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高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters课前预习课件ppt
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters课前预习课件ppt，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了rose，nervous ，shake，dirt，injured，destroyed ，trapped，care，shelters ，阅读技巧点拨等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Unit 4 Natural Disasters Reading and Thinking (1)
1.Discussing—What d yu think may happen befre an earthquake?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.Predicting—Lk at the title and the picture and predict what the text is prbably abut.
_____________________________________________________________
Bright lights in the sky may appear.Animals may be t nervus t eat.Mice may run ut f hles lking fr places t hide.Fish may jump ut f their pls and pnds.Well walls may have deep cracks.
A terrible earthquake is likely t happen.
1.First reading—Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A.The earthquake caused unbelievable destructin t Tangshan.Para.2 B.The earthquake happened and caused deaths and injuries in Tangshan.Para.3 C.Help came sn after the quakes.Para.4 D.Strange things happened，but n ne paid attentin t them.Para.5 E.Tangshan came back t life again.
答案 Para.1 D Para.2 B Para.3 A Para.4 C Para.5 E
2.Secnd reading—Chse the best answer accrding t the text.
(1)When did the earthquake happen?A.At night n July 28, 1976. B.On the mrning f July 28, the afternn f July 28, 1976. D.The writer didn’t tell us.(2)Hw many peple wh lived there were dead r injured?A.A half. B.Tw third. D.The text didn’t tell us.
(3)What des the sentence “Slwly, the city began t breathe again.” mean?A.The city will nt die; it has hpe and it can recver frm the army sent 150, 000 sldiers t Tangshan t help f thusands f peple were f the 10, 000 miners were rescued.
答案 (1)B (2)B (3)A
3.Third reading—Fill in the blanks accrding t the text.
imprvements
1.Cmpared with Wenchuan Earthquake, why did Tangshan Earthquake cause such great lsses?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Peple tk n ntice f the signs befre the earthquake./Peple thught little f the earthquake. /Peple didn’t make gd preparatins fr the earthquake. /They lack knwledge abut hw t survive the earthquake. /The buildings were nt strng enugh t resist...
2.Imagine the rm begins t shake and yu must leave it right away. Yu have time t take nly ne thing. What will yu take? Why?________________________________________________________________3.Grup wrk: Make a pster abut earthquakes in grups.________________________________________________________________
The answer is pen.
怎样理清文章的篇章结构？
阅读一篇文章，首先要知道这篇文章是围绕什么而展开的、是怎样展开的，这就是文章的篇章结构问题。理清文章和段落的组织结构有助于我们更加清晰地把握文章的脉络，理解作者的观点在文章中是如何提出、展开的。理清了文章结构不但可以帮助我们理解和记忆文章的主要信息，还可以帮助我们极大地提高阅读效率。学会有选择地阅读，哪些语句可以跳读、粗读，哪些语句需要精读、细读。本篇文章结构：____________结构；文章是以____________组织的。
语言现象感知Ⅰ.单词理解
体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义1.He was bleeding frm the head and suffering frm glasses were buried under a pile f papers. ____________
写出下列词块的含义1.tens f thusands f____________2.bury the dead____________3.the rest f the wrld ____________4.in the well walls____________
写出下列词块的含义5.as usual____________6.lk fr places t hide ____________7.get up n ne’s feet____________8.becme a hme t_______________
1.同词重复表强调Fr several days the water in the village wells rse and fell, rse and 用作连词，引导状语从句。Everywhere survivrs lked, there was nthing but ruins.3.把无生命的事物当作有生命的事物来描写，这种方法叫做拟人。Slwly, the city began t breathe again.[思考] 请你在文中找出类似的拟人句：_______________________________________________________________
The city began t revive itself and get up n its feet again.
Reading and Thinking (2)
Sectin Ⅲ Reading and Thinking(2)
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1.In rder t catch the bear, sme villagers set a ____________(陷阱) and cvered it with sme spite f great ____________(努力), we failed t carry ut ur plans (智慧) is knwing what t d ’t leave the lights n. It wastes ____________(电).
electricity
5.Jill’s last schl reprt ____________(shck) his parents int changing their finally brught an end t her ____________(suffer) since he mved there，he ____________(bury) himself in his research wrk.8.I like getting up early in the mrning. The mrning air is gd t ____________(breath).
has buried
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1.The city lay ________________(破败不堪) after the earthquake. Nw, rws f huses are being was reprted that an American cuple had ________________(掘出) a lt f gld cins frm their wn I gt up with a headache, I went t wrk ________________(像往常一样) we ________________(穿过) the field we’ll get there befre that success is getting up just ne mre time than yu ________________(跌倒).
1.The strm ruined the crps, and the whle village was almst in ruins after the hurricane.暴风雨毁坏了庄稼，整个村子在飓风过后几乎变成了废墟。2.As sn as the cat is trapped, cmpletely cver the trap and remve the trap frm the area.一旦那只猫被困住，把圈套完全盖住并把圈套从该地区移开。
名词后缀：-ing，-ity，-dm1.suffer(v.)→suffering2.electric(adj.)→electricity3.wise(adj.)→wisdm
1.Mice ran ut f the fields lking fr places t hide, and fish jumped ut f the water.老鼠从田里跑出来寻找藏身之处，鱼从水里跳了出来。[仿写] 他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。All night lng he lay awake, seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end！仿佛到了世界末日！[仿写] 看起来这条河好像不干净，不能游泳。_______________________________________ the river isn’t clean enugh t swim here.(陈述语气)
thinking f the prblem
It lks as if
3.Everywhere survivrs lked, there was nthing but ruins.幸存者们向四周看看，除了废墟什么也没有。[仿写] 无论走到哪里，她都受到热烈欢迎。_______________________________, she receives a warm ，fd，and electricity were hard t get.水、食物和电是很难得到的。 [仿写] 他说这个问题不难解决。He said that the prblem __________________________________________.
Everywhere she ges
was nt difficult t settle
1.现在分词短语作伴随状语。2.It seems/lks as if...看起来好像……3.everywhere作连词，意为“无论哪里”，引导状语从句。4.“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构。
Understanding in cntextTHE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP
Strange things were happening in the cuntryside f nrtheastern Hebei. Fr several days，the water in the village wells rse and fell, rse and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. At least ne well had sme smelly gas cming ut f it. Chickens and even pigs were t nervus t eat, and dgs refused t g inside buildings. Mice ran ut f the fields lking fr places t hide, and fish jumped ut f the water. At abut 3:00 am n 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky utside the city f Tangshan and lud nises were heard. But the city’s ne millin peple were asleep as usual that night.
[文化视窗]地震前常见征兆
1.动物表现异常，例如：大量的蛇爬出洞来长距离迁移；家禽家畜不吃不喝，狂叫不止，不进窝圈；大量的老鼠白天出洞，不畏追赶；动物园里的动物萎靡不振，卧地不起等。2.地下水发生异常，例如：震区的枯井突然有了水，井水的水位突然大幅度上升或下降，井水由苦变甜、由甜变苦等。
1.Chickens and even pigs were t nervus t eat, and dgs refused t g inside buildings. 鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃东西，狗也拒绝进入建筑物。
【句式解读】 意为“太……而不能……”，t修饰形容词或副词，t后接动词原形。【用法总结】(1)在“”结构中有时出现可数名词单数，而该结构的形式通常为“t＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数”。①The sentence is t difficult fr me t translate.＝The sentence is difficult enugh fr me t translate.这个句子太难我翻译不了。
②Yur brther is t yung a by t be fit fr the wrk.＝Yur brther is s yung a by that he is nt fit fr the wrk.你弟弟太小还不能胜任这项工作。(2)结构表示肯定意义的情况当t之后跟表示主语的态度、情感、心情或倾向的词，如glad，eager，anxius，happy，ready，nervus，pleased等时。当“”结构中含有nt或never等否定词时。
③He is just t eager t knw the result f the exam.他只是太想知道考试成绩。④Yu will be never t careful t g acrss the street.过马路时，你再小心也不为过。
[巩固内化] 同义句转换①The huse is nt cheap enugh fr me t buy.→The huse is ____________________________________________________.→The huse is ____________________________________________________.②The prblem is t difficult fr me t wrk ut.→The prblem is ___________________________________ I can’t wrk it ut.③Hearing the news, the teacher was s happy.→The teacher was __________________________________________ the news.
t expensive fr me t buy
expensive enugh fr me t buy
s difficult that
t happy t hear
Understanding in cntext
At 3: 42 am, everything began t shake. It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end! Eleven kilmetres directly belw the city, ne f the mst deadly earthquakes f the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage mre than 150 kilmetres away in Beijing. Nearly ne third f the whle natin felt it! A huge crack, eight kilmetres lng and 30 metres wide, cut acrss huses, rads, and waterways. Hard hills f rck became rivers f dirt. In less than ne minute, a large city lay in ruins. Tw thirds f the peple wh lived there were dead r injured. Thusands f children were left withut parents. The number f peple wh were killed r badly injured in the quake was mre than 400, 000.
Everywhere survivrs lked, there was nthing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destryed. Abut 75 percent f the city’s factries and buildings, 90 percent f its hmes, and all f its hspitals were gne. Bricks cvered the grund like red autumn leaves, but n wind culd blw them away.. Mst bridges had fallen r were nt safe t crss. The railway tracks were nw useless pieces f metal. Tens f thusands f cws, hundreds f thusands f pigs, and millins f chickens were dead. Sand nw filled the wells instead f water. Peple were in shck—and then, later that afternn, anther big quake shk Tangshan again. Even mre buildings fell dwn. Water, fd, and electricity were hard t get. Peple began t wnder hw lng the disaster wuld last.
[文化视窗]20世纪中国3次大地震
1.1976年7月28日，中国唐山发生里氏7.8级大地震，造成242 769人死亡。2.1927年5月23日，中国甘肃古浪发生8.0级地震，死亡4万余人。3.1920年12月16日，中国宁夏回族自治区南部海原县一带发生8.5级地震，死亡28.8万人。
唐山被夷成废墟，682 267间民用建筑中有656 136间倒塌或受到严重破坏，242 769人死亡，164 851人重伤，4 204个孩子成了孤儿。直接经济损失达30亿元人民币以上。地震罹难场面惨烈到极点，为世界罕见。
2.ruin n.&vt.破坏；毁坏
[合作探究] 体会ruin的用法和意义The whle city lay in ruins after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。Heavy smking ruins yur health, s yu shuld give up smking.吸烟过量损害你的健康，因此你应该戒烟。
If yu dn’t give up the cmputer games, yu’ll ruin yurself.如果再不戒掉电脑游戏，你会毁了自己的。Shrtly after suffering frm a big earthquake and being reduced t ruins, the city tk n a new lk.在遭受大地震并沦为废墟之后不久，这座城市就呈现出新的面貌。
[自主发现]①________________ 成为废墟；毁灭② ruins 使……成为废墟③________________ 自我毁灭
be/lie in ruins
ruin neself
[巩固内化] 补全句子①He ____________________ thrugh drinking when he was yung.他年轻时喝酒毁了他的健康。②Three days later, the fire was put ut and sme 500 blcks ____________________.三天后火被扑灭了，大约500个街区夷为平地。
ruined his health
lay/were in ruins
[思考] 表示“破坏”的单词还有哪些？请说出它们的区别。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)ruin指毁坏某种好的或者有用的东西。用作名词，意为“毁灭；废墟”。(2)damage损坏、毁坏，指部分损坏，降低某物的价值，通常接物。(3)destry指彻底地破坏，一般不可修复，常作“破坏；毁灭”讲。也可以指希望、计划等的破灭。
3.shck n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊 shcked adj.震惊的；惊讶的 shcking adj.令人震惊的
[合作探究] 体会shck的用法和意义I lked at my husband in shck, waiting fr him t tell me that I had misunderstd everything. But he nly shk his head.我震惊地望着丈夫，期待他告诉我，这一切都是我的误解。但他只是摇了摇头。His situatin was a great shck t us all.他的处境使我们大家都大为震惊。I was shcked t hear that ur factry wuld have t clse.听说我们工厂将被迫关闭，我非常震惊。
The news f his sudden death is s shcking that everyne is very shcked at it.他突然死亡的消息如此令人震惊，以至于每个人听到时都感到很震惊。[自主发现]①____________ shck 震惊；吃惊②be a shck t... 使……吃惊③________________ 做某事很吃惊④be shcked ____________ 对……感到震惊
be shcked t d sth.
[巩固内化] 完成语段Peple ________________ that the UFO was flying ver the city. The ____________ news ____________ all the peple arund, which was als a great ____________ peple all ver the cuntry.人们十分吃惊地发现不明飞行物在这座城市的上空飞行，这个让人震惊的消息震动了周围的人们，也使全国各地的人们感到震惊。[思考] 请说出shcked和shcking的区别。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
were shcked t see
shcked adj.“感到震惊的”，表示人的心理状态和心理感受； shcking adj.“令人震惊的”，说明事物的性质、特征、特点等。
4.It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end! 仿佛到了世界末日！
【句式解读】 as if＝as thugh“仿佛；好像”，可用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句。【用法总结】(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的，从句要用陈述语气。
(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。·如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。·如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。·如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“wuld/culd/might＋动词原形”。
①Hurry up! It lks as if the train is ging t mve.快点！看起来火车要开了。②It was Jhn wh brke the windw. Why are yu talking t me as if I had dne it? 打破窗户的是约翰。为什么你说得好像是我打破的似的？③He pened his muth as if he wuld say smething.＝He pened his muth as if t say smething.他张开嘴好像要说什么。
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空①Tm shk his head as if ________________(say), “Dn’t trust her.”②He treats me as if I ____________(be) his wn daughter.③They talked as if/thugh they ________________(be) friends fr years.[名师提醒] as if/as thugh引导状语从句时的省略原则。as if/as thugh引导状语从句时，如果主语和主句的主语一致，且从句含be动词时，可省略状语从句的主语和be动词。从句的结构是as if/as thugh＋名词/动词不定式/形容词(短语)/介词短语/分词等。
Understanding in cntext
But hpe was nt lst. Sn after the quakes, the army sent 150, 000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead. Mre than 10, 000 dctrs and nurses came t prvide medical care. Wrkers built shelters fr survivrs whse hmes had been destryed. Hundreds f thusands f peple were helped. Water and fd were brught int the city by train, truck, and plane. Slwly, the city began t breathe again.
Tangshan started t revive itself and get back up n its feet again. With strng supprt frm the gvernment and the tireless effrts f the city’s peple, a new Tangshan was built upn the earthquake ruins. The new city has becme a hme t mre than seven millin peple, with great imprvements in transprtatin, industry, and envirnment. Tangshan city has prved t China and the rest f the wrld that in times f disaster, peple must unify and shw the wisdm t stay psitive and rebuild fr a brighter future.
十余万解放军官兵紧急奔赴灾区救援；全国5万名医护人员和干部群众紧急集结，开赴救灾前线；危重伤员由专机、专列紧急疏散转移到11个省(市)治疗。
唐山人在灾难面前所凝结出来的“公而忘私，患难与共，百折不挠，勇往直前”的抗震精神，是震中及震后建设中支撑、激励、鼓舞和引导唐山人民最终战胜地震灾害、重建家园的精神力量。
5.trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱
[合作探究] 体会trap的用法和意义When travelling they were trapped in the muntain, waiting t be rescued.旅行时，他们被困在山上，等待救援。The plice trapped him int telling the truth.警察设圈套使他讲出实情。If yu chse this way, yu’re likely t fall int a trap.如果你选择这条路，你很有可能会落入圈套。[自主发现]①___________________ 困在……中；陷在……中②___________________ 诱使某人(做)某事③___________________ 落入圈套/陷阱
be trapped in
trap sb. int (ding)sth.
fall int a trap
[巩固内化](1)补全句子①He ____________________ saying that he liked the girl.他被套出说他喜欢那个女孩。②The team ______________________________ and they were eager t wait fr rescue. 队员们困在燃烧的建筑物中，焦急地等待救援。(2)句式升级③用定语从句改写练习②____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
was trapped int
were trapped in the burning building
The team wh were trapped in the burning building were eager t wait fr rescue.
6.bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心
[合作探究] 体会bury的用法和意义She buried her face in her hands and wept.她掩面而泣。Since his wife left, he’s buried himself in his wrk.自从妻子离开以后，他一直专心于工作。Buried in his study, he didn’t knw that all the thers had left.他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。
be buried in
bury neself in
[巩固内化] 一句多译由于他埋头读书，所以他不知道外面下雨了。→___________________________________________________, he didn’t knw it was raining utside.(使用连词because)→____________________________________, he didn’t knw it was raining utside.(使用现在分词burying作状语)→_____________________________, he didn’t knw it was raining utside.(使用过去分词buried作状语)
Because he buried himself in/was buried in the bk
Burying himself in the bk
Buried in the bk
7.effrt n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
[合作探究] 体会effrt的用法和意义Anther reasn why we shuld never give up is that we can learn frm ur mistakes nly if we make an effrt.另一个让我们永不放弃的理由是，只有我们努力了，我们才能从错误中学习。The cmpany has laid ff 150 wrkers in an effrt t save mney.公司为节省资金遣散了150名工人。If it is a matter f life and death, we shuld spare n effrt t slve it.如果这是一个生死攸关的问题，我们就应该不遗余力地去解决它。
[自主发现] ①make ____________ effrt t d sth. 努力做某事②____________________ 为了做某事③____________________ 不遗余力地做某事
in an effrt t d sth.
spare n effrt t d sth.
[巩固内化] 一句多译我们将竭尽全力帮助你，但你必须做好迎接各种困难的准备。→We’ll _________________________________________ yu，but yu must get prepared t meet all kinds f difficulties.→We’ll ________________________________________ yu，but yu must get prepared t meet all kinds f difficulties.→We’ll _______________________________________ yu，but yu must get prepared t meet all kinds f difficulties.
try/d ur best t help
make an effrt t help
spare n effrt t help
8.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.受苦 sufferer n.患病者；受苦者；受难者 suffering n.苦难；痛苦
What kind f help d yu think peple wh have suffered an earthquake need? (教材P51)你认为地震灾民需要什么样的帮助？[合作探究] 体会suffer的用法和意义As far as I knw, he has ever suffered frm a serius illness.据我所知，他曾患有严重的疾病。The gas price drpped sharply, and many cuntries suffered great lsses.油价急剧下跌，许多国家遭受巨大损失。
The ld man is said t have gne thrugh varieties f sufferings during the war.据说这位老人在战争期间经历了各种痛苦。[自主发现]①suffer pain/defeat/lss/pverty/hardship遭受痛苦/失败/损失/贫困/艰难②________________ 受……之苦；患……病
suffer frm...
[巩固内化](1)选词填空(suffer/suffer frm)①Frtunately he ____________ n pain.②They ________________ all kinds f diseases in thse years.(2)单句语法填空③A lt f mney has been cllected t help thse ____________(suffer) frm the flds.
suffered frm
Unit 4 Natural Disasters Reading and Thinking (1)
1.Discussing—What d yu think may happen befre an earthquake?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.Predicting—Lk at the title and the picture and predict what the text is prbably abut.
_____________________________________________________________
Bright lights in the sky may appear.Animals may be t nervus t eat.Mice may run ut f hles lking fr places t hide.Fish may jump ut f their pls and pnds.Well walls may have deep cracks.
A terrible earthquake is likely t happen.
1.First reading—Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A.The earthquake caused unbelievable destructin t Tangshan.Para.2 B.The earthquake happened and caused deaths and injuries in Tangshan.Para.3 C.Help came sn after the quakes.Para.4 D.Strange things happened，but n ne paid attentin t them.Para.5 E.Tangshan came back t life again.
答案 Para.1 D Para.2 B Para.3 A Para.4 C Para.5 E
2.Secnd reading—Chse the best answer accrding t the text.
(1)When did the earthquake happen?A.At night n July 28, 1976. B.On the mrning f July 28, the afternn f July 28, 1976. D.The writer didn’t tell us.(2)Hw many peple wh lived there were dead r injured?A.A half. B.Tw third. D.The text didn’t tell us.
(3)What des the sentence “Slwly, the city began t breathe again.” mean?A.The city will nt die; it has hpe and it can recver frm the army sent 150, 000 sldiers t Tangshan t help f thusands f peple were f the 10, 000 miners were rescued.
答案 (1)B (2)B (3)A
3.Third reading—Fill in the blanks accrding t the text.
imprvements
1.Cmpared with Wenchuan Earthquake, why did Tangshan Earthquake cause such great lsses?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Peple tk n ntice f the signs befre the earthquake./Peple thught little f the earthquake. /Peple didn’t make gd preparatins fr the earthquake. /They lack knwledge abut hw t survive the earthquake. /The buildings were nt strng enugh t resist...
2.Imagine the rm begins t shake and yu must leave it right away. Yu have time t take nly ne thing. What will yu take? Why?________________________________________________________________3.Grup wrk: Make a pster abut earthquakes in grups.________________________________________________________________
The answer is pen.
怎样理清文章的篇章结构？
阅读一篇文章，首先要知道这篇文章是围绕什么而展开的、是怎样展开的，这就是文章的篇章结构问题。理清文章和段落的组织结构有助于我们更加清晰地把握文章的脉络，理解作者的观点在文章中是如何提出、展开的。理清了文章结构不但可以帮助我们理解和记忆文章的主要信息，还可以帮助我们极大地提高阅读效率。学会有选择地阅读，哪些语句可以跳读、粗读，哪些语句需要精读、细读。本篇文章结构：____________结构；文章是以____________组织的。
语言现象感知Ⅰ.单词理解
体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义1.He was bleeding frm the head and suffering frm glasses were buried under a pile f papers. ____________
写出下列词块的含义1.tens f thusands f____________2.bury the dead____________3.the rest f the wrld ____________4.in the well walls____________
写出下列词块的含义5.as usual____________6.lk fr places t hide ____________7.get up n ne’s feet____________8.becme a hme t_______________
1.同词重复表强调Fr several days the water in the village wells rse and fell, rse and 用作连词，引导状语从句。Everywhere survivrs lked, there was nthing but ruins.3.把无生命的事物当作有生命的事物来描写，这种方法叫做拟人。Slwly, the city began t breathe again.[思考] 请你在文中找出类似的拟人句：_______________________________________________________________
The city began t revive itself and get up n its feet again.
Reading and Thinking (2)
Sectin Ⅲ Reading and Thinking(2)
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1.In rder t catch the bear, sme villagers set a ____________(陷阱) and cvered it with sme spite f great ____________(努力), we failed t carry ut ur plans (智慧) is knwing what t d ’t leave the lights n. It wastes ____________(电).
electricity
5.Jill’s last schl reprt ____________(shck) his parents int changing their finally brught an end t her ____________(suffer) since he mved there，he ____________(bury) himself in his research wrk.8.I like getting up early in the mrning. The mrning air is gd t ____________(breath).
has buried
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1.The city lay ________________(破败不堪) after the earthquake. Nw, rws f huses are being was reprted that an American cuple had ________________(掘出) a lt f gld cins frm their wn I gt up with a headache, I went t wrk ________________(像往常一样) we ________________(穿过) the field we’ll get there befre that success is getting up just ne mre time than yu ________________(跌倒).
1.The strm ruined the crps, and the whle village was almst in ruins after the hurricane.暴风雨毁坏了庄稼，整个村子在飓风过后几乎变成了废墟。2.As sn as the cat is trapped, cmpletely cver the trap and remve the trap frm the area.一旦那只猫被困住，把圈套完全盖住并把圈套从该地区移开。
名词后缀：-ing，-ity，-dm1.suffer(v.)→suffering2.electric(adj.)→electricity3.wise(adj.)→wisdm
1.Mice ran ut f the fields lking fr places t hide, and fish jumped ut f the water.老鼠从田里跑出来寻找藏身之处，鱼从水里跳了出来。[仿写] 他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。All night lng he lay awake, seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end！仿佛到了世界末日！[仿写] 看起来这条河好像不干净，不能游泳。_______________________________________ the river isn’t clean enugh t swim here.(陈述语气)
thinking f the prblem
It lks as if
3.Everywhere survivrs lked, there was nthing but ruins.幸存者们向四周看看，除了废墟什么也没有。[仿写] 无论走到哪里，她都受到热烈欢迎。_______________________________, she receives a warm ，fd，and electricity were hard t get.水、食物和电是很难得到的。 [仿写] 他说这个问题不难解决。He said that the prblem __________________________________________.
Everywhere she ges
was nt difficult t settle
1.现在分词短语作伴随状语。2.It seems/lks as if...看起来好像……3.everywhere作连词，意为“无论哪里”，引导状语从句。4.“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构。
Understanding in cntextTHE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP
Strange things were happening in the cuntryside f nrtheastern Hebei. Fr several days，the water in the village wells rse and fell, rse and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. At least ne well had sme smelly gas cming ut f it. Chickens and even pigs were t nervus t eat, and dgs refused t g inside buildings. Mice ran ut f the fields lking fr places t hide, and fish jumped ut f the water. At abut 3:00 am n 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky utside the city f Tangshan and lud nises were heard. But the city’s ne millin peple were asleep as usual that night.
[文化视窗]地震前常见征兆
1.动物表现异常，例如：大量的蛇爬出洞来长距离迁移；家禽家畜不吃不喝，狂叫不止，不进窝圈；大量的老鼠白天出洞，不畏追赶；动物园里的动物萎靡不振，卧地不起等。2.地下水发生异常，例如：震区的枯井突然有了水，井水的水位突然大幅度上升或下降，井水由苦变甜、由甜变苦等。
1.Chickens and even pigs were t nervus t eat, and dgs refused t g inside buildings. 鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃东西，狗也拒绝进入建筑物。
【句式解读】 意为“太……而不能……”，t修饰形容词或副词，t后接动词原形。【用法总结】(1)在“”结构中有时出现可数名词单数，而该结构的形式通常为“t＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数”。①The sentence is t difficult fr me t translate.＝The sentence is difficult enugh fr me t translate.这个句子太难我翻译不了。
②Yur brther is t yung a by t be fit fr the wrk.＝Yur brther is s yung a by that he is nt fit fr the wrk.你弟弟太小还不能胜任这项工作。(2)结构表示肯定意义的情况当t之后跟表示主语的态度、情感、心情或倾向的词，如glad，eager，anxius，happy，ready，nervus，pleased等时。当“”结构中含有nt或never等否定词时。
③He is just t eager t knw the result f the exam.他只是太想知道考试成绩。④Yu will be never t careful t g acrss the street.过马路时，你再小心也不为过。
[巩固内化] 同义句转换①The huse is nt cheap enugh fr me t buy.→The huse is ____________________________________________________.→The huse is ____________________________________________________.②The prblem is t difficult fr me t wrk ut.→The prblem is ___________________________________ I can’t wrk it ut.③Hearing the news, the teacher was s happy.→The teacher was __________________________________________ the news.
t expensive fr me t buy
expensive enugh fr me t buy
s difficult that
t happy t hear
Understanding in cntext
At 3: 42 am, everything began t shake. It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end! Eleven kilmetres directly belw the city, ne f the mst deadly earthquakes f the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage mre than 150 kilmetres away in Beijing. Nearly ne third f the whle natin felt it! A huge crack, eight kilmetres lng and 30 metres wide, cut acrss huses, rads, and waterways. Hard hills f rck became rivers f dirt. In less than ne minute, a large city lay in ruins. Tw thirds f the peple wh lived there were dead r injured. Thusands f children were left withut parents. The number f peple wh were killed r badly injured in the quake was mre than 400, 000.
Everywhere survivrs lked, there was nthing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destryed. Abut 75 percent f the city’s factries and buildings, 90 percent f its hmes, and all f its hspitals were gne. Bricks cvered the grund like red autumn leaves, but n wind culd blw them away.. Mst bridges had fallen r were nt safe t crss. The railway tracks were nw useless pieces f metal. Tens f thusands f cws, hundreds f thusands f pigs, and millins f chickens were dead. Sand nw filled the wells instead f water. Peple were in shck—and then, later that afternn, anther big quake shk Tangshan again. Even mre buildings fell dwn. Water, fd, and electricity were hard t get. Peple began t wnder hw lng the disaster wuld last.
[文化视窗]20世纪中国3次大地震
1.1976年7月28日，中国唐山发生里氏7.8级大地震，造成242 769人死亡。2.1927年5月23日，中国甘肃古浪发生8.0级地震，死亡4万余人。3.1920年12月16日，中国宁夏回族自治区南部海原县一带发生8.5级地震，死亡28.8万人。
唐山被夷成废墟，682 267间民用建筑中有656 136间倒塌或受到严重破坏，242 769人死亡，164 851人重伤，4 204个孩子成了孤儿。直接经济损失达30亿元人民币以上。地震罹难场面惨烈到极点，为世界罕见。
2.ruin n.&vt.破坏；毁坏
[合作探究] 体会ruin的用法和意义The whle city lay in ruins after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。Heavy smking ruins yur health, s yu shuld give up smking.吸烟过量损害你的健康，因此你应该戒烟。
If yu dn’t give up the cmputer games, yu’ll ruin yurself.如果再不戒掉电脑游戏，你会毁了自己的。Shrtly after suffering frm a big earthquake and being reduced t ruins, the city tk n a new lk.在遭受大地震并沦为废墟之后不久，这座城市就呈现出新的面貌。
[自主发现]①________________ 成为废墟；毁灭② ruins 使……成为废墟③________________ 自我毁灭
be/lie in ruins
ruin neself
[巩固内化] 补全句子①He ____________________ thrugh drinking when he was yung.他年轻时喝酒毁了他的健康。②Three days later, the fire was put ut and sme 500 blcks ____________________.三天后火被扑灭了，大约500个街区夷为平地。
ruined his health
lay/were in ruins
[思考] 表示“破坏”的单词还有哪些？请说出它们的区别。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)ruin指毁坏某种好的或者有用的东西。用作名词，意为“毁灭；废墟”。(2)damage损坏、毁坏，指部分损坏，降低某物的价值，通常接物。(3)destry指彻底地破坏，一般不可修复，常作“破坏；毁灭”讲。也可以指希望、计划等的破灭。
3.shck n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊 shcked adj.震惊的；惊讶的 shcking adj.令人震惊的
[合作探究] 体会shck的用法和意义I lked at my husband in shck, waiting fr him t tell me that I had misunderstd everything. But he nly shk his head.我震惊地望着丈夫，期待他告诉我，这一切都是我的误解。但他只是摇了摇头。His situatin was a great shck t us all.他的处境使我们大家都大为震惊。I was shcked t hear that ur factry wuld have t clse.听说我们工厂将被迫关闭，我非常震惊。
The news f his sudden death is s shcking that everyne is very shcked at it.他突然死亡的消息如此令人震惊，以至于每个人听到时都感到很震惊。[自主发现]①____________ shck 震惊；吃惊②be a shck t... 使……吃惊③________________ 做某事很吃惊④be shcked ____________ 对……感到震惊
be shcked t d sth.
[巩固内化] 完成语段Peple ________________ that the UFO was flying ver the city. The ____________ news ____________ all the peple arund, which was als a great ____________ peple all ver the cuntry.人们十分吃惊地发现不明飞行物在这座城市的上空飞行，这个让人震惊的消息震动了周围的人们，也使全国各地的人们感到震惊。[思考] 请说出shcked和shcking的区别。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
were shcked t see
shcked adj.“感到震惊的”，表示人的心理状态和心理感受； shcking adj.“令人震惊的”，说明事物的性质、特征、特点等。
4.It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end! 仿佛到了世界末日！
【句式解读】 as if＝as thugh“仿佛；好像”，可用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句。【用法总结】(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的，从句要用陈述语气。
(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。·如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。·如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。·如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“wuld/culd/might＋动词原形”。
①Hurry up! It lks as if the train is ging t mve.快点！看起来火车要开了。②It was Jhn wh brke the windw. Why are yu talking t me as if I had dne it? 打破窗户的是约翰。为什么你说得好像是我打破的似的？③He pened his muth as if he wuld say smething.＝He pened his muth as if t say smething.他张开嘴好像要说什么。
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空①Tm shk his head as if ________________(say), “Dn’t trust her.”②He treats me as if I ____________(be) his wn daughter.③They talked as if/thugh they ________________(be) friends fr years.[名师提醒] as if/as thugh引导状语从句时的省略原则。as if/as thugh引导状语从句时，如果主语和主句的主语一致，且从句含be动词时，可省略状语从句的主语和be动词。从句的结构是as if/as thugh＋名词/动词不定式/形容词(短语)/介词短语/分词等。
Understanding in cntext
But hpe was nt lst. Sn after the quakes, the army sent 150, 000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead. Mre than 10, 000 dctrs and nurses came t prvide medical care. Wrkers built shelters fr survivrs whse hmes had been destryed. Hundreds f thusands f peple were helped. Water and fd were brught int the city by train, truck, and plane. Slwly, the city began t breathe again.
Tangshan started t revive itself and get back up n its feet again. With strng supprt frm the gvernment and the tireless effrts f the city’s peple, a new Tangshan was built upn the earthquake ruins. The new city has becme a hme t mre than seven millin peple, with great imprvements in transprtatin, industry, and envirnment. Tangshan city has prved t China and the rest f the wrld that in times f disaster, peple must unify and shw the wisdm t stay psitive and rebuild fr a brighter future.
十余万解放军官兵紧急奔赴灾区救援；全国5万名医护人员和干部群众紧急集结，开赴救灾前线；危重伤员由专机、专列紧急疏散转移到11个省(市)治疗。
唐山人在灾难面前所凝结出来的“公而忘私，患难与共，百折不挠，勇往直前”的抗震精神，是震中及震后建设中支撑、激励、鼓舞和引导唐山人民最终战胜地震灾害、重建家园的精神力量。
5.trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱
[合作探究] 体会trap的用法和意义When travelling they were trapped in the muntain, waiting t be rescued.旅行时，他们被困在山上，等待救援。The plice trapped him int telling the truth.警察设圈套使他讲出实情。If yu chse this way, yu’re likely t fall int a trap.如果你选择这条路，你很有可能会落入圈套。[自主发现]①___________________ 困在……中；陷在……中②___________________ 诱使某人(做)某事③___________________ 落入圈套/陷阱
be trapped in
trap sb. int (ding)sth.
fall int a trap
[巩固内化](1)补全句子①He ____________________ saying that he liked the girl.他被套出说他喜欢那个女孩。②The team ______________________________ and they were eager t wait fr rescue. 队员们困在燃烧的建筑物中，焦急地等待救援。(2)句式升级③用定语从句改写练习②____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
was trapped int
were trapped in the burning building
The team wh were trapped in the burning building were eager t wait fr rescue.
6.bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心
[合作探究] 体会bury的用法和意义She buried her face in her hands and wept.她掩面而泣。Since his wife left, he’s buried himself in his wrk.自从妻子离开以后，他一直专心于工作。Buried in his study, he didn’t knw that all the thers had left.他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。
be buried in
bury neself in
[巩固内化] 一句多译由于他埋头读书，所以他不知道外面下雨了。→___________________________________________________, he didn’t knw it was raining utside.(使用连词because)→____________________________________, he didn’t knw it was raining utside.(使用现在分词burying作状语)→_____________________________, he didn’t knw it was raining utside.(使用过去分词buried作状语)
Because he buried himself in/was buried in the bk
Burying himself in the bk
Buried in the bk
7.effrt n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
[合作探究] 体会effrt的用法和意义Anther reasn why we shuld never give up is that we can learn frm ur mistakes nly if we make an effrt.另一个让我们永不放弃的理由是，只有我们努力了，我们才能从错误中学习。The cmpany has laid ff 150 wrkers in an effrt t save mney.公司为节省资金遣散了150名工人。If it is a matter f life and death, we shuld spare n effrt t slve it.如果这是一个生死攸关的问题，我们就应该不遗余力地去解决它。
[自主发现] ①make ____________ effrt t d sth. 努力做某事②____________________ 为了做某事③____________________ 不遗余力地做某事
in an effrt t d sth.
spare n effrt t d sth.
[巩固内化] 一句多译我们将竭尽全力帮助你，但你必须做好迎接各种困难的准备。→We’ll _________________________________________ yu，but yu must get prepared t meet all kinds f difficulties.→We’ll ________________________________________ yu，but yu must get prepared t meet all kinds f difficulties.→We’ll _______________________________________ yu，but yu must get prepared t meet all kinds f difficulties.
try/d ur best t help
make an effrt t help
spare n effrt t help
8.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.受苦 sufferer n.患病者；受苦者；受难者 suffering n.苦难；痛苦
What kind f help d yu think peple wh have suffered an earthquake need? (教材P51)你认为地震灾民需要什么样的帮助？[合作探究] 体会suffer的用法和意义As far as I knw, he has ever suffered frm a serius illness.据我所知，他曾患有严重的疾病。The gas price drpped sharply, and many cuntries suffered great lsses.油价急剧下跌，许多国家遭受巨大损失。
The ld man is said t have gne thrugh varieties f sufferings during the war.据说这位老人在战争期间经历了各种痛苦。[自主发现]①suffer pain/defeat/lss/pverty/hardship遭受痛苦/失败/损失/贫困/艰难②________________ 受……之苦；患……病
suffer frm...
[巩固内化](1)选词填空(suffer/suffer frm)①Frtunately he ____________ n pain.②They ________________ all kinds f diseases in thse years.(2)单句语法填空③A lt f mney has been cllected t help thse ____________(suffer) frm the flds.
suffered frm
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