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四川省攀枝花市2021届高三第二次统一考试 英语（含答案）
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这是一份四川省攀枝花市2021届高三第二次统一考试 英语（含答案），共26页。
攀枝花市2021届高三第二次统一考试
英语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15 B. £9. 15 C. £9. 18
答案是B。
1. When will the woman get to the man’s party?
A. At about 6:30. B. At about 7:00. C. At about 7:30.
2. What is the woman going to do next?
A. Get some exercise. B. Go out for coffee. C. Work with the man.
3. Where is the supermarket?
A. Next to a gift shop. B. Beside a post office. C. On the right of a cinema.
4. Why did the woman call her friends?
A. To wake them up.
B To get help from them.
C. To inform them of a meeting.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A flight. B. A holiday. C. The weather.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did Ella do in the girl’s class?
A. She taught science lessons. B. She did experiments. C. She gave a speech.
7. What is the woman’s opinion about Ella?
A. Helpful. B. Famous. C. Interesting.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where is the man working now?
A. In a hospital. B. In a school. C. In a company.
9. How does the woman feel about the result?
A. Pleased. B. Surprised. C. Disappointed.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the woman check first?
A If Flight 712 takes off on time.
B. If there are seats available on Flight 712.
C. If there is a flight to Alabama on Friday.
11. How long does it take to get toAlabama?
A. 1. 5 hours. B. 2 hours. C. 2. 5 hours.
12. What does the man want?
A. Around-trip ticket. B. A window seat. C. A first-class air travel.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why is the man talking with the woman?
A. To encourage her to do more sports.
B. To share interests and hobbies with her.
C. To try to persuade her to choose a club.
14. Which society’s president is Lisa?
A. The International Society’s.
B. The Literature Society’s.
C. The French Society’s.
15. What club is the man going to join?
A. The climbing club. B. The chess club. C. The sailing club.
16. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Join a volleyball club B. Try adventure sports. C. Take the French course.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What are Mr. Goodman’s works especially focusing on?
A. The city of London. B. Ancient Romans. C. Recycled materials.
18. What do we know about Mr. Goodman’s works in this exhibition?
A. They can be seen for free.
B. They were discovered 2000 years ago.
C. They are Mr. Goodman’s original creations.
19. When will Mr. Goodman discuss his works?
A On May 2nd. B. On May 6th. C. On May 9th.
20. What is the best way to get more information about the exhibition?
A Asking the man. B. Going on the Internet. C. Telephoning 79460609.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
STUDYTRIP:
EXPLORATION OF FRENCH SOCIETY
Bonjour!
Program Structure:
Dates: June 4 4 – – July 4 4, 9 2019 (Subject to change)
2 weeks in Bordeaux
French Courses: primary or intermediate level
Cultural activities: a wine tasting course; a French cooking class
Weekend activities: visits to Arcachon & Dordogne
1 week in Paris
Cultural and historical visits to various world-famous museums
Musée du louvre, Musée d’Orsay, the Pompidou center, Cathedrale
Notre-Dame de Paris & the Chateau de Versailles…
Partnering Institute: Alliance Francaise Bordeaux
Pre-trip preparations（Mar. —— Jun.）: Attend all briefings & Group presentation on a given topic
Post-trip assignment: Individual reflective & Photo album
Target Students:
●have knowledge in French
●show interest in French culture
●have GPA 2.5 or above
●be self-motivated in cultural exploration
●be a good team member
●be in year 3 or above (If admitted in 2017/2018 and onwards)
Cost (subsidy: HK $10,000 — HK $12,000)
HK $28, 000 (Full fee) (including tuition, round-trip air ticket, accommodation and local transportation expenses, but excluding meals and expenses during free time)
Plus Deposit: HK $3,000 (refund upon full attendance of all scheduled briefings & activities and submission of quality post-trip assignments)
(Remarks: Students who meet the requirements may apply for extra financial support from the College Scholarships Awards and Financial-aid Committee or the HKSAR Reaching Out Award)
Important Dates:
Feb 2 Deadline for applications
Feb 9-13 Selection interviews
Feb 27 Announcement of application results
March — June Pre-trip briefing sessions
Remarks:
●Past participants are NOT allowed to apply
●NO early departure or staying behind is allowed
Enquiry: 39436994/tammy chow @ cuhk. edu. HK
1. What activities can students join in the program?
A. They can learn to make wine on their own.
B. They can have French courses at college level.
C. They can visit Arcachon & Dordogne at weekdays.
D. They can visit some world-known museums in Paris.
2. If anyone wants to apply for the program, he / she needs to ________.
A. have GPA 3 or above B. have a good command of English
C. get along well with team members D. show interest in outdoor exploration
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The College Scholarships Awards may offer financial support.
B. It’ll cost an applicant at most HK $28,000 for the study trip.
C. Applicants can apply for staying behind after the study trip.
D. Feb 27 will be the deadline for applications.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章是香港中文大学暑期法国学习项目招生广告，学习时间为3周，地点在巴黎及波尔多。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章表格中1 week in Paris后的“Cultural and historical visits to various world-famous museums(参观世界著名的文化和历史博物馆)”和“Musée du louvre, Musée d’Orsay, the Pompidou center, Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Paris & the Chateau de Versailles…(卢浮宫，奥赛博物馆，蓬皮杜中心，大教堂巴黎圣母院和凡尔赛宫……)”可知，学生可以参观巴黎的一些世界闻名的博物馆。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Target Students:中的“●be a good team member (●成为一个优秀的团队成员)”可知，如果任何人想要申请这个项目，他/她需要与团队成员相处得很好。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Cost中的“(Remarks: Students who meet the requirements may apply for extra financial support from the College Scholarships Awards and Financial-aid Committee or the HKSAR Reaching Out Award (备注:符合条件的学生可向学院奖学金及财政资助委员会或香港特别行政区外展奖学金申请额外资助)”可知，学院奖学金可以提供经济支持。故选A。
B
Sleep, considered a luxury by many, is essential for a person’s health and happiness. Researchers have found that inadequate sleep and tiredness increase a person’s risk of developing severe medical conditions, such as obesity, high blood sugar levels, and heart disease. Now, a new study has found that getting enough sleep is also the key to improving academic performance.
Jeffrey Gross, the university science professor who led the research, was not trying to find the relationship between sleep and grades when he handed out smart watches to the 100 students in his chemistry class. Instead, the professor hoped the wrist-worn devices (装置), which track a person’s physical activity, would show a connection between exercise and academic achievement.
While Gross’s data showed no relationship between these two factors (因素), the study found something surprising. As the researchers were analyzing their data, they noticed that there was a straight-line relationship between the average amount of sleep a student got and their results in the course’s 11 quizzes, three midterm tests, and the final exam.
Even more interesting, it was not enough for students to just head to bed early the night before a test. Instead, it’s the sleep you get during the days when learning is happening that matters most.
The time students went to bed each night was similarly important. Those who went to bed in early hours of the morning performed poorly, even if the total sleep time was the same as a higher- performing student. “When you go to bed matters,” Gross says, “If you go to bed at 10, or 12, or 1 at night, and sleep for seven hours, your performance is the same. But if you go to bed after 2, your performance starts to go down even if you get the same seven hours. So, quantity isn’t everything. ”
Perhaps the most interesting was the huge effect that small differences in sleep patterns had on the students’ grades. The entire course grades for students averaging six and a half hours of sleep each night were 25% lower than students who averaged just one hour more sleep. Similarly, students who changed their bedtime by even one hour each night had grades that dropped 45% below those with more regular bedtimes.
Who knew getting A’s just required some extra ZZZ’s?
4. Based on his original goals, which best describes Professor Gross’s research findings?
A. Complete. B. Accidental.
C. Convincing. D. Doubtful.
5. Who were the people taking part in the study?
A. University student athletes. B. Professor Gross’s own students.
C. Middle school chemistry students. D. Volunteers from different universities.
6. How did Professor Gross’s team measure academic performance?
A. Making the students wear a special watch.
B. Giving the students regular after-class quizzes.
C. Using students’ university entrance test results.
D. Using the students’ normal test and quiz grades.
7. Based on the study’s findings, who is likely to perform best academically?
A. A person who sleeps for a total of 7 hours each night.
B. A person who sleeps from 11 p. m. to 6 a. m. each day.
C. A person whose normal bedtime changes between 9 p. m. and 12 p. m.
D. A person who has a good night’s sleep the night before an important test.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明，睡眠不足除了对身体健康造成不良影响之外，也会对学习成绩产生影响。好的睡眠是提高学习成绩的关键。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“While Gross’s data showed no relationship between these two factors (因素), the study found something surprising. As the researchers were analyzing their data, they noticed that there was a straight-line relationship between the average amount of sleep a student got and their results in the course’s 11 quizzes, three midterm tests, and the final exam. ”（虽然格罗斯的数据显示这两个因素之间没有关系，但这项研究发现了一些令人惊讶的东西。在研究人员分析数据时，他们注意到，学生的平均睡眠时间与他们在这门课的11次测验、3次期中考试和期末考试中的成绩之间存在直线关系。）可知，基于他最初的目标，格罗斯教授的研究发现是“偶然的”。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Jeffrey Gross, the university science professor who led the research, was not trying to find the relationship between sleep and grades when he handed out smart watches to the 100 students in his chemistry class.”（领导这项研究的大学科学教授杰弗里•格罗斯(Jeffrey Gross)在给化学课上的100名学生分发智能手表时，并不是为了寻找睡眠和成绩之间的关系。）可知，参与研究的人是他自己的学生。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“As the researchers were analyzing their data, they noticed that there was a straight-line relationship between the average amount of sleep a student got and their results in the course’s 11 quizzes, three midterm tests, and the final exam. ”（在研究人员分析数据时，他们注意到，学生的平均睡眠时间与他们在这门课的11次测验、3次期中考试和期末考试中的成绩之间存在直线关系。）可知，格罗斯教授的团队是使用学生的正常测试和测验成绩来衡量学业表现的。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“The time students went to bed each night was similarly important. Those who went to bed in early hours of the morning performed poorly, even if the total sleep time was the same as a higher- performing student. “When you go to bed matters,” Gross says, “If you go to bed at 10, or 12, or 1 at night, and sleep for seven hours, your performance is the same.””（学生每晚睡觉的时间同样重要。那些在清晨上床睡觉的学生表现很差，即使他们的总睡眠时间与表现较好的学生相同。”“你上床睡觉的时候很重要，”格罗斯说，“如果你晚上10点、12点或1点上床，睡7个小时，你的表现是一样的。”）可知，根据这项研究的发现，睡得较早，且时间足够的学生表现好。结合选项推知，每天从晚上11点睡到早上6点的人可能在学业上表现最好。故选B。
C
Two deer jumped out in front of 16-year-old Amanda Floyd’s car. She stepped on the brake, stopping the car just in time. But later, she started texting. Distracted, Amanda turned left and right, then crashed into another car. Luckily, she wasn’t in a real car — she was in a driving simulator at Roosevelt High School, Ohio, US. “I never really realized that cars make a turn that much,” Amanda, a junior, said. She added that she wouldn’t text while driving anymore.
The Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) and State Highway Patrol brought the simulator to the school. They said they wanted to help students learn about the danger of driving while drunk, while texting, or while talking on the phone.
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, distracted driving claimed 3,450 1ives in 2016 alone. Experts believe the actual figure is probably higher.
The simulator is basically a computer program. Like many computer games, it was a hit with the students. They lined up and crowded around to watch each other take turns. The simulator has a steering wheel (方向盘) , brake and gas pedal . It is made up of three large computer screens on a table.
Students choose a distraction, such as driving while drunk or texting. They always crash, of course. Then, they are pulled over by the police to be taught the bad results of their driving: how much damage they’ve caused, what their fine is, if anyone died in the accident, and if they’re going to go to prison.
“It teaches how to drive without being on the road,” said Shante Thompson, 16. She had just crashed into a deer.
ODOT spokesman Justin Chesnic said hundreds of kids have gone behind the wheel so far. He said even more have benefited from watching their classmates. “Driving is such a major responsibility, so take it seriously,” he said. “Put away your cellphone. A lot of the accidents out there are because of distracted driving. It can not only change your life, but it can change someone else’s life forever. The results are serious. ”
8. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 1?
A. Introduce the topic of the text. B. Show the author’s point of view.
C. Provide some advice for the readers. D. Offer some background information.
9. Why is the driving simulator project introduced to Roosevelt High School?
A. It tests the students’ ability to stay focused.
B. It gets students to have fun between classes.
C. It teaches students how to deal with traffic accidents.
D. It makes students aware of the dangers of distracted driving.
10. What can we know about the driving simulator?
A. It is connected to the local police station.
B. It is a vehicle with three large computer screens.
C. It attracts the students’ interest as a computer program.
D. It benefits the students who use it more than those who only watch.
11. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Traffic Rules in Ohio, US B. Danger of Distracted Driving
C. Simulated Driving for Students D. Advantages of Computer Programs
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了驾车模拟器的具体操作情况以及将驾车模拟器引入校园的作用和目的。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段的内容和下文第二段首句“The Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) and State Highway Patrol brought the simulator to the school.( 俄亥俄州交通部和州高速公路巡逻队把模拟器带到了学校)”可知，第一段主要介绍一个16岁的少年Amanda Floyd在汽车模拟驾驶器里，在分心的状态下导致了严重的交通事故，使他意识到在现实开车时，不能发短信，不能分心。下文进入文章主题，所以我们判断出，作者主要是通过这个生动的事例来展示这台驾驶模拟器的具体操作状况和功用，以引入话题。故A选项正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段的“They said they wanted to help students learn about the danger of driving while drunk, while texting, or while talking on the phone.( 他们说他们想帮助学生们了解酒后驾车、发短信或打电话时开车的危险。)”可知，汽车驾驶模拟器项目被引入罗斯福高中的原因是让学生意识到分心开车的危险。故D选项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段的“The simulator is basically a computer program. Like many computer games, it was a hit with the students(模拟器基本上是一个计算机程序。就像许多电脑游戏一样，受到了学生们的欢迎。)”可知，汽车驾驶模拟器作为一个计算机程序，吸引了学生的兴趣。故C选项正确。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段通过举例引出文章的主题，二、三段讲述了引入校园的原因，四到六段讲述了驾驶模拟器的具体操作情况，最后一段给出驾驶模拟器进入校园后的益处。因此推断短文主要是围绕着“学生模拟驾驶。”而展开的。故C选项“学生模拟驾驶”是最佳标题。故C选项正确。
D
A study confirmed that the cracks (裂缝) found on the surface of Mars last year by the Curiosity Rover are evidence of ancient lakes that likely dried up about 3.5 billion years ago. The new study provides further evidence of what the climate on the Red Planet may have been like in its ancient past.
The study, published online in Geology, proved that cracks on Mars’s surface previously photographed by Curiosity are dry mud cracks which could have only been formed when wet ground was exposed to the air. This conclusion was based on an analysis of a single area of rock known as “Old Soaker.”
Researchers used the Curiosity Rover and information from its many tools including the Mars Hand Lens Imager, ChemCam Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectrometer (LIBS) and the Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS) to study both the physical appearance and the chemistry of the rock, which is described as no bigger than a coffee table.
The analysis showed that cracks on the rock were formed by exposure to air, rather than heat or the flow of water. In addition, the shape of the cracks suggests it experienced a single drying event on the planet, rather than getting wet and drying over repeatedly. The position of the cracks, closer to the center of the ancient lake rather than alongside it, also suggests that the lake levels changed often, rising and falling over time.
“The mud cracks are exciting because they help us to understand this ancient lake system,” lead study author Nathaniel Stein, a geologist at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, said, referring to the ancient lake system on the planet.
Scientists have known of the existence of ancient water on Mars for years. A 2015 NASA study that measured water in Mars’s atmosphere suggested that ancient oceans may once have had more water than our own Arctic Ocean. However, because the planet has less gravity and a thinner atmosphere than Earth, this water evaporated into space over the course of several billion years.
12. What is the Curiosity Rover underlined in Paragraph 1?
A. A research organization. B. An automatic machine.
C. An ancient remain on the planet. D. A space telescope on earth.
13. What do we know about the discovery on Mars?
A. The cracks are near the center of an ancient lake.
B. Mars was getting wet and drying more than once.
C. The lake level on Mars seldom changes over time.
D. The cracks on the rocks were formed by water flow.
14. What do we know from the last paragraph?
A. Ancient water still exists on Mars now.
B. The gravity on Mars is stronger than that on Earth.
C. The atmosphere on Earth is thicker than that on Mars.
D. The ancient Arctic Ocean had more water than it has now.
15. What is the text mainly about?
A. Water on Mars. B. A trip to Mars.
C. A study on Mars. D. Cracks on Mars.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
本文是说明文。这篇文章介绍了火星裂缝的相关情况。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“The study, published online in Geology, proved that cracks on Mars’s surface previously photographed by Curiosity are dry mud cracks which could have only been formed when wet ground was exposed to the air.” 这项发表在《地质学》网站上的研究证明，好奇号之前拍摄到的火星表面的裂缝是干泥裂缝，只有在潮湿的地面暴露在空气中时才会形成。可知，Curiosity rover 是火星探测器，是一台自动机器。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“the position of the cracks, closer to the center of the ancient lake rather than alongside it” 裂缝的位置，更靠近古湖的中心，而不是在湖的旁边。可知裂缝靠近古湖的中心。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“because the planet has less gravity and a thinner atmosphere than Earth” 因为它的重力比地球小，大气层也比地球薄。可知，地球的大气层比火星的厚。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“A study confirmed that the cracks found on Mars’s surface last year by the Curiosity rover are evidence of ancient lakes that likely dried up about 3.5 billion years ago.” 一项研究证实，好奇号探测器去年在火星表面发现的裂缝是可能在35亿年前干涸的古代湖泊的证据，以及下文对该裂缝的分析可知，这篇文章介绍了火星裂缝的相关情况。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Be Happy
___16___ Being happy often means continually finding satisfaction, a feeling of joy, and a sense that your life is meaningful during all kinds of problems — that does not depend upon finding ease or comfort. A sense of happiness is good for your health, so what can we do to have that?
Change your thoughts.
People have a natural tendency to remember negative experiences but forget positive ones. ___17___ You can train yourself to be happier by seeking your kind of fun. For example, occupy your mind with positive thoughts by practicing meditation (冥想).
Develop optimism.
___18___ It’s a way of interpreting everything that happens to you. For example, a pessimistic person might say, “I’m terrible at math. I’m going to fail that test tomorrow. I might as well just watch TV. ”However, an optimistic person would say something like “I’m concerned about doing well on that test tomorrow, but I’m going to study as well as I can and do my best.” Optimism doesn’t deny the reality of challenges, but it interprets how you approach them differently.
Practice active gratefulness.
A lot of researches confirm that being grateful is good for you. It reduces anxiety and depression, helps you become more positive, strengthens your relationships with others, and encourages sympathy.___19___
Determine your core values.
Your core values determine how you think about yourself, your life, and the world around you. These beliefs guide your decision-making. They may be spiritual, or they may not, but they’re the things that are fundamental to how you look at life.
___20___
Begin by imagining yourself in the future when you have gotten to where you want to be. Pick a few goals and imagine that you have achieved them.
A. Contact a hotline.
B. Visualize your “best possible self.”
C. Look for the positive in all your experiences.
D. Optimism is more than just positive expectations.
E. Happiness isn’t a simple goal, but is about making progress.
F. It also has been shown to increase your feelings of happiness.
G. However, you can actually change the way your brain functions.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. D 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了如何主动幸福快乐起来的方法。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Being happy often means continually finding satisfaction, a feeling of joy, and a sense that your life is meaningful during all kinds of problems（快乐通常意味着不断地找到满足，一种快乐的感觉，一种在各种问题出现时你的生活是有意义的感觉）”可知幸福快乐不仅是简单的目标，而是一个不断努力去想办法进步从而找到满足感成就感。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据小标题“Change your thoughts. ”及空前“People have a natural tendency to remember negative experiences but forget positive ones. （人们有一种自然的倾向，记住负面的经历，而忘记积极的经历。”可知，人们本能是这样的,善于记住负面的事情，G项内容“However, you can actually change the way your brain functions.”However转折，我们可以人为干预大脑功能，去主动抗拒负面的本能。下文“You can train yourself to be happier by seeking your kind of fun.（你可以通过寻找自己喜欢的乐趣来训练自己变得更快乐。）”举例很呼应前文G项。故选G项。
【18题详解】
D项“Optimism is more than just positive expectations.（乐观不仅仅是积极的期望。）”契合本段小标题Develop optimism.（培养乐观精神）下文“It’s a way of interpreting everything that happens to you.（这是一种解释发生在你身上的一切的方式。）”顺承D项内容，乐观不仅仅是对未来有积极地期望，而是对一切事情都有积极地解读。It 指代D项中的Optimism。故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据空前“A lot of researches confirm that being grateful is good for you. It reduces anxiety and depression, helps you become more positive, strengthens your relationships with others, and encourages sympathy.（许多研究证实，感恩对你有好处。它减少焦虑和抑郁，帮助你变得更积极，加强你与他人的关系，并激发同情心。）”列举了感恩的益处，F项It also has been shown to increase your feelings of happiness.（它也被证明能增加你的幸福感。）继续列举感恩的另一个益处。契合上文。故选F项。
【20题详解】
该空作为段落小标题，应概括下面段落内容。根据下文“Begin by imagining yourself in the future when you have gotten to where you want to be. Pick a few goals and imagine that you have achieved them.（当你到达你想要到达的地方时，开始想象你自己的未来。选几个目标，想象你已经实现了。）”想象未来实现理想时的自己，想象未来自己可能成为的自己。B项内容符合题意。故选B项。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A，B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When my dad finally finished the triathlon（铁人三项）in Montauk, the crowd cheered. It showed me how his hard work paid off and it excited my ___21___. I wondered whether a small boy of my size could ___22___ something like that. I found myself ___23___ this out loud and my father overheard me. He ___24___ me and said I could train with him.
Training with my dad turned out to be very ___25___. We would get up very early for a morning jog, or go for a swim in the pool after school. After a few weeks of training, I ___26___ my first triathlon. Before the competition, I nervously waited for the ___27___. When someone fired the gun, I was off, ___28___ towards the distant buoy that marked my turn. I finished the half-mile swim and ran towards my ___29___. I was dripping wet, trying to ____30____ it. Once on the bike, I experienced an excitement specific to ____31____. I went through the transition zone and ____32____my running shoes. At the start of the run part of the triathlon, my ____33____ already felt like they were made of cement (水泥).
For me, the real competition began during the run, ____34____ now I could see each competitor as a target. No matter my ____35____ in the field, each racer was either following me or being followed. The run part of the race boiled down to ____36____tolerance. “Shut up, legs”, one of my favorite sayings, kept me from thinking about the ____37____ feeling. Then I crossed the finish line. I took a breath and then began a celebration with the other ____38____. The sense of ____39____ was there for all of us.
Looking back, I remember the small boy on that day in Montauk who doubted whether he could ____40____ it, like his dad. Now, that same boy is not only a huge fan, but also a training partner as well.
21. A. pride B. congratulations C. concern D. curiosity
22. A. learn B. deserve C. achieve D. organize
23 A. saying B. figuring C. acting D. leaving
24. A. admired B. encouraged C. pushed D. convinced
25. A. unbearable B. exciting C. enjoyable D. challenging
26. A. learnt from B. suffered from C. signed up for D. dropped out of
27. A. signal B. announcement C. result D. permission
28. A. riding B. walking C. swimming D. dashing
29. A. bike B. horse C. destination D. coat
30. A. take off B. get on C. take control of D. put on
31. A. running B. traveling C. cycling D. swimming
32. A. kicked off B. switched to C. prepared for D. polished
33. A. running tracks B. clothes C. running shoes D. legs
34. A. because B. although C. until D. unless
35. A. size B. position C. age D. career
36. A. breathlessness B. thirst C. stress D. pain
37. A. winning B. nervous C. burning D. proud
38. A. racers B. finishers C. partners D. classmates
39. A. accomplishment B. guilt C. sorrow D. participation
40. A. join B. move C. prove D. make
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。作者以自己参加铁人三项赛的经历说明：在比赛中，当你觉得自己筋疲力尽时，不要放弃，坚持下去，直到抵达终点。不管成绩或名次如何，你都会有一份属于自己的成就感。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这向我展示他的努力是如何得到回报的，也激发了我的好奇心。A. pride骄傲；B. congratulations祝贺；C. concern关心；忧虑；D. curiosity好奇心。根据上文“When my dad finally finished the triathlon（铁人三项）in Montauk, the crowd cheered.”可知，当爸爸完成了在蒙托克的铁人三项赛时，观众欢呼雀跃的情景，让作者切实感受到爸爸付出的努力得到了回报，这也激发了作者的好奇心。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道像我这样个头的小男孩是否能取得像那样的成就。A. learn学习；B. deserve应得；C. achieve取得；D. organize组织。根据该空后的“something like that”可知，that指代上文爸爸的成就，所以作者想知道像他这样个头的小男孩是否能“取得(achieve)”爸爸那样的成绩。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现自己大声说出了这些，被父亲听到了。A. saying说；B. figuring计算；认为；C. acting行动；D.leaving离开；留下。根据该空后的“my father overheard me”可知，作者把自己的想法“说了(saying) ”出来。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励我，说我可以和他一起训练。A. admired钦佩；B. encouraged鼓励；C. pushed推动；D. convinced使相信。根据该空后的“I could train with him”可知，爸爸“鼓励(encouraged)”作者去体验并和他一起训练。故选B 。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义。句意：与爸爸一起训练结果证明是很有挑战性的。A. unbelievable难以置信的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. enjoyable快乐的；D. challenging有挑战性的。根据下一句 “We would get up early for a morning jog, or go for a swim in the pool after school. ”可知，结果证明，作者跟爸爸的训练是“有挑战性的(challenging)”。故选 D。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在几星期的训练以后，我报名参加了我的第一个铁人三项。A. learnt from向……学习；B. suffered from忍受；C. signed up for报名参加；D. dropped out of退学。根据下文“When someone fired the gun, I was off”可知，作者报名参加了铁人三项比赛。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在比赛前，我紧张地等待着信号。A.signal信号；B. announcement通告；C. result结果；D.permission允许。根据该空后的“When someone fired the gun”可知，比赛开始时，作者紧张地等待着信号。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当有人开枪，我就出发了，向着远方标志着我的变动的浮标游去。A.riding骑；乘；B.walking走；C.swimming游泳；D. dashing猛冲。根据下文“I finished the half-mile swim”可知，作者游向远处的浮标。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我完成了半英里的游泳，跑向我的自行车。A. bike自行车；B.horse马；C.destination目的地；D.coat外套。根据下文“Once on the bike”可知，作者参加铁人三项赛，先参加游泳项目，完成了游泳项目，然后骑自行车。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我全身湿淋淋的，努力骑上自行车。A. take off脱下；B. get on上（车）；C. take control of控制；D. put on张贴。根据该空后的“Once on my bike”可知，作者浑身湿淋淋的，努力骑上(get on)自行车。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动名词词义辨析。句意：我骑上自行车后，就体验到骑自行车所特有的一种兴奋。A. running跑；B. traveling旅行；C. cycling骑车；D. swimming游泳。根据该空前的“Once on my bike”可知，作者骑上自行车后，就感到了“骑自行车(cycling)”所特有的一种兴奋。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：我通过了过渡区，换上我的跑鞋。A.kick off开始；踢开；B. switched to换上；C. prepared for为……做准备；D. polished擦亮。根据该空后的“the run part”可知，作者“换上(switched to)”跑鞋，要参加跑步比赛。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词和名词短语辨析。句意：在铁人三项的跑步部分之初，我的腿已经感觉像水泥做得一般难以迈动。A. running tracks跑道；B. clothes衣服；C. running shoes跑鞋；D. legs腿。根据该空前的“the run part of the triathlon”和该空后的“like they were made of cement (水泥)”可知，作者最后进行的是跑步比赛，在此时作者感到的应该是他的“双腿(legs)”就像水泥做得一般难以迈动。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：对于我来说，真正的比赛是从跑步阶段开始的，因为现在我将每一名选手视为目标。A.because因为；B.although尽管；C. until直到；D. unless除非。根据该空前的“the real competition began during the run”和该空后的“target”可知，“对于我来说，真正的比赛是从跑步阶段开始的”与“现在我将每一名选手视为目标”，这两个分句之间构成因果关系，故填because，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论我在运动场上处于什么位置，每个参赛者不是跟随我就是被我所跟随。A. size大小；B. position位置；C. age年龄；D. career事业。根据该空后的“each racer was either following me or being followed”可知，在运动场上，不论作者身处哪个“位置(position)”，每个参赛者不是跟随作者就是被作者所跟随。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项比赛的跑步阶段归根结底就是忍耐痛苦。A. breathlessness呼吸急促；B. thirst口渴；C. stress压力；D. pain痛苦。根据空后的“tolerance”和““Shut up, legs”, one of my favorite sayings, kept me from thinking about the ___17___ feeling.”可知，作者认为铁人三项赛的跑步赛段归根到底就是忍耐“痛苦(pain)”。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“闭嘴，迈腿”，我最喜欢的名言之一，让我不去想这种极度的疼痛感。A.winning获得的；B. nervous紧张的；C. burning极度的；D.proud骄傲的。根据上文““Shut up, legs”, one of my favorite sayings, kept me from thinking about”可推断，作者在跑步阶段，靠自己钟爱的名言“闭嘴，迈腿”，让自己不去想身上那种极度的疼痛感。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我深吸了一口气，然后开始和其他的到达终点者庆祝。A.racers参赛者；B.finishers达到终点者；C. partners伙伴；同伴；D. classmates同学。根据该空后的“for all of us”可知，完成铁人三项赛后，作者与其他到达终点的选手们一起庆祝，一起分享完成比赛的成就感。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们所有人都有一种成就感。A. accomplishment成就；完成；B. guilt犯罪；过失；C. sorrow悲伤；D. participation 参加。根据上文“Then I crossed the finish line. I took a breath and then began a celebration with the other ___18___.”可知，作者和其他到达终点者一起庆祝成功，充满了成就感。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回望过去，我想起当日在蒙托克的那个小男孩，怀疑他是否能够像他的爸爸一样成功。A. join参加；B. move移动；C. prove证明；D.make使；让。根据下文“Now, that same boy is not only a huge fan, but also a training partner as well.”可推断，如今，还是这个男孩，他不但是铁人三项赛的铁杆粉丝，还是一位陪练。因此可知，当时怀疑自己是否会成功的小男孩成功了。make it“成功”。故选D。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Most people, at one time or another, have been on the receiving end of a random act of kindness — that moment when a complete stranger stops ___41___ (offer) aid, generosity or sympathy. In a sometimes callous (冷漠的) world where people can be so focused on ___42___ they’re doing, a random act of kindness can make ___43___ difference.
The city of Naples has long had a tradition ___44___ (call) “caffè sospeso”. When buying coffee, a person who has recently been ___45___ (luck) would purchase two cups but only drink one, leaving the second one anonymously, out of the goodness of their heart, for a poor person to claim for free. This tradition is now more common worldwide.
However, in some cases, these little acts can be a matter of life and death. Take, for example, the unnamed commuter, who in June 2018 ___46___ (fall) off a station platform onto an electric railway track in Toronto, Canada. A quick-thinking bystander selflessly leapt down to pull him to ___47___ (safe).
Or Jonny Benjamin, who in London in 2008 ___48___ (persuade) not to commit suicide by a passer-by. He had been considering ___49___ (jump) from a bridge. He later found the Good Samaritan and thanked him ____50____ his kindness. He may one day find a way to pay him back in kind — though that’s not the point.
So, why do it? Often, the acts aren’t reciprocated （回报）. The people never meet again. However, acts like these can “give our lives new purpose, show us other viewpoints on our own problems and even make us feel very happy and excited.”
【答案】41. to offer
42. what 43. a
44. called 45. lucky
46. fell 47. safety
48. was persuaded
49. jumping
50. for
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章说明了善举通常是意料之外的，但几乎从未被忽视过。并列举了一些世界各地人们受到他人善举的事件和传统。
【41题详解】
考查不定式。句意：大多数人，曾经都接受过随意的善举——那个时刻，一个完全的陌生人停下来提供帮助、慷慨或同情。stop to do sth.“停下来做某事”，根据句意，空格处用不定式做目的状语，故填to offer。
【42题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：在一个人们可能非常专注于他们做的有时很无情的世界里，一个随意的善举可能会有很大的影响。分析句子可知，空格处引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语，从句中缺少do的宾语，表示“……的（事情）”，用what引导宾语从句，故填what。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在一个人们可能非常专注于他们做的有时很无情的世界里，一个随意的善举可能会有很大的影响。make a difference“有作用；有影响”是固定短语，故填a。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：那不勒斯市长期以来一直有一个被称为“悬浮咖啡”的传统。分析句子可知，call此处用非谓语动词形式作定语，修饰tradition，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填called。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在买咖啡的时候，一个最近幸运的人会买两杯，但只喝一杯，匿名留下第二杯，出于他们的善意，让一个穷人免费索取。分析句子可知，设空处在从句中接在be动词之后作表语，故填lucky。
【46题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：以这位未知名的通勤者为例，在2018年6月，在加拿大多伦多他从站台上掉到了一条电动铁路轨道上。分析句子可知，fall是who引导的定语从句的谓语动词，由时间状语“in June 2018”可知，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，who指代the unnamed commuter，与fall是主动关系，故填fell。
【47题详解】
考查名词。句意：一个思维敏捷的旁观者无私地跳下去把他拉到安全的地方。to是介词，接名词作宾语，故填safety。
【48题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：乔尼·本杰明， 2008年他在伦敦被一个路人说服不要自杀。分析句子可知，persuade是who引导的定语从句的谓语动词，关系词who作主语，故从句谓语动词与先行词保持人称和数的一致，先行词是Jonny Benjamin，是第三人称单数，故从句谓语动词用第三人称单数，Jonny Benjamin与persuade是被动关系，用被动语态，且由“in 2008”可知，用一般过去时，故填was persuaded。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他一直在考虑从桥上跳下去。consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”，用动名词作宾语，故填jumping。
【50题详解】
考查介词。句意：后来，他找到了那个心地善良乐于助人的人，并感谢了他的好意。thank sb. for sth.“因为某事感谢某人”，是常用搭配，故填for。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Thank you for your letter, what really made me very happy. Now let me tell you something about the transportation progresses in China. Over the past few decades we have developed an amazed network of public transportation. Besides, we have decided to make efforts make it even better. I am sure they will satisfy people’s needs for traveling everywhere more convenient. People usually chose the means of transportation based with some aspects, such as the cost and the time needed. For example, businessmen are more likely to travel by plane or by the high-speed train to save time while office workers tend to take buses and drive to work themselves.
【答案】1.what→which
2.progresses→progress
3.amazed→amazing
4.efforts后添加to
5.they→it
6.convenient→conveniently
7.chose→choose
8.with→on
9.去掉the
10.and→or
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国交通的发展情况，中国在过去的几十年里已经发展了一个惊人的公共交通网络。
【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：谢谢你的来信，真的让我很开心。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导；what不能引导定语从句。故what改为which。
2.考查名词。句意：现在让我给你们介绍一下中国交通的发展情况。progress为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故progresses改为progress。
3.考查形容词。句意：在过去的几十年里，我们已经发展了一个惊人的公共交通网络。修饰后文名词network应用-ing结尾形容词amazing，作定语，意为“令人震惊的”。故amazed改为amazing。
4.考查固定短语。句意：此外，我们已经决定努力使它更好。结合句意表示“努力做某事”可知短语为make efforts to do sth.。故efforts后添加to。
5.考查代词。句意：我相信它会更方便地满足人们到处旅行的需求。此处指代上文an amazing network of public transportation，应用代词it。故they改为it。
6.考查副词。句意：我相信它会更方便地满足人们到处旅行的需求。修饰动词satisfy应用副词conveniently，作状语。故convenient改为conveniently。
7.考查动词时态。句意：人们通常会根据成本和时间等因素来选择交通方式。根据上文usually可知表示经常习惯性的动作应用一般现在时，主语为people，谓语动词用原形。故chose改为choose。
8.考查介词。句意：人们通常会根据成本和时间等因素来选择交通方式。根据句意表示“根据”短语为be based on，应用介词on。故with改为on。
9.考查固定短语。句意：例如，商人更有可能乘坐飞机或高速火车旅行以节省时间，而办公室职员倾向于乘坐公共汽车或自己开车上班。此处为“by+交通方式”，中间不需要冠词。故去掉the。
10.考查连词。句意：例如，商人更有可能乘坐飞机或高速火车旅行以节省时间，而办公室职员倾向于乘坐公共汽车或自己开车上班。根据句意可知，“乘坐公共汽车”和“自己开车上班”为二选其一的关系，表选择关系应用连词or。故and改为or。
第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分25分）
52. 最近，某中学生英文报正在举办主题为“Cellphones on Campus”的征文活动。假定你是攀枝花中学高三学生李华，请你向该报社投稿。主要内容如下：
1. 你校学生使用手机的情况；
2. 学生在校内使用手机的利弊；
3. 你自己的观点。
注意：1.词数：100词左右；
2. 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Nowadays mobile phones are becoming more and more popular among the middle school students．Many of the students in our school come to school with phones secretly.
Every coin has two sides. As we know, the 21st century is a modern age and full of information．A mobile phone is one of the quickest tools for us to exchange information．The mobile phone is a fashionable and useful invention, which we ought to make the best use of．Supposing there's a sudden accident, it is more convenient for us to dial for help immediately．There're also some games in the mobile phone．We can relax ourselves by playing them once in a while．On the other hand, we may waste much time. If it rings in class both our teachers and classmates will be distracted.. What's worse, because many students try to buy more expensive mobile phones, they add pressure to their families.
In my opinion, we can bring mobile phones to school. It's not wrong to follow the fashion, but the most important thing is how to use the mobile phone in a right way．
Yours truly,
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给向中学生英文报举办的“Cellphones on Campus”的征文投稿。主要内容如下：
1. 你校学生使用手机的情况；
2. 学生在校内使用手机的利弊；
3. 你自己的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
时代：time→age
利用：use→make the best of/take advantage of
干扰：bother/disturb→distract
偶尔：sometimes→once in a while/occasionally
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The mobile phone is a fashionable and useful invention, so we ought to make the best use of it.
拓展句：The mobile phone is a fashionable and useful invention, which we ought to make the best use of．
【点睛】[高分句型1] The mobile phone is a fashionable and useful invention, which we ought to make the best use of． (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] It's not wrong to follow the fashion, but the most important thing is how to use the mobile phone in a right way．(动词不定式的复合结构作表语)
攀枝花市2021届高三第二次统一考试
英语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15 B. £9. 15 C. £9. 18
答案是B。
1. When will the woman get to the man’s party?
A. At about 6:30. B. At about 7:00. C. At about 7:30.
2. What is the woman going to do next?
A. Get some exercise. B. Go out for coffee. C. Work with the man.
3. Where is the supermarket?
A. Next to a gift shop. B. Beside a post office. C. On the right of a cinema.
4. Why did the woman call her friends?
A. To wake them up.
B To get help from them.
C. To inform them of a meeting.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A flight. B. A holiday. C. The weather.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did Ella do in the girl’s class?
A. She taught science lessons. B. She did experiments. C. She gave a speech.
7. What is the woman’s opinion about Ella?
A. Helpful. B. Famous. C. Interesting.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where is the man working now?
A. In a hospital. B. In a school. C. In a company.
9. How does the woman feel about the result?
A. Pleased. B. Surprised. C. Disappointed.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the woman check first?
A If Flight 712 takes off on time.
B. If there are seats available on Flight 712.
C. If there is a flight to Alabama on Friday.
11. How long does it take to get toAlabama?
A. 1. 5 hours. B. 2 hours. C. 2. 5 hours.
12. What does the man want?
A. Around-trip ticket. B. A window seat. C. A first-class air travel.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why is the man talking with the woman?
A. To encourage her to do more sports.
B. To share interests and hobbies with her.
C. To try to persuade her to choose a club.
14. Which society’s president is Lisa?
A. The International Society’s.
B. The Literature Society’s.
C. The French Society’s.
15. What club is the man going to join?
A. The climbing club. B. The chess club. C. The sailing club.
16. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Join a volleyball club B. Try adventure sports. C. Take the French course.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What are Mr. Goodman’s works especially focusing on?
A. The city of London. B. Ancient Romans. C. Recycled materials.
18. What do we know about Mr. Goodman’s works in this exhibition?
A. They can be seen for free.
B. They were discovered 2000 years ago.
C. They are Mr. Goodman’s original creations.
19. When will Mr. Goodman discuss his works?
A On May 2nd. B. On May 6th. C. On May 9th.
20. What is the best way to get more information about the exhibition?
A Asking the man. B. Going on the Internet. C. Telephoning 79460609.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
STUDYTRIP:
EXPLORATION OF FRENCH SOCIETY
Bonjour!
Program Structure:
Dates: June 4 4 – – July 4 4, 9 2019 (Subject to change)
2 weeks in Bordeaux
French Courses: primary or intermediate level
Cultural activities: a wine tasting course; a French cooking class
Weekend activities: visits to Arcachon & Dordogne
1 week in Paris
Cultural and historical visits to various world-famous museums
Musée du louvre, Musée d’Orsay, the Pompidou center, Cathedrale
Notre-Dame de Paris & the Chateau de Versailles…
Partnering Institute: Alliance Francaise Bordeaux
Pre-trip preparations（Mar. —— Jun.）: Attend all briefings & Group presentation on a given topic
Post-trip assignment: Individual reflective & Photo album
Target Students:
●have knowledge in French
●show interest in French culture
●have GPA 2.5 or above
●be self-motivated in cultural exploration
●be a good team member
●be in year 3 or above (If admitted in 2017/2018 and onwards)
Cost (subsidy: HK $10,000 — HK $12,000)
HK $28, 000 (Full fee) (including tuition, round-trip air ticket, accommodation and local transportation expenses, but excluding meals and expenses during free time)
Plus Deposit: HK $3,000 (refund upon full attendance of all scheduled briefings & activities and submission of quality post-trip assignments)
(Remarks: Students who meet the requirements may apply for extra financial support from the College Scholarships Awards and Financial-aid Committee or the HKSAR Reaching Out Award)
Important Dates:
Feb 2 Deadline for applications
Feb 9-13 Selection interviews
Feb 27 Announcement of application results
March — June Pre-trip briefing sessions
Remarks:
●Past participants are NOT allowed to apply
●NO early departure or staying behind is allowed
Enquiry: 39436994/tammy chow @ cuhk. edu. HK
1. What activities can students join in the program?
A. They can learn to make wine on their own.
B. They can have French courses at college level.
C. They can visit Arcachon & Dordogne at weekdays.
D. They can visit some world-known museums in Paris.
2. If anyone wants to apply for the program, he / she needs to ________.
A. have GPA 3 or above B. have a good command of English
C. get along well with team members D. show interest in outdoor exploration
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The College Scholarships Awards may offer financial support.
B. It’ll cost an applicant at most HK $28,000 for the study trip.
C. Applicants can apply for staying behind after the study trip.
D. Feb 27 will be the deadline for applications.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章是香港中文大学暑期法国学习项目招生广告，学习时间为3周，地点在巴黎及波尔多。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章表格中1 week in Paris后的“Cultural and historical visits to various world-famous museums(参观世界著名的文化和历史博物馆)”和“Musée du louvre, Musée d’Orsay, the Pompidou center, Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Paris & the Chateau de Versailles…(卢浮宫，奥赛博物馆，蓬皮杜中心，大教堂巴黎圣母院和凡尔赛宫……)”可知，学生可以参观巴黎的一些世界闻名的博物馆。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Target Students:中的“●be a good team member (●成为一个优秀的团队成员)”可知，如果任何人想要申请这个项目，他/她需要与团队成员相处得很好。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Cost中的“(Remarks: Students who meet the requirements may apply for extra financial support from the College Scholarships Awards and Financial-aid Committee or the HKSAR Reaching Out Award (备注:符合条件的学生可向学院奖学金及财政资助委员会或香港特别行政区外展奖学金申请额外资助)”可知，学院奖学金可以提供经济支持。故选A。
B
Sleep, considered a luxury by many, is essential for a person’s health and happiness. Researchers have found that inadequate sleep and tiredness increase a person’s risk of developing severe medical conditions, such as obesity, high blood sugar levels, and heart disease. Now, a new study has found that getting enough sleep is also the key to improving academic performance.
Jeffrey Gross, the university science professor who led the research, was not trying to find the relationship between sleep and grades when he handed out smart watches to the 100 students in his chemistry class. Instead, the professor hoped the wrist-worn devices (装置), which track a person’s physical activity, would show a connection between exercise and academic achievement.
While Gross’s data showed no relationship between these two factors (因素), the study found something surprising. As the researchers were analyzing their data, they noticed that there was a straight-line relationship between the average amount of sleep a student got and their results in the course’s 11 quizzes, three midterm tests, and the final exam.
Even more interesting, it was not enough for students to just head to bed early the night before a test. Instead, it’s the sleep you get during the days when learning is happening that matters most.
The time students went to bed each night was similarly important. Those who went to bed in early hours of the morning performed poorly, even if the total sleep time was the same as a higher- performing student. “When you go to bed matters,” Gross says, “If you go to bed at 10, or 12, or 1 at night, and sleep for seven hours, your performance is the same. But if you go to bed after 2, your performance starts to go down even if you get the same seven hours. So, quantity isn’t everything. ”
Perhaps the most interesting was the huge effect that small differences in sleep patterns had on the students’ grades. The entire course grades for students averaging six and a half hours of sleep each night were 25% lower than students who averaged just one hour more sleep. Similarly, students who changed their bedtime by even one hour each night had grades that dropped 45% below those with more regular bedtimes.
Who knew getting A’s just required some extra ZZZ’s?
4. Based on his original goals, which best describes Professor Gross’s research findings?
A. Complete. B. Accidental.
C. Convincing. D. Doubtful.
5. Who were the people taking part in the study?
A. University student athletes. B. Professor Gross’s own students.
C. Middle school chemistry students. D. Volunteers from different universities.
6. How did Professor Gross’s team measure academic performance?
A. Making the students wear a special watch.
B. Giving the students regular after-class quizzes.
C. Using students’ university entrance test results.
D. Using the students’ normal test and quiz grades.
7. Based on the study’s findings, who is likely to perform best academically?
A. A person who sleeps for a total of 7 hours each night.
B. A person who sleeps from 11 p. m. to 6 a. m. each day.
C. A person whose normal bedtime changes between 9 p. m. and 12 p. m.
D. A person who has a good night’s sleep the night before an important test.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明，睡眠不足除了对身体健康造成不良影响之外，也会对学习成绩产生影响。好的睡眠是提高学习成绩的关键。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“While Gross’s data showed no relationship between these two factors (因素), the study found something surprising. As the researchers were analyzing their data, they noticed that there was a straight-line relationship between the average amount of sleep a student got and their results in the course’s 11 quizzes, three midterm tests, and the final exam. ”（虽然格罗斯的数据显示这两个因素之间没有关系，但这项研究发现了一些令人惊讶的东西。在研究人员分析数据时，他们注意到，学生的平均睡眠时间与他们在这门课的11次测验、3次期中考试和期末考试中的成绩之间存在直线关系。）可知，基于他最初的目标，格罗斯教授的研究发现是“偶然的”。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Jeffrey Gross, the university science professor who led the research, was not trying to find the relationship between sleep and grades when he handed out smart watches to the 100 students in his chemistry class.”（领导这项研究的大学科学教授杰弗里•格罗斯(Jeffrey Gross)在给化学课上的100名学生分发智能手表时，并不是为了寻找睡眠和成绩之间的关系。）可知，参与研究的人是他自己的学生。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“As the researchers were analyzing their data, they noticed that there was a straight-line relationship between the average amount of sleep a student got and their results in the course’s 11 quizzes, three midterm tests, and the final exam. ”（在研究人员分析数据时，他们注意到，学生的平均睡眠时间与他们在这门课的11次测验、3次期中考试和期末考试中的成绩之间存在直线关系。）可知，格罗斯教授的团队是使用学生的正常测试和测验成绩来衡量学业表现的。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“The time students went to bed each night was similarly important. Those who went to bed in early hours of the morning performed poorly, even if the total sleep time was the same as a higher- performing student. “When you go to bed matters,” Gross says, “If you go to bed at 10, or 12, or 1 at night, and sleep for seven hours, your performance is the same.””（学生每晚睡觉的时间同样重要。那些在清晨上床睡觉的学生表现很差，即使他们的总睡眠时间与表现较好的学生相同。”“你上床睡觉的时候很重要，”格罗斯说，“如果你晚上10点、12点或1点上床，睡7个小时，你的表现是一样的。”）可知，根据这项研究的发现，睡得较早，且时间足够的学生表现好。结合选项推知，每天从晚上11点睡到早上6点的人可能在学业上表现最好。故选B。
C
Two deer jumped out in front of 16-year-old Amanda Floyd’s car. She stepped on the brake, stopping the car just in time. But later, she started texting. Distracted, Amanda turned left and right, then crashed into another car. Luckily, she wasn’t in a real car — she was in a driving simulator at Roosevelt High School, Ohio, US. “I never really realized that cars make a turn that much,” Amanda, a junior, said. She added that she wouldn’t text while driving anymore.
The Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) and State Highway Patrol brought the simulator to the school. They said they wanted to help students learn about the danger of driving while drunk, while texting, or while talking on the phone.
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, distracted driving claimed 3,450 1ives in 2016 alone. Experts believe the actual figure is probably higher.
The simulator is basically a computer program. Like many computer games, it was a hit with the students. They lined up and crowded around to watch each other take turns. The simulator has a steering wheel (方向盘) , brake and gas pedal . It is made up of three large computer screens on a table.
Students choose a distraction, such as driving while drunk or texting. They always crash, of course. Then, they are pulled over by the police to be taught the bad results of their driving: how much damage they’ve caused, what their fine is, if anyone died in the accident, and if they’re going to go to prison.
“It teaches how to drive without being on the road,” said Shante Thompson, 16. She had just crashed into a deer.
ODOT spokesman Justin Chesnic said hundreds of kids have gone behind the wheel so far. He said even more have benefited from watching their classmates. “Driving is such a major responsibility, so take it seriously,” he said. “Put away your cellphone. A lot of the accidents out there are because of distracted driving. It can not only change your life, but it can change someone else’s life forever. The results are serious. ”
8. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 1?
A. Introduce the topic of the text. B. Show the author’s point of view.
C. Provide some advice for the readers. D. Offer some background information.
9. Why is the driving simulator project introduced to Roosevelt High School?
A. It tests the students’ ability to stay focused.
B. It gets students to have fun between classes.
C. It teaches students how to deal with traffic accidents.
D. It makes students aware of the dangers of distracted driving.
10. What can we know about the driving simulator?
A. It is connected to the local police station.
B. It is a vehicle with three large computer screens.
C. It attracts the students’ interest as a computer program.
D. It benefits the students who use it more than those who only watch.
11. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Traffic Rules in Ohio, US B. Danger of Distracted Driving
C. Simulated Driving for Students D. Advantages of Computer Programs
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了驾车模拟器的具体操作情况以及将驾车模拟器引入校园的作用和目的。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段的内容和下文第二段首句“The Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) and State Highway Patrol brought the simulator to the school.( 俄亥俄州交通部和州高速公路巡逻队把模拟器带到了学校)”可知，第一段主要介绍一个16岁的少年Amanda Floyd在汽车模拟驾驶器里，在分心的状态下导致了严重的交通事故，使他意识到在现实开车时，不能发短信，不能分心。下文进入文章主题，所以我们判断出，作者主要是通过这个生动的事例来展示这台驾驶模拟器的具体操作状况和功用，以引入话题。故A选项正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段的“They said they wanted to help students learn about the danger of driving while drunk, while texting, or while talking on the phone.( 他们说他们想帮助学生们了解酒后驾车、发短信或打电话时开车的危险。)”可知，汽车驾驶模拟器项目被引入罗斯福高中的原因是让学生意识到分心开车的危险。故D选项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段的“The simulator is basically a computer program. Like many computer games, it was a hit with the students(模拟器基本上是一个计算机程序。就像许多电脑游戏一样，受到了学生们的欢迎。)”可知，汽车驾驶模拟器作为一个计算机程序，吸引了学生的兴趣。故C选项正确。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段通过举例引出文章的主题，二、三段讲述了引入校园的原因，四到六段讲述了驾驶模拟器的具体操作情况，最后一段给出驾驶模拟器进入校园后的益处。因此推断短文主要是围绕着“学生模拟驾驶。”而展开的。故C选项“学生模拟驾驶”是最佳标题。故C选项正确。
D
A study confirmed that the cracks (裂缝) found on the surface of Mars last year by the Curiosity Rover are evidence of ancient lakes that likely dried up about 3.5 billion years ago. The new study provides further evidence of what the climate on the Red Planet may have been like in its ancient past.
The study, published online in Geology, proved that cracks on Mars’s surface previously photographed by Curiosity are dry mud cracks which could have only been formed when wet ground was exposed to the air. This conclusion was based on an analysis of a single area of rock known as “Old Soaker.”
Researchers used the Curiosity Rover and information from its many tools including the Mars Hand Lens Imager, ChemCam Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectrometer (LIBS) and the Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS) to study both the physical appearance and the chemistry of the rock, which is described as no bigger than a coffee table.
The analysis showed that cracks on the rock were formed by exposure to air, rather than heat or the flow of water. In addition, the shape of the cracks suggests it experienced a single drying event on the planet, rather than getting wet and drying over repeatedly. The position of the cracks, closer to the center of the ancient lake rather than alongside it, also suggests that the lake levels changed often, rising and falling over time.
“The mud cracks are exciting because they help us to understand this ancient lake system,” lead study author Nathaniel Stein, a geologist at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, said, referring to the ancient lake system on the planet.
Scientists have known of the existence of ancient water on Mars for years. A 2015 NASA study that measured water in Mars’s atmosphere suggested that ancient oceans may once have had more water than our own Arctic Ocean. However, because the planet has less gravity and a thinner atmosphere than Earth, this water evaporated into space over the course of several billion years.
12. What is the Curiosity Rover underlined in Paragraph 1?
A. A research organization. B. An automatic machine.
C. An ancient remain on the planet. D. A space telescope on earth.
13. What do we know about the discovery on Mars?
A. The cracks are near the center of an ancient lake.
B. Mars was getting wet and drying more than once.
C. The lake level on Mars seldom changes over time.
D. The cracks on the rocks were formed by water flow.
14. What do we know from the last paragraph?
A. Ancient water still exists on Mars now.
B. The gravity on Mars is stronger than that on Earth.
C. The atmosphere on Earth is thicker than that on Mars.
D. The ancient Arctic Ocean had more water than it has now.
15. What is the text mainly about?
A. Water on Mars. B. A trip to Mars.
C. A study on Mars. D. Cracks on Mars.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
本文是说明文。这篇文章介绍了火星裂缝的相关情况。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“The study, published online in Geology, proved that cracks on Mars’s surface previously photographed by Curiosity are dry mud cracks which could have only been formed when wet ground was exposed to the air.” 这项发表在《地质学》网站上的研究证明，好奇号之前拍摄到的火星表面的裂缝是干泥裂缝，只有在潮湿的地面暴露在空气中时才会形成。可知，Curiosity rover 是火星探测器，是一台自动机器。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“the position of the cracks, closer to the center of the ancient lake rather than alongside it” 裂缝的位置，更靠近古湖的中心，而不是在湖的旁边。可知裂缝靠近古湖的中心。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“because the planet has less gravity and a thinner atmosphere than Earth” 因为它的重力比地球小，大气层也比地球薄。可知，地球的大气层比火星的厚。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“A study confirmed that the cracks found on Mars’s surface last year by the Curiosity rover are evidence of ancient lakes that likely dried up about 3.5 billion years ago.” 一项研究证实，好奇号探测器去年在火星表面发现的裂缝是可能在35亿年前干涸的古代湖泊的证据，以及下文对该裂缝的分析可知，这篇文章介绍了火星裂缝的相关情况。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Be Happy
___16___ Being happy often means continually finding satisfaction, a feeling of joy, and a sense that your life is meaningful during all kinds of problems — that does not depend upon finding ease or comfort. A sense of happiness is good for your health, so what can we do to have that?
Change your thoughts.
People have a natural tendency to remember negative experiences but forget positive ones. ___17___ You can train yourself to be happier by seeking your kind of fun. For example, occupy your mind with positive thoughts by practicing meditation (冥想).
Develop optimism.
___18___ It’s a way of interpreting everything that happens to you. For example, a pessimistic person might say, “I’m terrible at math. I’m going to fail that test tomorrow. I might as well just watch TV. ”However, an optimistic person would say something like “I’m concerned about doing well on that test tomorrow, but I’m going to study as well as I can and do my best.” Optimism doesn’t deny the reality of challenges, but it interprets how you approach them differently.
Practice active gratefulness.
A lot of researches confirm that being grateful is good for you. It reduces anxiety and depression, helps you become more positive, strengthens your relationships with others, and encourages sympathy.___19___
Determine your core values.
Your core values determine how you think about yourself, your life, and the world around you. These beliefs guide your decision-making. They may be spiritual, or they may not, but they’re the things that are fundamental to how you look at life.
___20___
Begin by imagining yourself in the future when you have gotten to where you want to be. Pick a few goals and imagine that you have achieved them.
A. Contact a hotline.
B. Visualize your “best possible self.”
C. Look for the positive in all your experiences.
D. Optimism is more than just positive expectations.
E. Happiness isn’t a simple goal, but is about making progress.
F. It also has been shown to increase your feelings of happiness.
G. However, you can actually change the way your brain functions.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. D 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了如何主动幸福快乐起来的方法。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Being happy often means continually finding satisfaction, a feeling of joy, and a sense that your life is meaningful during all kinds of problems（快乐通常意味着不断地找到满足，一种快乐的感觉，一种在各种问题出现时你的生活是有意义的感觉）”可知幸福快乐不仅是简单的目标，而是一个不断努力去想办法进步从而找到满足感成就感。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据小标题“Change your thoughts. ”及空前“People have a natural tendency to remember negative experiences but forget positive ones. （人们有一种自然的倾向，记住负面的经历，而忘记积极的经历。”可知，人们本能是这样的,善于记住负面的事情，G项内容“However, you can actually change the way your brain functions.”However转折，我们可以人为干预大脑功能，去主动抗拒负面的本能。下文“You can train yourself to be happier by seeking your kind of fun.（你可以通过寻找自己喜欢的乐趣来训练自己变得更快乐。）”举例很呼应前文G项。故选G项。
【18题详解】
D项“Optimism is more than just positive expectations.（乐观不仅仅是积极的期望。）”契合本段小标题Develop optimism.（培养乐观精神）下文“It’s a way of interpreting everything that happens to you.（这是一种解释发生在你身上的一切的方式。）”顺承D项内容，乐观不仅仅是对未来有积极地期望，而是对一切事情都有积极地解读。It 指代D项中的Optimism。故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据空前“A lot of researches confirm that being grateful is good for you. It reduces anxiety and depression, helps you become more positive, strengthens your relationships with others, and encourages sympathy.（许多研究证实，感恩对你有好处。它减少焦虑和抑郁，帮助你变得更积极，加强你与他人的关系，并激发同情心。）”列举了感恩的益处，F项It also has been shown to increase your feelings of happiness.（它也被证明能增加你的幸福感。）继续列举感恩的另一个益处。契合上文。故选F项。
【20题详解】
该空作为段落小标题，应概括下面段落内容。根据下文“Begin by imagining yourself in the future when you have gotten to where you want to be. Pick a few goals and imagine that you have achieved them.（当你到达你想要到达的地方时，开始想象你自己的未来。选几个目标，想象你已经实现了。）”想象未来实现理想时的自己，想象未来自己可能成为的自己。B项内容符合题意。故选B项。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A，B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When my dad finally finished the triathlon（铁人三项）in Montauk, the crowd cheered. It showed me how his hard work paid off and it excited my ___21___. I wondered whether a small boy of my size could ___22___ something like that. I found myself ___23___ this out loud and my father overheard me. He ___24___ me and said I could train with him.
Training with my dad turned out to be very ___25___. We would get up very early for a morning jog, or go for a swim in the pool after school. After a few weeks of training, I ___26___ my first triathlon. Before the competition, I nervously waited for the ___27___. When someone fired the gun, I was off, ___28___ towards the distant buoy that marked my turn. I finished the half-mile swim and ran towards my ___29___. I was dripping wet, trying to ____30____ it. Once on the bike, I experienced an excitement specific to ____31____. I went through the transition zone and ____32____my running shoes. At the start of the run part of the triathlon, my ____33____ already felt like they were made of cement (水泥).
For me, the real competition began during the run, ____34____ now I could see each competitor as a target. No matter my ____35____ in the field, each racer was either following me or being followed. The run part of the race boiled down to ____36____tolerance. “Shut up, legs”, one of my favorite sayings, kept me from thinking about the ____37____ feeling. Then I crossed the finish line. I took a breath and then began a celebration with the other ____38____. The sense of ____39____ was there for all of us.
Looking back, I remember the small boy on that day in Montauk who doubted whether he could ____40____ it, like his dad. Now, that same boy is not only a huge fan, but also a training partner as well.
21. A. pride B. congratulations C. concern D. curiosity
22. A. learn B. deserve C. achieve D. organize
23 A. saying B. figuring C. acting D. leaving
24. A. admired B. encouraged C. pushed D. convinced
25. A. unbearable B. exciting C. enjoyable D. challenging
26. A. learnt from B. suffered from C. signed up for D. dropped out of
27. A. signal B. announcement C. result D. permission
28. A. riding B. walking C. swimming D. dashing
29. A. bike B. horse C. destination D. coat
30. A. take off B. get on C. take control of D. put on
31. A. running B. traveling C. cycling D. swimming
32. A. kicked off B. switched to C. prepared for D. polished
33. A. running tracks B. clothes C. running shoes D. legs
34. A. because B. although C. until D. unless
35. A. size B. position C. age D. career
36. A. breathlessness B. thirst C. stress D. pain
37. A. winning B. nervous C. burning D. proud
38. A. racers B. finishers C. partners D. classmates
39. A. accomplishment B. guilt C. sorrow D. participation
40. A. join B. move C. prove D. make
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。作者以自己参加铁人三项赛的经历说明：在比赛中，当你觉得自己筋疲力尽时，不要放弃，坚持下去，直到抵达终点。不管成绩或名次如何，你都会有一份属于自己的成就感。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这向我展示他的努力是如何得到回报的，也激发了我的好奇心。A. pride骄傲；B. congratulations祝贺；C. concern关心；忧虑；D. curiosity好奇心。根据上文“When my dad finally finished the triathlon（铁人三项）in Montauk, the crowd cheered.”可知，当爸爸完成了在蒙托克的铁人三项赛时，观众欢呼雀跃的情景，让作者切实感受到爸爸付出的努力得到了回报，这也激发了作者的好奇心。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道像我这样个头的小男孩是否能取得像那样的成就。A. learn学习；B. deserve应得；C. achieve取得；D. organize组织。根据该空后的“something like that”可知，that指代上文爸爸的成就，所以作者想知道像他这样个头的小男孩是否能“取得(achieve)”爸爸那样的成绩。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现自己大声说出了这些，被父亲听到了。A. saying说；B. figuring计算；认为；C. acting行动；D.leaving离开；留下。根据该空后的“my father overheard me”可知，作者把自己的想法“说了(saying) ”出来。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励我，说我可以和他一起训练。A. admired钦佩；B. encouraged鼓励；C. pushed推动；D. convinced使相信。根据该空后的“I could train with him”可知，爸爸“鼓励(encouraged)”作者去体验并和他一起训练。故选B 。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义。句意：与爸爸一起训练结果证明是很有挑战性的。A. unbelievable难以置信的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. enjoyable快乐的；D. challenging有挑战性的。根据下一句 “We would get up early for a morning jog, or go for a swim in the pool after school. ”可知，结果证明，作者跟爸爸的训练是“有挑战性的(challenging)”。故选 D。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在几星期的训练以后，我报名参加了我的第一个铁人三项。A. learnt from向……学习；B. suffered from忍受；C. signed up for报名参加；D. dropped out of退学。根据下文“When someone fired the gun, I was off”可知，作者报名参加了铁人三项比赛。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在比赛前，我紧张地等待着信号。A.signal信号；B. announcement通告；C. result结果；D.permission允许。根据该空后的“When someone fired the gun”可知，比赛开始时，作者紧张地等待着信号。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当有人开枪，我就出发了，向着远方标志着我的变动的浮标游去。A.riding骑；乘；B.walking走；C.swimming游泳；D. dashing猛冲。根据下文“I finished the half-mile swim”可知，作者游向远处的浮标。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我完成了半英里的游泳，跑向我的自行车。A. bike自行车；B.horse马；C.destination目的地；D.coat外套。根据下文“Once on the bike”可知，作者参加铁人三项赛，先参加游泳项目，完成了游泳项目，然后骑自行车。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我全身湿淋淋的，努力骑上自行车。A. take off脱下；B. get on上（车）；C. take control of控制；D. put on张贴。根据该空后的“Once on my bike”可知，作者浑身湿淋淋的，努力骑上(get on)自行车。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动名词词义辨析。句意：我骑上自行车后，就体验到骑自行车所特有的一种兴奋。A. running跑；B. traveling旅行；C. cycling骑车；D. swimming游泳。根据该空前的“Once on my bike”可知，作者骑上自行车后，就感到了“骑自行车(cycling)”所特有的一种兴奋。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：我通过了过渡区，换上我的跑鞋。A.kick off开始；踢开；B. switched to换上；C. prepared for为……做准备；D. polished擦亮。根据该空后的“the run part”可知，作者“换上(switched to)”跑鞋，要参加跑步比赛。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词和名词短语辨析。句意：在铁人三项的跑步部分之初，我的腿已经感觉像水泥做得一般难以迈动。A. running tracks跑道；B. clothes衣服；C. running shoes跑鞋；D. legs腿。根据该空前的“the run part of the triathlon”和该空后的“like they were made of cement (水泥)”可知，作者最后进行的是跑步比赛，在此时作者感到的应该是他的“双腿(legs)”就像水泥做得一般难以迈动。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：对于我来说，真正的比赛是从跑步阶段开始的，因为现在我将每一名选手视为目标。A.because因为；B.although尽管；C. until直到；D. unless除非。根据该空前的“the real competition began during the run”和该空后的“target”可知，“对于我来说，真正的比赛是从跑步阶段开始的”与“现在我将每一名选手视为目标”，这两个分句之间构成因果关系，故填because，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论我在运动场上处于什么位置，每个参赛者不是跟随我就是被我所跟随。A. size大小；B. position位置；C. age年龄；D. career事业。根据该空后的“each racer was either following me or being followed”可知，在运动场上，不论作者身处哪个“位置(position)”，每个参赛者不是跟随作者就是被作者所跟随。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项比赛的跑步阶段归根结底就是忍耐痛苦。A. breathlessness呼吸急促；B. thirst口渴；C. stress压力；D. pain痛苦。根据空后的“tolerance”和““Shut up, legs”, one of my favorite sayings, kept me from thinking about the ___17___ feeling.”可知，作者认为铁人三项赛的跑步赛段归根到底就是忍耐“痛苦(pain)”。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“闭嘴，迈腿”，我最喜欢的名言之一，让我不去想这种极度的疼痛感。A.winning获得的；B. nervous紧张的；C. burning极度的；D.proud骄傲的。根据上文““Shut up, legs”, one of my favorite sayings, kept me from thinking about”可推断，作者在跑步阶段，靠自己钟爱的名言“闭嘴，迈腿”，让自己不去想身上那种极度的疼痛感。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我深吸了一口气，然后开始和其他的到达终点者庆祝。A.racers参赛者；B.finishers达到终点者；C. partners伙伴；同伴；D. classmates同学。根据该空后的“for all of us”可知，完成铁人三项赛后，作者与其他到达终点的选手们一起庆祝，一起分享完成比赛的成就感。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们所有人都有一种成就感。A. accomplishment成就；完成；B. guilt犯罪；过失；C. sorrow悲伤；D. participation 参加。根据上文“Then I crossed the finish line. I took a breath and then began a celebration with the other ___18___.”可知，作者和其他到达终点者一起庆祝成功，充满了成就感。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回望过去，我想起当日在蒙托克的那个小男孩，怀疑他是否能够像他的爸爸一样成功。A. join参加；B. move移动；C. prove证明；D.make使；让。根据下文“Now, that same boy is not only a huge fan, but also a training partner as well.”可推断，如今，还是这个男孩，他不但是铁人三项赛的铁杆粉丝，还是一位陪练。因此可知，当时怀疑自己是否会成功的小男孩成功了。make it“成功”。故选D。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Most people, at one time or another, have been on the receiving end of a random act of kindness — that moment when a complete stranger stops ___41___ (offer) aid, generosity or sympathy. In a sometimes callous (冷漠的) world where people can be so focused on ___42___ they’re doing, a random act of kindness can make ___43___ difference.
The city of Naples has long had a tradition ___44___ (call) “caffè sospeso”. When buying coffee, a person who has recently been ___45___ (luck) would purchase two cups but only drink one, leaving the second one anonymously, out of the goodness of their heart, for a poor person to claim for free. This tradition is now more common worldwide.
However, in some cases, these little acts can be a matter of life and death. Take, for example, the unnamed commuter, who in June 2018 ___46___ (fall) off a station platform onto an electric railway track in Toronto, Canada. A quick-thinking bystander selflessly leapt down to pull him to ___47___ (safe).
Or Jonny Benjamin, who in London in 2008 ___48___ (persuade) not to commit suicide by a passer-by. He had been considering ___49___ (jump) from a bridge. He later found the Good Samaritan and thanked him ____50____ his kindness. He may one day find a way to pay him back in kind — though that’s not the point.
So, why do it? Often, the acts aren’t reciprocated （回报）. The people never meet again. However, acts like these can “give our lives new purpose, show us other viewpoints on our own problems and even make us feel very happy and excited.”
【答案】41. to offer
42. what 43. a
44. called 45. lucky
46. fell 47. safety
48. was persuaded
49. jumping
50. for
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章说明了善举通常是意料之外的，但几乎从未被忽视过。并列举了一些世界各地人们受到他人善举的事件和传统。
【41题详解】
考查不定式。句意：大多数人，曾经都接受过随意的善举——那个时刻，一个完全的陌生人停下来提供帮助、慷慨或同情。stop to do sth.“停下来做某事”，根据句意，空格处用不定式做目的状语，故填to offer。
【42题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：在一个人们可能非常专注于他们做的有时很无情的世界里，一个随意的善举可能会有很大的影响。分析句子可知，空格处引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语，从句中缺少do的宾语，表示“……的（事情）”，用what引导宾语从句，故填what。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在一个人们可能非常专注于他们做的有时很无情的世界里，一个随意的善举可能会有很大的影响。make a difference“有作用；有影响”是固定短语，故填a。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：那不勒斯市长期以来一直有一个被称为“悬浮咖啡”的传统。分析句子可知，call此处用非谓语动词形式作定语，修饰tradition，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填called。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在买咖啡的时候，一个最近幸运的人会买两杯，但只喝一杯，匿名留下第二杯，出于他们的善意，让一个穷人免费索取。分析句子可知，设空处在从句中接在be动词之后作表语，故填lucky。
【46题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：以这位未知名的通勤者为例，在2018年6月，在加拿大多伦多他从站台上掉到了一条电动铁路轨道上。分析句子可知，fall是who引导的定语从句的谓语动词，由时间状语“in June 2018”可知，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，who指代the unnamed commuter，与fall是主动关系，故填fell。
【47题详解】
考查名词。句意：一个思维敏捷的旁观者无私地跳下去把他拉到安全的地方。to是介词，接名词作宾语，故填safety。
【48题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：乔尼·本杰明， 2008年他在伦敦被一个路人说服不要自杀。分析句子可知，persuade是who引导的定语从句的谓语动词，关系词who作主语，故从句谓语动词与先行词保持人称和数的一致，先行词是Jonny Benjamin，是第三人称单数，故从句谓语动词用第三人称单数，Jonny Benjamin与persuade是被动关系，用被动语态，且由“in 2008”可知，用一般过去时，故填was persuaded。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他一直在考虑从桥上跳下去。consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”，用动名词作宾语，故填jumping。
【50题详解】
考查介词。句意：后来，他找到了那个心地善良乐于助人的人，并感谢了他的好意。thank sb. for sth.“因为某事感谢某人”，是常用搭配，故填for。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Thank you for your letter, what really made me very happy. Now let me tell you something about the transportation progresses in China. Over the past few decades we have developed an amazed network of public transportation. Besides, we have decided to make efforts make it even better. I am sure they will satisfy people’s needs for traveling everywhere more convenient. People usually chose the means of transportation based with some aspects, such as the cost and the time needed. For example, businessmen are more likely to travel by plane or by the high-speed train to save time while office workers tend to take buses and drive to work themselves.
【答案】1.what→which
2.progresses→progress
3.amazed→amazing
4.efforts后添加to
5.they→it
6.convenient→conveniently
7.chose→choose
8.with→on
9.去掉the
10.and→or
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国交通的发展情况，中国在过去的几十年里已经发展了一个惊人的公共交通网络。
【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：谢谢你的来信，真的让我很开心。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导；what不能引导定语从句。故what改为which。
2.考查名词。句意：现在让我给你们介绍一下中国交通的发展情况。progress为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故progresses改为progress。
3.考查形容词。句意：在过去的几十年里，我们已经发展了一个惊人的公共交通网络。修饰后文名词network应用-ing结尾形容词amazing，作定语，意为“令人震惊的”。故amazed改为amazing。
4.考查固定短语。句意：此外，我们已经决定努力使它更好。结合句意表示“努力做某事”可知短语为make efforts to do sth.。故efforts后添加to。
5.考查代词。句意：我相信它会更方便地满足人们到处旅行的需求。此处指代上文an amazing network of public transportation，应用代词it。故they改为it。
6.考查副词。句意：我相信它会更方便地满足人们到处旅行的需求。修饰动词satisfy应用副词conveniently，作状语。故convenient改为conveniently。
7.考查动词时态。句意：人们通常会根据成本和时间等因素来选择交通方式。根据上文usually可知表示经常习惯性的动作应用一般现在时，主语为people，谓语动词用原形。故chose改为choose。
8.考查介词。句意：人们通常会根据成本和时间等因素来选择交通方式。根据句意表示“根据”短语为be based on，应用介词on。故with改为on。
9.考查固定短语。句意：例如，商人更有可能乘坐飞机或高速火车旅行以节省时间，而办公室职员倾向于乘坐公共汽车或自己开车上班。此处为“by+交通方式”，中间不需要冠词。故去掉the。
10.考查连词。句意：例如，商人更有可能乘坐飞机或高速火车旅行以节省时间，而办公室职员倾向于乘坐公共汽车或自己开车上班。根据句意可知，“乘坐公共汽车”和“自己开车上班”为二选其一的关系，表选择关系应用连词or。故and改为or。
第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分25分）
52. 最近，某中学生英文报正在举办主题为“Cellphones on Campus”的征文活动。假定你是攀枝花中学高三学生李华，请你向该报社投稿。主要内容如下：
1. 你校学生使用手机的情况；
2. 学生在校内使用手机的利弊；
3. 你自己的观点。
注意：1.词数：100词左右；
2. 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Nowadays mobile phones are becoming more and more popular among the middle school students．Many of the students in our school come to school with phones secretly.
Every coin has two sides. As we know, the 21st century is a modern age and full of information．A mobile phone is one of the quickest tools for us to exchange information．The mobile phone is a fashionable and useful invention, which we ought to make the best use of．Supposing there's a sudden accident, it is more convenient for us to dial for help immediately．There're also some games in the mobile phone．We can relax ourselves by playing them once in a while．On the other hand, we may waste much time. If it rings in class both our teachers and classmates will be distracted.. What's worse, because many students try to buy more expensive mobile phones, they add pressure to their families.
In my opinion, we can bring mobile phones to school. It's not wrong to follow the fashion, but the most important thing is how to use the mobile phone in a right way．
Yours truly,
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给向中学生英文报举办的“Cellphones on Campus”的征文投稿。主要内容如下：
1. 你校学生使用手机的情况；
2. 学生在校内使用手机的利弊；
3. 你自己的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
时代：time→age
利用：use→make the best of/take advantage of
干扰：bother/disturb→distract
偶尔：sometimes→once in a while/occasionally
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The mobile phone is a fashionable and useful invention, so we ought to make the best use of it.
拓展句：The mobile phone is a fashionable and useful invention, which we ought to make the best use of．
【点睛】[高分句型1] The mobile phone is a fashionable and useful invention, which we ought to make the best use of． (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] It's not wrong to follow the fashion, but the most important thing is how to use the mobile phone in a right way．(动词不定式的复合结构作表语)
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