英语选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection备课课件ppt

这是一份英语选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection备课课件ppt，共15页。PPT课件主要包含了语法研析等内容，欢迎下载使用。

单元语法自我探究
观察以下例句，总结直接引语变为间接引语的规则。
直接引语和间接引语1. 基本概念（1）直接引语：直接引述别人的话，把它放在引号内，叫直接引语。（2）间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。【点拨】直接引语变为间接引语时，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语等一般均要作相应的变化。
2. 人称的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，人称的变化遵循以下原则。（1）一随主：直接引语中出现的第一人称代词要按照引述动词的主语的人称变化。She said，“I wn’t be frustrated.” → She said that she wuldn’t be frustrated. 她说她不会沮丧的。（2）二随宾：直接引语中出现的第二人称代词要按照引述动词的宾语的人称变化，若引述动词后没有宾语，也可用第一人称。I tld Mary，“We will prtect yu frm infectin.” → I tld Mary we wuld prtect her frm infectin. 我告诉玛丽我们会保护她不受感染。（3）第三人称不更新：直接引语出现的第三人称代词一般不需要变化。She said t me，“They want t decrease the amunt f fat they eat.” → She tld me that they wanted t decrease the amunt f fat they ate. 她告诉我，他们想减少脂肪的摄入量。
句型转换（1）“I will cme and see yu again this evening， Tm，”she said. → She tld Tm that 　　　　 wuld g and see 　　　　 again that evening. （2）He said t me，“Yu are wrng.” → He tld me that 　　　　 was wrng. （3）“Are yu a sldier?” he asked. → He asked if/whether 　　　　 was a sldier.
句型转换（4）He asked，“Where are yu ging t get ff， Jhn?” → He asked Jhn where 　　　　 was ging t get ff. （5）“I will cme here again tday，”she said. → She said that 　　　　 wuld g there again that day. （6）He said，“I am living with my cusin.” → He said that 　　　　 was living with 　　　　 cusin.
3. 时态的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，如果主句是过去的某种时态，则间接引语的时态应相应向前推一个时态，如下所示： 一般现在时→ 一般过去时现在进行时→ 过去进行时现在完成时→ 过去完成时一般过去时→ 过去完成时过去完成时→ 过去完成时（不变） 过去进行时→ 过去进行时（不变） 一般将来时→ 过去将来时
【点拨】（1）如果直接引语中有明确的表示过去时间的状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。My mther said t me，“The museum was cmpletely transfrmed in 2017.” → My mther tld me that the museum was cmpletely transfrmed in 2017. 我母亲告诉我，图书馆在2017 年被彻底改造了。（2）如果直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。The gegraphy teacher said t us，“The earth travels arund the sun.” → The gegraphy teacher tld us that the earth travels arund the sun. 地理老师对我们说：“地球围绕太阳转。”
句型转换（1）The teacher said，“Yu are ding OK.” → The teacher said that 　　　　 　　　　 ding OK. （2）He said，“I have written a nvel.” →He said that 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 a nvel. （3）He said，“She will cme here t have a lng hliday.” → He said that 　　　　 　　　　 g there t have a lng hliday.（4）The teacher said，“Where there is a will，there is a way.” → The teacher said that where there 　　　　 a will，there 　　　　 a way. （5）Jane said，“Mary，where were yu ging when I met yu n the bus?” →Jane asked Mary where 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 when she met her n the bus.
he had written
is is
she was ging
4. 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化（1）指示代词this → that 　　　these → thse He said t me，“This is the Schl Cmputer Centre.” → He tld me that was the Schl Cmputer Centre. （2）时间状语nw → then tday → that day this mrning/week → that mrning/week yesterday → the day befre yesterday mrning → the mrning befre next week → the next week/the fllwing weeklast week → the week befre tw days ag → tw days befre tmrrw → the next day/the fllwing day the day befre yesterday → tw days befre the day after tmrrw → in tw days’ time （3）地点状语here → there （4）动词cme → g 　　　bring → take
句型转换（1）“I will cme and help yu tmrrw，Jhn，” she said. → She tld Jhn that she wuld 　　　　 and help her 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　. （2）“I’ll cme and see yu again this evening， Tim，”he said. → He tld Tim that he wuld g and see him again 　　　　 　　　　. （3）Mr Harry asked，“Jhn，have yu passed the exam yesterday?” → Mr Harry asked Jhn whether he had passed the exam 　 　　　　. （4）The ld man said，“I like t talk with these yung men.” → The ld man said that he liked t talk with 　　　　 yung men. （5）She said t me，“I lived here five years ag.” → She tld me she had lived 　　　　 five years 　　　　.
the next day
that evening
the day befre
5 .句型的变化（1）直接引语是陈述句，间接引语用连接词 that 引导，that 可省略。His mther said t me，“Mr Harry in charge f the wrk. ” → His mther tld me that Mr Harry was in charge f the wrk. 他的母亲告诉我，亨利先生负责这项工作。（2）直接引语是一般疑问句，间接引语用 whether/if 引导，疑问语序变为陈述语序，谓语动词 say（said）改为 ask（asked）。Mr Tnny said t me，“Are yur injuries severe?” → Mr Tnny asked me if/whether my injuries were severe.托尼先生问我伤势是否严重。
（3）直接引语是特殊疑问句，间接引语用原来的疑问词引导，疑问语序变为陈述语序。Mary asked me，“When did the British prince becme infected with the disease?” → Mary asked me when the British prince became infected with the disease. 玛丽问我这位英国王子是什么时候染上这种病的。（4）直接引语是祈使句，间接引语变为 ask/tell/rder sb.（nt） t d sth. 句式。He said，“Dn’t subscribe t her view.” → He tld me nt t subscribe t her view. 他告诉我不要同意她的观点。【注意】祈使句中的 please 在间接引语中必须省略。“Please pass me the pump，”he said t her. → He asked her t pass him the pump. 他请她把水泵递给他。
句型转换（1）He said，“I’ve left my bk in yur rm.” →He tld me 　　　　 he 　　　　 　　　　 his bk in my rm. （2）She said，“D yu like watching the advertisements n TV?” →She asked me 　　　　 I 　　　　 watching the advertisements n TV. （3）“Where did yu find the ads fr jbs abrad?” Bill asked. → Bill asked 　　　　 　　　　 　　　 the ads fr jbs abrad.
that had left
whether liked
where I had fund