2020-2021学年Unit 2 Morals and Virtues课时训练

Unit4 Science of the stars单元同步测试

第一部分：单项选择（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1. Though great progress has been made in astronomy in the past fifty years, ______ still much that remains mysterious to astronomers _______ the universe, even the solar system.

A. It is; of   B. there is; about   C. It is; with   D. there is; with

2.  People in China ______ full freedom of religion but any religious group that is engaged ______ something illegal shall be dismissed

  A. like; in   B. enjoy; in   C. appreciate; to   D. are fond of; with

3.  The scientists claimed( 声称) to _______ a jet plane that uses atomic energy as propelling _____, but they can’t produce an atom of evidence to prove it.

   A. design; power   B. have designed; power   C. design; force   D. have designed; strength

4.  Many environmentalists think that carbon dioxide is _______ for the global warming, which affects billions and billions of species across the globe.

A. blamed   B. to be blamed   C. to blame    D. blaming

5.  Without the atmosphere _______ our earth from the sun, it _____ be too hot for any living things to live on.

A. to protect; would   B. protecting; will   B. protests; will    D. protecting; would

6.  The constitution, unlike other forms of laws, is fundamental ______ our social system working properly.

A. for keeping   B. to keeping   C. to keep    D. with keeping

7.  He has ______ his fortune many times since he began to deal in second-hand car business.

A. added to    B. created       C. multiplied   D. risen

8.  Everybody present at the party was shocked at her violent reaction ______ the young man’s presence.

A. with    B. to    C. for    D. by

9.  Don’t worry yourself too much about the situation. _______ will get better _______.

A. Things; on time   B. Things; in time   C.  The things; with time   D. The things; on time

10. It still puzzles the science world why some mammals produce their young ______ and hatching while others _____ to young babies.

    A. lying eggs; giving birth             B. by laying eggs; by giving birth 

C. by laying eggs; give birth            D. laying eggs; giving birth

11. The parents have devoted themselves to bringing up their children and now it is time for the children, ______, to show their devotion to their parents.

   A. in their turn    B. in their return   C. in return   D. in their turns

12. The acid rain is one of the chain reactions that ______ by environmental pollution

    A. is come about    B. is caused   C. are given birth  D. are brought about

13. Oxygen usually ______ in the form of gas in nature but when made cold enough, it can also take the form of solid.

    A. remains    B. stays     B. exists   D. survives

14. The single invention of the computer _______ many new professions.

    A. gave a birth to   B. gave births to   C. gave birth to   D. gave birth for

15. –Do you know what speed _______ for a rocket to escape from the pull or gravity of the earth to send a satellite into outer space?

   ---No idea at all. I have never got the ______ of it.

    A. it needs; idea  B. is taken; hang  C. is needed; hang   D. it takes; thought

16. It is never harmful _____ you to be polite and gentle to others and ______, as is often the case, you can get what you want.

    A. to; thus   B. for; thus   C. of; therefore  D. with; however

17. It is predicted that a comet will probably hit the earth in about 10 years and scientists all over the world are thinking about possible ways to ________it from happening. Which of the following is not OK?

   A. protect    B. stop    C. keep    D. prevent

18. _______  cars when you cross the busy street. Which of the following is not OK?

   A. Watch out for   B. Look out for     C. Watch over    D. Be careful of

19. _______ you feel exhausted after the long tiring journey, you may as well take a good rest at home.

   A. So that    B. In that    C. Now that    D. In order that

20. Be careful when you open an unknown document. It might contain the deadly virus which could entirely ______ your computer system in a minute.

   A. break down    B. crash    C. block out   D. dissolve

21. ---My goodness! I failed again in the computer test.

   ---________. The world is not at an end.

   A. Look up    B. Pick up    C. Cheer up    D. Keep up

22. Nobody in the family knows for sure why ________

   A. it broke out fierce quarrels between the newly wedded couple.

   B. the newly wedded couple often broke out fierce quarrels

   C. fierce quarrels often broke out between the newly wedded couple

   D. fierce quarrels were often broken out between the new wedded couple

23.  Astronauts in a spaceship have to _______weightless conditions _______are quite different from ______ on the earth. 

    A. do with; which; those   B. deal with; that; that   C. face; which; those  D. solve; where; what

24.  The pull of gravity depends upon size, _______, upon mass. An object, whether its mass is big or small on the earth, ________in weightless conditions, like the outer space.

    A. or rather; floats    B. rather than; flies   C. to be more exact; flies   D. other than; floats

25.  If the sun’s rays were entirely _______, there would be dramatic changes in the climate on the earth, and the result could be disastrous to the human race.

    A. covered out    B. broken out    C. blocked out    D. left out

第二部分　完形填空（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

In tradition education , the teacher may feel that the students are not very grown up.  26  ,teachers are older than students,  27  teachers feel that students are  28  and do not know much about the  29  . The teachers feel that they  30  tell the students what to do most of the time, and that they must also  31  the students study specific(具体的)things. In  32  education, the teachers’  33  are very different. These teachers feel that the students are  34  first, and students second. They  35  the students to be  36  for the things that the do, just as adults  37  .

A student’s idea and feelings are just as important as the  38  . The teacher  39   the students to decide  40  they want to do, and does not make them study what they do not want  41  . The teacher lets them  42___  what to study and how  43  to study . It’s very important for the  44  to show how he or she feels  45  the students.

26. A. Usually          B. Indeed         C. Besides              D. Actually

27. A. and             B. however        C. still                 D. yet

28. A. old              B. young         C. stupid               D. clever

29. A. universe          B. culture        C. world                D. knowledge

30. A. can              B. must          C. may                 D. will

31. A. force            B. ask            C. order               D. make

32. A. open             B. traditional      C. strict               D. high

33. A. feelings           B. interests       C. methods             D. experiences

34. A. children          B. teachers       C. adults                D. human beings

35. A. refuse          B. agree           C. hope                D. wish

36. A. anxious         B. ready          C. will                 D. would

37. A. are             B. do            C. will                  D. would

38. A. adults          B. teachers        C. adult’s               D. teacher’s

39. A. allows         B. suggests         C. refuses              D. forbids

40. A. what          B. that             C. how                D. which

41. A. for            B. to              C. about               D. of

42. A. write          B. say             C. decide              D. hope

43. A. much          B. well           C. hard                 D. simple

44. A. headmaster       B. teacher      C. parent                D. student

45. A. like             B. about        C. as                   D. for

第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

                                           A

Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak , though the word “ obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the children. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.

Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store. This self-imitation(模仿) leads on to deliberate(有意的) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.

It is a problem we need to get out teeth into. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it a particular situation; and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world. Thus the use, at seven months, of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself. I doubt, however, whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds.

46. Before children start speaking______.

 A. they need equal amount of listening

 B. they need different amounts of listening

 C. they are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obeying spoken instructions.

 D. they can’t understand and obey the adult’s oral instructions

47. Children who start speaking late___________.

 A. may have problems with their listening

 B. probably do not hear enough language spoken around them

 C. usually pay close attention to what they hear

 D. often take a long time in learning to listen properly

48. A baby’s first noises are ________.

 A. an expression of his moods and feelings   B. an early form language

 C. a sign that he means to tell you something   D. an imitation of the speech of adults

49. The problem of deciding at what point a baby’s imitations can be considered as speech_______.

 A. is important because words have different meanings for different people

 B. is not especially important because the changeover takes place gradually

 C. is one that should be properly understood because the meaning of words changes with age

 D. is one that should be completely ignored because children’s use of words is often meaningless

50. The speaker implies__________.

 A. parents can never hope to teach their children new sounds

 B. children no longer imitate people after they begin to speak

 C. children who are good at imitating learn new words more quickly

 D. even after they have learnt to speak, children still enjoy imitating

                                     B

So long as teachers fail to distinguish(区别) between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children what only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.

Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to plan cleverly the most efficient(有效的) system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity: it can be seen and observed.

Learning to read involves all that each individual does to understand the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.

If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the long search for knowledge? Smith has one principle rule for all teaching instructions. “ Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”

When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them properly, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is got rid of. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the chance to solve the problem of learning to read by learning.

51. The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that_______.

  A. too much time is spent in teaching about reading

  B. reading tasks are given with little guidance

  C. it is one of the most difficult school courses

  D. students spend limited hours in reading

52. The teaching of reading will be successful if _______.

  A. teachers can make their teaching activities observable

  B. teachers can teach their students how to read

  C. teachers can improve conditions at school for the students

  D. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading

53. The word “scrutiny” (paragraph 3 ) most probably means “_________”.

  A. unbelief     B. control    C. inquiry    D. observation

54 . the main idea of the passage is that _______.

  A. reading is more complicated than believable

  B. reading ability is something gained rather than taught

  C. teachers could encourage students to read as widely as possible

  D. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read

第四部分 书面表达

第一节  阅读表达（共5 小题；每小题 2分, 满分10分）

 阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。（请注意问题后的字数要求）

You are not given false information first that sounds as if it could be the answer to the question. An instance(例证) of this may be that the information given matches one of the answers, but does not meet the criterion(标准) given in the question—the person could be talking about last week when the question asks about next week. The correct information usually, if not always, comes afterwards.

Nearly right is not the same thing as right; examinations often give information that sounds more or less correct, but is in some way unsatisfactory. Adverbs and modals(情态动词) are often used to send you the wrong way; the listening text might use “ She may well be late” – and the question “ She will be late” this is not an exact match and consequently(结果) could easily be the wrong answer. It has to be ________.

In longer listening passages, they often try to lend you to lose concentration by having quite long sections where no information relevant(有关的) to the exercise is given. But then out of the blue (unexpectedly) they hit you with a couple of answers in quick turns.

Although most longer listening passages begin with an introduction that lets you get into the flow before they start testing you, you can not depend on this; the first word could in theory(理论) be the answer to the first question.

Examiners will often place a word directly from the passage in a wrong answer and use a synonym(同义词) in the correct answer. Check the meaning and do not rely on word recognition to get the right answer.

55. In what situation will the passage be useful? (please answer within 10 words)

  _______________________________________________________________________

56. Please fill in the blank with proper words and phrases. (please answer within 10 words)

  ________________________________________________________________________

57. Translate the underlined sentence in the passage into Chinese.

  ______________________________________________________________________

58. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

  It is what the word means not which word it is that should be the criterion of the correct answer.

  __________________________________________________________________________

59. Which of the above suggestions in the passage do you think is the most useful to you? Why? (please answer within 30 words)

  __________________________________________________________________________

  ____________________________________________________________________________

第二节  书面表达

电视台的记者来采访你。请你向他说明哪些是你喜欢的节目并告诉他喜欢的原因。

1. 我喜欢“动物世界”（Animal World）这个节目。第一，我喜欢小动物；再有，主持人把节目办得生动活泼。

2. 第三，通过节目了解了许多你过去不知道的东西。例如，各种动物和它们的生活，人与动物，自然与人类的关系及保护动物的意义。

3. 动物是自然的一部分，与人不能分，人类要生活好必须保持生态平衡。

Unit four Science of the stars

1—25 BBBCD  BCBBB  ADBCC  BACCB  CCCAC   26-30 AABCB      31-35 DACDD     36-40CADAA  41-45 BCABB 46—50 BDACD 51—54 ADDB

55. It will be useful in some listening tests./it will be useful for people taking listening tests.

56. 100% accurate to be right/ complete correct

57. 但接下来他们会突然接二连三地很快给出几个答案.

58. Check the meaning and do not rely on word recognition to get the right answer.

59. the answer may vary.

书面表达： 参考范文

A possible version

“Animal Land”is my favorite program. First I like small animals very much. Second, the host has the ability to make the program lively and interesting. Third, from

the program I gained a lot of knowledge about animal life which I didn’t know before. By watching the program, I understand the relationships between people and animals and people and nature. Also I know the importance of nature protection.

I know animals are part of nature. They can not be separated from the humans. If t

he human beings want to live well, we must keep nature in balance.

Finally, we should let everyone understand this and show our love toward nature and animals and stop doing harm to them.