高中英语名词性从句详细讲解课件PPT

这是一份高中英语名词性从句详细讲解课件PPT，共40页。PPT课件主要包含了同位语从句，主语从句，are，Exercises，宾语从句，时态呼应，否定转移，我认为他不会来这里，表语从句，I语序问题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句
What I want t d is taking a bath.The news that they wn the game spread the whle schl.I dn’t think he is an hnest by.The fact is that he stle the car.D yu knw the fact that he stle the car?D yu knw the man wh is standing ver there?It is said that they wn the game.
引导名词性从句的连接词： that（无意义，不可省，不充当任何成分） whether, if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性） as if ,as thugh（均表示“好像”，“似乎”） 以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
连接代词：what, whatever, wh, whever, whm, whmever, whse, which, whichever 连接副词：when, where, hw, why, whenever, wherever, hwever连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分
不可省略的连词： 1. 介词后的连词 2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。 That she was chsen made us very happy. We heard the news that ur team had wn.
在复合句中作主语的从句.引导词有连词that，whether; 代词：wh, what ,which;副词：when ,where, hw, why等.
1.That he is a famus singer is knwn t us.(It is knwn t us that he is a famus singer.)
2.When he will g t America is nt yet fixed.(It is nt yet fixed when he will g t America.)
1.It + be + 形容词 ＋ that从句
It is necessary / imprtant/ bvius that…
2.It + be + -ed分词 ＋ that从句
It is believed that… 人们相信…It is knwn t us all that …. 众所周知…It has been decided that…… 已经决定……
3.It + be + 名词 ＋ that从句
It is cmmn knwledge that… …是常识It is a surprise that …. 令人惊奇的是…It is a fact that…… 事实是……
4.It + 不及物动词 ＋ that从句
It appears that… 似乎…It happens that …. 碰巧…It ccurred t me that…… 我突然想起……
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用 虚拟语气 “(shuld) +d”，常用的句型有： It is necessary (imprtant, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is suggested (requested, prpsed, desired, etc.) that…
主语从句中的“主谓一致”：
1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数形式.
That they will cme _______certain.
2. What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.
What he wants ______these bks.What he wants ______sme water.
1_________　in the regulatins that yu shuld nt tell ther peple the pass wrd f yur e-mail accunt. .(2005上海) A. What is required B .What requires C It is required D. It requires2. The Freign Minister said, “_______ ur hpe that the tw sides will wrk twards peace.” (2006 北京) A. This B. There is C .That is D. It is3.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,_______ ur astrnauts desire t d is walk in space.(2004 上海) A .where B .what C .that D. hw
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。
1.She did nt knw what had happened.
2. Our success depends upn hw well we can cperate with ne anther.
3. I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.
1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句 　由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如： We must never think (that) we are gd in everything while thers are gd in nthing.
注意：在demand，rder，suggest，decide，insist, desire, request, cmmand, dubt等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（shuld）+ 动词原形”。　　I insist that she (shuld) d her wrk alne. 我坚持要她自己工作。 The cmmander rdered that trps (shuld) set ff at nce. 司令员命令部队马上出发。
2. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if： a. 引导主语从句并在句首时；b. 引导表语从句时；c . 引导从句作介词宾语时；d. 从句后有“r nt”时；e. 后接动词不定式时。　　
Whether there is life n the mn is an interesting questin. 　　The questin is whether she shuld have a lw pinin f the test? 　　Everything depends n whether we have enugh mney. 　　I wnder whether he will cme r nt. Can yu tell me whether t g r t stay?
宾语从句中的“时态呼应”与“否定转移”
      若主句谓语动词为think, cnsider, suppse, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：
He tld me that he ____________ his jb. (已经完成了工作)
I think he wn’t cme here. ( )I dn’t think he will cme here. ( )
had finished
4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。例如： I knw (that) he studies English every day. I knw (that) he studied English last term. I knw (that) he will study English next year. 　　I knw (that) he has studied English since 1998. 　　
当主句动词是过去时态（culd, wuld除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。例如： The teacher tld us that Tm had left us fr America．
宾语从句中用it作形式宾语
We think it ur duty that we shuld help thers.
注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。
我发现他两天之内完成工作是不可能的.
I find it impssible that he can finish the wrk in tw days.
Exercises: “it”作形式主语或形式宾语：
1.I hate ____  when peple talk with their muths full． A. it  B. that C. these D. them 2. I feel ____ strange that he shuld be s careless. A. / B. it C. that D. hw 3. It wrried her a bit  ____ her hair was turning grey. A．while B. that C．if  D．fr 4 Will yu see t ____ that the luggage is brught back? A. weB. yurselfC. itD. them
在复合句中作主句的表语.引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样
1.问题是我们和他已失去联系.2.这就是亨利怎么解决这个问题的.3.天看起来要下雨了.
The prblem is_________________________________
This is____________________________.
It lks____________________________.
that we have lst tuch with him.
hw Henry slved the prblem.
as if it is ging t rain.
需要注意的，当主语是reasn时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。The reasn why he was late was that he missed the train by ne minute this mrning . 【注意】whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。
在句中起同位语的作用.一般放在名词fact , news , idea , prmise, thught , suggestin, belief, truth 等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词.引导词有连词 that(不能省)；少数情况下也可用连接副词等.
1.The thught that we might succeed excited idea that they shuld try a secnd time is wrth suggestin that the plan (shuld) be delayed will be discussed tmrrw.
同位语从句和定语从句的区别： that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。 I had n idea that yu were here．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略） Have yu gt the idea（that）this bk gives yu f life in ancient Greece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
1.Dris’ success lies in the fact ________ she is c-perative and eager t learn frm thers.(2006 上海春季) A. which B. that C. when D. why2.D yu have any idea_______ is actually ging n in the classrm? (2005辽宁) A. that B. what c. as D. which3. There is a feeling in me ______ we’ll never knw what a UFO is– nt ever.(2002上海) A. that B. which c. f which D. what4.Infrmatin has been put frward_______ mre middle schl graduates will be admitted int universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as
(1) They want t knw _____ d t help us. A. what can they B. what they can C. hw they can D. hw can they(2) Can yu make sure _____ the gld ring?A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice putC. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put(3) Smene is ringing Mary. G and see _____. A. wh is he B. wh he is C. wh is it D. wh it is
在名词性从句中，除了关联词在从句之首外，其它部分应用________的语序。
II.用if 或whether 填空
1. I dn’t knw _______ I’ll be free tmrrw.2. I dn’t knw _______ r nt I’ll be free tmrrw.3. The questin is ______ this bk is wrth writing.4. It depends n ______ we will have enugh mney.5. ______ they can d it matters little t yu are nt free tmrrw , I’ll g withut yu
a.主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、介词后面的宾语从句只能用________，不能用if ；b.后面紧跟 r nt 时, 用___________.
III. that  与whether / if 的选择：
(1) _____ knwledge cmes frm practice is knwn t all. WhatB. WhereC. If D. That(2) It makes n difference _____ ur sprts meet will be held this week r next week. A. thatB. eitherC. whetherD. when(3) I dubt _____________ he will cme sn.(4) I d nt dubt _____________ he will cme sn.(5) D yu dubt ____________ he will cme sn?
whether / if
表示是否时用__________,表示肯定时用_______
whether /if
1._________ I can’t understand is why he has changed his the earth is rund is knwn t us all.3. ______ he wn the race was ______ we expected.
_______只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，没有词义
_______起连接作用，且在从句中充当主语，宾语或表语， 表示“所……的”。
Ⅳ. that， what引导名词性从句的区别
Ⅴ. what & whatever wh & whever which & whichever
1.___________ is wrth ding is wrth ding well.2. __________we need is mre made the lng distance call t him is nt breaks the law will be punished.
___________________等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而____________________等引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义。
Whever,whatever
1. It's generally cnsidered unwise t give a child _______ he r she wants.which B. thatC. whatever D. all what2. These wild flwers are s special that I wuld d _______ I can t save them.which B. thatC. whatever D. all what3. _____ kills, sells r eats wild animals r birds, is t blame.AnyneB. Anyne whC. Thse whD. Thse
Ⅵ. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气：
He suggested that a meeting (shuld) be held immediately. It was suggested that a meeting (shuld) be held immediately. His suggestin was that a meeting (shuld) be held immediately.He made a suggestin that a meeting (shuld) be held immediately.
表示建议, 请求, 命令, 要求,坚持等的名词性从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气.
2.在主语从句中用来表示惊奇, 不相信,惋惜,理应如此等, 谓语动词用虚拟语气( shuld ) + d,常用句型有 1)It is necessary( imprtant, natural, strange, etc) …… that…… 2) It is a pity( a shame, n wnder etc,) ……that……
is strange that she (shuld) think s.
D yu knw the fact that he stle the car?
D yu knw the fact that they were talking abut?
注意：1. 如果是定语从句，它的从句肯定是不完整的，关系词肯定在句中充当成分的；而同位语从句中的that只起连接作用。 2. 定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，而同位语从句则解释说明前面名词的具体内容。
1.The questin is ____the film is wrth seeing. A. if B. what C. whether D. hw 2.They received rders _____ the wrk be dne at nce. A .which B. when C. / D .that 3.The reasn ____ I have t g is ____ my mther is ill in bed. A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because
Cnslidatin:
4. ___ I can’t understand is ___ she wants t change her mind. A. What; why B. Which; hw C. That; why D. What; because5. ____ his dream f ging t cllege will cme true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if6. It is knwn t us ___ where there is pllutin, there is harm. A. which B. where C. what D. that
7. I have the infrmatin ____. A. f what he’ll cme sn B. that he’ll cme sn C. f that he’ll cme sn D. his cming sn8. --- I saw yur neighbr break yur windw with a basketball. --- ____ it made me nearly mad. A. That he brke B. What he brke C. He brke D. His break
9.It remains a questin ____ we can get s much mney in such a shrt time. A. hw B. that C. when D. what10.--- Can I help yu? --- Yes, d yu knw ____? A. when cmes the bus B. when will cme the bus C. when des the bus cme D. when the bus cmes
11. He made a prmise ___ anyne set him free he wuld make him very rich. A. that B. if C. what D. that if12. They lst their way in the frest and ____ made matters wrse was ___ night began t fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. what; when D. which; what