统考版2021届高考英语二轮复习备考提升指导与精练11阅读理解_词义猜测题含解析2021033113

阅读理解——词义猜测题

（2020·全国III卷，B）

When “Rise of the Planet of the Apes” was first shown to the public last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they weren’t there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes(猿)!”

The creative team behind “Apes”used motion-capture(动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that records an actor’s performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image(图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.

Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including “Water for Elephants”,“The Hangover Part Ⅱ” and “Zookeeper”, have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly.

In some cases, it’s not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it’s the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.

24. Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard?

A. To see famous film stars.

B. To oppose wearing fur coats.

C. To raise money for animal protection.

D. To express thanks to some filmmakers.

25. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?

A. The cost of making “Apes”.      B. The creation of digitalized apes.

C. The publicity about “Apes”.      D. The performance of real apes.

26. What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on” in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. Listing completely.        B. Directing professionally.

C. Promoting successfully.       D. Watching carefully.

27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors?

A. They may be badly treated.      B. They should take further training.

C. They could be traded illegally     D. They would lose popularity.

【答案】24-27 DBDA

【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了电影《猩球崛起》上个月首次与公众见面。动物爱好者聚集在好莱坞前，感谢电影制作者，在电影拍摄时，没有使用真的类人猿。现在的动物拍摄使用的是数字化人猿的创造技术，而一些电影的拍摄却存在着虐待动物的现象，这让一个非盈利的组织密切关注此事。但有些拍摄也是不能够被监测到的。

24.细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead, one activist,dressed in a full body monkey suit,had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers:“Thanks for not using real apes!””可知，相反，一名身穿全套猴服的活动人士来到现场，手里拿着一块称赞电影制作人的牌子:感谢你们不用真正的猿猴。所以动物保护者聚集在好莱坞大道是为了向电影制作者表示感谢。故选D项。

25.主旨大意题。根据第二段可知，“人猿”背后的创作团队利用动作捕捉技术创造数字化的动物，在记录演员表演的技术上，花费了数千万美元，然后用电脑图形处理，从而形成最终的影像。由此可知，第二段主要是关于数字化人猿的创造。故选B项。

26.词句猜测题。根据第三段划线前的句子“One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment”（一家监控动物待遇的非营利组织）以及下文提到许多电影，包括《大象的眼泪》，《宿醉Ⅱ》，和《管理员》，引起了动物保护人士的愤怒，他们说影片中的动物没有被很好的对待。）可判断出，划线词的意思是“密切关注”。故选D项。

27.推理判断题。根据最后一段（在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是电影棚里对动物的待遇，让人担忧的是训练和生活条件。还有一些关于在美国以外国家和地区拍摄的电影的问题，这些电影有时不像在美国拍摄的电影那样受到严密的监控。）可知，在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是工作室里动物的待遇，令人担忧的是动物的训练和生活条件。由此判断出动物演员可能受到虐待。故选A项。

（2020·江苏卷，C）

For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.

Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.

To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the men’s fitness and resting metabolic(新陈代谢的) rates and took samples(样品) of their blood and fat tissue.

Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists’ lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast(禁食). On the other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.

Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men’s blood and fat tissue.

Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories(卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.

But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found. Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins(蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin(胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.

The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.

61. The underlined expression “stomach it” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “______”.

A. digest the meal easily      B. manage without breakfast

C. decide wisely what to eat     D. eat whatever is offered

62. Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment?

A. Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.

B. Their lack of exercise led to overweight.

C. They could walk at an average speed.

D. They had slow metabolic rates.

63. What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise?

A. They successfully lost weight.    B. They consumed a bit more calories.

C. They burned more fat on average.    D. They displayed higher insulin levels.

64. What could be learned from the research?

A. A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.

B. Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.

C. Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.

D. Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.

【答案】61-64 BABD

【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，结果表明对于那些能忍受的人来说，不吃早餐锻炼可能对健康更有益。

61.词句猜测题。根据后面“working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first”可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人，因此推断划线词与B项（不吃早饭能应付）意思相近。故选B。

62.细节理解题。根据第三段的“They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are far better and worse, representative of those of most of us.”可知，他们首先找到了10个超重的，健身不活跃但身体健康的年轻人，他们的生活方式不论好坏，代表了我们大多数人。因此可知，实验时选择的10个人的生活方式代表了普通人。故选A。

63.细节理解题。根据第六段的“As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories, on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.”（结果，他们空腹散步时燃烧的脂肪比他们首先吃东西时所燃烧的脂肪要多。另一方面，平均而言，他们在早餐后锻炼时燃烧的卡路里略多于禁食后。）可知，锻炼前吃早饭消耗更多一点的热量。故选B。

64.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，这些结果暗示，为了从运动中获得最大的健康益处，先不吃东西可能更明智。因此推断早饭前的体育锻炼对健康更有益。故选D。

（2020·全国II卷，D）

I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties. I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.

My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old. It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.

As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.

I always read, using different voices, as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it! It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.

Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on from generation to generation.

As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.

32. Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a child?

A. Cooperative.   B. Uneasy.   C. Inseparable.   D. Casual.

33. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A. Pleasure from working in the library.

B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.

C. Wonderment from acting out the stories.

D. A closer bond developed with the readers.

34. What does the author call on other writers to do?

A. Sponsor book fairs.      B. Write for social media.

C. Support libraries.       D. Purchase her novels.

35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Reading: A Source of Knowledge

B. My Idea about Writing

C. Library: A Haven for the Young

D. My Love of the Library

【答案】32-35 CBCD

【解析】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了作者作为孩子，母亲和作家等不同身份时，表达出来的对书籍及图书馆的热爱。

32.推理判断题。根据题干中的as a child，定位到第一段中的“I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties.”，可知书本与童年时期的作者关系紧密，无法分割，故选C。

33.词义猜测题。根据题干定位到第三段，“伴随着年龄的增长，我成了一位母亲，图书馆对我来说成了一个全新的地方，并且有了附加的意义。我有了几个孩子，书本成了我们娱乐的源泉。”可知这个意义是与家庭和快乐有关的，故选B。

34.细节理解题。根据题干中的call on定位到最后一段“I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library.”可知作者认为所有的作家应该用一种独特的方式来支持图书馆，故选C。

35.标题归纳题。根据首尾两段，作者从始至终对书籍及图书馆都充满了爱意，故答案选D。

（2019·江苏卷，B）

In the 1960s, while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park, Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that, oddly, had not troubled anyone before:he couldn’t find the park’s volcano. It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature — that’s what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. But Christiansen couldn’t find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.

Most of us, when we talk about volcanoes, think of the classic cone(圆锥体)shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro, which are created when erupting magma(岩浆)piles up. These can form remarkably quickly. In 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more thanhalf a mile across. Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth, all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is, however, a second less known type of volcano that doesn’t involve mountain building. These are such explosive volcanoes that they burst open in a single big crack, leaving behind a vast hole, the caldera. Yellowstone obviously was of this second type, but Christiansen couldn’t find the caldera anywhere.

Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors’ centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the photos, he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera; almost the whole park—2.2 million acres—was caldera. The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across—much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.

58. What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone?

A. Its complicated geographical features.

B. Its ever-lasting influence on tourism.

C. The mysterious history of the park.

D. The exact location of the volcano.

59. What does the second-paragraph mainly talk about？

A. The shapes of volcanoes.       B. The impacts of volcanoes.

C. The activities of volcanoes.       D. The heights of volcanoes.

60. What does the underlined word “blow-up” in the last paragraph most probably mean?

A. Hot-air balloon.         B. Digital camera.

C. Big photograph.         D. Bird’s view.

【答案】58-60 DAC

【解析】本文为记叙文。讲述了二十世纪六十年代Bob Christiansen在研究黄石公园的火山历史时，奇怪地发现到处看不到火山的影子，原来，这儿的火山并不是像我们大部分人想象的那种圆锥体形状的高耸的样子，而是一个巨大的洞，这个洞太大了以至于从地面上的任何地方都看不见。

58.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“But Christiansen couldn’t find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.”可知，他困惑的是到处看不到火山。故选D。

59.主旨大意题。本段讲述了两种形状的火山，一种是通常人们所理解的由火山岩浆堆积形成的圆锥体，还有一种是极具爆发力的火山，它们会在一个大裂缝中爆裂，留下一个巨大的洞，故选A。

60.词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句可知，美国国家航空和宇宙航行局为测试一批新的高海拔照相机而拍摄了黄石公园的照片。一位深思熟虑的官员把其中的一些照片副本转交给了公园管理部门，认为他们可能会将其放大专供一个游客中心进行展示。故可知，此处意为将照片放大，选C。

Passage1

Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.

Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.

At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000, Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6.000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.

Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡)，with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia(one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.

1. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?

A. They developed very fast.    B. They were large in number.

C. They had similar patters.     D. They were closely connected

2. Which of the following best explains “dominant” nderlined in paragraph 2?

A. complex.   B. advanced.   C. powerful.   D. modern.

3. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?

A. About 6,800.  B. About 3,400  C. About 2,400  D. About 1,200.

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A. New languages will be created.

B. Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.

C. Human development results in fewer languages.

D. Geography determines language evolution.

【答案】1-4 BCBC

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着社会的发展人类语言越来越少及其原因。

1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.”可知当世界上的人口数量不到一千万时，语言种类达到了12000种。由此推知，当时的语言种类很多。故选B。

2.词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中的“dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over”可知，英语、西班牙语和汉语正在快速替代其他语言。由此推知dominant languages意为占统治地位的语言或主流语言，即powerful。故选C。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“At present, the world has about 6,800 languages.和The median number of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.”可知，目前世界上大约有6800种语言，但是说的人数少于6000人的占一半即3400。故选B。

4.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的主题句“Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.”可知，语言的产生和消失进行了几千年，但最近语言产生的少，消失的太多。故选C。

Passage2

My brother-in-law opened the bottom drawer of my sister’s bureau(衣橱)and picked out a wonderful skirt. “Jan bought this the first time we went to New York, at least eight or nine years ago. She never wore it. She was saving it for a special occasion.” Well, I guess this is the occasion.

He took the skirt from me and put it on the bed. His hands touched the soft material for a moment, and then he shut the drawer and turned to me, “Don’t ever save anything for a special occasion. Every day you’re alive is a special occasion.”

I’m still thinking about his words, and they’ve changed my attitude to life. I’m spending more time with my family and friends and less time on committee meetings. Whenever possible, life should be a pattern of experience to enjoy, not suffer. I’m trying to recognize these moments now and treasure them.

“Some day” and “one of these days” are being lost from my vocabulary. If it’s worth seeing or hearing or doing, I want to see and hear and do it now. I’m not sure what my sister would have done if she had known she wouldn’t have tomorrow.

I think she would have called family members and a few close friends. She might have called a few former friends to apologize and mend her fences for past things. I think she would have gone out for a Chinese dinner, her favorite food.

If I knew that my hours were limited, those little things left undone would make me angry. Angry because I put off seeing good friends whom I was going to get in touch with some day. Angry and sorry because I didn’t tell my husband and daughter often enough how much I truly love them.

I’m trying very hard not to put off, hold back, or save anything that would add laughter to our lives. And every morning when I open my eyes, I tell myself that every day, every minute, every breath truly…, is a gift worth cherishing.

5. What kind of person do you think Jan is?

A. Mean and conservative.      B. Active and confident.

C. Economical and introvert(内向).    D. Indifferent and distant.

6. Which of the following is not the writer’s attitude to life?

A. Spending more time staying with the family.

B. Enjoying life and valuing every day.

C. Attending social activities as often as possible.

D. Trying to get along well with friends.

7. Which of the following can best explain the underlined expression “mend her fences for past”?

A. Break her word.       B. Try to be friendly again with someone.

C. Give up her point of view.     D. Keep her promise.

8. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. People are advised to treasure every day and the meaning of life.

B. People are encouraged to be hard on themselves for a bright life.

C. People are told to get rid of being angry and sorry in life.

D. People are persuaded to care for themselves more than others.

【答案】5-8 CCBA

【解析】本文为记叙文。作者通过自己姐姐的故事告诉我们，我们生活的每一天，每一分钟都应该珍惜，珍惜和家人、朋友相聚的每一分钟，去热爱生活、爱周围的一切，因为这所有的都是上帝对我们的馈赠。

5.细节理解题。根据第一段中““Jan bought this the first time we went to New York, at least eight or nine years ago. She never wore it. She was saving it for a special occasion.””即这是我们第一次去纽约时简买的，至少是八、九年前的事了。她从没穿过它。她把它留到一个特殊的场合可知，简是一个节俭的人；再根据第五段中的“I think she would have called family members and a few close friends. She might have called a few former friends to apologize and mend her fences for past things.”即我想她会给家人和几个亲密的朋友打电话，也可能会给几个以前的朋友打电话，为过去的事情道歉，修补关系可推知，简是一个性格内向的人。故C选项正确。

6.细节理解题。根据第三段中“I’m spending more time with my family and friends and less time in committee meetings. Whenever possible, life should be a pattern of experience to enjoy, not suffer. I’m trying to recognize these moments now and treasure them.”即“我”正花费更多的时间和我的家人朋友在一起，而去减少参加会议的时间。生活应是我们对每一次经历的享受。要去记住和珍惜这所有的时刻可知，C项（尽可能多地参加社会活动）明显与原文不符。故C选项正确。

7.词义猜测题。划线词所在句意：她可能还会给几位昔日朋友打电话主动道歉，摒弃前嫌，重归于好。B项（试着再次和别人友好相处）最符合句意。故B选项正确。

8.推理判断题。本文作者通过讲述自己姐姐的故事，告诫我们每一天都是重要的，不要把希望寄托到明天，要不断地从每一天中找到生活的真谛。故A选项正确。

Passage3

The mass death of flying foxes in extreme heat in North Queensland last month underlines the importance of University of Queensland wildlife research released today. The UQ research sheds light on how various species have responded to major climate events.

A study led by UQ School of Earth and Environmental Science researcher Dr Sean Maxwell has spent more than 70 years quantifying the responses of various species.

“The growing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as cyclones, droughts and floods is causing unpredictable and immediate changes to ecosystems and blocking existing management efforts,” Dr Maxwell said.“Some of the negative responses we found were quite concerning, including more than 100 cases of dramatic population declines and 31 cases of local population extinction following an extreme event.”

“Populations of critically endangered bird species in Hawaii, such as the palia, have been annihilated due to drought, leaving none of its kind, and populations of lizard species have been wiped out due to cyclones in the Bahamas.”

Cyclones were the most common extreme event for birds, fish, plants and reptiles, while mammals and amphibians were most responsive to drought events, with drought leading to 12 cases of major population decline in mammals. Drought also led to 13 cases of breeding declines in bird populations and 12 cases of changes in the composition of invertebrate communities.

UQ Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science director Professor James Watson said the detailed information would help inform ecosystem management.

“The research clearly shows species will respond, often negatively, to extreme events,” Professor Watson said.“As climate change continues to ensure extreme climate and weather events are more and more common, we now need to act to ensure species have the best chance to survive. Wherever possible, high quality and intact habitat areas should be retained, as these are the places where species are most resilient(易恢复的) to increasing exposure to extreme events.”

9. How was the UQ research conducted?

A. By observing extreme weather events.

B. By protecting the endangered species.

C. By recording reactions of animals to extreme climate.

D. By analyzing the reason why mass animal death happened.

10. What does the underlined word “annihilated” in paragraph 4 probably mean?

A. destroyed.   B. defeated.   C. decreased.   D. disappeared.

11. Which of the following sentences is true about extreme weather events?

A. Drought caused 13 cases of distinction in bird populations.

B. Drought caused 12 cases of population decline in mammals.

C. Birds and mammals are most responsive to cyclones.

D. Cyclones wiped out populations of lizard.

【答案】9-11 CDB

【解析】本文为说明文。澳大利亚昆士兰地球与环境科学学院的研究员肖恩•麦克斯韦博士领导了一项研究，该研究用了70多年的时间来记录和量化不同物种对重大气候事件的反应。昆士兰大学今天公布了这份关于野生动物研究的报告。

9.推理判断题。根据第二段说到英国昆士兰大学地球与环境科学学院的研究员肖恩·麦克斯韦博士领导了一项研究，该研究用了70多年的时间来量化不同物种的反应可推知，英国昆士兰大学通过记录动物对极端气候的反应进行了这项研究。故C选项正确。

10.词义猜测题。根据第四段中划线词所在句中的leaving none of its kind（一只也不留下）可知，划线词意为“灭绝的”。A. destroyed：遭破坏的；B. defeated：击败的；C. decreased：减少的；D. disappeared：消失的。故D选项正确。

11.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“while mammals and amphibians were most responsive to drought events, with drought leading to 12 cases of major population decline in mammals.”可知，哺乳动物和两栖动物对干旱气候最敏感，干旱导致12例哺乳动物的主要种群数量下降。故B选项正确。

Passage4

Whether you admit it or not, people’s love for Christmas Jumper(毛衣) around Christmas has increased over recent years. And while you may be less willing to get involved in the Christmas jumper trend, Christmas Jumper Day now enables you to do more with your jumper than build up sweat in an incredibly warm office.

The origin of the Christmas jumper can date back to the late 19th century in the USA. Americans in the 1930s knitted(编织) for Christmas to create an item of clothing to keep them “warm” during the Great Depression when people led a poor and miserable life. They copied the jumpers they saw their favorite stars wearing on the big screen. From the 1950s, it was common to see American families wearing festive jumpers as they sat down to eat their Christmas dinner.

Now, alongside wearing a festive jumper for the fun of it, there are other positive outcomes. Christmas Jumper Day has been set up to stimulate people to make the world better and raise funds for Save the Children by wearing a Christmas jumper and making a minimum donation of￡1. Ladbrokes, a company in the UK, is running a competition in which all you have to do is to take a selfie(自拍) outside of one of their shops while wearing a jumper—the winner will win a good prize and for every submission. Ladbrokes will donate￡5 to St. Luke’s Hospice charity. For you, it’s a win-win situation.

If you’re still unconvinced that it’s about time you bought yourself a Christmas jumper, then maybe the fact that Taylor Swift, Justin Bieber and Snoop Dogg have all been spotted wearing Christmas jumpers will raise your enthusiasm. Retailer(零售商) such as Topshop, Burberry and H&M have also become devoted to Christmas Jumper Day and have their very own types of Christmas jumpers.

12. Which statement is true according to paragraph 1?

A. Wearing Christmas jumpers in the office has been a trend.

B. Wearing Christmas jumpers can make you incredibly warm.

C. Christmas jumpers have gained huge popularity.

D. Christmas jumpers serve many functions.

13. For what reason did Americans in the 1930s make Christmas jumpers?

A. To protect them from cold weather.   B. To lift their spirits.

C. To follow the stars.       D. To form a tradition.

14. The underlined word “stimulate” in paragraph 3 can be replaced by _________.

A. demand    B. advise    C. encourage    D. persuade

15. Why does the author mention Taylor Swift, Justin Bieber and Snoop Dogg?

A. To ask people to donate Christmas jumpers.

B. To show the importance of Christmas Jumper Day.

C. To prove Christmas jumpers are popular among stars.

D. To persuade readers to buy a Christmas jumper.

【答案】12-15 CBCD

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一年一度的圣诞毛衣日（Christmas Jumper Day），19世纪晚期就流行起圣诞节前穿圣诞毛衣的传统。但现在这个传统被延伸为一年一度的慈善活动，人们穿上充满圣诞气息的毛衣，为孩童们募款。

12.细节理解题。根据第一段第一句（无论你承认与否，人们对于圣诞毛衣节的喜爱近年来与日俱增）可知圣诞毛衣节越来越受欢迎。故选C。

13.推理判断题。根据第二段“Americans in the 1930s knittedfor Christmas to create an item of clothing to keep them “warm” during the Great Depression when people led a poor and miserable life.”可知二十世纪三十年代人们编织毛衣是为了让自己在美国经济大萧条时期保持热情。选项B（提高士气，振奋精神）符合。故选B。

14.词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句可知设立圣诞毛衣日是为了鼓励人们让这个世界变得更好，并为Save the Children筹集资金。stimulate意为鼓励，激励。故选C。

15.推理判断题。最后一段第一句：如果你还不确定该给自己买个圣诞毛衣的话，或许Taylor Swift，Justin Bieber和Snoop Dogg也已经穿上了圣诞毛衣这个事实应该会激发你的购买热情。由此判断出作者提到Taylor Swift，Justin Bieber和Snoop Dogg这些名人是为了劝说读者购买圣诞毛衣。故选D。