选择性必修 第三册Unit 6 Nature in words练习

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A
Shark Keeper
Get clse and very persnal with the Aquarium's largest exhibit and its biggest predatrs(捕食性动物)with the new Shark Keeper prgram! After each participant prepares t feed the sharks and ther fishes in the 120，000­galln Lst City f Atlantis Exhibit，they will then get the nce­in­a­lifetime chance t feed ur sand tiger sharks! Participants will als experience a tur f ther behind­the­scenes animal care wrk areas and take hme a real­life shark tth.
Prgram Outline：
·Greeting frm the educatr
·Educatinal prgram：misunderstandings abut sharks，bilgy，pictures，shark tth cmparisns，animal verviews，what t expect during the experience.
·Behind­the­scenes fd preparatin
·Brief verviews f safety and plicies
·Feeding
Schedule：
Mndays，Thursdays and Saturdays
Sessin：3：40 pm
Length：60 minutes
Requirements：All participants must be 16 and ver.
Price：$50，plus admissin (Members：$45).Space is currently limited t three participants per scheduled sessin.
Hw t Bk：
Phne：6312089200
Online：When purchasing yur admissin ticket，please select the Shark Keeper add­n under the Aquatic Adventures sectin f the shpping cart.
Guests with Special Needs：
Lng Island Aquarium & Exhibitin Center makes every effrt t accmmdate guests with special needs.Please be aware that t participate in this prgram，guests must be able t navigate the animal habitat spaces with minimum assistance，and must be able t understand and take directin in English frm staff members.T ensure the best experience，please cntact the call center at 6312089200 t discuss yur individual needs.
Cancellatins(取消)：
There is a 72­hur cancellatin plicy.Any cancellatin made within 72 hurs will nt be refunded.N­shws will nt be refunded r rescheduled.Guests arriving late (after the required prgram check­in time)will nt be permitted t participate in the prgram and will nt be refunded r rescheduled.We encurage guests t arrive at the Aquarium with plenty f time t park，enter，and check int the prgram.Adventurers shuld reprt t the main entrance at least ten minutes ahead.The sessins will begin quickly at the scheduled time.Please plan accrdingly.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何参与一项喂养鲨鱼的活动。
1．After jining the prgram，yu will________．
A．feed sharks nce in a lifetime
B．get a real shark tth as a suvenir
C．meet the biggest predatrs f sharks
D．draw sme pictures f sharks
B [细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Participants will als experience a tur f ther behind­the­scenes animal care wrk areas and take hme a real­life shark tth.”可知，参与者能够得到一颗真实的鲨鱼牙齿作为纪念，故B项正确。]
2．As a guest with special needs，yu are expected t________．
A．make sure f yur individual needs
B．mve arund the center alne
C．fllw the directins f staff members
D．seek as much assistance as pssible
C [细节理解题。根据“Guests with special Needs：”部分中的“ must be able t understand and take directin in English frm staff members.”可知，作为有特殊需要的顾客，需要遵守工作人员的指示，故C项正确。]
3．If yu want t give up the prgram，yu'd better________．
A．reprt it t the center 10 minutes befre the sessin
B．manage yur plan again within 72 hurs
C．expect t refund frm the center
D．reprt it t the center 3 days in advance
D [细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“There is a 72­hur cancellatin plicy.”可知，最好提前三天报告，故D项正确。]
B
A wman was walking her dg alng a beach in New Zealand in late June when she saw smething that lked like a white ball in the sand.It turned ut t be a yung Emperr Penguin that was lst.At his age，he shuld have been clse t the Antarctic，swimming fr fish and playing n the ice fles(冰川).But this penguin started swimming nrth and just kept ging.
The penguin attracted a lt f attentin in New Zealand.It has been 40 years since an Emperr Penguin was last seen there.Researchers at the Department f Cnservatin were called in.They decided t watch the penguin clsely，but nt t disturb it in any way.Many New Zealanders came t Peka Peka Beach t lk at the elegant penguin.They were careful t keep their dgs away frm him s he wuldn't be frightened.
The public nicknamed the animal Happy Feet.Researchers started t ntice that Happy Feet didn't seem well.It turned ut that he had been eating the sand frm the beach，likely thinking it was snw.
The public raised mre than 11，000 punds fr an peratin t get the sand ut f his stmach.The peratin was a success，and Happy Feet was taken t a z in Wellingtn，NZ.A grup f experts met t decide hw t help Happy Feet return t the wild.
Last Sunday，they put him n a bat called the Tangara，in a specially built ice­filled bx and tk him ut int the Suthern Ocean，sutheast f New Zealand.There，they released him int the cean，which is his natural habitat.He tk ne last lk at his human helpers and then dived int the cean.
“Emperr Penguins spend their first five years at sea，”said Peter Simpsn f New Zealand's Department f Cnservatin.“What happens nw is up t the penguin.”
Happy Feet was fitted with a satellite transmitter(发射机)s they can mnitr his prgress using the Internet.S far，the trackers shw that he swam nrtheast fr a little while befre getting his bearings and heading suth.
【语篇解读】 新西兰的一位女士沿着海滩遛狗时发现了一只困在沙子中的帝企鹅。本文介绍了人们对这只企鹅的救助并将它放生回海洋的情况。
4．Where is the yung penguin suppsed t appear?
A．On the sunny beach.
B．Inside the hle in the ice.
C．Near the Antarctic.
D．In the depths f the cean.
C [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“At his age，he shuld have been clse t the Antarctic，swimming fr fish and playing n the ice fles(冰川).”可知，这只小企鹅本该出现在南极洲附近。故选C项。]
5．Hw was the penguin treated after he was fund in New Zealand?
A.He was prtected well and taken gd care f.
B．He was sent t the lcal z and attracted much attentin.
C．He was taken t the lab by researchers fr study.
D．He was disturbed by many curius New Zealanders.
A [推理判断题。根据第二段和第四段内容可知，这只企鹅被照顾和保护得很好。故选A项。]
6．The public cllected sme mney t________．
A．d sme research n the penguin
B．build a hme fr the penguin
C．get the sand ut f the penguin's belly
D．return the penguin t his habitat
C [细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The public raised mre than 11，000 punds fr an peratin t get the sand ut f his stmach.”可知答案。]
7．What happened t the penguin in the end accrding t the passage?
A．He was put in a specially built ice­filled bx n a bat.
B．He was brught t the Suthern Ocean and released.
C．He reached his hme—the Antarctic.
D．He swam nrtheast frm the Suthern Ocean.
D [细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“S far，the trackers shw that he swam nrtheast fr a little while befre getting his bearings and heading suth.”可知答案。]
C
Befre I studied psychlgy，I used t think that peple wuld laugh when funny things ccurred.While I was right abut that，I discvered there are lts f ther psychlgical factrs that make peple laugh ther than the funny part f a jke.When smene laughs at a jke，there will usually be mre than ne reasn that makes him laugh—and the mre reasns there are，the mre pwerful the jke will be.
I was attending a stand­up cmedy shw in Egypt，and when the man started t make fun f pedestrians crssing streets，everyne laughed their hearts ut.The main reasn thse peple strngly laughed was that almst all f them felt angry twards pedestrians wh crssed streets carelessly.The jke wasn't nly funny，it als made the audience feel that they were right abut being angry at thse pedestrians.That is，peple were laughing bth because f the funny jke and because f the happiness experienced as a result f the psychlgical supprt they gt.
The better a jke makes a persn feel，and the mre it includes ther psychlgical factrs，the mre the persn will like it.Fr example，if yu envy ne f yur friends，and smene tells a jke that is funny and，at the same time，makes yur friend seem stupid，then yu will prbably laugh at it luder than if yu weren't jealus f him.
In shrt，we dn't laugh nly when we hear smething funny；we als laugh when we experience sme kind f happiness that results frm the ther psychlgical factrs invlved in the jke.I strngly discurage making fun f anyne r belittling smene t make smene else laugh.All I want t explain is that if yur jke supprts a persn's emtins，he will certainly like it a lt.
【语篇解读】 本文属于议论文，主要介绍了人们对于笑话或某一事情发笑不仅仅是因为笑话或事情本身可笑，还有一些其他的心理因素。
8．What did the authr find ut after studying psychlgy?
A．Only gd jkes make peple laugh.
B．Many factrs lead t peple laughing.
C．Funny things can make peple laugh.
D．Laughter can make peple healthy.
B [细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知有许多因素导致人们发笑。故B正确。]
9．Why did the audience laugh lud at the pedestrians?
A．They played a trick n the pedestrians.
B．The pedestrians behaved in a funny way.
C．They culd feel the pedestrians' happiness.
D．Their emtin was apprved f by the shw.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“That is，peple were laughing bth because f the funny jke and because f the happiness experienced as a result f the psychlgical supprt they gt.”可知人们发笑是由于他们的情绪得到了支持。故D项正确。]
10．What des the underlined wrd“belittling”prbably mean?
A．Anny. B．Blame.
C．Lk dwn n. D．Make up t.
C [词义猜测题。根据r前面的“making fun f anyne(嘲笑他人)”可知，r前后连接的词义应相似，所以画线词的意思应为“瞧不起某人”。故C正确。]
11．What is the authr's attitude twards thse wh take pleasure in making fun f thers?
A．Defensive. B．Indifferent.
C．Negative. D．Casual.
C [观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“I strngly discurage making fun f anyne r belittling smene t make smene else laugh.”可知作者强烈反对以取笑别人为乐，故C正确。]
D
Rick Andersn says he isn't scared f sharks and he is appealing t thers t learn t lve them.
“I try t cnvince peple that lking at a shark eye t eye is ttally different t sitting n a surfbard r a bat lking at every shadw that ges underneath thinking it's a shark cming t get them，”he said.“Eye t eye they lk at yu，yu lk at them and yu g yur wn way.”
“I find that nce peple see their first sharks，their whle attitude changes.They realize that they are nt as scary as what they thught they were，”Mr Andersn said.He cmpares sharks t dgs，in the way they shw their behavir and attitude twards humans.“Yu're nt ging t g up t a dg that is arching(拱起)its back and making a lw sund in the thrat at yu，”he said.“If a shark is arching and its fins(鳍)are dwn，it's telling yu t mve n.”He admits he thught the shark was trying t attack him the first few times.
Mr Andersn is against the cntrversial plicy intrduced in Western Australia t kill a shark if it presents a threat t humans.He said many f the same things that ccur in Western Australia are als happening in New Suth Wales.
Mr Andersn said that sharks cme clser t shre because they are attracted t the smell f whale carcasses(尸体)which have brken dwn after being buried in the sand n many beaches.
Mr Andersn ften sees grey nurse sharks，fur seals，lepard seals，penguins and fishes f a range f clurs in the Pacific Ocean alng Bellingen Shire.“Depending n the time f the year，yu can get a gd mixture f sea creatures mving thrugh there，”he said.Tiger sharks are his favurite kind f sharks.He describes them as pig­headed but als graceful creatures.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，话题是动物类。对里克·安德森而言，鲨鱼不但不可怕，甚至还成了他在海中结交的好朋友。
12．What des Mr Andersn prbably d?
A．A batman. B．A diver.
C．A surfer. D．A fisherman.
B [推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，安德森先生可能是一名潜水员。]
13．What des Mr Andersn indicate by cmparing sharks t dgs?
A．Sharks have the same behavir as dgs.
B．Sharks are naturally friendly t human beings.
C．Sharks can be lvely creatures if prperly trained.
D．Sharks can send messages thrugh their behavir.
D [推理判断题。狗弓背并发出低沉的喉音说明你不能接近它，而鲨鱼弓背，垂鳍的时候说明你可以继续前进，这两种动物都能通过身体动作向人们传达某种信息。故选D。]
14．What mistake did Mr Andersn nce make?
A．He never lked at sharks eye t eye.
B．He nce saw sharks as a scary animal.
C．He misunderstd a shark's arching its back.
D．He didn't allw sharks t get clse t shres.
C [细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，安德森先生曾经误解了鲨鱼做出的“弓背，垂鳍”的动作，认为它是在试图攻击他。]
15．What d we knw abut the Pacific Ocean alng Bellingen Shire?
A．It's Mr Andersn's favrite place.
B．It's a ppular place fr turists.
C．It's pen in certain times f the year.
D．It's where Mr Andersn trains sharks.
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，在沿着Bellingen Shire的太平洋能看到很多种海洋生物，还有他最喜欢的虎鲨，所以可推断出沿着Bellingen Shire的太平洋是安德森先生最喜欢的地方。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
__16__Yu dn't shw yur secret persnality when yu're awake because yu can cntrl yur behavir，but when yu're asleep，yur sleeping psitin shws the real yu.__17__The imprtant psitin is the ne that yu g t sleep in.
If yu g t sleep n yur back，yu're a very pen persn.Yu nrmally trust peple and yu are easily influenced by fashin r new ideas.Yu dn't like t upset peple，s yu never express yur real feelings.__18__
If yu sleep n yur stmach，yu are a rather secretive persn.Yu wrry a lt and yu're always easily upset.Yu're very stubbrn，but yu aren't very ambitius.__19__This means that yu enjy having a gd time.
If yu sleep n yur side，yu have usually gt a well­balanced persnality.__20__Yu're usually careful.Yu have a cnfident persnality.Yu smetimes feel anxius，but yu dn't ften get depressed.Yu always say what yu think even if it annys peple.
A．Yu're quite shy and yu aren't very cnfident.
B．Yu knw yur strengths and weaknesses.
C．Everyne has gt tw persnalities—the ne that is shwn t the wrld and the ther that is secret and real.
D．Yu usually live fr tday nt fr tmrrw.
E．Maybe yu dn't want t make friends with a persn wh sleeps curled up.
F．In a nrmal night，f curse，peple frequently change their psitin.
G．Nrmally peple seldm change their sleeping psitin.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。每个人都有双重性格：一种是向世界展现的，另一个是秘密的且真实的。当你醒着的时候，你不会显示你的秘密人格，因为你可以控制你的行为，但是当你睡着了，你的睡姿可以显示出你真正的性格。
16．C [根据空后句“Yu dn't shw yur secret persnality when yu're awake because yu can cntrl yur behavir，but when yu're asleep，yur sleeping psitin shws the real yu.”并结合备选选项可知，选项C符合语境，故选C。]
17．F [根据下句话“The imprtant psitin is the ne that yu g t sleep in.”可知，晚上睡觉的时候，人们经常改变睡觉的姿态，重要的是你入睡后的那个姿势。故此处选项F符合语境，故选F。]
18．A [根据“Yu dn't like t upset peple，s yu never express yur real feelings.”可知，你不喜欢使别人不开心，所以你永远不会表达你的真实感受。从这句话可知你很害羞，并且不自信，选项A符合语境，故选A。]
19．D [根据下一句“This means that yu enjy having a gd time.”并结合备选选项可知，选项D“通常你为今天而不是明天而生活。”符合语境，故选D。]
20．B [根据上句话“If yu sleep n yur side，yu have usually gt a well­balanced persnality.”可知，如果侧着睡觉，你通常会有一个平衡的个性，与选项B“你知道你的优点和缺点”相对应，故选B。]
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
As my husband，Dug，std n the busy New Yrk city street trying t stp a taxi，I tried t prtect my daughter frm the cld December wind and rain.I put my head dwn t kiss her tiny face.
__21__and wet，my husband gave up his attempt t flag dwn a taxi.I knew the__22__．Just after her first birthday，we were tld ur daughter Katie has a__23__brain illness.Since that mment，Dug and I felt like runners in a marathn race where the finish line kept__24__.We knew Katie was running ut f time.It had taken mnths befre we finally had a name fr the__25__but we were tld nly a few f specialists in the wrld knew hw t__26__it.Nw，as we finally fund a brilliant dctr t__27__ ur girl，we were in a strange__28__in the cld rain.
Just at the mment，a middle­aged wman pulled ver and said，“Pardn me? May I ffer yu a ride？”Befre we culd say anything，she cntinued，“It's really n__29__fr me.Just get in.”It was then that I nticed her thick Irish accent，which__30__me up like ht sup.We simply said，“Thanks! Rsevelt Hspital，please，”as we gt in her car fr the ride.
“Are yu ging fr the baby？”she asked us.I ndded my head，hlding back my__31__．At the hspital，we__32__her a dzen times fr the ride.As the wman hugged me，I__33__ her face was wet with tears.She prmised t pray fr us befre she left.
After three mre visits t New Yrk and tw mre__34__peratins，Katie is cured.But the vice f the Irish Angel still rang as a cnstant reminder f a tiny ray f light that appeared in ur__35__days.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者和丈夫带着生病的女儿在雨中打车，一位“天使”的降临给了他们战胜困难的勇气。
21．A.Excited B．Frustrated
C．Wrried D．Satisfied
B [由于沮丧和下雨的天气，我丈夫放弃了想要拦下一辆出租车的尝试。故选B。]
22．A.feeling B．spirit
C．message D．sense
A [我知道他的那种感觉。故选A。]
23．A.simple B．rare
C．nrmal D．natural
B [就在她一岁生日之后，我们被告知我们的女儿凯蒂患有一种罕见的脑部疾病。根据下文“but we were tld nly a few f specialists in the wrld knew hw t________it”可知，选B。]
24．A.cming B．lwering
C．disappearing D．running
C [从那一刻起，道格和我就像跑马拉松的赛跑者一样，终点线一直在消失。故选C。]
25．A.race B．illness
C．dctr D．challenge
B [过了好几个月，我们才终于知道了这个病的名字，但我们被告知，世界上只有少数专家懂得如何治疗它。故选B。]
26．A.explain B．check
C．reach D．treat
D [参见上题解析。]
27．A.prtect B．meet
C．save D．encurage
C [此刻，当我们终于找到一位高明的医生来拯救我们的女儿时，我们却被困在一座陌生城市的冷雨中。故选C。]
28．A.cuntry B．hspital
C．twn D．city
D [参见上题解析。]
29．A.truble B．difference
C．questin D．lss
A [这对我来说真的没有什么麻烦。故选A。]
30．A.picked B．called
C．warmed D．wke
C [就在那时，我注意到她那浓重的爱尔兰口音，就像热汤一样温暖我。此处warm是动词，故选C。]
31．A.surprise B．anger
C．smile D．tears
D [我点头并忍住我的眼泪。故选D。]
32．A.thanked B．praised
C．respected D．accepted
A [在医院里，我们为她让我们坐车感谢了她十几次。故选A。]
33．A.guessed B．believed
C．understd D．nticed
D [当那个女人拥抱我的时候，我注意到她的脸上满是泪水。故选D。]
34．A.eye B．brain
C．kidney D．heart
B [在三次去纽约和两次脑部手术后，凯蒂的病被治愈了。故选B。]
35．A.busiest B．luckiest
C．darkest D．happiest
C [但是，那位爱尔兰天使的声音仍然不断地在我们耳边回响，那是我们最黑暗日子里的束微弱的光。故选C。]
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Litter is everywhere，ding great harm 36.________the envirnment and life n ur planet.Jeff Kirschner，wh wants t build a litter­free wrld，started a glbal cmmunity named Litterati 37.________(settle)this prblem.
The stry began with his 6­year­ld daughter.One day they were ging n a hike when the girl nticed a 38.________(break)plastic tub(浴盆)in a river.She said，“Daddy，that desn't g there.”That tk Kirschner by surprise.He，like many adults，had becme s used t the rubbish arund them that he hadn't given it a secnd daughter said reminded him f the serius prblem ur planet faces.
Jeff started t take 40.________(act).He created Litterati，an app that makes it fun t pick up litter.The idea is 41.________ (fair)simple：Spt a piece f trash，take a pht，pst the pht nline and then put the litter int dustbins.
42．________(see)that Jeff was keeping a recrd f the psitive impact he was having n the planet，peple wrldwide started participating.Up t nw，ver 2，500，000 phts psted by 3，500 peple frm ver 40 cuntries 43.________ (find)their way t Litterati's digital landfill.
Litterati is mre than an app.It is a highly 44.________ (effect)slutin t a pressing issue.Wherever yu live，whatever yu d and 45.________yu are，jin Litterati t make the wrld a cleaner and healthier place t live in.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在女儿的影响下Jeff Kirschner创办了一个名叫Litterati的app，鼓励人们清理垃圾保护环境。
36．t [考查固定搭配。动词短语d harm t意为“对……有害”，故填介词t。]
37．t settle [考查非谓语动词。句中不定式短语t settle this prblem在句中充当目的状语。故填t settle。]
38．brken [考查形容词。形容词brken意为“坏了的”，在句中充当定语，修饰plastic tub。故填brken。]
39．What [考查主语从句。句中what引导主语从句并在从句中充当动词said的宾语。所以填What。]
40．actin [考查词性转换。动词短语take actin意为“采取行动”，所以填act的名词形式actin。]
41．fairly [考查副词。句中应该使用副词充当状语修饰形容词simple。所以要填fairly。]
42．Seeing [考查非谓语动词。主句主语peple wrldwide与动词see构成主动关系，要用现在分词作状语。故填Seeing。]
43．have fund [考查时态。时间状语up t nw通常与现在完成时连用，所以要填have fund。]
44．effective [考查词性转换。形容词effective意为“有效的”，在句中充当定语修饰名词slutin。故填形容词effective。]
45．whever [考查让步状语从句。由空前的“Wherever yu live，whatever yu d”和“and”可知，此处应用whever引导让步状语从句与其构成并列关系，所以要填whever。]
Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tm 想在他的学校以“Chinese petry”为主题举办一系列活动，他写信向你求助，请给他回信，提供至少两条建议。
1．介绍中国诗的历史；
2．分享中国诗的不同形式。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tm，
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Yurs，
Li Hua
[参考范文]
Dear Tm，
I'm s glad t hear that yu are planning t hld activities abut Chinese petry.T make it mre meaningful and unfrgettable，here is sme advice.
T begin with，yu'd better intrduce the histry f Chinese petry which dates frm ancient times briefly.Then yu culd share different frms f pems with students.It's als recmmended that students write sme pems f their wn.
I hpe yu'll find these suggestins helpful and wish yu success!
Yurs，
Li Hua
Ⅵ.概要写作(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Rats eat ur fd r make it s dirty that it isn't fit fr peple at all.That's why peple ften kill them by laying dwn pisn.After a day r tw，they find the pisn still there.The rats haven't tuched it，even thugh it is near the fd which they eat.Peple think they must be clever and cunning.Sme scientists have been trying t find the best way t pisn rats.They have watched t see just what a rat des day and night.They have fund ut that rats aren't s clever.They are just very shy.
Rats usually live in hles.They run frm these hles t the places where they eat and drink.They have special paths n which they travel each time.S they knw their paths quite well.
If anything new，such as stne r wd，is put in the path，the rats wn't g near it at first as they are t frightened.It will take them many days t get ver the fear.They are als frightened t g near a place that they knw，where smething has been taken away.If a path ges arund a rck，the rats fllw the same path arund the rck each time.If the rck is taken away，they will still run rund the place where the rck was! They wn't crss the empty place，which is nw pen t them，even thugh it wuld be quicker.
Rats will always keep away frm anything unusual t them.That's why they wn't eat pisn n the first r secnd night.They usually wn't g anywhere near it fr abut fur days until they get used t being there.Even then they nly eat a little at a time.If peple want t kill rats with pisn，all they have t d is t leave it ut fr a few days.Once the rats have gt used t it，they will eat it and die.
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[参考范文]
It is generally cnsidered that rats are smart enugh nt t be pisned.That's nt true.Actually，they just refuse t accept new things.Rats are familiar with their particular paths.If any change takes place n their usual paths，they feel unsafe t use them.Generally speaking，it tk several days fr rats t adjust themselves t their new surrundings.Therefre，they wn't be pisned until they becme familiar with the change.