高考英语动词时态语态复习课件

这是一份高考英语动词时态语态复习课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了have been ，动词时态和语态等内容，欢迎下载使用。

他昨天来了. 他已经来了.他明天来.汉语借助词汇手段而非词的形态变化来表示动作的发生,而英语主要通过谓语动词时态变化来表现.任何句子都要先注意时态.
He came yesterday.
He has cme.
He will cme tmrrw.
一般过去时 ( The Simple Past Tense )
一般现在时 ( The Simple Present tense
一般将来时( The Simple Future Tense )
现在进行时(The Present Cntinuus Tense)
过去进行时(The Past Cntinuus Tense)
现在完成时(The Present Perfect Tense)
过去完成时 (The Past Perfect Tense)
过去将来时(The Simple Past Future Tense)
Hw did yu spend yur childhd?(3 sentences r mre,使用实意动词和系动词, 注意动词形式变化)
Example: I _______ (spend) my childhd happily with my ld friends. We always ________(play) ftball and basketball tgether and we _______ (nt) have s much hmewrk t d as nw. We _______ (be) happy at that time.
一般过去时 ( The Simple Past Tense )1.结构: 谓动用动词过去式2.用法: 在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去时间的时间状语连用。如 yesterday, last week, an hur ag, in 1982等。
Hw is yur daily life as a high schl student?
(3 sentences r mre,使用实意动词和系动词, 注意动词形式变化)
二. 一般现在时 ( The Present Indefinite )1.结构:　　主语为第三人称单数,谓动要变化,其余人称用原形.
I study hard every day and I get alng well with my classmates, but smetimes I miss my families.
2. 用法:1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如ften/ usually, every…, smetimes, at…, n Sunday。
2)表示不受时间限制的科学事实或客观真理。The earth mves arund the sun.
3) 表示已安排或计划好将来必定会发生的动作或存在的状态, 一般用于be, cme, g, start, begin, leave, arrive, return等动词中，常与时间状语连用．如：　The meeting starts at 2:00 p.m.　
Dad said t me, “I will buy a cmputer fr yu if yu can pass the exam.” Dad tld me (that) he _________ (buy) a cmputer fr me if I culd pass the exam.
.过去将来时(The past future simple Tense)
1. 用法: 过去将来时表示立足于过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用于宾语从句中.
2.结构: Shuld / wuld+动词原形The by prmised he wuld wrk hard.I tld my parents I shuld return early.
2).其他形式． was (were) ging t was (were) t +动词原形 was (were) abut t
Hw will yu spend yur Spring Festival hliday?I will…I’m ging t…
三. 一般将来时( The Simple Future Tense ) will / be ging t d
2. be +t d，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。We are t have an exam this week.
3. be abut t d, 表示马上做某事, 不能与明确表示将来的时间状语连用. He is abut t leave fr Beijing.
What are they ding nw?They are having a class.
四. 现在进行时(The Present Cntinuus Tense)
2. 用法： 　1) 表示现在( 指说话时)正在发生的事情。　We are having English class nw.2) 表示目前这段时间内正在进行的动作,但说话时动作未必正在进行。She is learning pian under Mr. Smith.
1.结构: be (am, are, is)+ ding
3) 现在进行时用来表示按计划即将发生的动作,多用于表示移动的动词,如: cme, g, start, arrive, leave, stay.I’ m leaving tmrrw.Are yu staying here till next week?
On August 8, 2008, the 29th Olimpic Games was pening in Beijing.
What were yu ding n that day?
五. 过去进行时(The Past Cntinuus Tense)
1. 结构：was/ were + ding2. 用法:表示过去某时或某段时间正在进行的动作或状态。常用的时间状语 at ten yesterday, frm nine t ten last evening, when…, while…
English, bring r funny?
Q1: Hw ld were yu when yu first started learning English?Q2: Hw lng have yu learnt English?A: We have learnt English fr many years since we were 6 years ld.
六. 现在完成时(The present Perfect Tense)
1. 结构: have (has) +过去分词2.用法: 1). 现在完成时表示过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态, 通常用于延续性动词. 常与表示延续性的时间状语连用,如:s far, up t nw, recently, in the past 6 years, since…,fr … 等等．
I have lived in Zhuhai fr 3 years.
2).表示发生在过去的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常用的时间状语有: just ,already, yet,ever, never, nce等等.We have finished ur lunch already.Have yu ever tried this methd?
比较一般过去时与现在完成时
1). 一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态, 不涉及对现在的影响；现在完成时表示发生在过去的动作或状态一直延续到现在,或强调过去的事情对现在的造成的影响。 My family lived in Zhuhai ten years ag. （现在不在了) My family have lived in Zhuhai fr 10 years. (目前还在珠海)
2). 过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与不确定的或包括现在在内的时间状语连用，或无时间状语. I studied in Zhngshan university in 2000.(2000年表示具体的过去时间）I have studied in Zhngshan university since 2000. (since 2000表示从2000年至今,包括现在在内)I have just bught an apartment. (just表示不确定的时间状语）
非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。 I have received his letter fr a mnth. （错） I haven't received his letter fr almst a mnth. （对）
比较since和fr
since +时间点, 用来说明动作起始时间fr+ 时间段, 用来说明动作延续时间长度。 I have lived here fr mre than twenty years. I have lived here since I was brn..
七.过去完成时 (The past perfect Tense)
结构: had + 过去分词　 概念：表示过去的过去 ----|--------------|---------|---->过去之前　 过去　现在　将来　　　
Yu graduated (毕业) frm Junir Middle Schl in July 2009. Yu had stayed there fr 3 years when yu graduated.
When the plice arrived, the thieves _________________(run away).When I came int the classrm, my dear students ______________ (begin) reading.
had run away
ExercisesI usually ____ up at 6:00, but yesterday I ______ up at 7:00 and tmrrw I _________ up at 6:30. (get)Listen! Smene ____________ (knck) at the dr.I ___________ (be) in Beijing fr tw years.Hw ften _____ Andy _______ (surf) the internet?He fell asleep while he ___________ (read) a bk.
grup cmpetitin
is kncking
was reading
6. I ________ never _______ (hear) f that man befre.7. My brther ften _________ (g) fr walks last summer.8. Lily said she _______ (put) n the new dress the next day.9. ______ the stry ________ (happen) in Lndn in 1949?10. What ______ his mther ______ (d) when he pened the dr?
11. If it ______________ (nt rain) tmrrw, they ___________ (g) fishing. 12. ______ yur mther ________ the pian every Sunday?13. They _______ (nt) call yu the day after tmrrw.14. Tm _____________ (wrk) there since tw years ag.15. By the time I _________ (walk) int the classrm, the teacher ___________ (start) teaching.
desn’t rain
had started
Jenny Jenny _____ (be) a freign girl. She _______ (cme) frm the United States. Lk, she _____________ (draw) pictures in the living rm. Tw years ag, her parents _________ (mve) t China. Jenny ____________ (nt have) any friends, s she _______ (feel) lnely. But nw, she _______ (have) many Chinese friends and _______ (study) with them everyday. Jenny ___________ (visit) her grandparents in the United States next mnth.
didn’t have
One gd turn deserves anther I _____________ (have) dinner at a restaurant when Tny Steele came in. Tny _______ (wrk) in a lawyer's ffice years ag, but he ____________ (wrk) at a bank nw. He ______ (get) a gd salary, but he always _______ (brrw) mney frm his friends and never ______ (pay) it back. Tny _____ (see) me and _____ (cme) and ____ (sit) at the same table. He ___ never ____________ (brrw) mney frm me. While he ______________ (eat), I _____ (ask) him t lend me twenty punds. T my surprise, he _____ (give) me the mney immediately. 'I have never brrwed any mney frm yu,' Tny said, 's nw yu can pay fr my dinner!'
was having
动词的语态 (vice)
语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 主语是动作的发出者为主动语态； 主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。
We watched a film last night.I drink milk everyday.A film _________________________. Milk ___________________________. Summary (总结): is / was +dne (p.p)
Present/ past simple(一般现在/过去时)
was watched by us last night
is drunk by me everyday
Will/ wuld be dne新电脑下周将投入使用。The new cmputers will be used next week.妈妈告诉我我的自行车明天去修。My mther tld me that my bike wuld be repaired the next day.
Present/ past future(一般将来时/ 过去将来时)
am/ is /are being dnewas/ were being dne中国国家大剧院正在建设当中。The Natinal Opera Building is being built at present.
Present/ past prgressive (现在进行时/过去进行时)
has/ have been dnehad been dne这个问题已经得到了圆满的解决。The prblem has been well slved.昨天晚上我到超市的时候，牛奶已经卖完了。The milk had been sld when I gt t the supermarket last night.
Present/ past perfect (现在完成时/ 过去完成时)
不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态 比较： rise是不及物动词；raise是及物动词。 　　 　The price has been risen. 　The price has risen. 　　 The price has raised.　　　　　　　　　　 The price has been raised. 　The accident was happened last week.　　　 　The accident happened last week.
要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。
一般现在时: be( am/are/is) + p.p.( 过去分词)一般过去时: be(was/ were) + p.p.一般将来时: will be + p.p.过去将来时: wuld be + p.p.现在进行时: be( am/are/is)+ being+ p.p.过去进行时:be(was/ were )+ being+ p.p.现在完成时: have/ has+ been + p.p.过去完成时:had + been + p.p.
高中英语教学大纳中要求掌握的只有八种：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时，过去将来时。 另外现在完成进行时，过去完成进行时和将来完成时也比较常用。
时态 主动 被动一般现在时 d be( am/are/is) + dne一般过去时 did be(was/ were) + dne一般将来时 Will d will be + dne过去将来时 Wuld d wuld be + dne现在进行 be( am/are/is)+ding be( am/are/is)+ being+ dne过去进行时 be(was/ were )+ding be(was/ were )+ being+ dne现在完成时 have/ has+ been +ding have/ has+ been + dne过去完成时 had + been +ding had + been +dne
Challenge yurself!!!!
1、对於这个问题，关注很少。Little attentin was paid t this prblem.2、课堂上应该鼓励小组讨论。 Grup discussin shuld be encuraged in class.3、据报导，这里将修建一条新的马路。It is reprted that a new rad will be built here.4、必须采取措施来防止河流受到污染。 Measures shuld be taken t stp the river frm being plluted.
动词时态的一些典型用法
1. 在条件状语从句、时间状语从句、让步状语从句中，主将从现。The new secretary is suppsed t reprt t the manager as sn as she arrives. — Can I jin yur club, Dad?— Yu can when yu get a bit lder.Hundreds f jbs will be lst if the factry clses.He will wrk wherever he is wanted.
2. 语境中的过去时，往往表示“刚才，刚刚”之意，暗示现在已“不再这样”。① — Cme n in, Peter. I want t shw yu smething. — Oh, hw nice f yu ! I never thught yu were ging t bring me a gift. ② Yur phne number again? I didn’t quite catch it. ③ — Nancy is nt cming tnight. — But she prmised !3. 用一般过去时表示过去经常发生的动作 (也可用 “used t d”或 “wuld d” 代替)。During the vacatin I ften swam/ wuld swim in the sea. I used t smke.
4. 表示愿望、打算一类的词，如：hpe, expect, mean, intend, want, think, suppse等，其过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。I had hped t see mre f ShangHai. I had meant t help yu, but I was t busy at the mment. I had thught yu wuld cme tmrrw.
5. 某些固定句式中的动词时态是固定的、约定俗成的。① It / This is the first time I have cme here. It was the third time (that) he had made the same mistake.② It is / has been tw mnths since I gave up smking. It was ten years since we had had such a wnderful time. ③ I was abut t g ut when the telephne rang. ④ They were reading when Tm shuted in pain.
⑤ Hardly (N sner) had I gt hme when (than) the rain pured dwn. ⑥ It + be + 一段时间 + befre 从句It wn’t be lng befre he succeeds. ( = He will succeed sm.)It was ten years befre they met again. ( = They met again ten years later. )
高考对于进行体的常考点
① 一个长动作作为背景，被一个短动作打断，长动作往往用进行体，短动作用一般体。如：My brther fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. The students were writing busily when Miss Brwn went t get a bk she had left in the ffice. Tm slipped int the huse when n ne was lking. As she was reading the newspaper, Granny fell asleep. The reprter said that the UFO was traveling east t west when he saw it.
② 表示动作的未完性、暂时性。如：— Have yu mved int the new huse ?— Nt yet. The rms are being painted. I dn’t really wrk here; I am just helping ut until the new secretary arrives. Shirley was writing a bk abut China last year but I dn’t knw whether she has finished it. Selecting a mbile phne fr a persnal use is n easy task because technlgy is changing s rapidly.
③ 表示计划、安排要做的事。如：I’ve wn a hliday fr tw days t Flrida. I am taking my mum. — What were yu ding when Tny phned yu ?— I had just finished my wrk and was starting t take a shwer.
④ 表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况。I dn’t think Jim saw me; he was just staring int space. I first met Lisa 3 years ag. She was wrking at a radi shp at the time.— Is this raincat yurs ? — N, mine is hanging there behind the dr. — Hey, lk where yu are ging ! — Oh, I’m terribly srry, I wasn’t nticing.
一、 get + 过去分词可以表示被动，此结构比较口语化。She gt married last week. The patient gt treated nce a week. He fell ff the car and gt killed. be seated / be hidden He is seated n a bench. （He seats himself n a bench.）He was hidden behind the dr. (He hid himself behind the dr.)be lst / be drunk / be dressed (in)
二、主动形式表被动意义1. 系动词lk, sund, feel, smell, taste, appear, seem, g, prve, turn, stay, becme, fall, get, grw, keep + 形容词/名词, 构成系表结构。The steel feels cld. His plan prved (t be) practical. It has gne bad.
2. 表示开始、结束、运动的动词。如:begin, finish, start, pen, clse, stp, end, shut, run, mve 等。Wrk began at 7 ’clck this mrning. The shp clses at 6 p.m. every day. 3. need / want / require ding, be wrth ding, be t blame主动表被动。 4. 在“be + 形容词 + t d”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。This kind f water isn’t fit t drink.The girl isn’t easy t get alng with.