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    人教版小学英语语法知识点汇总

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    人教版小学英语语法知识点汇总

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    这是一份人教版小学英语语法知识点汇总,主要包含了形容词, there/here be1,动词不定式1,名词所有格1等内容,欢迎下载使用。

    小学英语语法知识点汇总

    ]
    [ 在此处键入
    ( 必)
    小学英语语法知识点汇总词 一、名
    表示某一事物,有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。强调:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is 或者 was ;
    最好不要根据 sme 、any 、a lt f等词去作判断,以免受误导。
    1、可数名词如何变“复数形式” :
    a.一般情况下,直接加 -s ,如: bk-bks, bag-bags, cat-cats,
    bed-beds;读音:清辅音后读[s],浊辅音和元音后读 [z]。b.以 s. x. sh. ch结尾,加 -es ,如: bus-buses, bx-bxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches;读音: [iz]。
    c.以“辅音字母 +y ”结尾,变 y 为 i,再加-es ,如: family-families, strawberry-strawberries;读音: [z]。
    以“ f或 fe ”结尾,变 f或 fe为 v,再加-es,如: knife-knives,
    thief-thieves;读音: [z]。
    以“ ”结尾的词,分两种情况
    1)有生命的 +es读音: [z]如: mang-mangestmat-tmates her-heres
    2)无生命的 +s读音: [z]如: pht-phtsradi-radis
    不规则名词复数: man-men,wman-wmen,pliceman-plicemen, plicewman-plicewmen, snwman-snwmen, muse-mice,
    child-children,
    ft-feet, tth-teeth, fish-fish, peple-peple, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
    2、不可数名词没有复数。
    如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量,就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词
    +f ”。
    例如: a glass f water, a piece f paper, a bttle f juice
    判断步骤:
    →原形
    读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be 动词
    ↗如是 am、is或 was
    ↘如是 are或 were
    →加 s 或 es
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    ]
    在此处键入
    [
    练一练
    1 、写出下列各词的复数。this him I
    watch
    mang
    her
    ft dress
    child pht diary
    day
    strawberry thief tth sheep bx
    engineer peach sandwich
    peple wman man
    leaf
    2 、用所给名词的正确形式填空。( bx ) n the table?
    ) Are there tw( 1( peple ) in the
    cinema.Icanseesme2()(day)are there in a week?
    Hw many(3 )( juice ) fr yu.
    ( bttle ) f) Here're five(4 (grape)areverthere.(vilin)ishers.
    Thse)This(5
    词二、冠 冠词是一种虚词,不能独立使用,通常放在名词的前面,分为“ 不定冠词 ”和“定
    冠词”两种。
    1、不定冠词: a、an 。用在单数名词前,表示“一个,一件”。an 用在以元音“音素”开头的单词前。如:
    ane-mail,anrange,anldman,anEnglishwatch,anhur
    2、定冠词: the 。用在单数或者复数名词前。the没有具体意思,有时翻译为这、那。它的基本用法:
    用来表示特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。如:The map n thewall is new.
    表示说话者双方都知道的人或事物。如:Lk at the picture, please.
    表示再次提到前面谈过的人或事物。如:Thisisa stamp.The stamp
    is beautiful.
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如:the sun太 阳 the mn
    月 亮 the earth地球
    用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如:the Great Wall长城
    用在江河、湖海等专有名词前。如:the Changjiang River长江
    此外,序数词、形容词最高级、乐器名称等词前面和一些习惯用语中一般都用定冠词 the 。如:
    thefirstday,thebestby,playthepian,inthesame class
    确定用 a、an 还是 the时可根据汉语意思。
    练一练
    1、用 a 或 an 填空。
    “ U” ice-cream
    galkeeper
    teapt apple
    ffice
    unit
    English bk
    hur
    umbrella
    2、根据需要,填写冠词a, an 或 the。
    ) Wh is girl behind tree?
    ) ldman hastwchildren, snand daughter.
    ) This is range. range is Lucy's.
    ) He likes playing guitar. We have same hbby.
    ) We all had gd time last Sunday.
    ) She wants t be dctr.
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    ]
    在此处键入
    [
    词 数 三我们学过两类: 基数词和序数词。 基数用于表示数量多少, 而基数词用于表
    示次序,常在日期中出现。区别:基数词前面没有“the ”;序数词前一定要有 “ the ”。
    1、超过二十以上的两位数需要在个位和十位之间加上“- ”。如: 21 twenty-ne
    2、三位数以上的则需要在百位数后再加上and 。如:101 a/nehundredand ne
    3、用基数词来修饰可数名词时,一定别忘了它的复数形式。如:十八个男孩eighteen bys
    4、用基数词修饰不可数名词时,如是复数,变它的量词为复数。如:两碗米饭tw bwls f rice
    5、序数词一般加“th ”,特殊的有:first,secnd,third,fifth,eighth,
    ninth, twelfth以及二十及二
    十以外的整十: twentieth,thirtieth,frtieth“第几十几”:前面整十不变,后面“几”改为序
    数词。如: 88 eighty-eighth
    练一练
    1、请翻译下列短语。
    ( 1) 60 名学生( 2) 15 本英语书
    thirty-five---eighty-ne
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    ( 3)九杯凉水
    ( 4) 4 个孩子
    ( 5) 12 月 31
    ( 6)6 月 2 日
    ( 7)第九周
    (8 )40 年前
    ( 9) 11+7
    (10 )上学第一天
    2、把下列基数词改成序数词。
    ne---tw---
    three---
    nine---
    furteen---twenty---
    ]
    在此处键入
    [
    词四、代
    代词有两种:人称代词和物主代词。
    1、人称代词分为:第一、第二、第三人称,且有单复数之分。
    2、人称代词的主格在句中做主语,一般用在动词前(疑问句除外) ;宾格在句中做宾语,多用于动词、介词后。
    3、形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,后面一定要跟名词,表示该名词是属于
    谁 的。
    4、名词性物主代词 =形容词性物主代词 +名词。如:
    Thisismy bag.=Thisismine.That is herruler. = That
    is hers.
    一般看后面有没有名词,如有,就用形容词性物主代词;如无,就用名词性物主代词。
    练一练
    1、按要求写出相应人称代词。
    I (宾格) she(形容词性物主代词)
    we(名词性物主代词)
    请牢记下表:
    单数
    复 数
    人称主格
    I
    yu
    he
    she
    it
    we
    yu
    they
    代词
    宾格
    me
    yu
    him
    her
    it
    us
    yu
    them
    物主形容词性
    my
    yur
    his
    her
    its
    ur
    yur
    thei
    代词
    名词性
    mine
    yur
    his
    hers its
    urs
    yur
    r
    thei
    s
    s
    rs
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    he (复数)
    us(单数)
    theirs
    (主格) its(宾格)
    2、想一想,把下表补充完整。
    人称代词物主代词
    单数复数单数复数








    形容
    词性

    词性
    形容
    词性

    词性
    me
    us
    ur
    yu
    yu
    第一人称第二
    人称
    第三
    hethemhistheir
    人称
    her
    itits
    ] [ 在此处键入
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    3、用所给词的适当形式填空。
    That is nt kite. That kite is very small, but
    is very big. ( I )
    The dress is . Give it t . ( she )
    Is this watch? ( yu ) N, it's nt . ( I )
    ismy brther.
    stamps are . ( he )
    name isJack.Lk!Thse
    dressesarered.(we )What clurare ?
    ( yu )
    Shw yur kite, OK? ( they )
    7)Ihavea beautifulcat. are . ( it )
    nameisMimi.Thesecakes
    Arethese
    aren't here. ( they )
    tickets?N,
    arent .
    Shall have a lk at that classrm? That is
    classrm. ( we )
    10 )
    a nurse. ( she )
    ismy aunt.D yuknw
    jb? is
    )Where are ? I can't find . Let's call
    parents. ( they )
    )Dn't tuch . is nt a cat, is a tiger! ( it )
    )sisterisill.Pleaseg and see .(she)
    )The girl behind is ur friend. ( she )
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    ]
    在此处键入
    [
    五、形容词、副词
    1、形容词表示某一事物或人的特征,副词表示某一动作的特征。形容词和副词有三种形式:原形、比较
    级、最高级。比较级: +er最高级: the+est
    两个重要特征: asas 中间一定用原形, than的前面一定要 +er 。
    2、形容词、副词比较级的规则变化如下:
    ( 1)一般直接 +er 。如: tall - taller, fast - faster单音节词如果以-e结尾,只加 -r。如: late - later
    )重读闭音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,须双写这个字母, 再加-er。如:
    big - bigger, fat - fatter
    )以辅音字母加 -y结尾的词, 变 y 为 i ,再加-er。如:heavy-heavier,
    early - earlier
    )双音节和多音节词的比较级应在原级前加mre 构成。如: beautiful- mre beautiful,
    careful - mre careful, quietly - mre quietly, interesting - mre interesting
    )有些不规则变化的,须逐一加以记忆。如:gd/well– better, bad/ill– wrse,
    many/much– mre, far– farther/further, ld–
    lder/elder
    练一练
    1、写出下列形容词、副词的比较级。biggdlng
    tallld
    shrtthinheavy
    yungfat
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    ]
    在此处键入
    [
    lwhighfar lightstrng
    slwwellfastearly late
    2 、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1)Icanswimas as the fish, I think.
    ( big ) than mine.
    Lk! His hands are
    I think yu d these things ( well ) than yur classmates.
    Whse bag is ( heavy ), yurs r mine?
    slw ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs ( slw ) than 5)
    (fast)
    Des Jim run as ( them.
    Yuhavesevenbks,butIhave I ha ve ten.
    I jump ( far ) than sme f the bys in my class.
    ( thin ) than me. ( thin ), but she's8) I'm
    (many)thanyu.
    very9) It gets and ( warm ) when spring cmes here.
    词六、介
    1、一种虚词。不能单独作句子成分, 它只有跟它后面的宾语一起构成介词短语, 才能在句子中起作用。
    有: in,n,under,with, behind,abut, near, befre, after,
    fr, t, up, dwn, frm, in frnt f, ut f,
    frmt, at the back f
    2、表示时间的介词有: at, n, in。(1 )at表示“在某一个具体的时间点上”,或用在固定词组中。如:at ten
    'clck, at 9:30 a.m., at night, at the weekend( 2 )n 表示“在某日或某日的时间段” 。如: n Friday, n the
    first f Octber, n Mnday mrning( 3)in表示“在某一段时间
    (月份、季节)里”。如: in the afternn, in September, in summer, in 2005
    3、in一词还有其他的固定搭配, 如:inblue (穿着蓝色的衣服) ,inEnglish
    (用英语表达),take part in(参加)。
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    练一练
    1、选用括号内恰当的介词填空。
    What's this ( at, n, in ) English?
    Christmasis (at,n, in )the 25th f December.
    Theman (with,n,in) black isSu Hai's father.
    He desn't d well ( at, n, in ) PE.
    Lk at thse birds ( n, in ) the tree.
    We are ging t meet ( at, n, in ) the bus stp
    ( at, n, in ) half past ten.
    Is there a cat
    Helen's writing paper is cmputer.
    ( under, behind, in ) the dr?
    ( in, in frnt f ) her
    We live ( at, n, in ) a new huse nw.
    Desitftenrain (at,n,in)springthere?
    2、圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词,并将正确的答案写在横线上。
    1)JimisgdinEnglishandMaths.2)Thefilms were in the grund just
    nw.
    3)Theyaretalkingttheirplans.4) Hw many students have their
    birthdays n May?
    5)Wmen'sDayisatthethirdfMarch.6)Icanjg t schl n the
    mrning.
    7) Did yu water trees at the farm?8) Can yu cme and help me n my
    English?
    9)IusuallytakephtsinSundaymrning.10)Whatdid
    yu d n the Spring Festival?
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    ]
    [ 在此处键入
    词七、动
    这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称,其中包括be 动词、情态动词、助动词、行为动词(就是我们平时总说的那种动词)。
    动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分,如不能一眼看出,可用如下方法:
    先用“一(量词)”(如:一个、一张等)和这个词连起来说,如说得通,一般认为是名词;说不通再用“很”去判断,就是把“很”和为个词连起来说,说得通一般就是形容词;都说不通就是动词。(目前我们学过的,以后可能不同)
    (另外一些很明显的,如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道)
    1 、be 动词( am, is, are, was, were)
    am—was, is– was, are--were口诀:我用 am,你用 are, is用在他她它,所有复数全用are 。
    肯定和否定句I am (nt) frm Lndn. He is(nt) a teacher.
    She is(nt) in the dining rm. My hair is(nt)
    lng. Her eyes are(nt) small.
    一般疑问句 Am Ia Chinese?Yes,yuare.N,yuaren't.Are they American? Yes,
    they are. N, they aren't.
    Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. N, it isn't.
    be 动词的否定形式: am nt(没有缩写形式), are nt = aren't,
    is nt = isn't。
    练一练
    1、用 be 动词的适当形式填空。
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    yur brther in the classrm? 6)Hw yur father?
    1)I a by. yu
    a by?
    N,
    I

    nt.
    2

    The girl Jack's sister.
    3)The dg talland fat.
    4

    The man with big eyes
    a teacher.
    7)Mikeand LiuTa atschl.
    Whse dress this?
    9)Whse scks they?
    10
    8
    )Wh

    I?
    11 )The jeans n the desk.
    12 )Here a scarffryu.
    13

    Here sme sweaters fr yu.
    14 )The black glves fr Su Yang.
    15

    This pair f glves fr Yang Ling.
    16 )The twcupsfmilk Sme tea in the glass.
    frme.17)
    )Ga shan's shirt ver there.
    )My sister's name
    Nancy.
    ) David and Helen frm England?21)
    There a girl in the rm.
    22 )There sme applesn thetree.23)
    there any apple juice in the bttle?
    24 )There sme breadntheplate.25)
    Yu, he and I frm China.
    26 )There a by, tw girls, three men and ten wmen in the park.
    2、助动词( d, des, did)
    d, des用于一般现在时,其过去式did用于一般过去时。它们通常用在疑问句和否定句中。它们的否定形式:d nt= dn't,desnt= desn't, did nt = didn't。
    注意:在一般现在时中, des用于第三人称单数,其余一律用助动词d ;助动词 d, des,
    did后面一定要用动词原形。
    练一练
    1、用适当的助动词填空。
    yu like this magazine?
    The girl like bread fr breakfast.
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    ---What plays games with her friends.
    she
    attheweekends?---Sheusually
    ---Wha yudlastSunday?---Iwrtetmy friend.
    ---Did yu see a Beijing pera? ---N, I .
    He nt visit a farm last Natinal Day hliday.
    They nt like playing vlleyball.
    --- Jimhavea picnicwithhisfamilyeverySaturday?
    ---Yes, he.
    9)
    day?
    HelenandYangLinggtschlnftevery
    ---Hw many kites we have? ---We have ten.
    2、找出下列句子中的错误,将序号填入题前括号内,并改正。() 1)Did yu had a big lunch with yur family
    last Spring Festival?
    ABC
    ()2)---Whatd thebyhaveinhispencil-bx?
    ---He has a rubber.
    AB
    ABC
    3、情态动词
    情态动词也是一类特殊的动词,平时我们不把它说成是动词。 情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中。
    我们现在学过的情态动词有: can 、culd、shall、shuld、will、wuld、
    may、might、must 。
    C
    (
    ) 3)
    They desn't like the film.
    A
    BC
    (
    ) 4)
    D Jim get up at six everyday?
    ABC
    (
    ) 5)
    Dn't giving the ball t Liu Ta.
    注意:情态动词后动词总是用原形。 (不受其他任何条件影响)
    其否定形式: can nt = can't, must nt = mustn't,注意: may
    nt和 shall nt(无缩写形式)
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    练一练
    选择填空。
    ()1)The signn thewallmeans yu stayaway frm the building.
    mustB. can'tC. shuldn't
    ()2)Hw manybks
    canC. shuld
    yuseenthedesk?A.may
    ()3)Itmeansyu shuldB.. shuldn'tC.
    can
    make niseinthelibrary. A.
    ()4)--- yulikea glassfmilk?---Yes,please.
    A. MayB. CuldC.
    Wuld
    ()5)--- yuseethesignverthere?---Srry,
    I can't.A. Can B. Can't C. Shuld
    ()6)
    MustC. Shall
    4 、行为动词
    we g ttheparkby bus?A.MayB.
    就是我们平时上课时说的动词, 表示某一动作或行为。 如:sweep 、live 等。行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式: 原形、第三人称单数 +s/es 、现在分词(也叫动名词) +ing 、过去式 +ed 。
    (1)动词第三人称单数变化规则:
    A、一般直接加“ s ”,如: play– plays, visit– visits, speak–
    speaks;
    B、以“ s ”,“x ”,“ sh ”,“ch ”结尾时,加“ es ”,如: catch– catches, watch– watches;
    C、以“辅音字母 +y ”结尾时,变“ y ”为“i ”再加“ es ”,如:carry– carries, study– studies。
    )现在分词(动名词)构成规则:
    A、一般直接加“ing”,如:g– ging,d– ding,lk– lking; B、以不发音的“ e”结尾的单词,去“ e” 加“ ing ”,如:take– taking, make– making, have–
    having;
    C、以重读闭音节结尾的词,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,需要双写这个字母再加“ ing ”,如:
    put– putting, stp– stpping, run– running, get–
    getting, swim– swimming, sit– sitting,
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    begin– beginning,
    jg– jgging, frget– frgetting。
    )过去式构成规则:
    A、一般直接加“ ed ”,如: plant– planted,visit– visited,pick
    – picked;
    B、以不发音字母“e ”结尾,直接加“ed ”,如:like– liked,hpe– hped, taste– tasted;
    C、以“辅音字母 +y ”结尾时, 变“y ”为“i ”再加“ed ”,如:try– tried,
    carry– carried, study–
    studied;
    D、有些动词要双写最后一个字母,再加“ed ”,如: stp– stpped;
    E、还有很多动词的过去式是不规则的,请记忆:
    是-am(be)-was-being;是-are(be)-were-being;是
    -be-was, were-being;
    成为-becme-became-becming; 开始-begin-began-beginning; 弯曲-bend-bent-bending;
    吹-blw-blew-blwing;买-buy-bught-buying;能
    -can-culd-----;
    捕捉-catch-caught-catching;选择-chse-chse-chsing; 来-cme-came-cming;
    切-cut-cut-cutting;做-d, des-did-ding;画
    -draw-drew-drawing;饮-drink-drank-drinking; 吃-eat-ate-eating;感觉 -feel-felt-feeling;发现
    -find-fund-finding;飞-fly-flew-flying;
    忘记-frget-frgt-frgetting;得到 -get-gt-getting;给
    -give-gave-giving;走-g-went-ging;
    成长-grw-grew-grwing;有-have, has-had-having;听
    -hear-heard-hearing;
    受伤-hurt-hurt-hurting;保持 -keep-kept-keeping;知道
    -knw-knew-knwing;
    学习-learn-learned,learnt-learning;允许,让-let-let-letting; 躺-lie-lay-lying;
    制造-make-made-making;可以 -may-might----;意味
    -mean-meant-meaning;
    会见 -meet-met-meeting;必须 -must-must----;放置
    -put-put-putting;读-read-read-reading;
    骑、乘 -ride-rde-riding;响、鸣 -ring-rang-ringing;跑
    -run-ran-running;说-say-said-saying;
    看见-see-saw-seeing;将-shall-shuld----;唱歌
    -sing-sang-singing;坐下 -sit-sat-sitting;
    睡觉-sleep-slept-sleeping;说-speak-spke-speaking;度过
    -spend-spent-spending。
    练一练
    1、写出下列动词的第三人称单数。
    drink g stay make
    lk
    have
    pass carry cme watch
    plant
    fly
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    [ 在此处键入 ]
    study brush d
    teach take see
    2、写出下列动词的现在分词。
    put give fly get
    dance sit run
    plant take swim ask
    stp take
    write have smke think want
    tell
    3、写出下列动词的过去式。
    is\am fly plant are drink
    play g
    make des dance wrry
    ask taste
    eat draw put thrw kick
    pass
    d
    4、用动词的适当形式填空。
    ( 1) I tschlfrmMndaytFriday.My brtherften
    t schl with
    me. Yesterdaywe tschltgether.Welike schl very
    much.( g )
    ) They usually lunch at hme. But last week, they
    lunch at schl.( have )
    ) That my English bk. It new. But nw it
    nt here. It there a mment ag. ( be )
    ) My sister likes very much. She ften at
    t
    ur schl festival. Last
    term, she a lt f sngs in the schl hall. She
    beautifully.( sing )
    ) What he usually n Sunday?He usually
    his hmewrk. Lk!
    He hishmewrknw. he last Sunday?
    Yes, he . ( d )
    hishmewrk
    ( 6 )D peple usually mn cakes at Mid-autumn
    Festival? Yes, they d. Did yu
    mn cakes last Mid-autumn Festival? Yes, I did. I
    a lt f delicius mn cakes. ( eat )
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    ]
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    [
    结构八、 there/here be1、there be结构表示“某时、某地存在着 什么事物或人”,包括 thereis 、thereare 、therewas 、therewere 。
    here be结构与它类似,用法也完全相同,只不过是表示“这里存在着什么事物或人”。
    2、和 have 、has 、had 的区别:
    ) Therebe句型表示:在某地有某物( 或人);而 have 、has 、had 表示:某人拥有某物。
    )在 therebe句型中,主语是单数, be动词用 is ;主语是复数, be动词用 are ;如有几件物品, be动
    词根据最近 be动词的那个名词决定——“就近原则” 。
    ) there be句型的否定句在 be动词后加 nt ,一般疑问句把 be动词调到句首。
    )therebe 句型与 have(has)的区别:therebe表示在某地有某物 (或
    人); have(has)
    表示某人拥有某物。
    ) sme 和 any 在 therebe句型中的运用: sme用于肯定句, any用于否定句或疑问句。
    ) and和 r在 there be句型中的运用: and用于肯定句, r用于否定句或疑问句。
    )针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:Hw many +名词复数 + are
    there +
    介词短语?
    Hw much +不可数名词 + is there +介词短语?
    )针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:What's +介词短语?
    ) There be结构一般用在句子的开头,而have等词只能用于某一个主语后面。
    练一练
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    1、用恰当的 be 动词填空。
    There fur seasns in a year.
    There nt any trees tw years ag.
    --- there a pst ffice near yur schl? ---Yes, there .
    ---Hw many stps there? ---There nly ne.
    There nt any stamps n the envelpe.
    there any birds in the tree?
    There ashppingcentrenearurschllastyear.
    But nw there n ne.
    There nly three f us: my dad, my mum and me.
    Here sme bread fr yu.
    In New Yrk, there a lt f rain in spring.
    2、选用“ have,has,had,thereis,thereare,therewas,there were ”填空。
    1)I agdfatheranda gdmther.2) a telescpe n the desk.
    3) He a tape-recrder.4)
    a basketball in the playgrund.
    They a nice garden.
    My father a stry-bk last year.
    a reading-rm in the building?
    What des Mike ?
    any bks in the bkcase?
    Hw many students in the classrm?
    a stry-bk n the table a mment ag.
    What d yu ?
    My parents sme nice pictures.
    sme maps n the wall.
    a map f the wrld n the wall.
    David's friends sme tents.
    many children n the hill.
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    ]
    [ 在此处键入
    的用法, any 九、 smesme用于肯定句; any 用于否定句和一般疑问
    句。请注意看例句后扩号中说明的用法。
    例: There is sme water in the glass.(肯定句)
    There are sme flwers in the garden.(肯定句) There aren't any lamps in the study.(否定句) Are there any maps n the wall?(一般疑问句)
    Wuld yu like sme range juice?(希望得到肯定回答)
    D yu want t take any phts at the party?(一般疑问句)
    [ 在此处键入 ]
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    练一练
    选用 sme 或 any填空。
    1) There isn't milk in the fridge.2) I can see cars, but I can't
    see buses.
    3)He has friendsinEngland.4)Werethere
    fruit trees n the farm?
    9)---Wuld yu like cakes? ---N, I'd nt like
    cakes, but I'd like cffee.
    10) ---Are there pictures n the wall? ---N, there aren't pictures.
    5)Hereare presents
    fr
    yu.6)DesTm want
    t take
    phts?
    7) Is there rice in the kitchen?
    8) There
    are new buildings in ur schl.
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    ]
    [ 在此处键入
    十、动词不定式1、t加动词原形构成一种非谓语形式,在这里不是介词,无词义。
    如: I want t make a New Year card.我想制作一张新年贺卡。
    Wuld yu like t have a picnic with us?你愿意和
    我们一起去野餐吗?
    2、t保留原来动词的一些特征,它可以带自己的宾语和状语等。
    如: T get there faster, yu can take bus N.5.想快一点到那儿,你可以坐5 路车。
    3、t前有时带疑问词what, when, where, which, why, hw等。
    如: He's asking Yang Ling hw t get there.他正在问杨玲怎样到达那里。
    总而言之,一定要记住:t后面用动词原形。
    练一练
    1、用扩号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
    Peplewuldlike (g )tfarmsinthecuntryside.
    It's time - ( have ) lunch
    I want ( buy ) sme presents fr my friends.
    The thief began - ( run ).
    Pleaseshuwme hw
    Wuld yu like - ( jin ) us?
    (g)ttheshppingcentre.
    Dn't frget ( write )“Happy New Year”.
    She was very glad- ( see ) them.
    Please remember ( clse ) the windws befre yu g hme.
    I'm srry ( hear ) that.
    2、圈出下列句子中的错误,并改正。
    1)Wuldyulikeg campingwithus?2)Helen, shw ux hw drawing a
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    ]
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    [
    square.
    s time fr us g t 4) It'3) I want t writes a letter t my penfriend.
    schl.
    5) Liu Ta wants t shwing Peter's phts t his mum.
    十一、动名词 其实就是动词的“现在分词” 。它既有“名词性质” (可作主语),又具有动词性质(可带宾语) 。
    如:Please keep quiet in the reading rm.还有我们的一些课题: Asking
    the
    way 中是“名词性质”;
    My hbby is cllecting stamps.中是“动词性质”,带了宾语 stamps.
    1、remember (记住)后面跟动名词, 表示“记得做过某事”;跟 t+ 动词原形, 表示“记得要去做某事” 。如:
    I remember psting the letter tday.我记得今天把信寄走了。
    Please remember t pst the letter tday.请记住今天要把信
    寄走。
    2、frget(忘记)后面跟动名词,表示“忘记做过某事(实际做过)”;跟 t+
    动词原形,表示“忘记去做某事(实际没做)”。如:
    I frget ding hmewrk this mrning.我忘记今天早上做过作业了。
    I frget t d hmewrk this mrning.我忘记今天早上做作业了。
    3、stp(停止)后面跟动名词,表示“停止做某事”;跟 t+ 动词原形,表示“停止正在做的事,而去做别的事” 。如:
    Stp smking, please.请不要吸烟。
    We are tired. Let's stp t have a rest.我们累了,让我们停下来休息一下。
    4、like(喜欢)后面跟动名词,表示一个人的爱好和习惯,意思是“喜欢干某
    事”;跟 t+ 动词原形,常用于wuld like t d smething,表示“某人想要、愿意干某事” 。如:
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    I like taking a walk after supper every day.我喜欢每天晚饭后去散步。
    I wuld like t have sme chips.我想要吃些薯条。
    练一练
    1、用扩号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
    ( swim ) is nt as fast as running.
    It's sunny tday. Let's g ( fish ).
    D yu like ( read ) English in the mrning?
    Are yu gd at ( dance )?
    Where is the ( shp ) centre?
    Wuld yu like t g ( jg ) with me?
    My hbby is ( play ) ftball.
    Su Hai likes ( watch ) cartns n Sundays.
    2、选择扩号内动词的适当形式填空。
    I'm srry ( hearing, t hear ) that.
    Jim is gd at ( swimming, t swim ).
    Shall we g ( skating, t skate )?
    Tday,my wrkis baby.
    (lking,tlk)afterthe
    I'm ging ( flying, t fly ) a kite in the playgrund.
    I like ( playing, t play ) basketball after
    schl.
    Wuldyulike
    (ging,tg )ttheGreatWall?
    JimisaskingLiuTahw t the Histry Museum.
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    ]
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    [
    (getting,tget)
    十二、时间和日期的表达
    1、有两种时间表达法:
    A)直接读写数词。如: 9:15ninefifteen10:30tenthirty11:45 eleven frty-five
    7:05seven five2:25twtwenty-five5:55fivefifty-five B)借助 past和 t来表达。 past一般用于 30 分钟以内(含 30 分钟)的时
    间表达;t一般用于超过 30 分钟的时间表达。一刻钟可以用 a quarter表示, 半小时可以用 half表示。
    如: 9:15 a quarter past nine 10:30 half past ten11:45 a
    quarter t twelve
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    7:05
    t six
    five
    pastseven2:25
    twenty-five
    pasttw5:55
    five
    注意:询问时间可用句型“ What's
    thetime?”或者“ What timeisit?”。
    2、日期的表达: the+序数词+f+ 月份。如: the third f June六月三日注意:询问日期可用句型“Whatdateisittday?”或者“ What's the date tday?”。
    练一练
    1、用两种方法表达下列时间。
    6:45
    1:58
    3:22
    9:05
    8:30
    5:50
    、用英语表达下列日期。2 三月八五月一日九月十日
    日八月三四月五日
    七月九日日
    十二月二六月二日
    一月十五日日
    3 、同义句转换,每空一词。 -five.It'selevenfrtyWhat'sthetime? 1) ------ .It's--- is it? --- 2)
    It's seven five. It's time fr breakfast. .
    It's _. It's time
    r. It's 1st Octbe---3) ---What's the date tday?
    It's--- is it tday? ---
    ] [ 在此处键入
    ]
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    [
    十三、名词所有格1、有生命的名词所有格:
    单数后加“ 's”,如:Su Hai'stwinsister苏海的双胞胎妹妹Jim's family吉姆的一家
    以“ s”结尾的复数名词, 只需加“ '”,如:Teachers'Day 教师节the twins' parents
    不以“ s”结尾的复数名词,则仍需加“'s”,如: Children's Day
    儿童节
    注意:表示两人或几人共有的物品,只需在最后一人名后加 “ 's”,如:Ben and Jim's
    bk
    2、无生命的名词所有格,一般与“f”构成短语。如:
    aphtfhisfamily他家的一张照片theclurf her skirt她的短裙的颜色
    练一练
    翻译下列词组:
    大卫的叔叔我妹妹的邮票
    妇女节老师们的办公室
    他笔友的信这本书的名字
    双胞胎的书房孩子们的爱好
    邮局的大门
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    十四、句子的种类
    类别
    例句
    用法
    标点
    陈述句
    肯定
    Thisisa bag.
    I
    like
    spring.
    .
    类别
    例句
    描述一件事情或
    者说明说话人的看法
    用法
    标点
    陈述

    否定
    Ican't
    seea bagverthere.
    I
    .
    dn't knw.
    疑问

    一般
    Areyua student?
    puppets?
    Can yu speak English?
    D
    yulike
    描述一件事情或
    者说明说话人的看法
    用于提出问题
    ?
    特殊
    when 什么时间; wh 谁; whse 谁的;
    wherewhat为什么;哪一个;在哪里;
    whichwhy什什么时间; what timewhat
    clur
    什么; what day
    怎么样; what
    abut
    么颜色;为什么日期;what
    frwhat date
    星期几;
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    何目的; hw 怎样; hw ld
    hw
    多大岁数;
    many 数量多少; hw much多少钱; hw
    abut
    怎么样; hw far
    多远
    选择
    Is yur friend a by r a girl?
    反意
    It's a fine day, isn't it?
    祁使

    肯定
    Put it here.
    表示命令、建议
    或请求
    . 或!
    否定Dn't lk at the nticebard.
    感叹句
    Whata smart
    is! scarf!
    Hw
    smartthescarf
    Hw smart
    the
    scarves
    are! What smart scarves!
    表示惊讶、喜悦、
    赞美、厌恶或愤
    怒等强烈感情
    ?
    练一练
    1 、填入适当的疑问词。
    wallet is it? It's mine.
    istheChristmasDay?It'sn the25thfDecember.
    is the diary? It's under the chair.
    is the by in blue? He's Mike.
    are the earphnes? They are 25 yuan.
    is the hair dryer? It's blue.
    is it tday? It's Sunday.
    was it yesterday? It was the 13th f Octber.
    this red ne? It's beautiful.
    is it frm here? It's abut 2 kilmetres away.
    A: Can I have sme paper and sme crayns? B: ? A: I want t make a kite.
    is yur cusin? He's 15years ld.
    d yu have dinner? At 6 'clck.
    ne is fatter, the blue ne r the red ne? The blue ne.
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    2、对划线部分提问。
    I can see eight rubbers in the bx.
    can see in the bx?
    My father is fine tday.
    yur father tday?
    Liu Ta is playing ftball in the playgrund.
    Liu Ta in the playgrund?
    The films were n the grund.
    the films?
    The girl with big eyes is my sister's friend.
    sister's friend?
    My birthday is n the 9th f September.
    yur birthday?
    I'd like a nice cake fr breakfast.
    like fr breakfast?
    That's Nancy's skirt.
    is that?
    3、按要求改写句子。
    It's a bk.(改为一般疑问句)
    it a ?
    My father is in the study.(对划线部分提问)
    is father?
    D yu watch TV every Sunday?(做肯定回答)
    , I .
    This picture is beautiful.(改为以 what引导的感叹句)
    What picture!
    Open the dr fr him.(改为否定句)
    pen fr !
    I have a big present.(对划线部分提问)
    d yu ?
    肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答
    He isrunningnw.He isn'trunningnw.---Isherunningnw?
    ---Yes, he is. / N, he isn't.
    Theyaremakinga puppet.Theyaren'tmakinga puppet.---Are they making a puppet?
    ---Yes, they are. / N, they aren't.
    There are sme range trees.(改为单数句子)
    There range .
    we are ging t see a Beijing pera.(对划线部分提问)
    What yu d?
    He has sme questins.(改为一般疑问句)
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    [ 在此处键入 ]
    he questins?
    They visited their relatives and friends last Spring Festival.(改为一般疑问句)
    they their relatives and friendslast Spring Festival?
    十五、时态
    1、一般现在时
    A、当谓语是 be 动词时,构成为:主语 +be 动词(am,is,are)+ 其他。如:
    I am a student.
    B、当谓语是行为动词时,构成有两种:
    (1)主语(非第三人称单数) +动词原形 +其他。如: WeftenwatchTV at the weekends.
    (2)主语(第三人称单数)+动词第三人称单数形式 +其他。
    [ 在此处键入 ]
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    如: Jim usually ges t the park n Sundays.
    C、句型变换:
    肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答
    They watch TV at six everyday. They dn't watch TV at six everyday.
    ---D they watch TV at six everyday.
    ---Yes, they d. / N, they dn't.
    She watches TV at six everyday. She desn't watch TV at six everyday.
    ---Des she watch TV at six everyday.
    ---Yes, she des. / N, she desn't.
    肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答
    They watch TV at six everyday.
    She watchesTV at six everyday.
    Theydn'twatchTV at six everyday.
    TV at She desn't watchsix everyday.
    ---D they watch TV at six everyday.
    .
    dn't---Yes,theyd./N,they
    ---Des she watch TV at six everyday. . desn't---Yes, she des. / N, she
    练一练
    A 、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。2)DanielandTmmy
    in 1) He ften ( have ) dinner at hme. Class One.
    Nick ( nt g ) t the z n 3) We ( nt
    (be )
    watch ) TV n Mnday.
    Sunday.
    ( be ) sme water in the 6) There5) they ( like ) the Wrld Cup?
    bttle.
    yur parents ( read ) newspapers every day?
    Mike ( like ) cking.
    10) They yur hmewrk well. hbby.
    (have)thesame9)Yualways
    (d)
    12) Liu Ta ( d ) nt 11) My aunt ( lk )
    after her baby carefully. like PE.
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    13)SheandI
    (take
    )a walktgether
    every
    evening.
    B、按要求转换句子,每空一词。
    1) Tm likes playing basketball with his friends.
    (改成否定
    句)
    Tm playing basketball with his friends.
    2) David's parents ften take a walk after supper.
    (改为一
    般疑问句并作出否定回答)
    --- David's
    --- N, .
    parents
    ften
    a walkafter
    supper?
    3) They usually watch TV.
    (对划线部分提问)
    they usually ?
    Sheisalwaysa gdstudent.(改为一般疑问句并作出肯定回答)
    --- always a student? --- ,
    .
    Simn and Daniel like ging skating.(改为否定句)
    Simn and Daniel ging .
    2、现在进行时
    A、构成形式:主语 +be 动词+动词的 ing形式+其他。
    B、判断依据:句中往往有nw、lk、listen等词。注意:千万不要忘了一定得有 be 动词。
    C、句型变换:
    练一练
    A、用所给的动词的正确形式填空。
    The by ( draw ) a picture nw.
    What yu ( d ) nw?
    Listen.Sme girls (sing)intheclassrm.
    My mther ( ck ) sme nice fd nw.
    Lk. They ( have ) an English lessn.
    They ( nt water ) the flwers nw.
    Lk!thegirls (dance)intheclassrm.
    What is ur granddaughter ding? She ( listen ) t music.
    Helen
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    ( wash )clthes? Yes, she is .
    B、根据中文,完成句子,每空一词。
    刘涛的父亲正在浇花。 Liu Ta's father is .
    看,孩子们正在操场上踢足球。Lk! The children
    in the playgrund.
    她正在公园里散步吗?是的。---
    park? ---Yes, she .
    Jack正在哪读书?在他书房。
    she a walk in the
    ---
    .
    3、一般过去时
    Jack
    thebknw?---Heis
    A、构成形式:主语 +动词的过去式 +其他。
    注意:没有 be 动词的否定句和疑问句中,用didn't否定和用 did提问后, 动词一定要用原形。
    B、判断依据:( 1) be 动词是 was 、were ;( 2)动词加 ed ;( 3)有表示过去的时间状语,现在学过的常用的表示过去的时间状语有:justnw ,a mment , yesterday, last week,last night,last weekend,last year, last mnth, three days ag, tw weeks ag,five years
    ag
    肯定句
    I was a teacher five years ag.
    否定句
    wasn't a teacher five I years ag.
    一般疑问句及回答
    ---Were
    ag? .
    yua teacher
    five
    years
    They played many
    games yesterday.
    didn't play many
    They games yesterday.
    ---Yes, I was. / N, I wasn't
    Did they play many games yesterday? t. didn'Yes, they did. / N, they
    练一练
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    C、句型变换:
    A、用动词的适当形式填空。
    1) It ( be ) Ben's birthday last Friday.2) We all ( have ) a gd time last
    night.
    3) He ( jump ) high n last Sprts Day.4) Helen
    ( milk ) a cw n Friday.
    She likes newspapers, but she a bk yesterday. ( read )
    He ftball nw, but they basketball just nw. ( play )
    Jim's mther ( plant ) trees just nw.
    they ( sweep ) the flr n Sunday? N, they .
    I ( watch ) a cartn n Mnday.
    We ( g ) t schl n Sunday.
    B、按要求改写句子。
    My father came t the shp just nw.(改为否定句)
    My father t the shp just nw.
    I watched TV last night.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
    --- yu TV last ? --- , .
    Theirteachertldthema stryyesterday.(对划线部分提问)
    their teacher them yesterday?
    They were n the farm last Saturday.(改为否定句)
    They n the farm last Saturday.
    DavidandLiuTadidtheirhmewrktgethera mmentag.
    (改为一般疑问句)
    DavidandLiuTa
    .
    hmewrktgether
    4、一般将来时
    A、构成形式:( 1)主语+be ging t+动词原形 +其他。(2 )主语+will+动词原形+其他。
    B、判断依据:一个句子中既有be 动词,又有 ging、t和动词,且动词用的
    是原形,句中
    往往有 tmrrw、sn 、next week等词。
    肯定句
    She is ging t have a picnic tmrrw.
    They are ging t visit their grandparents next
    Sunday.
    否定句
    She isn't ging t have a picnic tmrrw.
    一般疑问句及回答
    ---Is she ging t have a
    picnic
    tmrrw?---Yes,
    she
    They
    aren't
    ging
    t
    visit their
    grandparents next Sunday.
    is. / N, she isn't.
    --Are they ging t visit their grand parents next Sunday? ---Yes, they are. /
    N, they aren't.
    t。问句中不要用到We'regingtBeijing.
    注意: ---Where
    areyu
    ging? ---
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    C、句型变换:
    练一练
    A、根据中文,完成句子,每空一词。
    我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
    I have a picnic with my friends.或者:
    Ihave a picnic with my friends.
    下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。
    ---What next Mnday?---I
    play basketball.或者:
    ---What
    yud nextMnday?---I
    playbasketball.
    你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。
    --- yurmther
    ---Yes, she . She buy sme fruit.
    g shpping this ?
    4. )你们打算什么时候见面?
    What time yu meet?
    B、改写句子。
    Nancy is ging t g camping.(改否定句)
    Nancy ging t g camping.
    I'll g and jin them.(改否定句)
    I g jin them.
    I'm ging t get up at 6:30 tmrrw.(改一般疑问句)
    t get up at 6:30 tmrrw?
    We will meet at the bus stp at 10:30.(改一般疑问句)
    meet at the bus stp at 10:30?
    She is ging t listen t music after schl.(对划线部分
    提问)
    she after schl?
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    练一练
    1、用所给词的适当形式填空。
    Tdayisa sunnyday.We this afternn.
    (have)a picnic
    My brther ( g ) t Shanghai next week.
    Tm ften ( g ) t schl n ft. But tday is
    rain. He ( g ) t schl by bike.
    Whatdyuusuallydatweekends?Iusually
    (watch)
    TV and (catch) insects?
    It'sFridaytday.What
    she
    (d)thisweekend?
    She ( watch ) TV and ( catch ) insects.
    What
    n a farm.
    (d )yud lastSunday?I
    (pick)apples
    What
    (d )nextSunday?I
    (milk)cws.
    Mary ( visit ) her grandparents tmrrw.
    LiuTa (fly)kitesintheplaygrundyesterday.
    David ( give ) a puppet shw next Mnday.
    10 )I ( plan ) fr my study nw.
    2、根据中文,完成句子,每空一词。
    杨玲正在问高山一些关于公共标志的问题。
    Yang Ling is Ga Shan sme abut
    .
    David最喜爱的科目是英语。
    Favurite subject . 3)谁跑得快,男孩还是女孩?
    Wh , the bys r the girls?
    我父亲每天起床都很早,锻炼身体。
    My father up and sme exercise every day.
    你们有什么爱好?他喜欢集邮,我喜欢听音乐。
    ---What yur ? ---He stamps and I like t music.
    昨天我们想去参观博物馆,可不认识去的路。我们就问了一个警察,他告诉
    了我们路线。
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    [ 在此处键入 ]
    We
    there.
    t themuseum,butwe
    knw
    We a pliceman, and he tld the way.
    Nancy将在音乐会上演奏钢琴吗?
    Nancy t the the cncert?
    我们开始上课好吗?谁来读生词?
    we ur lessn nw?
    wuld t the wrd?
    [ 在此处键入 ]

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