英语-2021年高考高三5月大联考（新课标Ⅰ卷）含答案解析

这是一份英语-2021年高考高三5月大联考（新课标Ⅰ卷）含答案解析，共12页。试卷主要包含了 15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

绝密★启用前
2021年高三5月大联考（新课标I卷）
英 语
本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19. 15. B. £ 9. 18. C. £ 9. 15.
答案是 C。
1. What is Jim doing now?
A. Cooking. B. Watching TV. C. Reviewing his lessons.
2. What does the woman want to do?
A. Drive away her car. B. Park her car nearby. C. Buy a red car.
3. How much does the woman want for the watch?
A. $200. B. $150. C. $50.
4. Where was the man going when he fell off the bike?
A. To the supermarket. B. To the bank. C. To the hospital.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Peter’s health. B. Peter’s school life. C. Peter’s age.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How many days does the man work in a week?
A. 5 days. B. 6 days. C. 7 days.
7. Who is the girl?
A. A passenger. B. The man’s colleague. C. The man’s daughter.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What did Sandra do last night?
A. She repaired her phone. B. She called up Michael. C. She learnt to paint.
9. What did Sandra and Peter agree to do on Sunday?
A. Play tennis. B. Visit London. C. Go to the dentist.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What color does the woman like best?
A. Black. B. White. C. Red.
11. What will the speakers do this evening?
A. Attend a party. B. Go shopping. C. Do some cleaning.
12. What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Salesman and customer.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does the woman suggest doing first?
A. Seeing a film. B. Visiting James. C. Going climbing.
14. What will the man finish before calling James?
A. A journal. B. A report. C. An essay.
15. How will the speakers go to the new park?
A. By taxi. B. By bike. C. By bus.
16. Where will the speakers meet on Saturday morning?
A. In a supermarket. B. Near their school. C. At the West Mountain.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When does the class finish?
A. At 5:00 p.m. B. At 5:30 p.m. C. At 6:00 p.m.
18. How often do the students take Lindsay Black’s class in a week?
A. Twice. B. Three times. C. Four times.
19. What does the speaker ask the students to do?
A. Photocopy her lessons. B. Visit the school website. C. Buy the student’s book.
20. What do we know about the speaker?
A. She’s ambitious. B. She’s strict. C. She’s humorous.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
To help you plan your trip, here are my favorite hotels in Chicago.
Freehand Chicago
It’s housed in a historic building from 1927. Its design with tons of character of its own attracts tourists greatly. Freehand is worth the price if you feel like treating yourself. The common areas are laid back. Like other hotels mentioned here, it’s located in the center of the city.
●Female-only dorms for added privacy and security
●Bed for $45 USD a night, room for $173.
Wrigley Hotel
It’s for any traveler looking to enjoy the city’s nightlife. There’s an outdoor place with a BBQ, where you can grill burgers with friends, and the hotel organizes paid walking tours. Here it’s easy to learn about the local culture from friendly locals and it offers many latest books, too. The staff are awesome.
●Free breakfast
●Bed for $36 USD a night, room for $141.
HI Chicago
HI Hotels know exactly what the travelers whose money is tight want: affordable accommodations. HI Chicago is no exception. It organizes a free walking tour, the common areas are spacious, and there’s a fully equipped kitchen. It offers free breakfast.
●Social atmosphere makes it easy to meet local people
●Bed for $32 USD a night, room for $85.
Parthenon Hotel
It has a large common room with a huge TV and lots of books. The staff can help you organize tours, and there’s free breakfast. The dorms aren’t huge, and the beds aren’t anything special, but they’re clean and safe. It has all the makings of your classic backpacker hotel.
●Female-only dorms for added privacy and security
●Bed for $34 USD a night, room for $90.
21. What is special about Freehand Chicago?
A. It has the oldest history of the four. B. It lies in the center of Chicago.
C. It only caters to female travelers. D. It is uniquely designed.
22. What activity can you attend if you stay in Wrigley Hotel?
A. A barbecue party. B. A reading discussion.
C. A free walking tour. D. A fellowship party with locals.
23. Which hotel is the most suitable for those who travel on a budget?
A. Parthenon Hotel. B. Wrigley Hotel. C. HI Chicago. D. Freehand Chicago.
B
21-year-old Jasmine Harrison completed the 2020 Talisker Whisky Atlantic Challenge in 70 days, 3 hours and 48 minutes — a new world record for the youngest female to row alone across the Atlantic.
Harrison, who’s from North Yorkshire, England, didn’t have loads of experience in rowing long distances. In her childhood, she could not even dream of such an ambition. She’d only gotten the idea three years earlier when she happened to be in Antigua, teaching swimming, and saw the end of the 2017 Talisker Whisky Atlantic Challenge. “Talking to a family member of a young man that had just completed it, I got to know just how amazing a thing it was. I didn’t say ‘not a chance I would do that,’ but it was more a fact of why not do it?” she said.
Every day, Harrison would row for about 12 hours, pushing her 550-pound boat she bought with some money across the ocean, covering roughly 90 kilometers. The journey left her with much time all by herself, which she said she enjoyed. But things got a little harder after her speaker fell in the water and she could no longer listen to her music.
She had other company along the way. She saw lots of sea life, including several whales. One even rose out of the ocean right next to her boat. “I’m in their environment,” she said. “It’s just amazing.”
Twice, her boat was turned over in the night by large waves. The second time, she hurt her arm quite badly. Another time, she nearly ran into a ship. When her food ran out, she lived on cookies and chocolate. In the face of great hardship and loneliness, she kept going.
On February 20, 2021, she reached the island of Antigua — the end of the journey. She celebrated her arrival with a burger and fries.
24. What made Harrison participate in the 2020 Talisker Whisky Atlantic Challenge?
A. Her childhood hobby and dream. B. Her experience of watching a race.
C. Her swimming teaching experience. D. Her family members’ encouragement.
25. Which of the following best describes Harrison’s ocean trip?
A. Adventurous.            B. Pleasant.                    C. Boring.              D. Expensive.
26. When did Harrison begin rowing across the Atlantic Ocean alone?
A. In November. B. In December. C. In January. D. In February.
27. What can we learn from Harrison’s story?
A. The early bird catches the worm.
B. Difficulties strengthen the mind.
C. Behind bad luck comes good luck.
D. No way is impossible to courage.
C
Many black-footed ferrets(雪貂) once lived in the American West. They live mainly on the prairie dogs(土拨鼠). But when farmers began killing off prairie dogs, lots of them died, too. Additionally, the environment in which they lived was destroyed. By the 1970s, most experts believed that black-footed ferrets no longer existed. Then, in 1981, a group of them were found in Wyoming, but they were suddenly hit by an unknown disease in the mid-1980s, and their population decreased to just 18. The US Fish and Wildlife Service(USFWS) caught all of them and tried to protect them. All but seven died.
Currently, there’re between 400 and 500 ferrets remaining. But all of them are related to the seven animals rescued from Wyoming except Elizabeth Ann.
Normally, the DNA of the animals gets mixed up when different pairs of animals have babies. The small differences in their DNA can help protect the group as a whole. Because all living black-footed ferrets are closely related, they all have similar weaknesses. But Elizabeth Ann is cloned from an animal that died in the 1980s, so her DNA is very different. When this DNA is mixed back in, future black-footed ferrets will be healthier in general.
In the 1980s, the DNA from a ferret named Willa was stored in the “Frozen Zoo” run by San Diego Zoo Global. Hopefully, cloning would allow black-footed ferrets to return to the wild. The idea of cloning was understood, but it was hard to carry out for many animals. The matter was left hanging in the air. But in 1996, a scientist cloned a sheep, called “Dolly”. Since then, many other animals have also been cloned. The USFWS has been talking about cloning black-footed ferrets since 2013. In 2018, they finally gave a group called Revive & Restore permission to try it.
On December 10, 2020, Elizabeth Ann was born. Blood tests have proven her to be 100% black-footed ferret.
28. What was the main cause of black-footed ferrets’ almost dying out by the 1970s?
A. They were short of food. B. They were killed by farmers.
C. They lost their living places. D. They suffered from a bad disease.
29. What does Paragraph 3 focus on about cloning Elizabeth Ann?
A. The effective method. B. The great significance.
C. The different types. D. The potential risk.
30. What does the underlined phrase “hanging in the air” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Unexpected. B. Unconcerned. C. Unresolved. D. Unexposed.
31. What is the passage mainly about?
A. A new cloning age is coming.
B. An endangered species survived by cloning.
C. The research of ferrets’ DNA was conducted.
D. The truth of the extinction of the ferrets was revealed.
D
Hikers, soldiers and school children all know the burden of a heavy backpack. But now, researchers from three Chinese institutes have developed a prototype(雏形) that not only makes loads feel about 20% lighter, but also harvests energy from human movements to power small electronics.
The new backpack, reported in ACS Nano, could be especially useful for athletes, explorers and disaster rescuers who work in remote areas without electricity, the researchers say.
Backpacks are widely used in everyday life for the hands-free carrying of loads. Over time, however, walking or running with a heavy bag can cause back and neck pain. Also, backpackers in wilderness areas or even those in cities who don’t have ready access to a charger might wish for a bag that could harvest the mechanical energy of walking to power portable electronics or health-monitoring sensors.
Previously, researchers have used triboelectric nanogenerators(TENG) –– small devices that convert mechanical energy into electricity –– to make energy-harvesting backpacks, but those bags had relatively low power outputs and they didn’t provide added benefits, such as load lightening or shock absorption. Zhong Lin Wang, Jia Cheng and their colleagues wanted to design a prototype that overcame these limitations.
To save labor and absorb shock, the researchers installed two elastomers(弹性体) into the backpack that stretched and shrank, keeping the bag steady as the wearer walked. This resulted in about a 20% reduced force on the wearer. Meanwhile, the movement between the frame of the backpack and its load during walking drove a TENG to convert mechanical energy into electricity, with 14% efficiency.
“The researchers showed that the bag could power LEDs, an electric watch and fluorescent tubes. Once some challenges, such as improving the energy conversion efficiency, are overcome, the backpack has promising potential as a power source for small-scale wearable and portable electronics, GPSs and health care sensors,” the researchers say.
32.Who will be the most probable users of the new backpack?
A. Doctors in the hospital. B. Workers in the factory.
C. Researchers in the science lab. D. People traveling to unknown places.
33. What is the function of Paragraph 4?
A. Provide some background information.
B. Make comments about the new invention.
C. List the disadvantages of the new backpack.
D. Compare TENG and the new backpack.
34. Which makes it easier for wearers to carry the backpack?
A. TENG. B. Two elastomers.
C. Fluorescent tubes. D. Health care sensors.
35. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. The new backpack could hit the market soon.
B. The new backpack needs further improvement.
C. Consumers are in need of chargeable backpacks.
D. The researchers have difficulty meeting challenges.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Our chronotype(生理时钟) is how our body reacts to the time of a day. It determines whether we’re early birds or night owls. 36
▲ Morning people are the early birds. They are awake and operate at peak efficiency in the morning, but usually they can’t stay up for the late news. 
▲ Day people sleep a little later and are the most effective in the afternoon. 
▲ Night owls sleep as late as possible and are up well past nightfall, into the early hours of the morning.

37 Babies and young children are typically early risers. Adolescents are more likely day chronotypes. Teens and young adults are definitely night owls, sleeping as late as possible and staying up late. As we grow older, we switch back toward day or morning people.
Our reaction to each of day parts is driven by our internal(内部的) clock. A person’s internal clock is usually a 24-hour clock and it’s tied to earth’s 24-hour cycle of day and night. Some people’s cycle is a little shorter, so they are usually early birds. 38
Our bodies really want us to follow the natural rhythms of the earth’s rotation(旋转), wake up when it’s light and go to bed when it’s dark. 39 People with overnight shifts can have problems adjusting. It can be done, but changes need to be gradual.
There are old sayings “The early bird catches the worm.” and “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.” 40 That doesn’t mean being a night owl is bad for you, but it takes extra effort to stay healthy when your body wants to sleep in and stay up late.
A. Some with a longer cycle are the night owls.
B. But there are no such proverbs about night owls.
C. There are typically three chronotypes: morning, day, and night.
D. Sometimes, for one reason or another, we don’t follow these rhythms.
E. Our chronotypes change throughout our lives as our body chemistry changes.
F. Most of us have some degree of sleep preference for late nights or early mornings.
G. Night owls are able to stay more focused as the day goes on, compared with early risers.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ethan comes from Birmingham, Alabama. He is one of those people who seem to have been born with 41 beyond his years. He’s only 10 years old, 42 he has already done more to help 43 people than many of us ever will. For the past four years, he’s 44 a program called “Bags4Blessings”, which provides much-needed 45 to anyone living on the streets.
Later Ethan 46 his own organization “Ethan’s Heart” after meeting a local homeless man on his way to 47 to attend a lecture one day. They began chatting and 48 developed a friendship.
“His name is Mr. Marcus,” Ethan said. “He’s a very nice man. He 49 under the bridge. It’s starting to get 50 , so I was 51 on the Internet to see if there’s anything I can do to help them and what they need to 52 in winter.”
When Ethan didn’t get the 53 he was looking for, he decided to be the help 54 .
Since then, Ethan has 55 all his free time to putting together care packages and 56 them to his local homeless community.
Ethan’s Heart collects money along with everyday 57 ranging from bread to toilet paper. He also routinely hands out 58 clothes and sleeping bags during the cold winter months.
Perhaps the most 59 part of his charitable work is that he doesn’t do any of it for praise or recognition. He 60 wants to help — and to encourage others to get involved!
41. A. courage B. disease C. wisdom D. trick
42. A. but B. and C. so D. or
43. A. kind B. old C. sick D. homeless
44. A. joined B. supported C. continued D. evaluated
45. A. life B. adventures  C. supplies D. experience
46. A. founded B. improved C. designed D. abandoned
47. A. hospital B. cinema C. office D. school
48. A. secretly B. quickly C. obviously D. surprisingly
49. A. shelters B. works C. lives D. waits
50. A. cold B. dry C. hot D. cloudy
51. A. talking B. checking C. interviewing D. searching
52. A. recover B. survive C. adapt D. change
53. A. partner B. instruction C. resources D. medicine
54. A. instead B. already C. even D. forever
55. A. spent B. applied C. invested D. devoted
56. A. selling B. delivering C. showing D. reporting
57. A. harvests B. food C. essentials D. clothes
58. A. warm B. expensive C. old D. fashionable
59. A. important B. interesting C. amazing D. impressive
60. A. nearly B. simply C. hardly D. specially
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s Chang’e 5 lunar capsule returned to Earth on the morning of Thursday after 61 (cover) some 230,000 miles. It carried more than four pounds of the first fresh samples of moon rocks.
The Chang’e 5 probe 62 (set) off for the moon on November 24 and landed in the Siziwang district of the Inner Mongolia region on December 17. The safe return of the lunar capsule marks a groundbreaking mission for China’s space 63 (explore) program. It made China just the 64 (three) country to explore the moon’s surface, after the U.S. and the former Soviet Union. It was also the first country 65 (do) so since 1976, when the former Soviet Union’s Luna 24 spacecraft returned from the moon.
The samples returned in this latest mission will provide 66 youngest moon rocks and debris ever examined. Samples from the U.S. and the former Soviet Union missions are 67 (many) than three billion years old, scientists say. According to China National Space Administration, China intends to share its findings 68 the global scientific community.
The mission zeroed in on（瞄准） landing in the Oceanus Procellarum, or Ocean of Storms, near a location called the Mons Rümker. This area 69 (believe) to be volcanic many years ago, and thus may have much younger rocks to pull from.
Wu Yanhua, deputy director of China National Space Administration, said the soil samples 70 were collected with this mission will also be used for further research and museum exhibition.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I attended my friend Sally’s birthday party on last Saturday. I was attracted by the great arrangement of her living room where was well decorated with colored balloons and flash lights. She uses beautiful wall paper to cover the walls and the ceiling of the room. On the left there was a large table with very nice cloth, on which there were different kind of biscuits and sweets. On the right was two large sofas and some armchairs where some guests were chatting warm. When another friend and I were preparing a birthday cake for him, some guests were dancing and singing. Happy tunes were played, create an exciting atmosphere. All of us felt relaxing.
第二节　书面表达（满分25分）
你校英语报正在以“One of My Good Deeds”为题开展征文活动。请你写篇短文，向报社投稿，内容包括：
1. 具体事例；
2. 你的感受。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 题目已为你写好。
One of My Good Deeds
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2021年高三5月大联考（新课标I卷）
英语·全解全析
1
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第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
1—5 CBAAC 6—10 BABAC 11—15 ABABC 16—20 BCACB
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
【语篇导读】本文属于应用文。作者介绍了自己喜爱的四个芝加哥旅馆的相关信息。
21. D【解析】细节理解题。根据Freehand Chicago中的“Its design with tons of character of its own attracts tourists greatly.”信息可知，这家宾馆的设计个性十足。故选D。
22. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据Wrigley Hotel中的“There’s an outdoor place with a BBQ, where you can grill burgers with friends”信息可知，在这家旅馆可以举办烧烤聚会。故选A。
23. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据HI Chicago中的“HI Hotels know exactly what the travelers whose money is tight want: affordable accommodations. HI Chicago is no exception.”以及该旅馆的床和房间的最低价位的信息可知，HI Chicago的收费最低。故选C。
B
【语篇导读】本文属于记叙文。21岁的英国人贾斯敏·哈里森(Jasmine Harrison)完成了横渡大西洋挑战赛，成为最年轻的独自横渡大西洋的女性。
24. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She’d only gotten the idea three years earlier when she happened to be in Antigua, teaching swimming, and saw the end of the 2017 Talisker Whisky Atlantic Challenge.”可知，三年前，哈里森在安提瓜岛(Antigua)教游泳的时候，看了2017年泰斯卡威士忌大西洋挑战赛(Talisker Whisky Atlantic Challenge)后，才有了参加该比赛的想法。故选B。
25. A【解析】推理判断题。文章提到她的船两次在夜里被巨浪掀翻，她的胳膊受了重伤。还有一次，她差点撞上一艘船。当她的食物用光时，她靠饼干和巧克力过活。说明她的这次海上行程有冒险性。选A。
26. B【解析】细节理解题。第一段谈到21岁的贾斯敏·哈里森以70天3小时48分钟的时间完成了2020年泰斯卡威士忌大西洋挑战赛。最后一段谈到2021年2月20日，她到达了安提瓜岛——旅程的终点。由此说明她最有可能是在2020年12月份开始出发的。故选B。
27. D【解析】推理判断题。本文主要讲述了21岁的贾斯敏·哈里森克服重重困难，完成了横渡大西洋挑战赛，创造了一项新的世界纪录，成为独自横渡大西洋的最年轻女性。要做到这一点，勇气是必不可少的，因此D项“勇者无惧”最符合文意。故选D。
C
【语篇导读】本文属于说明文。科学家利用一只死于30多年前的黑足雪貂的DNA，克隆出了一只健康的黑足雪貂伊丽莎白·安。他们希望通过克隆提高这些濒危雪貂的生存机会。
28. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They live mainly on the prairie dogs(土拨鼠). But when farmers began killing off prairie dogs, lots of them died, too.”可知，由于大量的土拨鼠被杀，黑足雪貂失去了食物来源而死亡。故选A。
29. B【解析】段落大意题。第三段主要在谈因为所有现存的黑足雪貂都是近亲，所以它们都有相似的缺陷。但是伊丽莎白·安是从一只死于20世纪80年代的雪貂的DNA克隆而来的，所以她的DNA与现存雪貂的DNA非常不同。当她的DNA与现存黑足雪貂的DNA融合后，未来的黑足雪貂总体上会更健康。由此推知，本段主要在谈克隆伊丽莎白·安的意义所在。
30. C 【解析】词义猜测题。此处是说，这件事情悬而未决。hanging in the air可以理解为“未解决的”。故选C。
31. B 【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了美国濒危物种黑足雪貂是如何通过克隆技术存活了下来的。故选B。
D
【语篇导读】来自外国的研究人员在《ACS Nano》杂志中发表论文，介绍他们研制的一种新型的“减负”背包。它不仅能让用户省力20%，还能从人类活动过程中收集能量，为小型电子产品供电。
32. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，这种背包对于那些在没有电力供应的偏远地区工作的运动员、探险者和灾难救援人员来说可能特别有用。
33. A【解析】推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，作者先陈述了一项研究成果：“减负”背包原型机。减负背包可从步行动作中获取能量，为小型电子设备供电，并且会让用户感觉负载变轻。接着讲述这种背包的工作原理，第四段提供了相关的背景知识，即前人所做的类似的研究和存在的局限性。
34. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段可知，为了节省劳动力和减震，研究人员在背包中加入了两根弹性体，它们可以拉伸和收缩，使背包在行走时保持稳定。这使得背包者承受的力减少了约20%。
35. B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，研究人员说，这种背包可以为LED灯、电子手表和荧光灯管供电。一旦克服了一些挑战，比如提高能量转换效率，背包就有希望能为小型可穿戴和便携式电子产品、GPS和医疗传感器提供电源。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
【语篇导读】本文介绍了三种不同生物钟类型的人以及他们的生活习惯和特点。
36. C 【解析】考查过渡语。下文介绍人们分为三种类型：早起型、白天型和夜晚型。因此本句应填C，起到承上启下的作用。
37. E 【解析】考查主题句。 本段讲述我们的生理时钟随着人生阶段的不同而发生变化。因此本空填E，提纲挈领，概括了全段的大意。
38. A 【解析】考查行文逻辑。本空填A，与前句形成对比关系。前句讲述早起型的人的特点，本句陈述晚睡型的人的特点。
39. D 【解析】考查行文逻辑。本空上句说，我们的身体希望我们遵循地球的自然节奏，天亮起床，天黑睡觉；而本空下句说上夜班的人很难遵循。故推断此处选D项，因为某种原因，我们不遵循这些规律。且D选项中的rhythms与上句中的the natural rhythms相呼应，故填D。
40. B【解析】考查行文逻辑。本句是过渡句。前面出现两个谚语讲述了早起的好处。本空填B，意为“但是却没有关于夜猫子的谚语”，在上下文中起到转折过渡的作用，把话题转向对晚睡型的人的陈述。句中的代词That代替挖空处所填的句子。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
【语篇导读】本文讲述年仅十岁的Ethan成立了一个公益机构，为无家可归的人们提供帮助的故事。
41. C【解析】根据下文可知，年仅十岁的Ethan成立了一个公益机构，为无家可归的人募捐，还为他们提供棉衣和睡袋，帮他们度过寒冷的冬季，因此可推断他天生具有超乎年龄的智慧（wisdom）。
42. A【解析】前后句之间为转折关系，因此本空填连词but“但是”。
43. D【解析】根据下文可知，他致力于帮助无家可归的(homeless)人。
44. B【解析】在过去几年中，他一直支持（supported）一个名为Bags4Blessings的项目，为流浪者提供帮助。
45. C【解析】这个项目为流浪者提供急需的物资（supplies）。
46. A【解析】此处是说，后来Ethan创建（founded）了一个名叫Ethan’s Heart的组织。
47. D【解析】他在上学（school）的路上遇到一个无家可归的人，进行交谈后，Ethan创办了一个自己的公益机构。
48. B【解析】他们开始交流，很快（quickly）成了朋友。
49. C【解析】因为他是无家可归的人，因此他住在（lives）桥下。
50. A【解析】根据下文中的in winter可推测，本句说天气转冷（cold）。
51. D【解析】我上网搜（searching）看看是否能做些什么来帮助他们。
52. B【解析】并且看看他们需要什么东西才能活过（survive）冬季。
53. C【解析】当Ethan 在网络上没有找到他要找的资源（resources），他决定自己提供帮助。
54. A【解析】当Ethan 在网络上没有找到他找的资源，他决定自己提供帮助。instead意为“代替，反而”。
55. D【解析】自从那时，Ethan就用他所有的业余时间来组合护理包，然后送给那些无家可归的人。devote…to…意为“把……奉献给……”。
56. B【解析】自从那时，Ethan就用他所有的业余时间来组合护理包，然后送给那些无家可归的人。deliver…to…意为“把……递送到……”。
57. C【解析】他的公益机构“Ethan’s Heart”募集钱和日常必需品（essentials），从面包到手纸，一应俱全。
58. A【解析】在寒冷的冬季，他还定期给无家可归的人分发厚（warm）衣服和睡袋。
59. D【解析】或许他做慈善事业最让人印象深刻的一点是，他不是为了得到表扬或认可。impressive意为“令人以深刻印象的”。
60. B【解析】他只是（simply）想帮助别人，并鼓励其他人参与！
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
【语篇导读】本文讲述了我国的嫦娥五号月球探测器完成了首次月球采样任务后，顺利返回的情况。
61. covering【解析】考查非谓语动词。介词after后接动名词形式作宾语，故填covering。
62. set【解析】考查时态。根据句中的时间状语on November 24th及and连接的并列谓语动词landed可知，本句应用一般过去时，故填set。
63. exploration【解析】考查词性转换。本空在名词program之前，应填名词exploration作定语。
64. third【解析】考查词性转换。本空在定冠词the之后，应填序数词third，表示“第三”。
65. to do【解析】考查非谓语动词。本空在短语the first country之后，由于名词前有序数词修饰，所以应用动词不定式作定语。
66. the【解析】考查冠词。本空在形容词最高级youngest之前，应填冠词the。
67. more【解析】考查形容词的比较等级。根据空后than可知这里要用比较级，故填more。
68. with【解析】考查介词。share sth. with sb.意为“与某人分享某物”，为固定短语。
69. was believed【解析】考查动词的时态语、态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，本句应用被动语态，且由句中的时间状语many years ago可知，句子应用一般过去时，故填was believed。
70. that/which【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句含有一个定语从句，先行词为soil samples， 故本空应填关系代词that/which，that/which在定语从句中作主语。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
I attended my friend Sally’s birthday party last Saturday. I was attracted by the great arrangement of her living room was well decorated with colored balloons and flash lights. She beautiful wall paper to cover the walls and the ceiling of the room. On the left there was a large table with very nice cloth, on which there were different of biscuits and sweets. On the right two large sofas and some armchairs where some guests were chatting . When another friend and I were preparing a birthday cake for , some guests were dancing and singing. Happy tunes were played, an exciting atmosphere. All of us felt .
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
【参考范文】
One of My Good Deeds
I’m happy to share one of my good deeds which I did recently.
Last Saturday morning, I was walking to the city library when I saw a middle-aged woman falling off her bicycle on the road. Her leg was so badly injured that she couldn’t stand up. Immediately, I helped her to the sidewalk to avoid another accident. Then I called 120. Soon, an ambulance arrived and took her to the hospital. Before leaving, the woman said, “Thank you. How kind you are!”
Nowadays, many people are afraid to help someone who has fallen down for fear of being wronged. But I think saving lives comes first. As long as we all keep doing good deeds, our society will be full of positive energy.

书面表达评分标准：
第五档(很好)：(21—25分)
1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。
2.覆盖所有内容要点。
3.应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。
4.语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。
5.有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
6.完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第四档(好)：(16—20分)
1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。
2.虽漏掉一个或两个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。
3.应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
4.语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。
5.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
6.达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档(适当)：(11—15分)
1.基本完成了试题规定的任务。
2.虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。
3.应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
4.有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。
5.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。
6.整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档(较差)：(6—10分)
1.未恰当完成试题规定的任务。
2.漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。
3.语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。
4.有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。
5.较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。
6.信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
第一档(差)：(1—5分)
1.未完成试题规定的任务。
2.明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。
3.语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。
4.较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。
5.缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。
6.信息未能传达给读者。
不得分：(0分)
注：词数超过120或少于80减1分。
听力原文
Example:
M: Excuse me, can you tell me how much the shirt is?
W: Yes, it’s nine fifteen.
Text 1
W: Hey, Jim. We have run out of salt. Please buy me some at the shop downstairs.
M: Oh, Mum. I’m preparing for tomorrow’s English test. Maybe Jane is free. She’s watching TV in her bedroom.
Text 2
W: My husband and I come to see our parents this evening. Their house is near. You see the red one? It’s theirs.
M: Sorry, but you’ll have to drive your car away. You cannot park the car here.
Text 3
M: Is $150 enough for the watch?
W: I’m afraid not. 50 more dollars should be given.
Text 4
W: Hi, Buzz. Oh, you’re injured. What happened?
M: After withdrawing some money in the bank, I was going to the supermarket to buy something for Marley when I fell off my bike. You know, she is in hospital these days.
Text 5
M: How’s Peter doing?
W: Oh, he’s fine. He just had a birthday, and...
M: How old is he, nine?
W: Yeah. He just turned nine.
Text 6
W: Excuse me, Sir. Can I ask you a question?
M: Yes, please. What is it?
W: How many times do you take the plane every week?
M: Well, I take it every day except on Sunday in a week.
W: Really? So you pay for tickets each time. Are you very rich?
M: Oh, no, little girl. Actually, that’s my job. They pay me for that.
W: How lucky you are! Oh, my mum is coming. We are going to the security check over there. Bye.
Text 7
M: Hi, Sandra. It’s Peter.
W: Hi, Peter. What a surprise! I was waiting for you to call last night.
M: Last night? I did. I called you five times. But the line was busy all the time.
W: Oh, yes. I’m sorry about that. I was talking with my brother Michael on the phone. He is learning to paint in London.
M: Oh, well, never mind. Is Sunday still OK for playing tennis?
W: Yes. Why not?
M: Great! How about ten o’clock in the morning?
W: Well. But let’s put it off until 3 pm. I have an appointment with my dentist at 9:30 on Sunday morning.
M: Got it.
Text 8
M: Do you like those pants?
W: Which ones?
M: The black ones.
W: But I don’t like the color.
M: What about that dress?
W: Which one?
M: The red one on the left, and the color is your favorite.
W: That one! Oh, I love it. But it’s expensive. The white one is fine, too. The price and the color are OK with me.
M: Don’t worry about the money. I got a raise in pay last week. It’s hard for you to take care of our children at home. You deserve your best clothes. What’s more, you need a new dress for tonight’s party.
W: Well, then take it. Oh, be quick! It’s almost 3 o’clock. I need to go home and clean up the house.
Text 9
M: Hi there. We’ve been busy all these days. Shall we go somewhere this weekend?
W: Sure, where shall we go then?
M: I really don’t know. Do you have any ideas?
W: Why don’t we go to the movies?
M: I’d rather not go. I don’t like movies.
W: I know there’s a new park where there is a special barbecue area for visitors.
M: Where is it?
W: It’s not far from the West Mountain. So I suggest we go there for a picnic. We can call up James, inviting him to join us because he’s fond of such activities.
M: That’s a good idea for me. I’ll call him after finishing the report about the meeting held yesterday. See it? I’m almost finishing it. By the way, how will we go there, take a taxi or take our bikes?
W: Neither. The No. 39 bus takes us straight there. Let’s meet at 9:00 am on Saturday at the station near our school since it’s convenient for both of us to get there.
M: What food do you think we should take with us?
W: What about taking some chicken and some fruits?
M: I go along with it. I’ll buy them in the supermarket after work.
W: OK. See you then.
Text 10
W：
Hello, everyone! It’s nice to see you all here. Welcome to British Life and Language. I am your teacher. My name is Lindsay Black. That’s L-I-N-D-S-A-Y Black. Before we begin, here is some information about the class.
We have class on Monday and Wednesday every week. Our class begins at 4:30 p.m. and lasts 90 minutes. Also, I have an office hour if you have questions. I’m in office 7B on the second floor. My office hour is Friday at 6 p.m.
For this course you need the book. Here it is: British Life and Language Level 1 Student’s Book. So, please get the book online, which is much cheaper. Of course, you may get it from the bookstore near our school. I don’t want to see any photocopies of the book. Thank you!
Every one of you must remember that when I give a lesson, you must take notes carefully, writing down every lesson I talk about. You are not allowed to talk on your cellphone or answer your phone in class. Don’t be late or leave early, or you will be severely punished. I think that’s all.