高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle精练

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle精练，共8页。试卷主要包含了A.tk B，A.insisted B，A.injuring B，A.Since B，A.refused B，A.persnal B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
核心素养提能练
“阅读理解＋完形填空”组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A new study has discovered that meditation(冥想) and oxygen sport together reduce depression.The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination，done twice a week for only two months，reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.
“We are excited by the findings because we have seen such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non­depressed students，” said lead author Dr Brandon Alderman.“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”
Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect in combating depression. Alderman and Dr Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.
Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport.They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future，they should refocus on their breathing，enabling those with depression to accept moment­to­moment changes in attention.
Shors，who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.
The idea for the human intervention(干预) came from her laboratory studies，she says，with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.
By learning to focus their attention and exercise，people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past，Shors says.
“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health，” said Alderman.“The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项研究成果——将冥想和有氧运动结合起来治疗抑郁有很明显的效果。


1．What made the research so different?
A．Adopting a way of meaningful talk.
B．Combining the two ways to treat depression.
C．Treating depression with special medicine.
D．Comparing the depressed with the non­depressed.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”可知，这项研究第一次将冥想和有氧运动两种途径结合起来治疗抑郁。故选B。
2．The underlined word “combating” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “ ”．
A．fighting B．identifying
C．distinguishing D．examining
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。根据第一段可知，将冥想和有氧运动结合起来对治疗抑郁有很明显的效果，以及第三段第二句后半句“使患有抑郁症的学生不被问题或消极思想打败”，因此“combating”的意思应该为“防止；与……作斗争”，与fighting意思一样。故选A。
3．What did the participants do in the research?
A．They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.
B．They thought quietly and then took exercise.
C．They took exercise longer than they thought.
D．They took exercise while thinking quietly.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，这项研究的参与者先冥想30分钟，然后再做30分钟的有氧运动。故选B。
4．What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?
A．To find out certain brain cells of humans.
B．To study the production of new brain cells.
C．To offer people a new method to treat stress.
D．To decide the links between stress and exercise.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第六段中的“...she says，with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.”可知，Shors 所进行的研究的主要目的是帮助人们获得一些新的应对压力的技能。故选C。

Ⅱ.完形填空
My elder brother，Steve，in the 1 of my father who died when I was six，gave me important lessons in 2 that helped me grow into an adult.For example，Steve taught me to face the 3 of my behavior.Once when I returned in 4 from a Saturday baseball game，it was Steve who 5 the time to ask me what happened.When I 6 that my baseball had flown through Mrs Holt’s basement window， 7 the glass with a crash，Steve encouraged me to apologize to her.After all，I should not have played in the path between buildings. 8 my knees knocked as I explained to Mrs Holt，I 9 to pay for the window if she would return my ball.
I also learned from Steve that 10 property is a sacred thing.After I found a silver pen in my fifth­grade classroom，I wanted to keep it，but Steve explained that it might be important to someone else in spite of the fact that it had little value.He reminded me of 11 I’d hate to lose the small dog my father gave me to someone else.I returned the pen to my teacher，Mrs David.
Yet of all the 12 Steve gave me，his respect for life is the most vivid in my mind.When I was twelve，I killed an old brown sparrow in the park with a BB gun. 13 with my accuracy，I screamed to Steve to come from the house to have a look.I shall never forget the way he stood for a long moment and stared at the bird.“Did it 14 you first，Mark？” he asked.I didn’t know what to answer.I really felt terrible then，but that moment 15 out as the most important lesson my brother taught me.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。作者六岁的时候，父亲去世，哥哥史蒂夫的做人理念在作者的成长过程中起了很大的作用，帮助他成长为一个成年人。

1．A.interval B．absence
C．respect D．presence
答案　B
解析　interval间隔，间歇；absence缺席；respect尊重；presence存在，出席。根据下文“my father who died”可知，父亲去世了。in the absence of缺席。故选B。
2．A.memories B．truth
C．values D．honesty
答案　C
解析　我的哥哥史蒂夫在价值观念上给了我重要的启迪，这些观念帮助我成长为一个成年人。value价值观，符合语境。memory记忆；truth事实；honesty诚实。故选C。
3．A.advantages B．reasons
C．realities D．results
答案　D
解析　advantage优势；reason理由；reality现实；result结果。史蒂夫教我要面对自己的行为造成的结果。故选D。
4．A.surprise B．tears
C．joy D．smiles
答案　B
解析　surprise惊讶；tear眼泪；joy高兴；smile微笑。有一次当我流着泪从星期六的一场棒球比赛回来时，是史蒂夫花时间问我发生什么了。故选B。
5．A.took B．spent
C．cost D．paid
答案　A
解析　句意参考上题解析。take time to do sth.花时间做某事；spend...on/(in) doing sth.在(做)某事上花费……；cost的主语是物；pay for sth.为……支付。故选A。
6．A.insisted B．introduced
C．opposed D．explained
答案　D
解析　insist坚持；introduce介绍；oppose反对；explain解释。我解释说我的棒球穿过了霍尔特太太地下室的窗户，打碎了玻璃。故选D。
7．A.injuring B．damaging
C．breaking D．destroying
答案　C
解析　句意参考上题解析。break the glass打碎玻璃。故选C。
8．A.Since B．Although
C．Because D．Unless
答案　B
解析　since 既然；although 尽管；because因为；unless除非。尽管我向霍尔特太太解释时膝盖还在打哆嗦，但我还是主动提出赔偿修理窗户的钱，如果她会把球还给我。故选B。
9．A.refused B．offered
C．afforded D．sought
答案　B
解析　句意参考上题解析。offer to do sth.主动提出做某事。故选B。
10．A.personal B．valuable
C．doubtful D．whole
答案　A
解析　personal 个人的；valuable有价值的；doubtful怀疑的；whole整个的，全部的。我也从史蒂夫那里学到了个人财产是神圣的东西。故选A。
11．A.why B．when
C．how D．what
答案　C
解析　why为什么；when 当……的时候；how多么，怎样；what什么。他使我想起我父亲送我的小狗被别人拿走我是多么怨恨。故选C。
12．A.information B．descriptions
C．opinions D．instructions
答案　D
解析　information 信息；description描述；opinion意见，看法；instruction说明，教导。然而史蒂夫给我的所有教导中，他对生命的尊重是我印象最深刻的。故选D。
13．A.Proud B．Encouraged
C．Relaxed D．Excited
答案　D
解析　proud自豪的；encouraged受到鼓励的；relaxed放松的；excited兴奋的。我十二岁的时候，在公园里用空气枪打死了一只棕色的老麻雀。我为我精准的枪法感到兴奋，我尖叫着让史蒂夫出来看一看。故选D。
14．A.affect B．interrupt
C．hurt D．fight
答案　C
解析　affect 影响；interrupt 打断；hurt 使受伤；fight战斗。是它先伤害你的吗？故选C。
15．A.stands B．reaches
C．turns D．holds
答案　A
解析　stand out突出。那一刻是哥哥教给我的最重要的一课。故选A。
主观题规范练
Ⅲ.语法填空
Beijing was once a city of bikes，known as the Bicycle Kingdom,1. cars were reserved for official business and the politically powerful.However，decades of economic 2. (grow)
led to a huge flowing of cars in the city.Owning one became not just a marker of reaching the middle class but also a requirement for marriage.As the economy developed，autos pushed bikes off the roads,3. (create) heavy pollution and miserable traffic.
4． (fortunate)，now Beijing may be returning to its roots.Thanks to about 20 technology companies，brightly colored shared bikes 5. (flood) into Beijing in the last two years.Many local residents welcome the shared bikes 6. the flexibility and freedom they offer.They pick up the bikes and then ride and drop them off anywhere they like，locking the back wheel，with no need 7. (find) a fixed place.
Analyses in China say it was three factors that contribute to bikes’ 8. (increase) rapidly：a lot of cash looking for a home，a good idea and government support.“As the city’s population grew，traffic jams got 9. (bad)．” Cai，the ofo spokeswoman，said，“Shared bikes could solve the ‘last mile’ problem in 10. environmentally friendly way.”

1．答案　where
解析　考查定语从句。本句是一个定语从句，先行词为Beijing，在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
2．答案　growth
解析　考查词性转换。被形容词economic修饰，且在此处作主语，因此要用其名词形式，故填growth。
3．答案　creating
解析　考查非谓语动词。汽车代替了自行车，导致了严重的污染与糟糕的交通。故用现在分词短语作结果状语。
4．答案　Fortunately
解析　考查词性转换。此处是副词位于句首修饰整个句子。
5．答案　have flooded/have been flooding
解析　考查动词的时态。根据句中的“in the last two years”可知，用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
6．答案　for
解析　考查介词的用法。句意为：……因为它们提供的灵活和自由。介词for在此的意思为“因为”。
7．答案　to find
解析　考查非谓语动词。此处不定式作后置定语，修饰名词need。
8．答案　increasing
解析　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词contribute，故此处应用非谓语动词形式，又由bike与increase之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用increasing。
9．答案　worse
解析　考查形容词的比较等级。句意为：随着城市人口的增长，交通拥堵变得更糟。故用比较级。
10．答案　an
解析　考查冠词的用法。句意为：共享单车能够以一种环保的方式解决“最后一英里”问题。表示数量“一”，environmentally以元音音素开头，故填an。
Ⅳ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Child raising is probably one of the most difficult jobs for people to do all over the world.Since babies do not come with child raising manuals(指南)，couples，especially future mothers，have to learn from their mothers，aunts，mothers­in­law，or any other relative who is close to them.
As children grow up，parents have to find reasonable ways in order to help their children，advise them，punish them，lead them to achievements，and teach them.Sometimes children under ten may behave inappropriately.For example，they learn to say offensive words and they show no respect to their relatives.I think parents in these cases should punish their children in a reasonable way.Children must know those kinds of attitudes are not good at all.
There are many aspects which influence parents in this hard job，for example，the culture in which they live，the economic situation in their society，and the religious environment.
One group consists of people who don’t have economical resources or education.In this group，people get married when they are teenagers.Their children are taken to their grandparents’ homes，so the job of child raising is done by grandparents instead of the real parents.If the grandparents are on the sidewalks selling newspapers，cigarettes，or magazines，the children will be like them，too.Some of them even end up being wallet thieves，gang members and drug users.
Other groups of people are hard workers or well­educated.The children grow up in their parents’ homes and are disciplined and punished differently.They learn to respect other people，and they are led to achieving in schools，sports and community services.When they grow up，they often become political leaders，community leaders，and professionals in their fields.
一、仔细审题
1．本文语篇类型属于说明文；
2．人称是第三人称；
3．时态是一般现在时。
二、文本理解
细读原文，可找到概括或概述的以下四个要点句：
要点句(1)Child raising is probably one of the most difficult jobs for people to do all over the world.
要点句(2)As children grow up，parents have to find reasonable ways in order to help their children，advise them，punish them，lead them to achievements，and teach them.
要点句(3)There are many aspects which influence parents in this hard job.
要点句(4)One group consists of people who don’t have economical resources or education.Other groups of people are hard workers or well­educated.
三、组句成篇
请运用同义句转述或句子重构来替换以上要点句，并运用适当的过渡词语把它们连接起来组成一篇概要写作。
参考范文
Child raising is a tough job for couples，especially future mothers.(要点1) Parents should try every means to educate their children to behave well.(要点2) There are many factors that influence the parents in bringing up their children.(要点3) To make it clear，two different examples are given，which reveal that different family backgrounds and educational methods can surely produce different effects.(要点4)