中考英语语法讲解课件-被动语态

这是一份中考英语语法讲解课件-被动语态，共33页。PPT课件主要包含了教 学 目 标等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、什么是被动语态？英语中时态很多，但语态不多，只有两种，即：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，使用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，则使用被动语态。1. 定义：被动语态，即不知道动作执行者或强调动作承受者的一种语态。
2. 被动语态的构成：被字句：主语+ be +动词过去分词(v-ed) +by sb. 我打他 I beat him. (打过了)他被我打=他打被我 He was beaten by me.他喜欢她 He likes her. 她喜欢被他 She is liked by him. (am/ is / are).
被动语态的时态是由be动词的时态决定的，be动词是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面的过去分词不变。
学好被动语态的两个基础条件
一、每种时态的be动词形式。二、不规则动词。
主动语态be的谓语形式总结(1)
主+am/ is/ are…主+ am/ is/ are + being主+ will + be…主+ has been…
He is a leader.He is being here.He will be a leader.He has been a leader.
主动语态be的谓语形式总结(2)
主+was/ were…主+ was/ were + being主+ wuld + be…主+ had been…
He was a leader.He was being here just nw.He wuld be a leader.He had been a leader several years ag.
被动语态:主+ be +过去分词+(by sb)
1. He eats the apple.2. He ate the apple.3. He is eating the apple.4. He was eating the apple.5. He will eat the apple.6. He wuld eat the apple.7. He has eaten the apple.8. He had eaten the apple.
1. The apple is eaten by him.2. The apple was eaten by him.3. The apple is being eaten by him.4. The apple was being eaten by him.5. The apple will be eaten by him.6. The apple wuld be eaten by him.7. The apple has been eaten by him.8. The apple had been eaten by him.
三、情态动词的被动语态
他儿子一定照顾这个人。His sn must take care f the persn.这个人一定要由他儿子照顾=即这个人一定照顾由他儿子。The persn must be taken care f by his sn.含有情态动词的句子变为被动语态时，在情态动词后面直接加上be动词即可。构成：主语+情态动词(can,may,must)+be(永远是原形)+过去分词+by sb.
1. Yu must d this as sn as pssible.2. I can use it.3. Yu shuld buy a dictinary.4. She ught t clean her bedrm.5. They need lk after the little child.6. We can change water int ice.
1. This must be dne as sn as pssible (by yu).2. It can be used.3. A dictinary shuld be bught(by yu).4. Her bedrm ught t be cleaned.5. The little child need be lked after(by them).6. Water can be changed int ice.
一、是不是所有的动词都有被动语态？1.所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。 这类动词或短语如：take place(发生)，happen(发生)，cme abut(发生)，break ut(爆发)，appear(出现)，disappear(消失)，last(持续)，die , end (vi. 结束), fail, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, cme true, fall asleep, keep silence, lse heart等。
(2)不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：Fit合适, have, hld, marry结婚, wn拥有, wish, cst值, ntice注意, watchagree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in成功, suffer frm受苦, happen t, take part in, walk int, belng t属于
(3)系动词无被动语态： appear, be becme, fall, feel, get, grw, keep, lk,remain, seem, smell, sund, stay, taste, turnIt sunds gd. 听起来很好。 Tell me if yu feel cld．你要是感到冷就告诉我。
4) 特殊结构：make sb. heard / understd (使别人能听见/理解自己)，have sth. dne ( 要某人做某事)。 5) 当break ut、take place、shut ff、turn ff、wrk ut等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时。  The plan wrked ut successfully.  The lamps n the wall turn ff. 
二、初中的不及物动词有哪些？不及物动词指的是后面不能跟宾语的动词。常见的不及物动词有：aplgize道歉 appear出现 arrive到达cme来 g去 run跑 walk走 die死fall掉落 flw流淌 happen发生 rise升起stay停留 sit坐 lie躺 stand站 cry哭 swim游泳
( ) 1. The Peple's Republic f China ___ n Octber 1, 1949.A. fund B. was funded C. is funded D. was fund( ) 2. English ____ in Canada.A. speaks B. are spken C. is speaking D. is spken( )3.This English sng___ by the girls after class.A. ften sings B. ften sang C. is ften sang D. is ften sung
( ) 4. This kind f car ___ in Japan.A. makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5New cmputers ___ all ver the wrld.A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used( ) 6. Our rm must ___ clean.A. keep B. be kept C. t be kept D. t keep
( ) 7. A new huse ___ at the crner f the rad.A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 8. The key ___ n the table when I leave.A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 9. His new bk___ next mnth.A. will be published　 B. is publishing C. is being published　D. has been published
( ) 10. The flwers___ften.A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must waterAnswers: 1-5 BDDDC 6-10 BBCAB
1. The ld bridge in my hmetwn___ next mnth.A. is ging t be rebuilt　 B. will rebuiltC. are ging t be rebuilt　 D. are ging t rebuilt2. The play ___ at the theatre next Sunday.A. is ging t be shwn B. will shwnC. will shw D. is shwn
3. Nw these magazines___ in the library fr a lng time.A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept4. -I'd like t buy that cat. -I'm srry. ___. A. it sld B. it's selling C. It's been sld D. it had been sld
5. These nt written B. have nt been writtenC. has nt written D. has nt been written6. The sprts meet ___ be held until next week.A. didn't B. wn't C. isn't D. desn't7. The bks may___ fr tw weeks.A. be kept B. be brrwed C. keep D. brrw
8. The brken bike____ here by Mr Smith.A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended9. Tea ___ in the suth f China.(多)A. grws B. is grwn C. were grwn D. will grw10. Old peple must ___.A. lk after well　B. be lked well afterC. lked well afterD. be lked after well
11. Newly-brn babies___in hspital.A. are taken gd care　　B. are taken gd care fC. take gd care f　　　 D. take gd care12. I___ five minutes t decide whether I shuld g r nt.A. am given B. was been giving C. had given D. was given13. She will____gd care____.A. take; f B. be taken; f C. take; fr yu D. be taken; f yu
14. The teacher made him___ his hmewrk.A. t d　 B. d　 C. did　 D. dne15. These children____dance.A. were seen t B. were seen fr C. were seen D. saw t16. The bike ___ 500 yuan.A. was cst　 B. csted　　C. cst　　 D. is csted
17. The imprtant meeting ___ n a cld mrning last year.A. was had B. was held C. held D. had18. Great changes___ in the past ten years in China.A. tk place t B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place19. Yu can't use the cmputer, it____.A. was brken dwn B. is wrng C. is bad D. has brken dwn
20. The medicine______in a dry and cl place . A .keep         B .must keep            C .must be kept D .must be keep Anwers: 1-5 AADCB 6-10 BADBD11-15 BDBBA 16-20 CBDAC
三、被动语态与过去分词短语作后置定语。1. The cat is called Tm. (被动语态)2. There is a cat(called Tm) in the huse. (过去分词短语作后置定语)3例：He called the man called Jhn.4例：The develped cuntries have develped ver 200 years.
四：被动语态不要与表示状态句型混淆
类型一He is interested in the game.The game is made in China.类型二The dr is clsed.The dr is clsed by Jhn.
1. Smebdy___Jack phned while yu were ut. A.t call B.calling C.being called D.called 2. These walls___stne.A. are made f　　 B. made f C. are made int　 D. made int3. Jane ___ t sing us an American sng last Saturday.A. called B. was asked C. tld D. was said
4. The cat___her sister.A. made t B. were made fr C. was made fr D. was made t5. Please pass me anther cup. This ne___.A. is brken B. is breaking C. brke D. brken6. The by___ is my friend.A. is named Jhn B. name JhnC. named Jhn D. are named Jhn
7. The stry bks___ by the writer in the 1960s.A. are written B. were written C. are writing D. were writing8. The first textbk ___ fr teaching English as a freign language came ut in the 16th century.A. have written　 B. t be written　 C. being written　 D. written