2021年1月浙江省普通高校招生学考：英语卷+答案 (原卷+解析卷+无听力)

这是一份2021年1月浙江省普通高校招生学考：英语卷+答案 (原卷+解析卷+无听力)，文件包含2021年1月浙江省普通高校招生学考科目考试英语试卷+答案学生版docx、2021年1月浙江省普通高校招生学考科目考试英语试卷+答案教师版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共37页， 欢迎下载使用。

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What did the wman d yesterday?
A. She played ftball.
B. She watched a game.
C She wrked in the lab.
2. What will the weather be like tmrrw evening?
A. Cludy. B. Rainy. C. Windy.
3. What will Jack d this weekend?
A. G n a schl trip.
B. Have a family picnic.
C. Prepare fr an exam.
4. Why des the man make the call?
A. T arrange a meeting.
B. T cancel a visit.
C. T ask fr assistance.
5. Hw des the man feel nw?
A. Refreshed. B. Anxius. C. Sleepy.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Hstess and guest. C. Chef and custmer.
7. What is the man mst likely t have fr dinner?
A. French fries. B. Ham sandwiches. C. Fish and vegetables.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where will Gerge g after the business trip?
A. Milan. B. Rme. C. Flrence.
9. What is banned in Flrence?
A. Eating in the street.
B. Dressing up as sldiers.
C. Singing n public transprt.
10. What des Gerge think f the new rules?
A They're effective. B. They're timely. C. They're reasnable.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why des Ms. McDaniel talk t Frank?
A. He missed a speech.
B. He failed t pass a test.
C. He wanted t drp a class.
12. Hw wuld Ms. McDaniel's students react if a speaker made a mistake?
A. laugh at the speaker.
B. Sympathize with the speaker.
C. Persuade the speaker t try again.
13. Hw des Ms. McDaniel sund?
A. Optimistic. B. Humrus. C. Encuraging.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What makes the man surprised?
A. The number f jb applicants.
B. The experience f emplyees.
C. The candidates' language skills.
15. Hw many candidates are the speakers ging t meet?
A. 2. B. 12. C. 20.
16. What d the speakers talk abut at the end f the cnversatin?
A. Jb descriptin.
B. Interview prcedure.
C. Candidates' backgrund.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did Gall receive yesterday?
A. A call frm her sister.
B. A bttle frm her aunt.
C. A letter frm a stranger.
18. Where did the fisherman find the bttle?
A. On Mnhegan Island.
B. At Cumberland.
C. In Spain.
19. Hw ld was Gall when she threw ut the bttle?
A Fight. B. Eleven. C. Furteen.
20. Where is the bttle nw?
A. In the cean. B. At Gall's hme. C. With the fisherman.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题2. 5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和ID四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Mre than 25 years ag, Sar Brierley lived in rural（农村）India. One day, he played with his brther alng the rail line and fell asleep. When he wke up and fund himself alne, the 4-year-ld decided his brther might be n the train he saw in frnt f him-s he gt n.
That train tk him a thusand miles acrss the cuntry t a ttally strange city. He lived n the streets, and then in an rphanage（孤儿院）. There, he was adpted by an Australian family and flwn t Tasmania.
As he writes in his new bk, A Lng Way Hme, Brierley culdn't help but wnder abut his hmetwn back in India. He remembered landmarks, but since he didn't knw his twn's name, finding a small neighbrhd in a vast cuntry prved t be impssible.
Then he fund a digital mapping prgram. He spent years searching fr his hmetwn in the prgram's satellite pictures. In 2011, he came acrss smething familiar. He studied it and realized he was lking at a twn's central business district frm a bird's-eye view. He thught, “On the right-hand side yu shuld see the three-platfrm train statin”—and there it was. "And n the left-hand side yu shuld see a big funtain"-and there it was. Everything just started t match.
When he std in frnt f the huse where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing in the entrance. "There's smething abut me, " he thught—and it tk him a few secnds but he finally remembered what she used t lk like.
In an interview Brierley says, "My mther lked s much shrter than I remembered. But she came frth and walked frward, and I walked frward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, yu knw, it was like a nuclear fusin（核聚变）. I just didn't knw what t say, because I never thught seeing my mther wuld ever cme true. And here I am, standing in frnt f her. ”
1. Why was Brierley separated frm his family abut 25 years ag?
A. He gt n a train by mistake.
B. He gt lst while playing in the street.
C. He was taken away by a freigner.
D. He was adpted by an Australian family.
2. Hw did Brierley find his hmetwn?
A. By analyzing ld pictures.
B. By travelling all arund India.
C. By studying digital maps
D. By spreading his stry via his bk.
3. What des Brierley mainly talk abut in the interview?
A. His lve fr his mther.
B. His reunin with his mther.
C. His lng way back hme.
D. His memry f his hmetwn.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了布尔利小时候意外走失，长大后通过自己努力找回家人的故事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“When he wke up and fund himself alne: the 4-year-ld decided his brther might be n the train he saw in frnt f him-s he gt n.(当他醒来发现自己一个人时：4岁的孩子判断他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火车上，所以他上了车)”以及第二段中“That train tk him a thusand miles acrss the cuntry t a ttally strange city.(那列火车把他带到了一个千里迢迢之外的陌生城市）”可知，布尔利在25年前和家人分开是因为他误上了火车。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第四段“Then he fund a digital mapping prgram. He spent years searching fr his hmetwn in the prgram’s satellite pictures.(然后他找到了一个数字地图程序。他花了数年时间在该节目的卫星图片中寻找家乡)”以及“Everything just started t match.(一切都开始匹配了）”可知，布尔利是通过研究数字地图找到家乡的。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“In an interview Brierley says: “My mther lked s much shrter than I remembered. But she came frth and walked frward, and I walked frward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, yu knw: it was like nuclear fusin（核聚变）. just didn’t knw what t say: because I never thught seeing my mther wuld ever cme true. And here I am, standing in frnt f her.(在一次采访中，布尔利说：“我妈妈看起来比我记忆中矮多了。但是她走了出来，朝我走来，我也向着她走去，我的感情、眼泪和大脑里的化学物质，你知道的：就像发生了核聚变。只是不知道该说些什么：因为我从没想过见到我母亲会成为现实。我就在这里，站在她面前。)”可知，作者在采访中讲述了他和母亲的团聚。故选B项。
B
At the start f the 20th century, an American engineer named Jhn Elfreth Watkins made predictins abut life tday. His predictins abut slwing ppulatin grwth, mbile phnes and increasing height were clse t the mark. But he was wrng in ne predictin: that everybdy wuld walk 10 miles a day.
Tday, in Australia, mst children n average fall 2, 000 steps shrt f the physical activity they need t avid being verweight. In the early 1970s, 40 per cent f children walked t schl, while in 2010, it was as lw as 15 per cent.
The decline is nt because we have all becme lazy. Families are pressed fr time, many with bth parents wrking t pay fr their huse, ften wrking hurs nt f their chsing, living in car-dependent neighbrhds with limited public transprt.
The ther side f the cin is equally a deprivatin: fr health and well-being, as well as lst pprtunities（机会）fr children t get t knw their lcal surrundings. And fr parents there are lst pprtunities t walk and talk with their yung schlar abut their day.
Mst parents will have eagerly asked their child abut their day, nly t meet with a “gd”, quickly fllwed by "I'm hungry". This is als my experience as a mther. But smewhere ver the daily walk mre abut my sn's day cmes ut. I hear him making sense f friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental pprtunity t hear mre.
Many primary schls supprt walking schl-bus rutes（路线）, with days f regular, parent-accmpanied walks. Ding just ne f these a few times a week is better than nthing. It can be tugh t begin and takes a little planning-running shes by the frnt dr, lunches made the night befre, umbrellas n rainy days and hats n ht nes-but it's certainly wrth trying.
4. Why des the authr mentin Watkins' predictins in the first paragraph?
A. T make cmparisns.B. T intrduce the tpic.
C. T supprt her argument.D. T prvide examples.
5. What has caused the decrease in Australian children's physical activity?
A. Plain laziness.B. Health prblems.
C. Lack f time.D. Security cncerns.
6. Why des the authr find walking with her sn wrthwhile?
A. She can get relaxed after wrk.B. She can keep physically fit.
C. She can help with her sn's study.D. She can knw her sn better.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章通过否定沃特金斯的预言，进而提出现在人们时间的紧缺和陪伴的重要性。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第二段“Tday: in Australia: mst children n average fall 2: 000 steps shrt f the physical activity they need t avid being verweight. In the early 1970s, 40 percent f children walked t schl while in 2010, it was as lw as15 percent.(今天：在澳大利亚：大多数孩子平均比避免超重所需的体力活动少了2000步。在上世纪70年代初，40%的孩子步行上学，而在2010年，这一比例降至15%)”说明作者根据沃特金斯的预言做了相关调查，并且写下了这篇文章。通读全文得知作者在第一段提到沃特金斯的预言，是为了介绍文章主题。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第三段中“Families are pressed fr time: many with bth parents wrking t pay fr their huse, ften wrking hurs nt f their chsing, living in car-dependent neighbrhds with limited public transprt.(家庭时间紧迫：许多家庭的父母都在为房子买单而工作，工作时间往往不是他们自己选择的，他们住在公共交通有限的依赖汽车的社区)”可知，导致澳大利亚儿童体育活动的减少的原因是时间不够。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段中“But smewhere ver the daily walk mre abut my sn’s day cmes ut. I hear him making sense f friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental pprtunity t hear mre.(但是，在每天散步的某个地方，更多关于我儿子日常的事情出现了。我听到他在理解友谊及其局限性。这是一个意想不到的难得的机会，家长听到更多)”说明作者觉得和儿子一起散步能让她更了解她的儿子。故选D项。
C
Researchers say they have translated the meaning f gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) use t cmmunicate. They say wild chimps cmmunicate 19 specific messages t ne anther with a "vcabulary" f 66 gestures. The scientists discvered this by fllwing and filming grups f chimps in Uganda, and examining mre than 5,000 incidents f these meaningful exchanges.
Dr Catherine Hbaiter, wh led the research, said that this was the nly frm f intentinal cmmunicatin t be recrded in the animal kingdm. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system f cmmunicatin where they deliberately sent a message t anther grup member.
"That's what's s amazing abut chimp gestures," she said. "They're the nly thing that lks like human language in that respect. ”
Althugh previus research has shwn that apes and mnkeys can understand cmplex infrmatin frm anther animal's call, the animals d nt appear t use their vices intentinally t cmmunicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hbaiter said.
Chimps will check t see if they have the attentin f the animal with which they wish t cmmunicate. In ne case, a mther presents her ft t her crying baby, signaling:" Climb n me. " The yungster immediately jumps n t its mthers back and they travel ff tgether. "The big message frm this study is that there is anther species (物种) ut there. that is meaningful in its cmmunicatin, s that's nt unique t humans," said Dr Hbaiter.
Dr Susanne Shultz, an evlutinary bilgist frm the University f Manchester, said the study was praisewrthy in seeking t enrich ur knwledge f the evlutin f human language. But, she added, the results were "a little disappinting".
"The vagueness f the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little t cmmunicate, r we are still missing a lt f the infrmatin cntained in their gestures and actins," she said. "Mrever, the meanings seem t nt g beynd what ther animal cnvey with nn-verbal cmmunicatin. S, it seems the gulf remains. "
7. What d chimps and humans have in cmmn accrding t Dr Hbaiter?
A. Memrizing specific wrds.B. Understanding cmplex infrmatin.
C. Using vices t cmmunicate.D. Cmmunicating messages n purpse.
8. What did Dr Shultz think f the study?
A. It was well designed but prly cnducted.
B. It was a gd try but the findings were limited.
C. It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.
D. It was a failure but the methds deserved praise.
9. What des the underlined wrd "gulf" in the last paragraph mean?
A. Difference.B. Cnflict.C. Balance.D. Cnnectin.
10. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Chimpanzee behaviur study achieved a breakthrugh
B. Chimpanzees develped specific cmmunicatin skills
C. Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdm
D. Chimpanzee language: cmmunicatin gestures translated
【答案】7. D 8. B 9. A 10. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家们通过跟踪和拍摄乌干达的黑猩猩群，翻译出了黑猩猩用来交流的手势含义。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system f cmmunicatin where they deliberately sent a message t anther grup member.（她说，只有人类和黑猩猩有一个交流系统，他们故意向其他成员发送信息）”可知，根据Dr Hbaiter，黑猩猩和人类的共同点在于故意传递信息，故选D。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Dr Susanne Shultz, an evlutinary bilgist frm the University f Manchester, said the study was praisewrthy in seeking t enrich ur knwledge f the evlutin f human language. But, she added, the results were“a little disappinting”（曼彻斯特大学的进化生物学家苏珊娜·舒尔茨博士说，这项研究是值得称赞的，它试图丰富我们对人类语言进化的知识。但是，她补充说，结果“有点令人失望”）”可知，这项研究是一个好的尝试，但是发现的结果是有限的。故选B。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。首先根据第三段中的“They’re the nly thing that lks like human language in that respect.（在这方面，它们是唯一看起来像人类语言的东西）”可知，黑猩猩的手势交流很像我们人类语言的交流方式。但是根据最后一段中的“Mrever, the meanings seem t nt g beynd what ther animals cnvey with nn-verbal cmmunicatins.（此外，这些含义似乎并不超越其他动物通过非语言交流所传达的信息）”可知，黑猩猩手势的交流方式还是和我们语言的交流方式存在不同的，也就是“S, it seems the gulf remains.（所以，看来差异依然存在）”，故gulf的意思是difference，故选A。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Researchers say they have translated the meaning f gestures that wild chimpanzees use t cmmunicate.（研究人员表示，他们已经翻译出了野生黑猩猩用来交流的手势的含义）”以及文章对这方面的讨论可知，文章主要讲科学家们对黑猩猩手势的研究及一些成果，所以D项：黑猩猩语言：翻译出来的交流手势，这一题目涵盖文章的内容。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Yu run int the grcery stre t pick up ne bttle f water. Yu get what yu need, head t the frnt, and chse the line that lks fastest.
Yu chse wrng. Peple wh yu swear gt in ther lines lng after yu are already checked ut and ff t the parking lt. ___11___
It turns ut, it's just math wrking against yu; chances are, the ther line really is faster.
Grcery stres try t have enugh emplyees at checkut t get all their custmers thrugh with minimum delay. ___12___Any small interruptin - a price check, a chatty custmer-can have dwnstream effects, hlding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the stre, delays will happen randmly at different registers. Think abut the prbability:____13____S it's nt just in yur mind: Anther line prbably is mving faster.
Researchers have a gd way t deal with this prblem. Make all custmers stand in ne lng, snaking line- called a serpentine line - and serve each persn at the frnt with the next available register. ___14___This is what they d at mst banks and fast-fd restaurants. With a serpentine line, a lng delay at ne register wn't unfairly punish the peple wh lined up behind it. Instead, it will slw dwn everyne a little bit but speed up checkut verall.
____15____It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly, and sme stres can't affrd the space r manpwer. S wherever yur next wait may be: Gd luck.
A. Why des this always seem t happen t yu?
B. S why dn't mst places encurage serpentine lines?
C. Sme f the may have std in a queue fr almst an hur.
D. The chances f yur line being the fastest are nly ne in three.
E. Hw high is the prbability that yu are in the fastest waiting line?
F. With three registers, this methd is much faster than the traditinal apprach.
G. But smetimes, as n a Sunday afternn, the system gets particularly busy.
【答案】11. A 12. G 13. D 14. F 15. B
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。
【11题详解】
下文“It turns ut, it's just math wrking against yu; chances are, the ther line really is faster. （原来，这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快。）”解释了上文“Yu chse wrng.(你选错了)”的原因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，故选A项。
【12题详解】
上文“Grcery stres try t have enugh emplyees at checkut t get all their custmers thrugh with minimum delay.（杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账。）”解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruptin a price check, a chatty custmer -can have dwnstream effects, hlding up an entire line.（任何一个小小的中断，一个价格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下游效应，拖住整个生产线。）”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，故选G项。
【13题详解】
根据上文“If there are three lines in the stre, delays will happen randmly at different registers. （如果杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生。）”联系下文“S it's nt just in yur mind: Anther line prbably is mving faster.（所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队伍可能移动得更快。）”可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。故选D项。
【14题详解】
根据“上文Researchers have a gd way t deal with this prblem.(我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方法来处理这个问题)”以及下文“This is what they d at mst banks and fast-fd restaurants. With a serpentine line, a lng delay at ne register wn't unfairly punish the peple wh lined up behind it. Instead, it will slw dwn everyne little bit but speed up checkut verall.（这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快了整体结帐速度。）”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。故选F项。
【15题详解】
结合下文“It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly, and sme stres can't affrd the space r manpwer.（要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担不起空间和人力。）”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly.(保持一条生产线的快速运转)”可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Last year I decided t d sme vlunteer wrk. I began t____16____n the Internet and discvered Vlunteer USA. Three mnths later I____17____myself n a plane t Phenix, Arizna. I was____18____at the thught f living with lads f new peple fr three mnths. Hwever, within fifteen minutes f____19____, my wrries had gne. Everyne was s____20____and like-minded that it was very____21____t feel at hme.
I was sent t the Crnad Natinal Frest fr my first 8-day____22____. We had t____23____everything we needed and walk three miles t where we wrked. It may nt seem like a____24____way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were n fire.
My jb was t____25____a stairway ut f rck. This____26____climbing up and dwn the side f a muntain inhabited (栖息) by muntain lins, althugh I shuld say they were nly heard,never____27____.
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came int being. The____28____f knwing that my____29____will be n that muntainside fr years t cme is massive.
But n the last night we were____30____in a thunderstrm. I wke up at midnight t find a swimming pl in my tent. The temperature was clse t____31____. I had t spend the rest f the night trembling in the nly____32____part f my tent.
____33____, I suffered a lt. But I knw whatever I have t face in my life I was there and I____34____. I think I am much____35____fr having taken part in the prject.
16. A. calculateB. negtiateC. advertiseD. research
17. A. imaginedB. intrducedC. enjyedD. fund
18. A. annyedB. surprisedC. scaredD. excited
19. A. arrivingB. sleepingC. thinkingD. walking
20. A. cnfidentB. friendlyC. energeticD. curius
21. A. funnyB. gdC. luckyD. easy
22. A. turB. prjectC. campaignD. curse
23. A. drpB. makeC. carryD. buy
24. A. niceB. safeC. lngD. quick
25. A. buildB. testC. cleanD. guard
26. A. helpedB. endedC. allwedD. meant
27. A. huntedB. trainedC. seenD. fed
28. A. satisfactinB. ambitinC. expectatinD. intentin
29. A. wrkB. memryC. recrdD. stry
30. A. leftB. caughtC. attackedD. separated
31. A. bilingB. averageC. nrmalD. freezing
32. A. tidyB. dryC. newD. sft
33. A. By the wayB. Regardless f thatC. Needless t sayD. In either ease
34. A. survivedB. resistedC. escapedD. recvered
35. A. smarterB. strngerC. happierD. busier
【答案】16. D 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去年通过网上查询信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机会，虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始在网上查询并且发现“美国志愿者”。A. calculate计算；B. negtiate协商；C. advertise登广告；D. research研究。根据前文的“Last year I decided t d sme vlunteer wrk.”可知，作者在网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D项。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A. imagined想象；B. intrduced介绍；C. enjyed喜欢；D. fund发现。根据前文的“I began t_1_n the Internet…”可知，作者之前还在网上查阅，三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月，我很害怕。A. annyed烦恼的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. scared害怕的；D. excited兴奋的。根据后面的“my wrries had gne.”可知，我一开始很担忧。故选C项。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达15分钟里我的担忧就消失了。A. arriving到达；B. sleeping睡觉；C. thinking思考；D. walking行走。根据“feel at hme”得知到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A项。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. cnfident自信的；B. friendly友好的；C. energetic活力的；D. curius好奇的。根据后文“and like-minded”可推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B项。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. funny搞笑的；B. gd好的；C. lucky幸运的；D. easy容易的。根据 “that like-minded”和“feel at hme”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A. tur游览；B. prject项目；C. campaign活动；D. curse课程。根据下文“fr having taken part in the prject”可知，这是在说当志愿者的项目，原词复现。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A. drp掉下；B. make制作；C. carry携带；D. buy购买。根据下文“with a heavy pack”可知，作者他们要背负着必需品走。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可能看起来不远，但是在35度高温下，背着沉重的物品，我的腿像是着了火。A. nice好的；B. safe安全的；C. lng长的；D. quick快的。根据前文“walk three miles”可知，作者他们走的路程不远。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A. build建造；B. test测试；C. clean清洁；D. guard保卫。根据下文“climbing up and dwn the side f a muntain.”可知，作者在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下。A. helped帮助；B. ended结束；C. allwed允许；D. meant意味。根据“climbing up and dwn”可知，台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我应该说他们只被听说过，从没被亲眼见过。A. hunted捕猎；B. trained训练；C. seen看到；D. fed喂养。根据前文“althugh I shuld say they were nly heard”可知，作者以前没有见过。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. satisfactin满意；B. ambitin雄心；C. expectatin期待；D. intentin意图。根据上文的“a beautiful stairway came int being”可知，我修的台阶成型了，我很满意。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. wrk工作，作品；B. memry回忆；C. recrd记录；D. stry故事。根据上文的“My jb was t”“a beautiful stairway came int being”可知，修台阶是我的工作。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是在最后一晚，我们被困在雷雨中。A. left离开；B. caught捉住；C. attacked袭击；D. separated分离。根据下文“I wke up at midnight t find a swimming pl in my tent”可知，作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：温度接近零度。A. biling煮沸的的；B. average平均的；C. nrmal正常的；D. freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling”得知温度很低。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不得不后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A. tidy干净的；B. dry干的；C. new新的；D. sft软的。根据上文的“thunderstrm”和后文的“part f my tent”可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不用说我受了很多苦。A. By the way顺便问一下；B. Regardless f that尽管这样；C. Needless t say 不用说；D. In either case在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知，作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：但是我知道不论人生中面对什么，我都在这，我都活了下来。A. survived生存；B. resisted反抗；C. escaped逃离，抓牢；D. recvered恢复。根据上文“But I knw whatever I have t face in my life I was there.”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来，挺过去。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：我认为因为参加这个项目我更强壮了。A. smarter更聪明的；B. strnger更强壮的；C. happier更快乐的；D. busier更忙碌的。根据前文“But I knw whatever I have t face in my life I was there.可知作者感觉经历让他更强壮。故选B项。
【点睛】
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a study f 33 years f trends in Bdy Mass Index (体重指数) acrss 200 cuntries, the scientists fund that peple wrldwide are getting heavier ____36____ that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internatinally recgnized measurement tl ____37____ gives an indicatin f whether smene is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a ____38____ (persn) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI f between 19 and 25 ____39____ (cnsider) healthy.
The study fund that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased ____40____ 2. 1 in wmen and men. In cities, hwever, the gain ____41____ (be) 1. 3 in wmen and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the gegraphy f BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries ____42____ (study) had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural peple in many cuntries had narrwed ____43____(sharp).
This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple ____44____ (live) in the cuntryside, including ____45____ (lw) levels f incme and educatin, higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities.
【答案】36. and
37. that/which
38. persn’s
39. is cnsidered
40. by 41. was
42. Studied
43. sharply
44. living 45. lwer
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今世界各地的人体重越来越超标，主要是由于农村地区的体重指数（BMI）增加了，并分析了其中的原因。
【36题详解】
考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们体重越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，that peple wrldwide are getting heavier和that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMI in rural areas.都是fund引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故填and。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析句子结构可知，tl是先行词，且在从句中做主语，故填that/which。
【38题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，persn是修饰weight的，用 persn的名词所有格persn’s。故填persn’s。
【39题详解】
考查动词被动语态。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（a BMI）是单数，时态是一般现在时，且主语和cnsider是表被动关系，故填is cnsidered。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by表示“增加了”；increase t表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI数值（18.5-23.9）可知，increase by符合语境，故填by。
【41题详解】
考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是cuntries，表被动关系，故填studied。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知，sharp是要修饰动词narrw，用sharp的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词may be，故live用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是peple，表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填living。
【45题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，including说明的是一些不利条件，且后面有higher和fewer，是并列关系，所以lw也应该用比较级形式，故填lwer。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，下周有新西兰学生访问你校，你将作为学生代表致欢迎辞。请为此写一篇 发言稿，内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 介绍活动安排；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Distinguished guests:
On behalf f ur schl, I wuld like t cnvey my sincere welcme fr yur visiting.
At first, it is f significance t fully understand the schl. As scheduled, all f yu will visit the museum, which cntains the splendid histry f ur schl. Furthermre, ur classes are wrthy f being attended, because yu can appreciate the differences between Chinese and western teaching methds. After that, it is at canteen that yu can have a special lunch with ur students.
As mentined abve, I extremely expect yur cming. May yu have an unfrgettable experience.
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文，要求考生写一篇发言稿，向即将到校的新西兰学生致欢迎辞。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1．表示欢迎；
2．介绍活动安排；
3．表达祝愿。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
n behalf f; wuld like t; cnvey; sincere welcme; be f significance; splendid; be wrthy f; appreciate; teaching methds; canteen; extremely expect; unfrgettable
第三步：连词成句
1. On behalf f ur schl, I wuld like t cnvey my sincere welcme fr yur visiting.
2. At first, it is f significance t fully understand the schl.
3. As scheduled, all f yu will visit the museum, which cntains the splendid histry f ur schl.
4. Furthermre, ur classes are wrthy f being attended, because yu can appreciate the differences between Chinese and western teaching methds.
5. After that, it is at canteen that yu can have a special lunch with ur students.
6. As mentined abve, I extremely expect yur cming.
7. May yu have an unfrgettable experience.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：at first
2.表并列补充关系：Furthermre
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1] As scheduled, all f yu will visit the museum, which cntains the splendid histry f ur schl. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] After that, it is at canteen that yu can have a special lunch with ur students. (运用了强调句型)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分）
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Pumpkin (南瓜) carving at Hallween is a family traditin. We visit a lcal farm every Octber. In the pumpkin field, I cmpete with my three brthers and sister t seek ut the biggest pumpkin. My dad has a rule that we have t carry ur pumpkins back hme, and as the eldest child I have an advantage-I carried an 85-punder back last year.
This year, it was hard t tell whether my prize r the ne chsen by my 14-year-ld brther, Jasn, was the winner. Unfrtunately we frgt t weigh them befre taking ut their insides, but I was determined t prve my pint. All f us were hard at wrk at the kitchen table, with my mm filming the annual event. I’m unsure nw why I thught frcing my head inside the pumpkin wuld settle the matter, but it seemed t make perfect sense at the time.
With the pumpkin resting n the table, hle uppermst, I bent ver and pressed my head against the pening. At first I gt jammed just abve my eyes and then, as I went n with my task, unwilling t quit, my nse briefly prevented entry. Finally I managed t put my whle head int it, like a crk (软木塞) frced int a bttle. I was able t straighten up with the huge pumpkin resting n my shulders.
My excitement was shrt-lived. The pumpkin was heavy. “I’m ging t set it dwn, nw,” I said,and with Jasn helping t supprt its weight，I bent back ver the table t give it smewhere t rest. It was nly when I tried t remve my head that I realized getting ut was ging t be less straightfrward than getting in. When I pulled hard, my nse gt in the way. I gt int a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and mved my head arund trying t find the right angle, but it was n use. “I can’t get it ut!” I shuted, my vice sunding unnaturally lud in the enclsed space.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1
It was five r six minutes thugh it felt much lnger.
Paragraph 2
The vide was psted the Mnday befre Hallween.
【答案】Paragraph 1
It was five r six minutes thugh it felt much lnger. Dad was summned – less, it seemed, in expectatin f practical help than t make sure he didn’t miss ut n the spectacle. I heard him prpse calling the fire department. “Stay tuned,” said Mm; she’d mentined she was ging t uplad the vide t Facebk, but it was nly then I realized she’d been filming the whle time. The vide cuts befre my rescue —Dad gt me t push my head farther int the pumpkin s Mm culd reach in and und the rubber band rund my pnytail. I emerged with squash-cnditined hair, a sre chin and my nse plugged with pulp.
Paragraph 2
The vide was psted the Mnday befre Hallween. By the end f that day, it had ver 1,000 views. Peple asked Mm t put it n YuTube, and by Wednesday mrning we were getting 5:00 am calls frm TV breakfast shws and then the internatinal media – the vide started racking up hundreds f thusands f views. When I went n a yuth camp, I was recgnized by children I’d never met. The pumpkin als became a minr celebrity. Passersby and trick-r-treaters wuld knck and ask, “Which is Rachel’s pumpkin?” befre taking selfies with it.
【解析】
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者家有在万圣节雕刻南瓜传统，今年也不例外，家里所有人都在厨房的餐桌上辛勤地工作着，而作者的妈妈则在拍摄一年一度的活动。结果作者将头伸进了南瓜里，被卡住了，无论如何也无法挣脱出来，妈妈却趁机拍下了这一幕，后来作者得救，视频也被上传到网上走红，这段视频开始获得数十万的点击量。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“虽然时间只过去了五、六分钟，但还是感觉要长得多。”可知，第一段可描写作者是如何在爸爸的帮助下得救的。
②由第二段首句内容“这段视频是在万圣节前的周一发布的。”可知，第二段可描写作者头被卡在南瓜里这段视频在网上的走红情况，以及视频走红对作者家和作者的影响。
2.续写线索：爸爸被喊来帮忙——妈妈拍下了全过程——作者得救——视频被上传——视频走红——视频对作者家和作者的影响
3.词汇激活
行为类
确保：make sure / guarantee
打算做某事：be ging t d sth./ intend t d sth.
出来：emerge / cme ut
情绪类
实际：practical / useful
出名：becme a minr celebrity / be famus
【点睛】[高分句型1] When I went n a yuth camp, I was recgnized by children I’d never met. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]Passersby and trick-r-treaters wuld knck and ask, “Which is Rachel’s pumpkin?” befre taking selfies with it. (运用了动名词作宾语)