高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists课时作业

Section C　Using Language(Ⅰ)

课后篇巩固提升

基础夯实

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.The setting sun 　　　　　(投射) an orange glow over the mountains. 

答案cast

2.She was about to set off when a familiar 　　　　　(影子) suddenly came into her sight. 

答案shadow

3.The moon was casting a 　　　　　(彩虹) through the spray from the waterfall. 

答案rainbow

4.　　　　　 (倒出) the honey into the bowl and mix it thoroughly with the other ingredients. 

答案Pour

5.There was a vast distance between psychological clues and 　　　　　(具体的) proof. 

答案concrete

6.This 　　　　　(显微镜) can magnify(放大) bacteria three thousand times their actual size. 

答案microscope

Ⅱ.短语填空

relate to,at the same time,in the form of,cast shadows,at times,put pressure on

1.Studying abroad can be stressful,because you have to worry about adjusting to a new culture 　. 

答案at the same time

2.Generally speaking,my grandmother is nice and kind,but she can be very stubborn 　. 

答案at times

3.The severe weather in the southern region has 　　　　　　　　vegetable supplies there. 

答案put pressure on

4.Workers in big firms receive a substantial part of their pay 　　　　　　　　bonuses and overtime. 

答案in the form of

5.It is well-known that people’s health is closely 　　　　　　　　climate change. 

答案related to

6.Those clouds would have 　　　　　　　　that would have blocked some sunlight out. 

答案cast shadows

Ⅲ.完成句子

1.我们刚进屋,大雨便倾盆而下。

　　　 　　　　　　　　　　we were inside,the rain began to bucket down. 

答案As soon as

2.我们学校的每个学生在课堂上能使用电脑是可能的。

　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　every student in our school should use a computer in class. 

答案It is possible that

3.该证据表明,在鸟类学会飞翔之前,恐龙的身上就已进化出羽毛了。

　　　 　　　　　　　　　　that feathers evolved in dinosaurs before birds adapted them for flight. 

答案The evidence proves

4.实验表明这个新工艺流程是很实用的。

　　　 　　　　　　　　　　that the new process is very practical. 

答案The experiment shows

5.这房子正是她目前最需要的东西。

This house is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　most at present. 

答案what she needs

6.听起来好像某人正在敲门。

It 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　someone is knocking at the door. 

答案sounds as if

素养提升

Ⅳ.完形填空

主题语境:感恩　语篇类型:记叙文　词数:265

难度:★★☆☆

It was New Year time.We were travelling in a van (小型货车) distributing toys to the homeless.When we 　1　 the spot,something caught my eyes.Something or someone was moving in the rubbish.Soon I 　2　 that it was the home of a poor family.There were two 　3　,both about my age at the time,and a lady I supposed to be their mother.They sat there hopelessly. 

As a little girl myself I was　4　 interested in the little girl.How 　5　 our lives were.She lived for the day,　6　 through the rubbish for something to fill her stomach.I on the other hand was well looked after and never had to worry about 　7　.I had a good education and thus a 　8　 future.I looked at the little girl.The only 　9　 she had was the worn-out dress that she was wearing. 

Seeing this little girl I made the decision to give away a doll that had belonged to me for a while.When the van came to a 　10　,I stepped out,called the girl over and placed the doll in her hand.At first she looked at me with 　11　 and wasn’t certain what to do,but then she smiled and I saw 　12　 in her eyes.I went back into the vehicle and we started to 　13　 off,and that’s when we realized the little girl was running 　14　.We stopped again and opened the door.The girl had 　15　 with us.She looked directly at me and said two simple words “Thank You”. 

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文通过一个贫穷小女孩接受礼物的故事告诉人们要懂得感恩。

1.A.left B.changed

C.chose D.approached

答案D

解析根据下文中的“When the van came to a 　　　,I stepped out”可知,当我们接近(approached)目的地的时候,有东西引起了“我”的注意。 

2.A.guaranteed B.realized

C.decided D.accepted

答案B

解析根据空后的“it was the home of a poor family”并结合语境可知,“我”很快意识到(realized)那是一户贫困人家的家。

3.A.boys B.children

C.drivers D.adults

答案B

解析根据下文中的“both about my age at the time...”及第二段的“As a little girl myself”可知,当时那里有两个和“我”的年龄差不多大的孩子,还有一位女士,可能是他们的母亲。

4.A.still B.less

C.especially D.probably

答案C

解析根据语境可知,作为一个小女孩,“我”尤其(especially)对那个小女孩感兴趣。

5.A.similar B.different

C.difficult D.ordinary

答案B

解析根据下文中的“She lived for the day...to fill her stomach”和“I on the other hand was well looked after...a 　　　future.”可知,我们的生活差别(different)很大。 

6.A.searching B.getting

C.running D.breaking

答案A

解析根据上文中的“Something or someone was moving in the rubbish.”可知,当时那个小女孩在垃圾堆里寻找(searching)东西以填饱自己的肚子。

7.A.food B.safety

C.health D.transport

答案A

解析根据上文可知,那个小女孩在垃圾堆里寻找食物,而“我”却得了很好的照顾,从来不用担心食物。

8.A.doubtful B.distant

C.promising D.foreseeable

答案C

解析根据该空前的“I had a good education”可知,“我”接受了良好的教育,“我”也有一个有前途的(promising)未来。

9.A.present B.decoration

C.requirement D.possession

答案D

解析根据上文的内容并结合语境可推知,那个小女孩仅有的财产(possession)就是她身上穿的那件破旧的裙子。

10.A.station B.stop

C.street D.signal

答案B

解析根据上文可知,“我”决定把自己的玩具娃娃送给那个小女孩,所以当车一停下(stop)来,“我”立刻下车,叫那个小女孩过来,然后将玩具娃娃放在她的手里。

11.A.anger B.pain

C.surprise D.disappointment

答案C

解析根据空后的“and wasn’t certain what to do”和语境可知,那个小女孩刚开始惊讶地看着“我”。

12.A.hope B.loneliness

C.anxiety D.astonishment

答案A

解析根据上文可知,那个小女孩一家绝望地坐在垃圾旁边,并结合语境可知,“我”将玩具娃娃放在她手里,她对“我”微笑,“我”从小女孩的眼中看到了希望(hope)。

13.A.walk B.get

C.lift D.drive

答案D

解析根据下文中的“We stopped again”可知,“我”回到车上,我们开车(drive)离开,那时我们才意识到,那个小女孩正在后面(behind)追赶我们。

14.A.behind B.away

C.out D.in

答案A

解析参见上题解析。

15.A.got along B.come along

C.caught up D.turned up

答案C

解析根据上文的“We stopped again and opened the door.”可知,小女孩追上了我们。catch up with“追上,赶上”。

Ⅴ.语法填空

主题语境:科技　语篇类型:记叙文　词数:201　难度:★★★☆

When I approached the hotel in Guanshanhu district of Guiyang,my memory flashed back to when I first attended the big data expo.

The city has become more modern,　1　(advance) and intelligent,which is apparent by the many high-rise buildings and broad,busy streets.The landscape around the hotel reminds me 　2　the Beijing CBD,only more quiet.　3　(surprise),the 60,000-square-meter exhibition area was still crowded with people even at 4 pm,one hour before closing time.　4　(visitor) waited in long queues to try out cutting-edge technologies. 

There are devices 　5　can test your body fat,sugar and protein rate by 　6　(stand) on them for about two seconds.By giving the right gesture,the cartoon images of horses or birds appear on the screen.I can see the joy and 　7　(excite) of people when they engage with this technology. 

Just like the theme of the expo-Innovative Development,Digital Future—the futuristic scene 　8　(show) in this city every day has caught people’s attention and people are willing to try out what’s new.The spirit of inclusiveness 　9　(open) the gate to a new digital era,and that’s important for building 　10　innovation-driven society. 

答案与解析

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了参加大数据博览会时,看到了大数据是如何进入人们生活的。

1.advanced　考查形容词。根据上文的modern和and后的intelligent可知,此处为并列的形容词作表语,故填advanced,表示“先进的”。

2.of　考查介词。remind sb of sth为固定用法,表示“使某人想起某事,提醒某人某事”,故填of。

3.Surprisingly　考查副词。此处修饰后面整句话,且位于句首,需大写,故填副词Surprisingly。

4.Visitors　考查名词。visitor一词为可数名词,前面无表示单数概念的词修饰,且位于句首,需大写,故填复数Visitors。

5.that/which　考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知,此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是devices,指物,定语从句的关系代词用that/which。故填that/which。

6.standing　考查非谓语动词。介词by后跟动词-ing形式作宾语,故填standing。

7.excitement　考查名词。and连接两个并列的成分,此处用名词作动词see的宾语,故填excitement。

8.shown/showed　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处用非谓语动词;the futuristic scene与show构成逻辑上的被动关系,用过去分词作后置定语,故填shown/showed。

9.opens　考查动词时态。主语The spirit of inclusiveness为不可数名词,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,时态用一般现在时陈述客观事实,故填opens。

10.an　考查冠词。此处修饰单数可数名词society,表示泛指“一个……的社会”,且innovation以元音音素开头,故填不定冠词an。

Ⅵ.概要写作

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇 60词左右的内容概要。

Although being famous might sound like a dream coming true,today’s stars,feeling like zoo animals,face pressures that few of us can imagine.They are at the center of much of the world’s attention.Paparazzi(狗仔队) camp outside their homes,cameras ready.Tabloids(小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives.Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature.

According to the psychologists,celebrities(名人) worry constantly about their public appearance.Eventually,they start to lose track of who they really are,seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them,not as the people they were before everyone knew their names.Over time,they feel separated and alone.

The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages.In the 4th century B.C.,painters followed Alexander the Great into battle,hoping to picture his victories for his admirers.When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century,his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans,leading him to complain about his lack of privacy.Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.

Being a public figure today,however,is a lot more difficult than it used to be.Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras.When they say something silly or do something ridiculous,there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.

If fame is so troublesome,why aren’t all celebrities running away from it?The answer is there are still ways to deal with it.Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities.They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.With these effective approaches,some celebrities relieve the stress and remain popular with fans.Consequently,though being famous is driving some stars crazy,some wise ones enjoy what reputation brings them.

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参考范文

Living in the public gaze,stars suffer from great pressure.(要点1) What’s worse,anxiety over their public appearance robs them of the objective self-image,which leads to the feeling of isolation in the long term.(要点2) While being tracked has been a headache to celebrities for centuries,modern cameras and the Internet make it harder to be famous nowadays.(要点3) However,by dealing with the stress wisely,stars still can stay popular and happy.(要点4)