高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 A delicate world背景图课件ppt

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单元素养检测(五)(Unit 5)
(时间: 120分钟　满分: 150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分,满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text 1
M: I’ll take these books. ①Are they fifty cents each?
W: ①These two books are, but this one is 75 cents.
1. How much are the three books?
A. $1. 50. 　 　　B. $1. 75. 　 　　C. $2. 25.
答案: B
Text 2
M: Hi, Jane. Could you give me a ride? I want to buy some food for the picnic.
W: OK. ②I’m going home but I can drop you at the supermarket.
2. Where is the man going?
A. To a supermarket. 　　　　B. To a park.
C. To the woman’s home.
答案: A
Text 3
W: ③I would like to go to the movies this afternoon. Could you keep me company?
M: Of course, but only after I take a nap.
3. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Go to see a film with her.
B. Buy a map.
C. Go to a company.
答案: A
Text 4
W: Ever since I started living by myself, I’ve noticed that ④I often talk to myself.
M: No need to be embarrassed about that. It’s actually very common. ④In fact, I do it myself, too.
4. What does the man often do?
A. Live by himself.
B. Get embarrassed.
C. Talk to himself.
答案: C
Text 5
M: ⑤Did you get a present for Molly’s birthday?
W: Yes, she loves to listen to Johnny Holden’s music. And she’s got all his CDs. Then I saw this book that introduces Johnny Holden’s life, so I got her this.
M: Great idea!
5. What are the speakers talking about in general?
A. A CD of Johnny Holden.
B. A present for Molly.
C. Johnny Holden’s life.
答案: B
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分,满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
Text 6
M: Tracey, I want some new shoes for the party tonight. Shall we go and buy some later?
W: OK, ⑥but I promised to help my granddad wash his car today.
M: ⑥ Why don’t you do that immediately? We’ll go as soon as you’re finished.
W: ⑥OK. And I suppose I can do my homework when we get back. I’m surely doing that before we go to the party — ⑦I don’t want to do it tomorrow!
M: ⑦Yeah, I don’t like doing it till the last day of the weekend, either. So I finished all my homework after school yesterday.
6. What will the woman do first?
A. Wash a car. 　　
B. Go shopping. 　　
C. Do her homework.
答案: A
7. When does the conversation take place?
A. On Monday. 　　 B. On Saturday.
C. On Sunday.
答案: B
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
Text 7
M: You’ve attended the lecture, haven’t you?
W: Yes, and I’m very interested in it.
M: What is it about?
W: Professor Smith gave us a lecture. ⑧ It was about the energy problem.
M: One of the hot topics of society. Do you believe there will be any energy problems in the future?
W: Yes, very serious ones. The professor said in the very near future oil and coal will be exhausted.
M: Really? So serious?
W: I think it’s reasonable.
M: Then are there any solutions according to Professor Smith?
W: She provided several means. ⑨But she thought the most important one was to treasure the energy left.
M: But I think we should also find some kinds of new energy.
8. What is Professor Smith’s lecture about?
A. A new-found energy. 　　　 B. The energy problem.
C. Hot topics of nature.
答案: B
9. What is the most important means according to Professor Smith?
A. Find some new energy.
B. Limit the use of energy.
C. Treasure the energy left.
答案: C
听第8段材料,回答第10～12题。
Text 8
M: ⑩One of my classmates Tony was absent from school for three days.
W: What’s up with him?
MHe was found at an Internet cafe playing computer games.
W: Oh, my God! He is addicted to games. How did you find out?
M: He lied to his parents that he went to school. Our teacher called his parents and found out the truth. His worried parents finally managed to find him there.
W: Where is he now? Is he at school?
M: Yeah. ⑩Our teacher and his parents are discussing the matter together.
W: I think he shouldn’t have done that. After all, there are so many more important things to do.
M: I agree. I think the government should do something to prevent teenagers from going to Internet cafes.
W: ⑩⑫I think we high school students should do something more instructive and interesting.
M: You are absolutely right.
10. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Schoolmates. 　　　　
B. Parent and child.
C. Teacher and student.
答案: A
11. Why was Tony absent from school?
A. Because he was ill at home.
B. Because he didn’t like his teacher.
C. Because he was addicted to computer games.
答案: C
12. What’s the woman’s opinion on this matter?
A. Teenagers should be prevented from going to the Internet cafe.
B. Students should do something more instructive.
C. Parents should care more about their children.
答案: B
听第9段材料,回答第13～16题。
Text 9
M: Is this table in the corner okay?
W: Sure. We can sit here.
M: Oh, you’ve hardly got anything on your plate.
W: Yeah. I guess I’m just not that hungry.
M: What’s the matter? Aren’t you feeling well?
W：⑬Well, I’ve been really worried. It’s my car. It’s in the shop again.
M: Really? What’s wrong this time?
W: I don’t know exactly. Something’s wrong with the brakes, I think.
M: Well, at least that shouldn’t cost you much to fix. Parts are cheaper for all the American cars like yours. Did the mechanic say how much it would cost?
WHe says he will call me later today about the cost.
M: Watch out he doesn’t try to take advantage of you.
W: What do you mean?
M: Well, some ill mechanics, if they think that someone doesn’t know much about cars, they might try to overcharge that person.
W: Maybe so. ⑮But I trust this man. He has done some work for me in the past and his prices seemed to be fair.
M: Oh, that’s good to know. Maybe I’ll become his customer in the future. ⑯By the way, do you need a ride home after class today?
13. Why is the woman worried?
A. There’s something wrong with her car.
B. The mechanic(机修工)might try to overcharge her.
C. Good mechanics are not available.
答案: A
14. When will the mechanic call the woman?
A. An hour later. 　　　　
B. Later today. 　
C. The next day.
答案: B
15. What does the woman think of her mechanic?
A. He is reliable.
B. He overcharges her.
C. He is selfish.
答案: A
16. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a shop.
B. In a school. 　
C. In a restaurant.
答案: B
听第10段材料,回答第17～20题。
Text 10
W: Hello, everybody, I’m Sarah Park. I feel it a great honor to be invited here to share my traveling experience. ⑰As a photographer I have always loved to travel. The first place I visited was Africa. In Africa, there was no running water or toilets, but that did not matter to me. ⑱I loved the excitement of seeing animals run freely in the wild. It was so much fun. I still remember the adventure of camping when I was on Safari. That was an incredible experience beyond description.
In addition to Africa, ⑲I have visited many other lands, such as Spain, Italy, Scotland, Japan and Indonesia. People often ask me why I love to travel. Here I want to say, how can anyone not love traveling? Full of expectation and excitement before reaching the destination, there are so many attractions in seeing new things, meeting new people and tasting new foods.
However, I will admit traveling is very expensive. There are so many costs of traveling. I have to pay for the hotel rooms and foods. Also, the admissions to tourist attractions are usually expensive. ⑳Although I complain about the high cost of traveling, I wouldn’t choose to spend my money in any other ways.
17. What is the woman?
A. A writer. B. An explorer.
C. A photographer.
答案: C
18. What did the woman like doing in Africa?
A. Meeting many interesting people.
B. Seeing animals run freely in the wild.
C. Enjoying the beautiful natural scenery.
答案: B
19. Which country has the woman visited?
A. Spain. 　　 B. Ireland.
C. New Zealand.
答案: A
20. What does the woman complain about?
A. The high cost of traveling.
B. The long distance of traveling.
C. The impolite tourists of some places.
答案: A
第二部分　阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Back in 2012, Dylan Mayer was 19 years old. He was a few years into a new passion: scuba (水肺) diving. He says spending time under water is like visiting an alien planet full of strange creatures.
Dylan grew up in Maple Valley Washington, just outside of the liberal blue bubble of Seattle. Dylan learned young how to hunt and do farm work. On October 31, 2012, he decided to marry his love of scuba diving with his desire to be self-sufficient and harvest his own food. That gray morning, the goal was to pull a giant pacific octopus from its den, wrestle it to the surface and take it home for dinner.
He and a friend headed to the popular dive site at Cove 2 in West Seattle. With his bare hands, Dylan caught an 80-pound cephalopod (头足类动物). “The key is to stay calm. Once you start to panic, you’ll drown,” said Dylan, recalling his 45-minute hand-to-tentacle (触须) battle with the octopus.
But when he hauled it out of the water, people nearby didn’t look very happy. Dylan and his dive partner threw the octopus in the back of their truck and quickly left the scene.
Even though what Dylan did was perfectly legal and even though octopus is on restaurant menus all over the Northwest, the taking of this particular octopus touched a nerve. Adult members of the diving community that Dylan was so excited to be a part of not only roundly rejected him, but also threatened to kill him and his family. However, one diver from the Cove 2 community rose above the criticism to guide this young diver.
【语篇概述】热爱潜水的少年Dylan Mayer从海中抓了章鱼出来,尽管合法,但还是受到了很多人的批评。
21. What did Dylan Mayer decide to do on October 31, 2012?
A. To get married.
B. To grow his own food.
C. To support himself by diving.
D. To pull a giant pacific octopus.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第二段 he decided to marry his love of scuba diving with his desire to be self-sufficient and harvest his own food 可知答案为C。marry. . . with. . . 将……与……结合起来。
22. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Dylan went to Cove 2 alone.
B. Dylan spent 54 minutes catching the octopus.
C. Dylan attached great importance to keeping calm.
D. Dylan caught a cephalopod with some equipment.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。从第三段中The key is to stay calm 可知答案。
23. What were people’s reactions to Dylan’s taking of the octopus?
A. Not all people liked it.
B. People nearby were very satisfied.
C. Adult members of the diving community were very excited.
D. Nobody liked it because they thought it was against the law.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。从最后两段可以推出答案,不是所有人都赞成这种行为。
B
Britain’s first zero-carbon homes are being built—and they look like something from a science-fiction movie.
There are 25 eco-friendly homes currently being built in Southmoor, near Abingdon, Oxon. Buyers are able to have the final say on floor layouts,kitchens and bathrooms. One three-bedroom home is on the market for￡801 ,000,with a custom build available to suit your own specification. These eco-friendly houses are powered entirely by electricity from solar panels around the houses. They also have advanced ventilation (通风) systems, making sure that temperatures inside the building don’t go beyond 25℃ for more than 10% of hours annually, as well as mini heat pumps to generate (产生) the heating and hot water on-site. Part of the cooling design includes avoiding east or west-facing windows, and window shading.
And they’re in high demand. Ian Pritchett, of Ssassy Property, thinks the Government should do more to promote the construction of this type of housing. “Unfortunately, the Government relaxed the proposed 2016 zero-carbon targets after being lobbied(游说)by house builders,” Ian explained. “At present, the main house-building corporations control the land and only build at the rate they are sure will sell, keeping the UK’s housing shortage so that the normal rules of ‘supply and demand’ don’t apply. When there is a shortage of housing, buyers have to purchase what is available rather than what they might want. ”
In any sensible society, we would expect the planning system to actively encourage zero-carbon houses,and be tough on anyone failing to deliver the necessary standard. Instead, we have a planning system that focuses on other aspects such as numbers of bedrooms, garden sizes, and parking places. These are important aspects, but they pale into insignificance compared to the catastrophic consequences of climate change.
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。介绍了英国首个零碳家园的建设。涉及了零碳家园的基本特点、供求情况以及政府对此的态度。
24. What can a purchaser do before buying the type of housing?
A. Negotiate its price.
B. Choose where to build it.
C. Decide how the inside of it looks.
D. Design its ventilation.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第二段中的“Buyers are able to have the final say on floor layouts,kitchens and bathrooms. One three-bedroom home is on the market for￡801,000,with a custom build available to suit your own specification. (买家可以对楼层布局、厨房和浴室拥有最终决定权。市场上一套三居室的房子,售价为80. 1万英镑,买家可以根据自己的需求定制。)” 可知买家可以决定这种房屋的内部布局。
25. How do people react to the zero-carbon homes?
A. Welcome. 　　　　　 B. Uncaring.
C. Skeptical. D. Demanding.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第三段中的“And they’re in high demand. Ian Pritchett, of Ssassy Property, thinks the Government should do more to promote the construction of this type of housing. (这种房子需求量很大。Ssassy房产公司的伊恩·普里切特(Ian Pritchett)认为,政府应该为促进这类住房的建设做出更多努力。)”可知,人们很欢迎这类房子。B“漠不关心”;C“怀疑的”;D“要求高,苛刻的”。
26. What do house-building companies intend to do?
A. Balance the “supply and demand” of houses.
B. Purchase more land to stop climate change.
C. Build more houses powered by the sun.
D. Make it more difficult to buy houses.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。由第三段中的“目前,主要的房屋建筑公司控制着土地,只按他们确信会出售的速度建造房屋,这使得英国的住房短缺,使房屋“供应和需求”难以达到的正常要求。当房屋短缺时,购房者不得不购买现在所有的,而不能买他们想要的。”可知,房屋建造公司想让购房更为困难。
27. What’s the author’s attitude to the Government’s planning system?
A. Satisfied. B. Disapproving.
C. Worried. D. Ambiguous.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。最后一段作者谈到: 在任何一个理性的社会,我们都希望房屋规划系统积极鼓励零碳排放的住房,并对任何未能达到必要标准的人采取严厉措施。相反,我们的规划体系却专注于其他方面的规划,比如卧室数量、花园面积和停车位。这些都是重要的方面,但与气候变化的灾难性后果相比,它们就显得微不足道了。由此可知,作者对政府的房屋规划持不同的意见。
C
For most people, “coral reef” means something like the Great Barrier Reef: diverse multi-colored ecosystems swarming with fish and the organisms.
But hidden from view and largely unknown, some coral reefs thrive deep in the oceans, in Australia and elsewhere. In fact, the deep underwater coral reefs are now potentially threatened.
Deep in the darkness, coral reefs have formed on extinct volcanoes and rocky outcrops, better known as seamounts— undersea mountains, some more than a kilometer high.
In recent years, researchers in Australia and elsewhere have reported declines in coral reefs’ ability to grow. The slow-down has been linked to the steady rise in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which in the ocean translates as acidification. This reduces the ability of corals and other marine organisms to deposit calcium carbonate on their skeletons, risking their growth. Marine scientists estimate that in the last 250 years oceans have become 30% more acidic, and this worrying trend is projected to continue for the foreseeable future.
Climate change is also making water temperature change in different ways, warming parts of the ocean and cooling others. These temperature shifts have a direct impact on the physics and chemistry of deep-water ecosystems, and the biology of the animals living there. They may not be able to cope with the changes in their environment.
Can anything be done to protect these underwater environments? In a recent workshop, deep-sea scientists from around the world met with marine reserve managers and environmental policy makers to discuss the current status of deep-sea communities in the Huon Commonwealth Marine Reserve, how climate change may impact them and what can be done to help them.
Some solutions were radical. Throwing lots of lime into the ocean would make more carbonate available. Or we could sacrifice some living corals for the sake of others, crushing portions of reefs to provide available carbonates. We could move colonies to more favorable environments.
Other suggestions focused on policy changes: expanding marine reserves, reducing commercial fishing and other human activities in the area, or designing protection strategies beyond Australian borders, in suitable deep water habitats.
【语篇概述】海底的珊瑚很漂亮,但却是一个非常脆弱的生态系统。这种生态系统的脆弱体现在哪里,我们该如何去保护它,本文告诉你答案。
28. Why is the Great Barrier Reef mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. To lead in the topic.
B. To make an example.
C. To provide fact.
D. To make conclusion.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,第一段提到大堡礁,是为了导入文章主题,故选A。
29. What does the underlined word “This” refer to in Paragraph 4?
A. carbon dioxide　　　　 B. acidification
C. marine organism D. the atmosphere
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据This所在的位置可知,它指的是“The slow-down has been linked to the steady rise in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which in the ocean translates as acidification. ”中的“acidification”。
30. Which of the following is NOT the reason about the danger of the coral reefs in the ocean?
A. Acidification and temperature shifts.
B. Throwing lots of lime into the ocean.
C. Crushing portions of reefs.
D. B & C
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,B项和C项都是解决办法,不是原因,故选D。
31. Where can you read this passage?
A. A newspaper.
B. A nature reserve website.
C. A travel magazine.
D. A science journal.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。本文主要介绍了海底珊瑚的脆弱生态系统,受到威胁的原因以及可能的解决办法,故本文可能出现在自然保护网站上。
D
A 2018 report found that food waste would increase by a third to 2. 1 billion tons by 2030. Beyond the cost of the waste itself,thrown-away food generates a gas that contributes to climate change. 　　
Home delivery meal kits(盒)can reduce food waste by more than two-thirds,but suppliers need to switch to reusable packaging to make them environmentally friendly.
Tailor-made meal kits cut waste by providing people with precise amounts of fresh ingredients(原料)for chosen recipes,meaning leftovers are minimized. But while the delivery services score well on reducing food waste,buying the same food ingredients from the supermarket almost always saves energy overall simply because meal kits use so much single-use packaging. The good news is that if people have meals that are tailored for consumption,they won’t overbuy and have less food waste. They fine-tune the amount of food to what they will actually eat.
Meal kits can reduce transport emissions(排放)if people go to the supermarket less frequently. If people only go and buy such goods as soap and toilet paper,they may only have to visit once every couple of months. A delivery truck can carry meals for a lot of people in the neighborhood. So dozens of car trips might be replaced with one truck trip.
However,study found that even if delivery meal kits reduced food waste to zero,they would still use up more energy overall than buying the same food from the supermarket unless the energy used for the meal kit packaging was cut by a fifth. The packaging is a killer if it’s single-use and thrown away,which can make all the environmental benefits lost. But if the packaging can be reused,if it’s glass bottles,like in the old days,we can get some benefits.
【语篇概述】食物浪费存在于生活的各个方面。外卖餐盒,一次性包装,这些都在间接地消耗着能源。
32. What can we learn about home delivery meal kits?
A. They can cut down on daily expenses.
B. They will totally solve the problem of food waste.
C. They can keep energy consumption to a minimum.
D. They will benefit the environment with reusable packaging.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容可知,可重复利用的食品包装是有利于环境的。
33. What does the underlined word “fine-tune” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Attach. 　　　　　　B. Adjust.
C. Raise. D. Compare.
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据文章内容可知,此处指调整食物数量到他们实际需要的量。
34. The author suggests carrying meals with a delivery truck to_______.  
A. reduce transport emissions
B. save more food
C. shop only in the supermarket
D. shorten car trip distances
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知,卡车运送远比普通的车运送更能减少运送排放。
35. What’s the author’s attitude to meal kits?
A. Supportive. B. Unfavorable.
C. Objective. D. Indifferent.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,作者对食品包装持客观态度,也就是既有好处,也有坏处。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you have what it takes to survive in the desert in the event of an accident or emergency? If you’re thinking of traveling in the desert, you may consider studying up to learn some desert survival skills before you go. But you don’t have to be a survival expert to stay alive in the desert, as long as you can keep some important tips in mind.
Keep your head covered. It’s been said that the biggest dangers in desert survival are exposure and dehydration (脱水). 　36　 One of the best defenses against the sun is always having a big hat or other coverings for your head with you. If the top of your head is exposed to the direct sun, or even indirect sun for long periods, your body needs to work hard to keep itself cool. 　37　 
Cover the rest of your body as well. 　38　 Finding shade or constructing a shade shelter is one of the first ways for desert survival, as keeping out of the direct sun and not exposing yourself to the heat of the day will help to save water. The general idea is to stay out of the dehydrating rays of the sun during the day, and to travel during the cooler hours of the morning or evening.  
　39　 Actually, do drink the water, if you have it. Just don’t run out of it all at the first sign of thirst. A better way is to ration (定量供应) it for yourself, taking smaller sips throughout the day. If you do come across water in the desert, use extreme caution before you start drinking it down - it may not be safe for drinking.  
　40　 The more you eat, the thirstier you’ll get, so if you have food with you, take care to only nibble(小口吃) enough to keep the hunger pains away and your energy up. Your body can survive much longer without food than it can without water.  
A. Stay hungry.
B. Don’t drink the water.
C. Drink as much water as possible.
D. Neither of these is to be taken lightly.
E. This goes hand in hand with the first tip.
F. So the first rule in desert travel is covering the head up.
G. And the last thing you want to do is increase your thirst.
【语篇概述】文章讲述了在沙漠旅行中,当意外和紧急情况发生时的一些应对措施。
36. 【解析】选D。根据前边It’s been said that the biggest dangers in desert survival are exposure and dehydration. 据说沙漠生存的最大危险是暴晒和脱水。可知这两者是需要注意的,故选D。
37. 【解析】选F。根据前边One of the best defenses against the sun is always having a big hat or other coverings for your head with you. 抵御太阳的最好方法之一就是随身带着一顶大帽子或其他遮盖物。可知在沙漠旅行的第一条规则是把头蒙起来,故选F。
38. 【解析】选E。根据上一段If the top of your head is exposed to the direct sun, or even indirect sun for long periods, your body needs to work hard to keep itself cool. 如果你的头顶长时间暴露在阳光直射下,甚至是间接阳光直射下,你的身体需要努力保持凉爽。可知把头蒙起来和覆盖身体的其他部分是同时进行的,E项符合文意,故选E。
39. 【解析】选B。根据后边Just don’t run out of it all at the first sign of thirst. 不要一口就把水都喝光,可知要控制饮水。B项符合题意,注意不要理解成Don’t drink water。故选B。
40. 【解析】选A。根据后边The more you eat, the thirstier you’ll get, so if you have food with you, take care to only nibble enough to keep the hunger pains away and your energy up. 你吃得越多,你就会越渴,所以如果你有食物在身边,注意只吃一点,足够让饥饿感远离,精力充沛。可知要保持饥饿感,故选A。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Bobby, the mountain climber was famous for his attempts to climb the big snowy mountain. He had tried it at least thirty times, but had always failed halfway.
For the sake of　41　Bobby to try again, Old Peeper, the town optician, who witnessed his failure, presented him with a pair of　42　sunglasses. “If it starts clouding over or if your feet start hurting, put on these glasses. They’ll help you. ” Bobby accepted the gift　43　giving it much mind, but when his feet started　44　again he remembered Peeper’s words and put on the glasses. Then　45　came as usual in the form of cloud cover, but seemingly not so thick this time. So Bobby　46　climbing, leaving the clouds behind, forgetting his pain, and finally arriving at the summit. It was　47　worth it. His feeling of triumph was incomparable, almost as magnificent as that wonderful　48　. Resplendent in its silence, the mountain below was surrounded by a dense sea of clouds. Bobby didn’t remember the clouds being as　49　as that, so he looked more closely at the sunglasses, and　50　everything.  
Peeper had carved a light　51　on the lenses (镜片), in the form of the snow-covered summit. It was made in such a way that you could only　52　it if you looked upwards. Peeper had understood that whenever Bobby lost sight of his　53　, he would similarly lose sight of his dream, and his will to continue would weaken.  
Bobby realized that the only obstacle to reaching the summit had been his own discouragement. When he could no longer see the top of the mountain, the problems　54　. He thanked Peeper for using that little trick to help him see that his aims were not impossible, 　55　that they were still there, where they had always been.  
【语篇概述】文章讲述了Bobby作为一个登山者屡次失败,镇上的老眼镜商Peeper为了鼓励他又一次登山,送给他一副特殊的太阳镜,Bobby戴上它终于登上山顶。在山顶上,Bobby发现了眼镜的奥秘之处,原来Peeper在太阳镜片上刻上了山顶的图像,以便于Bobby能时刻看到自己的目标,最终取得了成功。
41. A. convincing　　　　　　B. encouraging
C. educating D. entertaining
【解析】选B。句意: 为了鼓励Bobby再尝试一次,镇上的老眼镜商Peeper……convincing说服,使相信;encouraging鼓励;educating 教育;entertaining款待。从后文Peeper对Bobby的帮助中可以看到,是鼓励Bobby再尝试一次。
42. A. special B. beautiful
C. fancy D. expensive
【解析】选A。句意: Peeper赠送了他一副特殊的太阳镜。special特殊的;beautiful漂亮的;fancy精致的;expensive昂贵的。通过浏览后文我们可知: Peeper在太阳镜片上刻上了山顶的影像,是特殊的太阳镜。
43. A. without　　 B. with　 　C. for　　 　D. to
【解析】选A。句意: Bobby没多想就收下了礼物。
44. A. breaking B. damaging
C. aching D. swelling
【解析】选C。句意: 当他的脚再一次开始疼时,他想到了Peeper的话,并戴上了那副眼镜。breaking打破,折断,弄坏;damaging损害,毁坏;aching疼痛;swelling肿胀。前文中Peeper 说道“If it starts clouding over or if your feet start hurting, put on these glasses. They’ll help you. (如果开始乌云密布或你的脚开始疼,带上这副眼镜,它会帮助你)”。联系上下文可知选C。
45. A. danger B. adventure
C. pressure D. misfortune
【解析】选D。句意: 当厄运像往常一样以乌云密布的方式到来了……danger危险;adventure冒险;pressure压力; misfortune 厄运,不幸的事。结合前文说Bobby屡次登山失败,此处应该填“厄运,不幸的事”。
46. A. quitted B. kept
C. accomplished D. abandoned
【解析】选B。句意: 当厄运像往常一样以乌云密布的方式到来了,但不像平时那么浓厚,所以Bobby继续登山,把乌云置于身后……quitted放弃;kept继续,持续;accomplished完成;abandoned放弃。故选B项。
47. A. normally B. practically
C. certainly D. exactly
【解析】选C。句意: 这当然是值得的。normally通常地,一般地;practically实际上,几乎;certainly无疑;当然;exactly精确地,确切地。因为Bobby终于登上了山顶,无疑是很值得的。
48. A. experience B. attempt
C. view D. present
【解析】选C。句意: 他的成功感是无法比拟的,几乎和山顶绝妙的风景一样壮观。experience经验,经历;attempt尝试;view风景; present礼物;现在。因为Bobby登上了山顶,以及后文中出现的“the mountain below was surrounded by a dense sea of clouds. 脚下的山被浓密的云海包围”所以此处应该是美妙的风景。
49. A. white B. thin C. dark D. thick
【解析】选D。此处表示: 在Bobby的记忆中,云没有这么浓厚,所以……因为他登山时戴的太阳镜上被刻上了山顶的图像,所以并不像真实中的那么浓,因此引入下文Bobby发现太阳镜的奥秘。
50. A. recognized B. grasped
C. believed D. acknowledged
【解析】选B。Bobby在仔细看过太阳镜后,了解了一切。recognized承认; grasped了解,抓住; believed相信;acknowledged承认;答谢。
51. A. image B. spot C. photo D. message
【解析】选A。句意: Peeper在镜片上刻了一个浅色图像,以白雪覆盖的山顶的形式。image影像,肖像,图像; spot地点; photo照片,相片;message信息; 消息。根据下面的“. . . in the form of the snow-covered summit. (……以白雪覆盖的山顶的形式出现)”所以应是一个画面,又因为是刻在眼镜上的,C选项不符。
52. A. move B. feel C. change D. see
【解析】选D。句意: 这样一来当你向上看的时候你就只能看到镜片里山顶的图像。move移动;feel感觉;change改变; see看到。
53. A. objective B. power C. success D. journey
【解析】选A。句意: Peeper已经了解到了,无论何时当Bobby失去他的目标时,他差不多就失去了他的梦想。objective目标,任务;power力量; success成功;journey旅行,历程。结合前文可知Peeper送给Bobby太阳镜的目的就是希望他能时刻看到自己的目标。
54. A. set off B. cut in
C. set in D. showed off
【解析】选C。句意: 当他看不到山顶时,问题就来了。set off出发; (使)开始;cut in插嘴; set in开始; 到来;showed off炫耀,卖弄。根据前文,当Bobby看不到目标时,就会导致一系列问题的到来。
55. A. so B. or C. and D. but
【解析】选C。“that his aims were not impossible”和“that they were still there”是并列关系,故用and。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Starting this September, freshmen at Tsinghua University will have to take swimming courses. They won’t receive their degrees until they pass the test
56. _________ (success). Exceptions will be allowed for students with certain physical or mental conditions, if 57. _________(prove) by medical staff.  
Actually, viewing the ability 58. _________(swim) as a must for students is not something new to this university. It was a 59. _________(require) in the early 20th century. Later it was dropped due to a 60. _________(rise) number of students and a lack of facilities(设施).  
As for 61. _________new rule, opinions vary greatly. Some students welcome it, saying it’s a necessary skill 62. _________can save lives, while others argue that it’s not reasonable to link degrees 63. _________swimming ability.  
In response to the negative reviews, Liu Bo, head of the Division of Sports Science, gave the following explanation. As a water sport, swimming does less harm to joints(关节)and muscles and is 64. _________(help) in improving students’ endurance. 65. _________(consequence) it’s beneficial to students in the long run.  
【语篇概述】本文是学校活动类短文,今年九月份开始,清华大学的大一新生必须上游泳课,除非有医生证明身体有问题,否则都要参加。对于这个要求一些学生是欢迎的,因为游泳是一种必要的生活技能;也有负面的观点,认为游泳对于关节和肌肉有一点危害,不过从长远来看对学生有好处。
56. 【解析】successfully。考查副词。句意: 他们直到成功通过考试才能获得学位。success名词,用副词修饰动词。
57. 【解析】proved/proven。考查动词时态及语态。句意: 如经医务人员证明,患有某些身体或精神疾病的学生可豁免。if引导的是省略句,省略了it (代指certain physical or mental conditions)is,it与prove之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词。
58. 【解析】to swim。考查动词不定式。句意: 事实上,把游泳能力看作学生必须具备的能力对这所大学来说并不新鲜。the ability to do sth. 表示“做某事的能力”。
59. 【解析】requirement。考查名词。句意: 这是20世纪初的一项要求。有a修饰,所以用名词requirement。
60. 【解析】rising。考查词形变化。句意: 后来,由于学生人数的增加和设施的缺乏,该项目被取消。rise是动词,此处需要形容词形式,故填rising。
61. 【解析】the。考查冠词。句意: 关于新规定,意见分歧很大。这里上文提到的新规,特指new rule用定冠词the。
62. 【解析】that/which。考查定语从句的关系词。句意: 一些学生对此表示欢迎,称这是一项能够拯救生命的必要技能,而其他人则认为将学位与游泳能力联系起来是不合理的。代指先行词 a necessary skill 作定语从句的主语用that/which。
63. 【解析】with/ to。考查介词。句意: 一些学生对此表示欢迎,称这是一项能够拯救生命的必要技能,而其他人则认为将学位与游泳能力联系起来是不合理的。短语link. . . to/with与……有关;与……相连接。
64. 【解析】helpful。考查词形变化。句意: 作为一项水上运动,游泳对关节和肌肉的伤害较小,有助于提高学生的耐力。help的形容词是helpful。
65. 【解析】Consequently。考查副词。句意: 因此,从长远来看,这对学生是有益的。it’s beneficial to students in the long run表示“从长远来看对学生有好处”,是上文的结果,所以用Consequently连接。
第四部分　写作 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
你发现周围很多同学在用手机发短信,玩游戏等,影响了正常学习,请针对这个现象,写一份广播稿,呼吁同学放下手机,多关注身边的人和事。内容包括:
1. 简述频繁使用手机的危害性;
2. 提出至少三项合理化的建议(多锻炼……)。
注意: 1. 词数80个左右;
2. 开头已给出,不计入总词数;
3. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear fellow students,
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【参考范文】
Dear fellow students,
Recently I have found many of us students spend too much time sending short messages or playing games on cell phones, which has negative effects on our studies and also does harm to our eyes. Worse still, we have little time to communicate with our parents and friends. Nor do we have time for physical exercise.
What shall we do to improve the situation? All of us should be fully aware of the harmful effects of frequent use of cell phones. To begin with, let’s limit our time of playing with cell phones and start other hobbies. What’s more, we should spend more time playing sports, which is beneficial to us. Besides, communicating with our friends is also a good choice to help us relax and get rid of the addiction. I hope that my suggestions will be of help to you.
Let’s put down our cell phones and focus on what is happening around us !
Let’s take action now!
That’s all. Thank you for your listening.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150个左右。
Once upon a time, there was a farmer called Rip Van Winkle. He lived in a village in the mountains with his wife and two young children, a daughter and a son. Rip was a very happy and kind man and he got on well with all the children in the village. They loved him because he played games with them and often told them stories while he was sitting outside the “King George”, the village inn.
He spent a lot of time in the inn because he was a very lazy man. Instead of working on his farm, he would go fishing or hunting, or sit in the village inn talking to his friends. His family was poor and his wife used to get angry with him. “What kind of farmer are you?” She would say. “Why don’t you get down to some work, you lazy man!”
After arguments with his wife, Rip always went off hunting with his dog, Wolf. One day, after another argument, Rip went further than usual in the woods and came to a beautiful valley. Suddenly, he heard a strange voice calling his name. An old man, dressed in old-fashioned clothes, was trying to carry a barrel(木桶) and asked Rip to help him. Rip agreed. They took the barrel to a cave, where there were more people, all dressed in the same strange clothes. After that, the old man gave Rip a drink from the barrel. Rip immediately fell into a deep sleep.
注意:
续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
Some time later, he woke up under a tree in the same valley. ______________
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Paragraph 2:
　　When he got to his house, he saw that it was old and abandoned. ___________
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【参考范文】
Paragraph 1:
Some time later, he woke up under a tree in the same valley. He was alone, worried about his dog and he knew he was going to get into more trouble with his wife. Then he noticed a curious thing—his hair was over his shoulders and his beard was over a foot long! So strange was he that he decided immediately to get back to the village. As soon as he got there, he realized that everything was different and there were lots of new houses. Surprisingly, he didn’t recognize the people in the village.
Paragraph 2:
When he got to his house, he saw that it was old and abandoned. To his sorrow, his wife had died two years before and the two children had left away. Despite the argument with his wife, he was regretful of the past. Facing this sharp change, Rip was determined to change his way of living and never be a lazy man. He became a diligent farmer and kept pace with the new society. In his spare time, he would still go to the old inn that had been rebuilt to tell some stories about his adventure in the valley, which appealed to the children a lot.