人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection课时练习

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Unit3  Period 5  Using language（2）课时练习姓名：___________学号：_________得分：____________限时：45分I:单词填空。（每个1分，共10分）The transport system can’t cope with the v_______________ of passengers.(容量)Last week the operation  r____________ his eyesight.(恢复视力)3. Engineers carried out a thorough i___________________ of the water pump. (检查)4. The company was_____________ ￡20，000 for getting involved in illegal trade. （罚款）5. Whatever you do will have a great i__________________（对……有影响）society， so behave well. 6. The new edition of the dictionary with new idioms will _________________later this month，as you anticipate.(出版)7. The massive increase in spending failed to s___________(维持)his life when he became seriously ill. 8. He isn’t a silent boy. On the contrary，he f________________（频繁）asks questions about the Internet.9. She  b___________________　good news to（向……传播这个好消息） all her friends. 10. S________________the good chance or you will regret it. (抓住)II:根据汉语意思用恰当的结构完成句子。（每个2分，共10分）1. Smoking _____________________ his early death. There had been a prior case. (导致)2. I was nearly frozen _____________________________.寒风吹得我几乎冻僵了3. _________，he hurried to the mall. 所有工作都做完了，他匆忙去了商场。4. Your monthly budget must__________________________ the company on the first day of each month. （提交）5. Ever since our secretary walked out，the office has been  _____________(混乱)III.阅读理解。（每个2.5分）AHumans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms. Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the worms’ chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass — apparently broken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms’ stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017.Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms’ ability to break down their everyday food — beeswax — also allows them to break down plastic. ＂Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well, ＂she explains, ＂The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond. ＂Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team’s findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process — not simply ＂millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.＂1. What can we learn about the worms in the study?A. They take plastics as their everyday food.B. They are newly evolved creatures.C. They can consume plastics.D. They wind up in landfills.2. According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to            .A. identify other means of the breakdownB. find out the source of the enzymeC. confirm the research findingsD. increase the breakdown speed3. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might            .A. help to raise worms           B. help make plastic bagsC. be used to clean the oceans      D. be produced in factories in future4. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To explain a study method on worms.B. To introduce the diet of a special worm.C. To present a way to break down plastics.D. To propose new means to keep eco-balance.BSince the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot “greener” towards the environment. “We didn't know at that time that there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it，” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement. Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass­roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many, many times，” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first Earth Day. According to US government reports, emissions(排放) from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 million tons. The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9.Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier place. A kind of “green thinking” has become part of practices.Great improvement has been achieved. In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programmes; today in 1995 there are about 6，600.Advanced lights, motors, and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.Twenty-five years ago, there were hardly any education programmes for environment. Today, it's hard to find a public school, university, or law school that does not have such a kind of programme. “Until we do that, nothing else will change！” says Bruce Anderson.5. According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about ________．A. the social movement      B. recycling techniquesC. environmental problems   D. the importance of Earth Day 6. Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?A. The grass­roots level.     B. The business circle. C. Government officials.     D. University professors. 7. What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?A. They have cut car emissions to the lowest. B. They have settled their environmental problems. C. They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.D. They have reduced pollution through effective measures.8. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?A. Education.   B. Planning.   C. Green living.   D. CO reduction. IV．读后续写，阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。On a bright, warm July afternoon, Mac Hollan, a primary school teacher, was cycling from his home to Alaska with his friends. One of his friends had stopped to make a bicycle repair, but they had encouraged Mac to carry on, and they would catch up with him soon. As Mac pedaled (骑行) along alone, he thought fondly of his wife and two young daughters at home. He hoped to show them this beautiful place someday. Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him. “Man, that's a big dog!” he thought. But when he looked to the side, he saw instantly that it wasn’t a dog at all, but a wolf, quickly catching up with him. Mac’s heart jumped. He found out his can of hear spray. With one hand on the bars, he fired the spray at the wolf. A bright red cloud enveloped the animal, and to Mac's relief, it fell back, shaking its head. But a minute later, it was by his side again. Then it attacked the back of Mac's bike, tearing open his tent bag. He fired at the wolf a second time, and again, it fell back only to quickly restart the chase (追赶).Mac was pedaling hard now. He waved and yelled at passing cars but was careful not to slow down. He saw a steep uphill climb before him. He knew that once he hit the hill, he’d be easy caught up and the wolf’s teeth would be tearing into his flesh.At this moment, Paul and Becky were driving their car on their way to Alaska. They didn’t think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of the road. A bit later, they spotted what they, too, assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike. As they got closer, they realized that the dog was a wolf. Mac heard a large vehicle behind him. He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast, just a dozen yards away now.注意：   1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；   2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已为你写好； Paragraph 1:The car abruptly stopped in front of him. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2:A few minutes later, the other two cyclists arrived. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________