英语选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown示范课ppt课件

这是一份英语选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown示范课ppt课件，文件包含2020_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit5IntotheunknownDevelopingideas课件外研版选择性必修第四册ppt、2020_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit5IntotheunknownStartingoutUnderstandingideas课件外研版选择性必修第四册ppt、2020_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit5IntotheunknownUsinglanguage课件外研版选择性必修第四册ppt、2020_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit5Intotheunknown课件外研版选择性必修第四册ppt等4份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共195页， 欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词1. Maya __________　　　　　　玛雅文明 2. _____ ne’s face in ne’s hands 双手掩面3. be crazy abut __________着迷天文学4. _____ systems运河系统5. fall int ____ (因无人照料而)衰落, 败落6. ________ the city 离弃城市7. _______ the thery 否定这个理论8. huge _________ f the ppulatin人口的巨大增加
civilisatin
Ⅱ. 选词填空1. The dg Hlly, the faithful cmpanin, has _____________the castle grunds at a spt the Queen can see frm her drawing rm windw.  2. Marketing ___________everything these days, and bks are n exceptin.  3. By 700A. D. , Maya civilizatin was _________.  
been buried in
is applied t
at its peak
crrespnd t, apply. . . t. . . , be based n, at ne’s peak, fall int ruin, lead t, deal with, be buried in
4. This is likely t have _____a series f drughts, each lasting fr a cuple f years.  5. The president knew hw t ________the crisis.  6. In 1860, the Old Summer Palace ___________with fire.  7. My cnceptin f a garden ____________gardens I had visited in England.  8. Their designs, fr the mst part, ____________actual needs and regulatins n envirnmental demand.  
fell int ruin
was based n
Ⅰ. 文本整体理解: 理清文章架构
Ⅱ. 文本细节理解: 探寻语篇细节信息1. Which achievement isn’t mentined in Paragraph 2? A. pyramids　　　　　　B. mathematicsC. astrnmy D. agriculture
2. What is the authr’s purpse in starting the passage with the stry abut William Gadury? A. T intrduce Maya civilisatinB. T amuse the readers C. T emphasize the imprtance f Maya civilisatinD. T infrm us the lcatin f the Maya city
3. Which isn’t the reasn fr Maya civilisatin’s falling int ruin? A. The Maya peple turned wetlands int fields. B. The Maya peple dug canal systems. C. A series f drughts. D. Their technlgy wasn’t advanced.
4. What can’t we infer frm the passage? A. Maya civilisatin made a difference t ur mdern sciety. B. Bth human causes and natural causes led t Maya civilisatin disappearing. C. Peple still can’t slve the mystery f Maya civilisatin. D. By 700 B. C. , the Maya civilisatin was at its peak. 答案: 1～4. DADD
Ⅲ. 文本素养提升: 阅读技能综合运用译文: 玛雅社会在技术上是原始的这一事实_________________________________
使得它的成就更加不可思议和神秘。
译文: 许多科学家认为, 。
这些干旱是玛雅文明在不同地方开始以不同速度崩溃的主要原因
2. 课文语法填空。　　The 15-year-ld Canadian William Gadury fund that the lcatin f the 117 knwn cities crrespnd t the psitins f the stars. (1)______(base) n this, he believed he had sptted an unknwn Maya city buried deep in the jungle. Maya civilisatin has many achievements. They (2)_______(apply)their understanding f mathematics and astrnmy t the Maya calendar, (3)______was accurate t within 30 secnds per year. The Maya built (4)__________(impress) palaces and temples, including their representative step pyramids.
(5)_____ is mst extrardinary is hw the architectures were built withut using f wheels, metal tls r even animal pwer. The fact that Maya sciety was (6)_____________ (technlgical) primitive makes its achievements mre incredible and mysterius. By 700AD, Maya civilisatin was at (7)___ peak, but then it began t mysteriusly decline. Here are tw main reasns why it fell (8)____ruin. The first ne is that the Maya peple turned wetlands int fields fr grwing grains and dug huge canal systems, which caused the Maya peple unknwingly t reduce their ability (9) ______(deal) with natural disaster. Besides, the drughts led t fd
technlgically
(10)________(shrt), cnflicts and the dwnfall f the cities. Whatever the reasns, Maya civilisatin still leaves varius mysteries fr later peple t slve.  
3. 阅读主题活动。(1)What ther things d yu think culd destry a civilizatin? __________________________________________________________________(2)What lessns can yu learn frm the cllapse f Maya civilizatin? Hw can this infrmatin help the develpment f tday’s sciety? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The aliens, the scial ranking system, the crruptin f its sciety and s n.  
Death cmes frm ease and pleasure; life springs frm srrw and calamity.
If we want ur sciety t develp rapidly and steadily, we shuld mve with
the times.  
1. crrespnd t与……相符; 相当于*Thrugh cmparisn, he fund that the lcatins f the 117 knwn Maya cities crrespnd t the psitins f the stars. 通过比较, 他发现117个已知玛雅城市的位置与恒星的位置相对应。*The gills f a fish crrespnd t ur lungs. 鱼的鳃相当于我们的肺。*D yu ever crrespnd with yur verseas friends? 你和你国外的朋友通过信吗?
*These gds dn’t crrespnd with/t the list f thse I rdered. 这些货物与我的订货单不相符。*I have been in crrespndence with his private cnsultant abut the prblem. [词汇复现]关于这问题, 我和他的私人顾问一直书信往来。
【语块积累】crrespnd with 　　　　　与……通信; 与……相符in crrespndence with与……通信; 与……一致
【即学活用】 语法填空(1)The written recrd f the cnversatin desn’t crrespnd _______ what was actually said. (2)They have been in ______________ (crrespnd) with each ther since they left university. (3)In the past, it was difficult t crrespnd ____ ur relatives.
crrespndence
2. fall int ruin (因无人照料而)衰落; 败落*Its nce-great cities fell int ruin, leaving varius mysteries fr later peple t slve. 它曾经的大城市都衰落了, 留下了各种各样的谜团供后来的人们去解开。*A lt f us fall int the trap f finding happiness frm the utside wrld. 我们许多人都掉入一个陷阱: 从外面世界寻找快乐。*The prblems put frward by a freshman generally fall int tw categries. 大一新生提出的问题大致分成两类。
*The estate wned by the kingdm is nw in ruins. 国王曾经拥有的庄园现在成了一片废墟。
【语块积累】(1)in ruins 　　　一片废墟(2)fall int 陷入……; 分成……
【即学活用】(1)语法填空①Ever since the earthquake, this place has been __ ruins.  ②Many ancient sculptures fell ____ ruin after the earthquake. (2)After ______________________, the cuntry _______many parts.  这个王国衰落后, 国家分成了很多部分。
the kingdm fell int ruin
3. abandn v. 离弃; 逃离 *The scientist was frced t abandn ding the research n the prblem. 科学家被迫放弃对这个问题的研究。*With s many bstacles n his way t success, he almst abandned himself t despair. 在成功的路上有那么多的障碍, 他几乎陷入绝望。*There’s nly the muntain in this directin, and higher up an ld ruin, an abandned castle. [词汇复现]从这个方向望去只看得到这座山, 以及更高处的一处废墟, 一座废弃的城堡。
【语块积累】abandn sth. /ding sth. 　　　　　放弃某事(物)/做某事abandn neself t sth. /ding sth. 陷入; 沉浸于abandnedadj. 被遗弃的; 被离弃的
【即学活用】 语法填空(1)Wang Shu, a 49-year-ld Chinese architect(建筑师), cllected mre than 7 millin __________(abandn) bricks f different ages. (2)She admitted that she abandned ______(she) t a life f pleasure. (3)T ur surprise, he abandned ________(study) Chinese literature at cllege. (4)The car was fund __________(abandn) in the desert.
4. dismiss v. 拒绝考虑; 否定; (从头脑中)去除; 解雇*Althugh his thery has been dismissed by schlars, it shws hw pwerful the secrets f Ancient Maya civilisatin are amng peple. 尽管他的理论被学者们驳斥了, 但它显示出远古玛雅文明的秘密在人们当中是多么强大。*I think we can safely dismiss their bjectins. 我认为我们对他们的异议完全可以不予理会。*Vegetarians are n lnger dismissed as cranks. 素食主义者不再被当作怪人。
*The chairwman claims she was unfairly dismissed frm her pst. [词汇复现] 这个女会长声称自己被无理免职。*I dismissed him frm my mind. 我不再想他了。
【语块积累】dismiss. . . as. . . 　　 把……当作……予以否定dismiss. . . frm. . . (从头脑中)去除; 从……解雇
【名师点津】 在日常英式英语中, 说 “开除” 人们一般用 sack, 在日常美式英语中一般用 fire, 而不用 dismiss。
【即学活用】 语法填空(1)He just laughed and dismissed my advice __ impractical. (2)The emplyee was dismissed _____ his pst last week. (3)The teacher was _________ (dismiss) frm his pst fr unprfessinal cnduct.
5. expansin n. 扩大; 增加; 膨胀*One f the pssible reasns fr its cllapse is the huge expansin f the ppulatin. 它崩溃的一个原因可能是人口的巨大膨胀。*The cmpany has abandned plans fr further expansin. 词汇复现该公司已经放弃了进一步扩张的计划。*Western cnsultants are nw helping Huawei expand int new lines f business. 西方顾问们如今正帮助华为向新的业务领域扩张。*Engineers nticed that the pipes were nt expanding as expected. 工程师注意到管道并没有如预期那样膨胀。
【语块积累】expand(. . . )int　　　　　　(把……) 扩展/发展成……cntract(反义词)vi. 收缩
【易混辨析】“扩大延伸”巧辨析expand 指范围、体积的扩大、 膨胀; enlarge 指面积、体积的扩大; extend 指长度、宽度的延伸及时间的延长; spread 指物种、疾病、思想、 文化等的传播、延伸。
【即学活用】(1)语法填空①Despite the recessin the cmpany is cnfident f further _________(expand). ②Yuan Lngping searched fr a way t increase rice harvests withut _________ (expand) the area f the fields. (2)It tk nly ten years fr the village ___________________.  仅花费了10年这个小村就发展成了一个城镇。
t expand int a twn
6. On tp f all this was an achievement unique in the Americas at that time: a true writing system.  【句式解构】句子中 On tp f all this was an achievement 为介词短语位于句首引起的完全倒装。*By the windw sat a yung wman with a bk in his hand. 窗边坐着一个年轻女子, 手里拿着一本书。*Away went the runners. 赛跑选手们跑远了。*Dwn came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 下雨了, 伞都撑起来了。
【名师点津】“完全倒装”两注意(1)为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密, 有时可将作状语或表语的介词短语置于句首, 句中主语和谓语完全倒装。例如: *Amng these peple was his friend, Jim. 他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。*Under the tree sat a yung man with a magazine in his hand. 树下坐着一个年轻人, 手里拿着一本杂志。
(2)在表语置于句首的这类倒装结构中, 要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致, 而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较: *In the bx was a cat. 箱子里是一只猫。*In the bx were sme cats. 箱子里是一些猫。
【即学活用】(1)语法填空①Fr a mment nthing happened. Then_____(cme) vices all shuting tgether. ②There ______(stand) a stne bridge acrss the river. ③Hanging n the wall __ (be) a picture by Van Ggh. (2)At the ft f the muntain ___________.  山脚下有一个村庄。(3) __________the taxi.  出租车来了。
lies a village
【知识延伸】 完全倒装的其他形式①here类当表示地点的here和 there位于句首时, 其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和cme, g等表示移动或动态的不及物动词。如: *There’s Jim. 吉姆在那儿。*There ges the bell. 铃响了。这类倒装句的主语只能是名词, 若主语为代词, 则不能倒装。如: *Here it cmes. 它来了。
②away类副词away, dwn, in, ff, ut, ver, rund, up 等位于句首时, 其后也用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词。如: *Rund and rund flew the plane. 飞机盘旋着。*The dr pened and in came Mr Smith. 门开了, 史密斯先生进来了。这类倒装句的主语也只能是名词, 若主语为代词, 则不用倒装。如: *Away he went. 他跑远了。*Dwn it came. 它掉了下来。
③非谓语动词类有时为了强调, 可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首, 从而构成倒装。如: *Standing beside the table was his wife. 站在桌旁的是他的妻子。*Buried in the sands was an ancient village. 一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。*T be carefully cnsidered are the fllwing questins. 下列问题要仔细考虑。
【要点拾遗】1. bury v. 将……埋在下面; 遮盖; 掩藏(感情、错误等)*Based n this, he believed he had sptted an unknwn Maya city buried deep in the jungle. 基于此, 他相信他发现了一个不知名的玛雅城市被埋藏在丛林深处。*The letters frm the detective gt buried under a pile f papers. 来自私家侦探的信被压在一堆文件底下。
*She had learnt t bury her feelings, especially when she was angry. 她已经学会了感情不外露尤其生气时。*He buried his face in his hands and wept. 他双手掩面而泣。*He was s buried in his wrk that the nise utside the windw just washed ver him. 他埋头工作, 丝毫不为窗外的嘈杂声所动。
【语块积累】bury ne’s face/head in ne’s hands (因难过)双手掩面/抱头bury neself in. . . 埋头……类似的短语有: devte neself t 致力于……abandn neself in 沉浸于……absrb neself in. . . 使全神贯注于……lst neself in 沉浸于……
【即学活用】(1)语法填空①______ (bury) in the bk; she did nt ntice what had happened. ②Ever since he mved there, he (bury) in his research wrk.  (2) ___________________________his study, the scientist knew nthing abut the matter.  埋头于研究, 这个科学家对此事一点不知道。
has been buried
Burying himself in/Buried in
2. apply. . . t. . . 把……运用到……*They applied this understanding t the Maya calendar, which was accurate t within 30 secnds per year. 他们将这种理解应用到每年精确到30秒以内的玛雅历法中。*In 1998, he applied t be a member f Prject 921, which is nw called Shenzhu. 1998 年, 他申请成为“921”计划即现名“神舟”计划的一员。*The freshman is applying t Beijing University fr the fellwship. 这个大一新生在向北京大学申请奖学金。
*Faulks has applied himself t this task with cnsiderable energy. 福克斯为这项任务倾注了大量精力。*The cnventinal rule des nt apply t us. [词汇复现]这条惯例对我们不适用。
【语块积累】apply t 　　　　　　　　　适用于apply t sb. t d sth. 向……申请做某事apply t sb. fr sth. 向某人申请某物apply neself t(ding)sth. 致力于……, 专心于……apply v. →applicatin n. 申请→applicant n. 申请人
【即学活用】(1)语法填空①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)In rder t pass the class, amng ther criteria, we had t write a paper n hw we plan t apply what we wuld learn in class __ ur future prfessins. ②(2018·天津高考)I’m writing t apply ______(jin) the English Assciatin f ur schl , thinking that I’m well qualified fr the jb.  
(2)Yu can _________________this case.  你可以把那些规则运用于这一情况。(3)They may ___________the rganizatin devted t charity.  他们可以申请加入这个致力于慈善的组织。
apply thse rules t
apply t jin
3. lead t导致; 通向*These drughts wuld have led t fd shrtages, cnflicts and, ultimately, the dwnfall f the cities. 这些干旱会导致粮食短缺、冲突, 最终导致城市的崩溃。*I’m bund t say that it seems t me this is certain t lead t vilence. 我不得不说, 在我看来这肯定会引发暴力事件。*The tugh market wuld lead t 400 jbs being cut in the first half f this year. 形势严峻的市场将导致今年上半年400个职位的削减。*All rads lead t Rme. 条条大路通罗马。
【语块积累】lead sb. t sp. 领着某人到某地
【知识延伸】 含介词t 的动词短语: stick t　　　 坚持bject t反对appeal t呼吁; 吸引belng t属于turn t转向; 求助于pay attentin t注意lk frward t期待; 盼望
【即学活用】(1)语法填空 ①Failure ften lies in laziness while hard wrk leads __ success. ②The discvery f new evidence led t the thief ___________(catch).  (2)On the rad ___________________________________________ 在通往未来的道路上, 懒惰会导致失败。
being caught
leading t yur future, laziness can lead t failure.
4. By changing the landscape in this way, it is pssible that the Maya peple unknwingly reduced their ability t deal with natural disasters.  通过这种方式改变地形, 玛雅人有可能在不知不觉中降低了他们应对自然灾害的能力。
【句式解构】本句为it is pssible that从句, it为形式主语。*It is pssible/prbable/likely that the trainee is qualified fr the challenging jb. 这个实习生可能胜任这份挑战性的工作。*D yu think it is pssible fr a rbt t have its wn needs and desires? 你认为机器人有可能有自己的需求和愿望吗? *They are likely t respnd psitively t the President’s request fr aid. 他们可能会对总统的援助要求作出积极回应。
*I’m very excited abut the pssibility f playing fr England’s first team. 想到可能为英格兰首屈一指的球队效力, 我非常兴奋。*There is nw n pssibility that she will make a full recvery. 她现在已不可能完全康复。
【易混辨析】pssible/prbable/likely
【知识延伸】 the pssibility f (ding) sth. (做)某事的可能性There’s a/n pssibility that. . . 有/没有可能……
【即学活用】(1)语法填空①There seems t be n _________ (pssible)that the girl has witnessed the incident. ②There’s a pssibility ____ the train may be late due t the heavy snw.
(2)一句多译他很可能会丢掉工作。①______________________________________________②________________________________________③________________________④________________________________
It is pssible/prbable/likely that he will lse his jb.  
There is a pssibility that he will lse his jb.  
He is likely t lse his jb.  
It is pssible fr him t lse his jb.  
【一语闻天下】1. Mdern civilizatin is built n cncrete and steel. Put the tw tgether, thugh, and yu can generate a prblem. 现代文明是建立在钢筋混凝土基础上的。然而, 将两者结合起来, 就会产生一个问题。2. Recent plls shw Biden beating Trump by a wide margin, but the president is eager t dismiss the entire Demcratic field as t far t the left. 最近的民意调查显示, 拜登以巨大优势领先于特朗普, 不过特朗普想要将整个民主党斥为极左翼。
3. “Partnering with an established rganizatin like Cty will be instrumental in the advancement f my brands as their glbal reach allws fr faster expansin s peple arund the wrld are able t experience new launches first hand, ” Kardashian West said in the release. 卡戴珊·维斯特在新闻稿中说: “和科蒂这样的大公司合作对提升我的品牌很有帮助, 因为他们的全球影响力可以使我们快速扩展业务, 全球的人都能亲身体验新推出的产品。”4. A beer in ne f Budapest’s ruin pubs is a must when visiting the city. 在你游览这座城市时, 一定要去布达佩斯的一个废墟酒吧喝杯啤酒。
5. In a functining marketplace, prducers f gds the cnsumers dn’t want wuld quickly have t abandn such endeavrs and fcus their effrts int prductive areas f the ecnmy. 在一个运作良好的市场中, 消费者不想要的商品的生产者很快就不得不放弃这种努力, 把精力集中在经济生产领域。
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空1. Mr Jhnsn lived in the wds with his wife and children. He wned an farm, which lked almst __________ (abandn). 2. But the prblem shuld nt ___________( dismiss) ut f hand, as it has been by sme AI researchers.  3. Fr example, peple vlunteer t express persnal values related t unselfishness, _________(expand) their range f experiences, and t strengthen scial relatinships.  
be dismissed
4. He std n the sidewalk with his hands ______ (bury) in the pckets f his dark vercat. 5. He burned all the imprtant dcuments fr fear that they shuld fall ____ the enemy’s hands. 6. ___ his peak, the writer was able t prduce up t 10 nvels a year. 7. (2019·天津高考) Scientists have built an early-warning system based ___ mathematical mdels.  8. The gds d nt crrespnd _______ the samples yu sent me.
9. This affects their nervus systems and ability t prduce baby birds, and can lead __ kidney (肾) failure and death. 10. When they returned t Rckaway the next day, they fund their neighbrhd in _____ (ruin).
Ⅱ. 句型转换1. It is pssible that she has reached the destinatin. =_________________________the destinatin. (sb. /sth. be likely t d) 2. The thing he said desn’t crrespnd t the thing he did. =____________desn’t crrespnd t ___________. (名词性从句) 3. The girl wh is dressed in a red cat is the bride. =The girl __________________is the bride. (形容词短语作定语) 
She is likely t have reached
What he said
what he did
dressed in a red cat
4. The reasn why I was absent frm the meeting was that it rained. =____________________________________(独立主格) 5. A small wden huse stands at the edge f the wd. =______________________________________________(完全倒装) 
It raining, I was absent frm the meeting.
At the edge f the wd stands a small wden huse.
Ⅲ. 完成句子1. ________________, he didn’t ntice the Christmas tree decrated with many decratins.  埋头阅读, 他没有注意到装饰了许多装饰物的圣诞树。2. It desn’t matter _____________________, and ________________ is hw yu see yurself.  别人怎么看你并不重要, 最重要的是你如何看待自己。
Buried in reading
what thers think f yu
what matters mst
3. They drve t the palace, ______________________.  在人群的欢呼声中, 他们驱车来到皇宫。4. _______________________________________________made her disappinted.  他儿子没被大学录取的事实使她失望。5. On the tp f the muntain ___________, in which lived three mnks. 山上有座庙, 庙里住着三个和尚。 
with the crwds cheering
The fact that her sn wasn’t admitted int a university
lies a temple
Ⅳ. 结合课文主题使用本单元词汇与句型, 根据提示写一篇50个词左右的短文 1. 众所周知, 被神秘包围的玛雅文明一直吸引着人们。 (主语从句/形容词短语作定语/intrigue)2. 最不寻常的是这些令人印象深刻的建筑是如何建造的, 没有使用轮子、金属工具, 甚至没有使用动物的力量。(主语从句/表语从句)3. 它之所以陷入废墟, 是因为玛雅人在不知不觉中降低了应对自然灾害的能力。(表语从句/deal with/fall int ruin)
It is knwn that Maya civilizatin surrunded by mystery has been intriguing peple. What is mst extrardinary is hw the impressive architectures were built withut the use f wheels, metal tls r even animal pwer. The reasn why it fell int ruin is that the Maya peple unknwingly reduced their ability t deal with natural disasters.
【语用训练】Ⅰ. 单句语法填空1. The ancient ___________(civilizatin)f Central and Latin America were funded upn crn.  2. The mre I gt t knw him, the mre he ________ (intrigue)me. 3. I was lking fr my handbag, which __________(bury)under a pile f ld newspapers.  4. They built the _________ (pyramid)and turned their kings int mummies.
civilizatins
5. ______ (canal) have been built t take water t the desert. 6. Yu must grw these _______ (trpic)flwers in a glasshuse. 7. In the Pacific such strms are called ________(cyclne), but in the Atlantic are typically called hurricanes. 8. Acknwledge yur successes alng with yur _________ ( dwnfall). 9. He ______________(abandn)by his father when he was three mnths ld.  10. If yu dn’t cncentrate mre n yur wrk, yu’ll ___________(dismiss).  
was abandned
Ⅱ. 选词填空1. In this firm, the manager _____________the general in the army.  2. This kind f discussin will certainly ______still greater differences between the tw parties.  3. Their numerical system, derived frm the Babylnians, ____________multiples f the number six.  
crrespnds t
crrespnd t; be based n; at ne’s peak; fall int ruin; lead t ; deal with
4. It is becming increasingly difficult t ________the prblems f traffic in big cities.  5. ___________, Hustn was the glden girl f the music wrld.  6. A large number f churches ___________after revlutin.  
At her peak
Ⅲ. 翻译句子1. 由于埋头工作, 他没有注意到时间已经很晚了。(过去分词作状语)____________________________________________ 2. 他会不会讲法语并不重要。(It desn’t matter句型)_______________________________________________ 3. 在老师的帮助下, 他的英语进步很大。(with复合结构)____________________________________________________ 
Buried in wrking, he didn’t ntice it was t late.
It desn’t matter whether he can speak French r nt.
His English has imprved a lt with his teacher helping him.
4. 你听说他在比赛中获得一等奖的消息了吗? (同位语从句)_____________________________________________________________ 5. 很可能她已经到达了目的地。(it is likely that从句)________________________________________ 
Have yu heard the news that he gt the first prize in the cmpetitin?
It is likely that she has reached the destinatin.
【主题阅读】Ⅰ. 阅读理解A(2021·哈尔滨高二检测) The Mayan Indians lived in Mexic fr thusands f years. The Maya were s bright that they achieved a lt. They had farms, temples and cities with many buildings. They knew much abut nature and the wrld arund them. This knwledge helped them t live a better life than mst peple f that time.
In ancient Mexic there were many small clearings in the frest. In each clearing was a village with fields f crps arund it. The Maya planted seeds after they cleared the land. A farmer was able t grw crps that prduced fr several peple. But nt every Maya had t be a farmer. Sme were builders r priests (祭司).
The Maya believed in many gds. They built large temples t hnr them. Skillful wrkers built cities arund these temples. It was difficult because they had t carry all f the building materials themselves. Tday, many f these ancient Mayan cities and temples are still standing. Althugh the Maya wrked hard t build the beautiful cities, very few f them lived in them. Usually, nly the priests lived in the cities. The ther peple lived in small villages in the frests. Their huses were much simpler. Mst Maya lived a simple life clse t nature.
Arund the year 800, the Maya left their villages and beautiful cities, never t return. N ne knws why this happened. They may have died frm a deadly disease. They may have left because the sil culd n lnger grw crps. The lst secrets f the Maya are still beynd the reach f mdern peple. They are still ne f ur greatest mysteries.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍神秘的玛雅人的生活、信仰等, 从而说明玛雅人的神秘。
1. The Maya lived better than mst peple f their times because ______.  A. they had skillful wrkersB. they believed in many gdsC. they knew better abut natureD. they culd measure time crrectly
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由“They knew much abut nature and the wrld arund them. This knwledge helped them t live a better life than mst peple f that time. ”可知他们知道很多关于自然和周围的世界的知识。这些知识帮助他们过上比当时大多数人更好的生活。故选C。
2. It can be inferred frm the passage that ______.  A. the priests were nt highly respected by the ancient MayaB. the ancient Mayan cities and temples were well builtC. the ancient Mayan peple led a happy life in the citiesD. the ancient Mayan peple died frm a serius disease
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由“Tday, many f these ancient Mayan cities and temples are still standing. ”今天, 许多这些古老的玛雅城市和寺庙仍然屹立。可知古玛雅的城市和寺庙很坚固, 建造得非常好。B符合语境。故选B。
3. The underlined wrd “They” in the last paragraph refers t ______.  A. the Mayan pepleB. the Mayan villagesC. the Mayan citiesD. the lst secrets f the Maya
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。“The lst secrets f the Maya are still beynd the reach f mdern peple. They are still ne f ur greatest mysteries. ”玛雅人失踪的秘密至今仍不为现代人所知。这些秘密仍然是我们最大的奥秘之一。They指的是前一句玛雅人失踪之谜。D符合语境, 故选D。
4. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr this passage? A. The Cities f the MayaB. The Belief f the MayaC. The MayaD. The Buildings f the Maya【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文分别介绍玛雅人的生活、城市、信仰等都只是介绍了玛雅人的一方面, 故选C。
B(2021·西安高二检测)　　The ruins f a Maya city have been discvered in Guatemala with the help f the remte sensing technique LiDAR. This lst city envelps sites like Tikal, Hlmul, and Witzna, but shws that these famus areas are a small part f this lst urban netwrk.
Hidden under the jungles f the Maya Bisphere Reserve site, mre than 60, 000 human-made features—hmes, canals, highways, and mre — have been identified in aerial images cllected by sme internatinal researchers headed by the PAGUNAM Fundatin, a Maya cultural and natural heritage rganizatin. Thse have experts rethinking the utlines and cmplexity f the Maya Empire.
These ancient peples bviusly created these imaginative cultures based n their knwn relics (遗迹), but the new research has suggested that the size f this lst sciety is far beynd what experts imagined. The findings will be explred in a ne-hur dcumentary called Lst Treasures f the Maya Snake Kings, t be bradcast n the Natinal Gegraphic Channel.
This breakthrugh was pssible thanks t LiDAR sensrs, which can survey lands in 3D by buncing pulses ff the grund frm unmanned air vehicles and thers. LiDAR is exceptinally useful fr detecting archelgical(考古的)sites, as it gets thrugh jungles and ther features that hld up explratin n the grund. The technique has made many discveries becme a reality in recent years. Fr instance, majr finds at Angkr, Cambdia and Caracl, Belize can explain what it did. The final gal is t survey Guatemala’s lwlands with it.
“There are entire cities we didn’t knw abut nw shwing up in the survey data, ” Francisc Estrada-Belli, ne f the lead archelgists n the prject, said in Nat Ge’s cming dcumentary. “There are 20, 000 square kilmetres mre t be explred and there are ging t be hundreds f cities abut the mysterius peple wh built this urban netwrk there that we dn’t knw abut, and we will push back the frntiers with the technlgy, ” he added.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在遥感技术激光雷达的帮助下, 在危地马拉发现了一座玛雅城市的废墟, 新的研究表明这个失落的社会的规模远远超出了专家的想象, 还有2万平方千米的土地有待探索。
5. What des the underlined wrd “Thse” in Paragraph 2 refer t? A. Jungles. 　　　　　B. Human-made features. C. Researchers. D. Aerial images.
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第二段“隐藏在玛雅生物圈保护区的丛林之下, 由帕格纳姆基金会(一个玛雅文化和自然遗产组织)领导的一些国际研究人员收集的航拍图像中发现了6万多处人类活动场所——房屋、运河、公路等。”可知, 代词thse指的是人造景观, 包括房屋、运河、公路等, 故Thse指Human-made features。故选B。
6. What des the authr want t cnvey in Paragraph 4? A. The wrking principle f LiDAR sensrs. B. The prcess f researching Maya civilizatin. C. Great imprtance f Guatemalans lwlands. D. LiDAR’s cntributin t discvering the relics.
【解析】选D。段落大意题。根据第四段“这一突破之所以成为可能, 是因为激光雷达传感器, 它可以通过无人机和其他设备发射的脉冲从地面反弹, 以3D方式测量地面……近年来, 这项技术的许多发现已成为现实。可知, 本段主要介绍了LiDAR技术在发现遗址方面起到的重大作用, 旨在突出这一技术的贡献和重要性。故选D。
7. Which wrds can best describe the lst Maya city? A. Small and hidden. B. Famus and high-tech. C. Vast and cmplex. D. Fully-explred and imaginative.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段“这个失落的城市包围着像蒂卡尔、霍尔木尔和威茨纳这样的地方, 但也表明这些著名的地区只是这个失落的城市网格的一小部分”, 第三段“但新的研究表明, 这个失落的社会的规模远远超出了专家的想象”; 以及最后一段“还有2万平方千米的土地有待探索, 将会有数百个城市, 神秘人在那里建立了我们不知道的城市网络。”可判断, 玛雅城是广袤的; 根据第二段中Thse have experts rethinking the utlines and cmplexity f the Maya Empire. 这些让专家们重新思考玛雅帝国的轮廓和复杂性。可判断出, 玛雅城是复杂的。因此, 玛雅城是广袤和复杂的。故选C。
8. What will the archelgists d next? A. Cntinue t explre the unknwn. B. Upgrade the LiDAR technlgy. C. Study the dcumentary carefully. D. Build a massive urban netwrk.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段“还有2万平方公里的土地有待探索, 将会有数百个城市; 神秘人在那里建立了我们不知道的城市网络, 我们将利用这一技术开拓新的领域。”由此判断出, 这些考古学家们将继续利用这一技术开拓新的领域, 探索未知的地方。故选A。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句(2021·太原高二检测)Different Cultures The cultures f the East and the West really distinguish themselves frm each ther a lt. 　1　.   The rigin f the Eastern culture is mainly frm tw cuntries: China and India. Bth f the tw cultures are develped by rivers — the Yellw River in China and the Indus River in India. 　2　 
When the tw mther rivers gave birth t the Eastern culture, anther famus culture was brught up n the Mesptamian plain(美索不达米亚平原)—the Mesptamian Civilizatin. This civilizatin later n develped int the cultures f Ancient Rme and Ancient Greek. 　3　 Like the Chinese culture, the Eurpean culture als crssed waters. When the British settled dwn in America, their culture went with them ver the Atlantic Ocean. S the American culture desn’t distinguish itself frm the Eurpean culture a lt.  
　4　 Take the language system fr example. In the East, mst languages belng t the pictgraphic language while the Western languages are mstly based n the Latin system. Other causes like human race differences cunt as well. But what’s mre, due t the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the West, the tw cultures seldm cmmunicate until recent centuries. S they grew up ttally in their wn ways with almst n interference(干预)frm the ther.  
The differences are everywhere. 　5　 But different cultures make the wrld in the 21st century mre varied. The cultural gap shuld nt be the bstacle t the civilizatin f human beings. It ught t be the mtivatin fr ur ging farther.  
A. Let us wrk tgether t keep a variety f cultures. B. One imprtant thing is t learn abut the ther’s culture. C. And these tw are well-knwn as the base f the Eurpean culture. D. This is because the culture systems are tw separate systems n the whle. E. They helped the tw cultures develp fr centuries and frm their wn styles. F. They are bvius and affect peple’s ways f thinking and their views f the wrld. G. At the same time, sme ther differences add t the cultural differences.
【文章大意】本文介绍了东西方文化的起源和发展, 以及它们之间的差异。
1. 【解析】选D。考查过渡句。上文说东西方文化真的有很大不同, D项说明了原因, 符合语境。故选D项。2. 【解析】选E。考查承上启下句。根据“Bth f the tw cultures are develped by rivers—the Yellw River in China and the Indus River in India”可知, 中国的母亲河是黄河, 而印度的母亲河则是印度河。E项与上句为承接关系, 其中They指代的是黄河和印度河。故选E项。
3. 【解析】选C。考查承上启下句。C项中的these tw与上文中提到的古罗马文化和古希腊文化相对应。故选C项。4. 【解析】选G。考查主旨句。空处为本段段首句。空后内容讲述的是东西方文化采用了不同的语言体系。这是两种文化的又一不同之处。综合选项可知, G项符合语境, 引出下文。5. 【解析】选F。考查承上启下句。根据上一句“The differences are everywhere”可知, 本句应进一步论述它们的影响。分析选项可知, F项符合语境。
完形填空(2021·乌鲁木齐高二检测)　　Nine 1700-year-ld brick tmbs have been discvered in nrthwest China’s Xinjiang. Experts say that they can　1　valuable clues fr the research f exchanges(交换; 交流) between the central Chinese gvernment at that time and　2　Western Regins.   It is the　3　time ancient tmbs with typical characteristics f China’s main Han natinality have been fund in the Uygur ethnic regin.  
　4　frm Beijing, Shanxi and Xinjiang cncluded that the tmbs were　5　between the middle and late third century and furth century.   The tmbs were unearthed during the　6　f a rad earlier this year in Kuqa cunty, 740 km frm Xinjiang’s capital Urumqi and part f the　7　Qiuci State. Qiuci State, which　8　between the secnd century BC and 860 AD, was ne f the 36 states in the Western Regins.   The tmbs wuld help archaelgists with research int the plitical, ecnmic and cultural　9　between the Central Plains gvernment and states in the west, and n the cultural　10　f the Central Plains n the Western Regins.  
Archaelgists frm the Xinjiang institute have dug nine tmbs since August 22, 　11　bdies f mre than 30 peple, sme ancient　12　and mre than 60 pttery(陶器) jars. It is thught there are anther three tmbs t be　13　.   The peple buried in the tmbs were　14　either peple frm the western regins deeply influenced by the Han culture r the Han residents(居民)in the 　15　.  
【文章大意】在中国西北部的新疆发现了9座1 700年历史的砖砌墓葬, 这些墓葬可以为研究当时的中央政府与遥远的西部地区的交往提供有价值的线索。
1. A. tell　　　　　　B. prvideC. shwD. represent【解析】选B。古墓的挖掘能为研究“提供”线索, 而不是“告知、展示、代表”线索。2. A. nearby　　B. middle　　C. faraway　　D. few【解析】选C。当时的中央政府the central Chinese gvernment 相对西部地区Western Regins从距离上看是faraway, 因为当时的交通等原因。
3. A. secndB. lastC. firstD. near【解析】选C。前文没有交代任何有类似的发现, 所以是the first。4. A. ScientistsB. PepleC. OfficialsD. Archaelgists【解析】选D。能对该发现做出总结的应该是“考古学家archaelgists”。
5. A. builtB. fundC. buriedD. studied【解析】选A。从后面的时间推断这里说的是古墓“建造”的时间。6. A. cnstructinB. destructinC. diggingD. repair【解析】选A。能发现古墓, 这地方应该是第一次被挖掘, 因此应该是“建路”时被挖掘。故选A。
7. A. ancientB. bigC. farD. near【解析】选A。根据后句句意: Qiuci State, 存在于公元前2世纪到公元860年期间, 是西部36州之一。来看, Quici State应该是古代才存在的地名。8. A. appearedB. disappearedC. liesD. existed【解析】选D。根据后面的时间状语, 以及ne f the 36 states来看, 这里是介绍Qiuci State的存在的时间。exist存在。
9. A. exchangesB. businessesC. develpmentD. studies【解析】选A。本文一开始已经说明该古墓的挖掘对研究中原和西方地区的交流(exchanges)有帮助。10. A. mdelB. atmsphereC. influenceD. change【解析】选C。根据后面n the Western Regins可知这里意思是“中原文化对西部地区的影响”。 固定搭配influence n sth. 。
11. A. findingB. destryingC. studyingD. prtecting【解析】选A。古墓被挖出来后, 自然是找到(find)一些尸体。12. A. paperB. silkC. fruitD. cins【解析】选D。一般古墓发现的都是钱币、陶器等不容易腐烂的东西, A、B和C三项都是不容易在墓里保存的。
13. A. mvedB. dugC. studiedD. picked【解析】选B。语境暗示法。前面说到“挖了”9座古墓了, 那么此处指人们认为是还要再挖3座。14. A. surelyB. prbablyC. certainlyD. nearly【解析】选B。后文用了either. . . r, 说明存在不确定性, 用prbably最合适。