中考定语从句专题复习

这是一份中考定语从句专题复习，共19页。PPT课件主要包含了定语从句的结构，定语从句，先行词，关系词，which ，whom ，whom等内容，欢迎下载使用。
关系代词引导的定语从句
定语从句是指在复合句中作定语的从句，定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句通常放在先行词的后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导。关系词引导定语从句, 指代先行词, 并在从句中作一定成分, 如作主语、宾语或状语等。用来引导定语从句的关系代词有that, which, wh, whm, whse。初中阶段重点学习that, wh和which引导的定语从句。
句子结构：主句（先行词）+ （关系词）定语从句
I like peple that are kind.
① 代替先行词② 连接主从句② 充当从句的成分
◆that引导的定语从句that引导定语从句时, 既可以指人, 也可以指物, 在从句中可以作主语或宾语。Mr. Fang is a persn that des what he says. (persn是先行词, that在从句中作主语)The phne that I bught yesterday is brken. (phne是先行词, that在从句中作宾语)
◆wh引导的定语从句 wh引导定语从句时只能指人, 在从句中可以作主语或宾语。 A friend wh helps yu when yu have truble is a real friend. (friend是先行词, wh在从句中作主语)   
whm也可以引导定语从句, 在从句中只能作宾语, 有时可以和wh互换, 但介词后只能用whm, 不能用wh。 He is the man wh / whm I have been lking fr. = He is the man fr whm I have been lking.
◆which引导的定语从句 which引导定语从句时, 只能指物, 在从句中可以作主语或宾语。I want t take away the bk which yu shwed me yesterday. (bk是先行词, which在从句中作宾语)
注意:◆在由that, wh和which引导的定语从句中, 当它们在从句中作主语时, 都不可以省略；作宾语时, 都可以省略。◆介词后面只能用which或whm, 不能用that或wh。
Ⅰ. 用that, wh, which或whm填空 Alice likes singers __________write their wn music. 2. Generally, ld peple like music ____________is quiet and gentle. 3. The girl _________________ yu met just nw in the street is my friend. 4. This is the schl in _______I studied tw years ag. 5. The man with ______ my father is talking ver there is ur head teacher.
that / which
that / wh / whm
II. 根据句意, 用正确的关系代词填空。He is the man __________ is ready t help thers. 2. The girl ________________ I spke t just nw is my friend. 3. The dress ___________ yu bught in the city mall is made f silk.4. Bill likes music ___________ he can sing alng with.
that / wh / whm
that / which
5. This is the village __________ I used t live in.6. Wmen always like buying many things _____________ they dn’t need at all. 7. I’m studying a subject ___________ I am very interested in.8. The girl with ________ I went shpping yesterday is my cusin.
注意:◆关系词只能用that的情况: He was the first persn that passed the exam. 1. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时, 只能用that,而不用which。
Is there anything that yu want t buy in the shp? 2. 被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, nne, the ne等不定代词时, 只能用that, 而不用which。 This is the same bike that I lst.3. 先行词被the nly, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which。
I can remember well the persns and sme pictures that I saw in the rm.4. 先行词里同时含有人或物时, 只能用that, 而不用which。 Wh is the girl that is crying? 5. 主句中已经含有疑问词wh或者which时, 为避免重复, 只能用that。 There is a bk n the desk that belngs t Tm.
二、只能用which作关系代词的情况。 1、关系代词前有介词时。 eg: This is the huse in which they live last year. 这是他们去年住过的房子。 2、先行词本身为that, thse时。 eg: What’s that which was put in the bx？ 放在盒子里的那个东西是什么啊？
三、当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词的单复数形式保持一致。 eg: He is a musician wh plays quiet sngs. 他是一个演奏安静音乐的人。
◆关系词只能用wh的情况: 1. 先行词是ne, nes, anyne时，适宜用wh。Dn't tell anyne abut the news wh shuldn't be tld. 2. 当thse作先行词指人时，只能用wh。Thse wh respect thers are ften respected by thers.
3. 当先行词有较长的后置定语时，宜用wh。I met a freigner in the street wh culd speak Chinese well.4. 有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已经使用了that，另一个宜用wh。The by that yu met last night is her byfriend wh can make kites.