thse dialgues. Thse are the things I want t eq \a\vs4\al(fster).”
1.Why did UNESCO set April 30 as Internatinal Jazz Day?
A. T remember the birth f jazz.
B. T prtect cultural diversity.
C. T encurage peple t study music.
D. T recgnize the value f jazz.
2.What des the underlined wrd “that” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Jazz becming mre accessible.
B. The prductin f jazz grwing faster.
C. Jazz being less ppular with the yung.
D. The jazz audience becming larger.
3.What can we infer abut Mran's pinin n jazz?
A. It will disappear gradually.
B. It remains black and white.
C. It shuld keep up with the times.
D. It changes every 50 years.
4.Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Explring the Future f Jazz
B. The Rise and Fall f Jazz
C. The Stry f a Jazz Musician
D. Celebrating the Jazz Day
答案与解析： 1.D 2.C 3.C 4.A
1.根据文章第一段a day t raise awareness f jazz确定答案。
2.第二段说明了爵士乐不受年轻人喜欢，而Mran立志改变这一点。
3.根据倒数第二段中“It has t cntinue t mve”及前一句中的“can't be presented tday the way it was in 1908 r 1958”，可知Mran对爵士乐的看法。
4.文章介绍爵士乐的现状、问题以及要采取的措施和Mran的态度，结合选项可推出正确选项。
【技巧释义】利用承前原则，确定代词的含义
►引出话题，介绍现状(第1～2段)
①介绍国际爵士日的成立日期、宗旨和意义(可解第1题)
②介绍爵士乐现状：观众减少，不受年轻人欢迎
►Mran立志改变爵士乐现状(第3～5段)(可解第2题)
►爵士乐存在的问题：与时代脱节
解决办法： cntinue t mve
►表明Mran想改变爵士乐的决心(第6段)
【词汇积累】
shrink v.减少
fster vt.促进
artistic adj.艺术的；有美术才能的
widen vt.扩大
lse sight忽略
【技巧演练】（建议用时：45分钟）
1
A NASA-funded study used satellite t search fr penguin pps (粪便) in Antarctica: funny at first sight thugh, it resulted in unique insights n the Adelie penguin’s diet and its future. The findings unlcked the secrets abut the species that can prvide an early-warning f threats t Antarctica’s delicate ecsystem.
Researchers used satellite images t see if the Adelie penguin’s diet has been changing in respnse t Antarctica’s changing climate. Adelie penguin ppulatin has drpped greatly in sme areas even as the glbal ppulatin increases. The satellite images shw their presence can be detected by the stain (污渍) left n the ice by their waste, called guan.
Male and female penguins take turns incubating (孵化) in the nest. The guan builds up in the same areas ccupied by the nests. A glbal survey fr Adelie penguins turned up 3.8 millin breeding pairs. Als, the satellite data can detect the clr f the penguin guan, ranging frm white t pink t dark red. White guan is frm eating mstly fish; pink and red wuld be frm eating mstly krill (磷虾). The team fund that while the Adelie penguin’s diet did shw changes frm year t year, n cnsistent pattern was bvius.
“This was a big surprise, since the abundance and distributin f Adelie penguins has changed dramatically ver the last 40 years and scientists had assumed that a change in diet might have played a rle,” said Casey Yung. Hwever, cntinuing changes in the physical envirnment and a grwing krill fishery in the regin are likely t have an influence n penguin prey (猎物) and penguin ppulatin itself. “They will be imprtant fr the management f the Antarctic ecsystem, ” said Yung.
1.What cncerned scientists mst accrding t paragraph 1?
A.The Antarctica’s ecsystem.B.The Adelie penguin’s diet.
C.The climate change.D.The secret f penguin pps.
2.Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the passage?
A.The Adelie penguin ppulatin was 3.8 millin wrldwide.
B.Guan clrs reflected the health cnditin f the penguin.
C.The Adelie penguin’s diet stayed the same mst f the time.
D.Adelie penguin waste helped estimate the penguin ppulatin.
3.What des “This” in the last paragraph refer t?
A.Changes f penguin’s diet withut a definite pattern.
B.The wide range f the clr f the penguin guan.
C.Dramatic changing f penguin ppulatin.
D.The abundance and distributin f Adelie penguins.
4.What did Casey Yung’s wrds infer?
A.Mre Adelie penguins have appeared ver the last 40 years.
B.Diet changes didn’t actually affect penguin ppulatin as assumed.
C.There was nt an bvius changing pattern f penguin’s diet.
D.Fishery was imprtant fr the management f the Antarctic ecsystem.
【答案】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家对南极企鹅物种生态的研究，展现了近年来物种数量，饮食结构等各方面的变化。
1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The findings unlcked the secrets abut the species that can prvide an early-warning f threats t Antarctica’s delicate ecsystem.”可知，这些发现揭开了这个物种的秘密，可以对南极洲脆弱的生态系统的威胁提供早期预警。由此可知，科学家研究随着气候变化而导致的企鹅饮食结构的改变，但最关心，最要紧的是这背后所预警的南极生态系统风险。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Researchers used satellite images t see if the Adelie penguin’s diet has been changing in respnse t Antarctica’s changing climate. Adelie penguin ppulatin has drpped greatly in sme areas even as the glbal ppulatin increases. The satellite images shw their presence can be detected by the stain (污渍) left n the ice by their waste, called guan.”可知，研究人员利用卫星图像来观察阿德利企鹅的饮食是否随着南极洲气候的变化而改变。虽然全球企鹅数量增加，但在某些地区，阿德里企鹅的数量却大幅下降。卫星图像显示，它们的存在可以通过它们的排泄物在冰上留下的污点来检测，这种污点叫做鸟粪。由此可知，阿德利企鹅粪便帮助估算企鹅数量。故选D项。
3.词义猜测题。This此处为代词。代词的作用之一用来指代前文提及的内容。根据文章第四段“This was a big surprise, since the abundance and distributin f Adelie penguins has changed dramatically ver the last 40 years and scientists had assumed that a change in diet might have played a rle,” said Casey Yung.”可知，这是一个很大的惊喜，因为阿德利企鹅的数量和分布在过去40年里发生了巨大的变化，科学家们认为饮食的变化可能起了作用，”凯西·杨说。由此可知，科学家本以为企鹅饮食上的变化会影响到企鹅的数量和分布。但是通过研究却发现不是这样子的，所以才会感到惊喜。故此处的this应是指代前文第三段最后一句“The team fund that while the Adelie penguin’s diet did shw changes frm year t year, n cnsistent pattern was bvius.(研究小组发现，虽然阿德利企鹅的饮食确实每年都有变化，但没有明显的一致规律)”，即“企鹅饮食的变化没有固定的模式。”故选A项。
4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““This was a big surprise, since the abundance and distributin f Adelie penguins has changed dramatically ver the last 40 years and scientists had assumed that a change in diet might have played a rle,” said Casey Yung. Hwever, cntinuing changes in the physical envirnment and a grwing krill fishery in the regin are likely t have an influence n penguin prey (猎物) and penguin ppulatin itself.(凯西·杨说：“这是一个很大的惊喜，因为过去40年来，阿德里企鹅的数量和分布发生了巨大变化，科学家们认为饮食的改变可能起到了一定的作用。”然而，该地区自然环境的持续变化和磷虾渔业的不断增长，可能会对企鹅猎物和企鹅种群本身产生影响)”可知，本来科学家觉得饮食的改变会起到一定的作用，但是该地区自然环境的持续变化和磷虾渔业的不断增长，可能会对企鹅猎物和企鹅种群本身产生影响。因此B项“饮食的改变实际上并不像假设的那样影响企鹅的数量”符合题意。故选B项。
2
The State-Of-The-Art-Tech Behind Fighting Fires
Hw are tday’s firefighters dealing with massive wildfires? They’re ding it by using the mst advanced technlgy. Whether it’s with a mdified jumb jet r innvative thermal(热的) imaging cameras, we take a lk at the tech behind fighting sme f the wrld’s mst verwhelming fires.
Teams fighting against the Califrnia wildfires used the Glbal SuperTanker – a mdified jumb jet that carries almst 73,000 liters (19,200 gallns) f fire retardant(阻燃剂) – alngside the S-64 Aircrane heavy-lifting helicpter, which carries 10,000 liters (2,200 gallns) f water.
These air tankers are used t put ut flames and mnitr fire spread thrugh sensrs and vide feeds cupled t GPS data. Fed int hi-tech cmputer mdelling sftware, they can help predict the fire’s behavir and pssible spread patterns. Cmputer mdels are able t prvide small area cverage nly meters wide, mapping territry and airflw. Fires are especially respnsive t wind cnditins and these tls allw firefighters t determine the passage f flames at grund level.
But manned aircrafts need a large investment in maintenance and crew training. Cmmand and cntrl centers are turning t unmanned aircraft t keep csts dwn and prvide additinal capabilities. Small quadcpters(四旋翼机) and larger fixed-wing aircraft can fly ver fires fr much lnger perids.
Smke can cver the grund fr days at a time r pse a severe breathing risk t air crews – Hwever, this is nt a prblem fr drnes. Onbard high definitin, infrared(红外辐射的) and thermal imaging cameras can prvide directin t grund teams, spt vital infrastructure (including pwer r water lines), and identify dangerus r flammable bjects.
Infrared and thermal cameras can see thrugh smke t mnitr grund teams and let them knw when cnditins change. Unmanned aircraft can prvide aerial images, heat maps, and temperature scales f fire znes. Specialist drnes can even carry hses t less accessible areas. In the future, swarms f autnmus drnes culd be used t track wildfires and spt fire spread.
Thermal imaging technlgy has becme widespread and less expensive t use. Handheld cameras and devices that attach t smartphnes allw firefighters t see thrugh smke and find active fire htspts, r undergrwth that is burning withut prducing smke.
Identifying these htspts allws crews t target the mst active and dangerus parts f a wildfire and divert manpwer t tackle it mre effectively.
Augmented reality helmets that include breathing appliance alngside cmputer visin-aided displays are adding t the grund team’s capabilities. Thermal cameras inside the helmets mean that firefighters can perate in envirnments cmpletely bscured by smke. At the same time, they can wirelessly transmit infrmatin n what is happening at the frntline t cmmand and cntrl pints.
Rbts are als making a difference. The Smkebt was develped by a Swedish university t assist fire and rescue services. It cllects data in envirnments with reduced visibility using radar, a laser scanner, a thermal camera and gas sensrs. Smkebt can help in frest fire situatins mapping large areas filled with dust r smke, where it is t risky t send in rescue persnnel.
Earth-bserving satellites cmmnly detect wildfires in wilderness areas. Their cameras and remte sensrs are used t estimate the fire’s evlutin and prvide situatinal awareness that saves lives.
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radimeter Suite (VIIRS) nbard the Sumi NPP satellite gives near real-time data t NASA’s Fire Infrmatin fr Resurce Management System (FIRMS) n active fires acrss the wrld.
Finally, t get the bigger picture n fire tracking and mnitring, the US Frest Service and US Gelgical Survey uses data frm the Landsat Earth-bserving satellites. Data gathered frm every majr fire in the cuntry since 1984 has been fed int cmputer mdels t help predict and prevent wildfires.
5.What des the underlined “they”, in the third paragraph, refer t?
A.Current firefighters tackling massive wildfires.
B.The mdified jumb jets and art thermal imaging cameras.
C.The data gained frm sensrs and vide feeds, plus GPS infrmatin.
D.The air tankers used t put ut flames and mnitr fire spread.
6.Which f the fllwing is nt the advantages f drnes ver manned aircrafts in tackling massive wildfires?
A.Drnes dn’t need much fuel when putting ut wildfires and identifying the causes f fires.
B.Less mney is needed in training crews when drnes are available.
C.Drnes wn’t cme acrss any breathing prblems when in wrk.
D.Drnes needs much less investment in maintenance.
7.Which f the fllwing advanced technlgies is nt mentined in the passage?
A.Swarms f autnmus drnes used t extinguish wildfires frm air.
B.AR helmets with breathing appliance alngside cmputer visin-aided.
C.Drnes with high definitin, infrared and thermal imaging cameras nbard.
D.Earth-bserving satellites equipped with cameras and remte sensrs.
8.Which f the fllwing statements abut Smkebt is true?
A.It was created by a Swiss university t assist fire and rescue services.
B.It can help t send rescue persnnel t a fire spt.
C.It can help draw a map f large areas and fill the regins with dust r smke.
D.It cllects data using advanced technlgy where visibility is reduced due t fires.
【答案】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。今天的消防员如何应对大规模的野火？短文介绍了他们使用最先进的技术和装备。
5.词句猜测题。根据第三段“These air tankers are used t put ut flames and mnitr fire spread thrugh sensrs and vide feeds cupled t GPS data.”可知，这些空中加油机被用来扑灭火焰，并通过传感器和与GPS数据相结合的视频信号来监测火势蔓延。由此可知，输入高科技计算机建模软件，从传感器和视频中获取的数据，加上GPS信息可以帮助预测火灾的行为和可能的蔓延模式。所以they指代的是“从传感器和视频中获取的数据，加上GPS信息”。故选C项。
6.细节理解题。根据第四段“But manned aircrafts need a large investment in maintenance and crew training. Cmmand and cntrl centers are turning t unmanned aircraft t keep csts dwn and prvide additinal capabilities.” 但是载人飞机需要在维护和机组人员培训方面进行大量投资。指挥和控制中心正转向无人驾驶飞机，以降低成本并提供额外的能力。根据第五段“Smke can cver the grund fr days at a time r pse a severe breathing risk t air crews – Hwever, this is nt a prblem fr drnes.” 烟雾可以在数天内覆盖地面，或者对空勤人员构成严重的呼吸风险——然而，这对无人机不是问题。由此可知，A选项“无人机在扑灭野火和确定火灾原因时不需要太多燃料。” 不是无人机在处理大规模野火时比有人驾驶飞机的优势。故选A项。
7.细节理解题。根据第五段“Onbard high definitin, infrared(红外辐射的) and thermal imaging cameras can prvide directin t grund teams, spt vital infrastructure (including pwer r water lines), and identify dangerus r flammable bjects.” 机载高清晰度红外和热成像摄像机可以为地面团队提供方向，发现重要的基础设施(包括电力或供水管道)，并识别危险或易燃物体。根据倒数第五段“Augmented reality helmets that include breathing appliance alngside cmputer visin-aided displays are adding t the grund team’s capabilities.” 包括呼吸装置和计算机视觉辅助显示器的增强现实头盔增加了地面团队的能力。根据倒数第三段“Earth-bserving satellites cmmnly detect wildfires in wilderness areas. Their cameras and remte sensrs are used t estimate the fire’s evlutin and prvide situatinal awareness that saves lives.” 地球观测卫星通常能探测到荒野地区的野火。他们的摄像机和远程传感器用于估计火灾的演变，并提供态势感知，从而挽救生命。由此可知，A选线“成群的无人驾驶飞机被用来从空中熄灭野火。”这项技术在文中没有被提及。故选A项。
8.细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“The Smkebt was develped by a Swedish university t assist fire and rescue services. It cllects data in envirnments with reduced visibility using radar, a laser scanner, a thermal camera and gas sensrs.”(Smkebt机器人是由瑞典一所大学开发的，用于协助消防和救援服务。它利用雷达、激光扫描仪、热像仪和气体传感器在能见度较低的环境中收集数据)可知“Smkebt在由于火灾而降低了能见度的环境中，利用先进的技术收集数据”这一表述正确。故选D项。
3
A dctr named Chepurnv frm Siberia cnducted a cntrversial crnavirus immunity test after surviving COVID-19 in March. The 68-year-ld Russian dctr spent time with crnavirus-psitive patients withut wearing a mask t see if he culd get a secnd COVID-19 infectin. The dctr was infected a secnd time and experienced a wrse COVID-19 case than he had previusly.
This unusual crnavirus immunity test can easily be filed under the “nly in Russia” sectin f COVID-19 news. Only in Russia was a crnavirus vaccine apprved fr mass use befre any scientific research was shared with the wrld and befre the drug cleared the Phase 3 trial. The stry gets even crazier, cnsidering the dctr’s age. At 68-years-ld, Alexander Chepurnv happens t be the kind f COVID-19 patient mst at risk f develping a severe case.
Even s, Chepurnv’s cntrversial experiment isn’t withut wrth. It’s certainly the kind f experiment that thers wuldn’t necessarily apprve f, especially in western cuntries. But it’s the kind f experiment that can yield results — and Chepurnv did get his wish. He was reinfected with COVID- 19 within six mnths frm the first but. Chepurnv and his research team started t mnitr his antibdies. He discvered that they vanished after three mnths. “The bservatin shwed a fairly rapid decrease,” he tld the paper. “By the end f the third mnth frm the start f the disease, they ceased t be determined.” This falls in line with ther studies abut COVID-19 antibdy life.
Chepurnv’s stry als seems t fall in line with ther studies that say immunity can last fr at least 5-7 mnths. The stry als prves that immunity lasts even after the antibdies are gne and suggests that ther immune system cmpnents are indeed invlved in prviding prlnged prtectin. Others therized that T cells wuld extend immunity beynd the life f the first batch f antibdies. Chepurnv’s empirical findings are als imprtant fr vaccine research. If immunity lasts less than a year, mre bster shts (加强针剂) might be needed after the initial dses.
But Newsweek pints ut a prblem with the experiment. Because his first case f COVID-19 hasn’t been diagnsed via a PCR test. Als, Chepurnv’s experiment hasn’t been published in a scientific jurnal, and it’s unclear what scientific rigrs were applied. Still, if his findings are accurate, Chepurnv is actually right t warn against using a herd immunity apprach t beat the pandemic.
9.Why is Chepurnvs experiment cnsidered cntrversial?
A.Its nt effective.B.Its t dangerus.
C.Its disapprved f by Russia.D.Its nt diagnsed via a PCR test.
10.What des the underlined wrd "they" in Paragraph 3 prbably refer t?
A.diseasesB.virusesC.antibdiesD.results
11.What is the finding f Chepurnvs experiment?
A.COVID-19 immunity lasts permanently in nes bdy.
B.The lngevity f COVID-19 antibdies is abut 3 mnths.
C.Old patients are mst at risk f develping a severe COVID-19.
D.Vaccinatin can prtect ne frm being infected with crnaviruses.
12.Whats the main idea f the passage?
A.Siberia is a unique place fr treating COVID-19 patients.
B.Newsweek fund the evidence against herd immunity t COVID-19.
C.Researches shwed humans prduce antibdies if infected with crnaviruses.
D.A cntrversial experiment n crnavirus immunity was cnducted in Russia.
【答案】
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。今年3月，西伯利亚的Chepurnv医生在新冠病毒感染中存活下来后，进行了一项有争议的冠状病毒免疫测试。文章主要介绍了Chepurnv医生开展这项实验的经过，实验关于冠状病毒抗体的一些发现以及这项实验的重要意义。
9.推理判断题。根据第一段“A dctr named Chepurnv frm Siberia cnducted a cntrversial crnavirus immunity test after surviving COVID-19 in March. The 68-year-ld Russian dctr spent time with crnavirus-psitive patients withut wearing a mask t see if he culd get a secnd COVID-19 infectin. The dctr was infected a secnd time and experienced a wrse COVID-19 case than he had previusly.(今年3月，西伯利亚的Chepurnv医生在新冠病毒感染中存活下来后，进行了一项有争议的冠状病毒免疫测试。这位68岁的俄罗斯医生在不戴口罩的情况下与冠状病毒阳性患者相处，以观察他是否会再次感染COVID-19。这名医生第二次感染了新冠肺炎，病情比之前更严重)”可知，Chepurnvs的实验有争议，是因为它太危险了。故选B。
10.词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Chepurnv and his research team started t mnitr his antibdies. He discvered that they vanished after three mnths. “The bservatin shwed a fairly rapid decrease,” he tld the paper. “By the end f the third mnth frm the start f the disease…(Chepurnv和他的研究团队开始监测他的抗体。他发现三个月后它们就消失了。“观察显示出抗体迅速下降，”他告诉该报。“在疾病开始后的第三个月末……)”以及后文“ceased t be determined”可知，三个月后抗体就消失了，所以在疾病开始后的第三个月末，不能再检测到抗体了，即they指的是“抗体”。故选C。
11.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Chepurnv and his research team started t mnitr his antibdies. He discvered that they vanished after three mnths.( Chepurnv和他的研究团队开始监测他的抗体。他发现三个月后它们就消失了)”以及“This falls in line with ther studies abut COVID-19 antibdy life.(这与其他关于COVID-19抗体寿命的研究一致)”可知，Chepurnvs的实验发现COVID-19抗体的寿命约为3个月。故选B。
12.主旨大意题。根据第一段中“A dctr named Chepurnv frm Siberia cnducted a cntrversial crnavirus immunity test after surviving COVID-19 in March.(今年3月，西伯利亚的Chepurnv医生在新冠病毒感染中存活下来后，进行了一项有争议的冠状病毒免疫测试)”结合文章主要介绍了Chepurnv医生开展这项实验的经过，实验关于冠状病毒抗体的一些发现以及这项实验的重要意义。可知，这篇文章的中心思想是在俄罗斯进行了一项有争议的冠状病毒免疫实验。故选D。
4
It’s been less than a mnth since Arnld, a Texas high schl student, was frbidden frm ging t the prm and graduatin unless he cut his lcs. As his stry spread n scial media, celebrities and activists came t Arnld’s defence and encuraged him t stand up t his schl’s hair discriminatin. Nw, in a significant turn f events, he’s prudly wearing his wn hair-style at the 2020 Oscars.
Arnld and his mther were invited t attend as the guests f directr Matthew A.Cherry, wh wn the award fr Best Animated Shrt Film fr Hair Lve tnight. Fittingly, the shrt film tells the stry f a Black father learning t style his daughter’s natural hair.
Arnld tld us he culdn’t wait t walk the red carpet with the Hair Lve team. “I’m s grateful. I never expected any f this,” Arnld says. “The message f that mvie and my message g tgether s well. I think it’s really amazing hw they reached ut t me and hw we can fight this tgether.”
Tgether, Cherry and Arnld are advcating fr the natinwide passage f The CROWN Act, which is the law authred by Califrnia Senatr Hlly J. Mitchell that makes it illegal t discriminate against Black peple fr wearing their natural hair in the wrkplace r at schl. Currently the Act has nly been passed in New Jersey, Califrnia, and New Yrk.
Arnld has als received the supprt f celebrities, including Ellen DeGeneres, wh invited him t appear n her daytime shw and surprised him with a $20,000 schlarship frm Alicia Keys. Arnld says the schlarship will help him pursue his dream f becming a veterinarian. Arnld tells us. “The mst exciting thing is seeing all the peple that are n my side. I thught it wuld be a lt mre hate than supprt.” Tnight, Arnld is lking frward t sharing his stry n a massive platfrm. “As teenagers, we have a vice and we’re the future,” he says. “I want mre cultural acceptance. If there’s any ther situatin that I feel like I need t stand up fr, I wuld d that in a heartbeat.”
13.What happened t Arnld nt lng ag?
A.He played a rle in a shrt film.
B.He managed t apply fr a schlarship.
C.He drpped ut f schl wing t his hair.
D.He was nt allwed t attend sme schl activities.
14.What des the underlined wrd “this” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A.Vilence.B.Discriminatin.C.Panic.D.Starvatin.
15.What d we knw frm the passage?
A.Hair Lve was based n Arnld’s experiences.
B.Alicia Keys shaped Arnld’s cultural acceptance.
C.Mitchell had been punished fr wearing natural hair.
D.The CROWN Act has nt been adpted natinwide.
16.What’s the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A.T share a teenager’s stry.B.T advcate the passage f an act.
C.T intrduce an Oscar-winning film.D.T express his dissatisfactin with sciety.
【答案】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了德克萨斯州的高中生Arnld因为自己的头发而遭到学校的歧视，禁止参加学校活动，后来被社交媒体传播，大家站起来反抗，出现了极大的反转，最终他可以带着自己的头发参加奥斯卡的颁奖礼的故事。
13.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It’s been less than a mnth since Arnld, a Texas high schl student, was frbidden frm ging t the prm and graduatin unless he cut his lcs.” 不到一个月前，德克萨斯州的高中生Arnld被禁止参加舞会和毕业典礼，除非他剪掉头发。由此可知不久前，Arnld被禁止参加一些学校活动，故选D。
14.词句猜测题。根据第一段“As his stry spread n scial media, celebrities and activists came t Arnld’s defence and encuraged him t stand up t his schl’s hair discriminatin. Nw, in a significant turn f events, he’s prudly wearing his wn hair-style at the 2020 Oscars. ” 随着他的故事在社交媒体上传开，名人和活动家们都来为阿诺德辩护，并鼓励他勇敢地面对学校对头发的歧视。现在，事态发生了重大转折，他将骄傲地在2020年奥斯卡颁奖典礼上留着自己的发型。由此可以推断出划线词所在的句子意思是我们如何共同与“对头发的歧视”作斗争，因此this指代的就是歧视，故选B
15.细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Tgether, Cherry and Arnld are advcating fr the natinwide passage f The CROWN Act, which is the law authred by Califrnia Senatr Hlly J. Mitchell that makes it illegal t discriminate against Black peple fr wearing their natural hair in the wrkplace r at schl. Currently the Act has nly been passed in New Jersey, Califrnia, and New Yrk. ” 切里和阿诺德共同倡导在全国范围内通过《王冠法案》。该法案由加州参议员霍利·米切尔起草，规定歧视在工作场所或学校留自然头发的黑人为非法行为。目前，该法案仅在新泽西州、加利福尼亚州和纽约州获得通过。由此可知《王冠法案》并未在全国范围内采用。故选D。
16.推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s been less than a mnth since Arnld, a Texas high schl student, was frbidden frm ging t the prm and graduatin unless he cut his lcs. As his stry spread n scial media, celebrities and activists came t Arnld’s defence and encuraged him t stand up t his schl’s hair discriminatin. ” 不到一个月前，德克萨斯州的高中生阿诺德被禁止参加舞会和毕业典礼，除非他剪掉自己的头发。随着他的故事在社交媒体上传开，名人和活动家们都来为阿诺德辩护，并鼓励他勇敢地面对学校对头发的歧视。和最后一段“Tnight, Arnld is lking frward t sharing his stry n a massive platfrm. “As teenagers, we have a vice and we’re the future,” he says. “I want mre cultural acceptance. If there’s any ther situatin that I feel like I need t stand up fr, I wuld d that in a heartbeat.” 今晚，阿诺德很期待在一个巨大的平台上分享他的故事。“作为青少年，我们有发言权，我们就是未来，”他说。“我想要更多的文化认同感。如果还有其他我觉得需要站出来支持的情况，我会立刻去做。”由此可知本文是在分享一个青年因为头发遭受歧视而站出来反抗的故事，故选A。
考情角度
文学、艺术类阅读高考试题中常有涉及，做涉及代词指代类题目时应注意结合关键词，利用名词的单复数，褒贬用词确定代词所指代的名词。
考查角度
推理判断类、文章主旨题和代词指代题都可能在文学、艺术与体育类说明文中涉及。