语法填空题解题技巧 中考复习 全国通用 共45张PPT课件PPT

这是一份语法填空题解题技巧 中考复习 全国通用 共45张PPT课件PPT，共45页。PPT课件主要包含了做题技巧等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. 语法填空题以语篇为载体，注重考查语言形式和逻辑结构。2. 文章长度在200词左右，一般设10处空白，分为无提示词型（仅填一词）和给提示词型（用所给单词的适当形式填空）两种形式。
语篇类型：记叙文、说明文。关联考点：全面考查非谓语动词、词性转换、构词法、时态、语态、主谓一致、从句等语法知识在语篇中的灵活运用。本节课通过一些练习题的分析，穿插语法点的讲解，找到做题技巧。
给出单词提示的情况：1. 名词2. 动词 3. 代词 4. 形容词、副词5. 数词6. 词的派生&词性转换
没有给出单词提示的情况：1. 固定搭配/固定用法2. 从句引导词3. 联系上下文推导出的相关词
Dear Grace, I arrived in Shenzhen fr (1) ______ trip last week. (2)______ weather is fine nw. I enjy (3) ______ (my) here. It is my (4)______ (ne) time here, s everything (5) ______ (lk) fresh (新鲜的). I visited sme turist attractins. Mst (6) ______ the places were crwded. Yesterday I went shpping and bught smething (7)____________ (interest). I gt lst n my way back t the htel, (8) ______ it didn’t matter. I usually g ut and have dinner in a restaurant and it takes me abut (9) ______ hur because the fd there is fantastic. I tk many (10) _______ (pht), s yu can see when I cme back hme.See yu!Yurs,Linda
interesting
1、跳读大意2、初填易题3、补填难题4、通读检查
分两种情况：一种，给出单词提示，另一种，不给单词提示。下面就这两种情况分别讲解做题技巧。
一、给出单词提示 做题技巧
技巧一：名词形式变化 名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。例：There are many students living at schl，the ＿＿＿＿ (child) huses are all far frm schl．
解析：由students-词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为huses的定语，所以应用其名词所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式—— 复数的所有格children’s。
1. When everyne quieted dwn, the speaker began t talk, saying that this was exactly what was happening in ur ________ (life).2. My mther wuld sit by the windw, watching the falling __________ (leaf) frm the trees flating in the air.3. Cllege students are ____________(grwn-up) and it's their right t chse the way t live.4. In _______ (tday) wrld, as we are inching twards glbal warming and waining , trees serve as ur best friend t keep us away frm this.5. This rm is Jane and _______(Helen).6. ___________(Dickens狄更斯,人名） nvels are very interesting。7. Air pllutin is caused by the fllwing three _________(reasn): abut half f the prblem is caused by vehicles.
技巧二：动词形式变化 动词形式有：有谓语的变化 (时态、语态---主动还是被动、语气----虚拟语气)， 进行时 be ding 完成时 have/has/had dne 将来时 will + v. 注意助动词：d/des/did be动词过去式：was/were 被动语态形式 be dne 有非谓语的变化 (-ing, -ed, t d)。 根据时态做出相应变化。后面会讲。
1. Li Ping ften _____ (read) English in the meeting must _______ (put) ff till next Mnday.3. _______ he _____ (clean) the windws nce a week?4.Each child___________(ffer) an apple at the party yesterday.5. Hw lng _____ yu ______ (stay) there the day befre yesterday?6. His parents _______(g) t the Great Wall tmrrw pr lady__________(rb) n her way hme last night and she ______(call) ut fr help,but she culdn't______(hear) by anyne.8. ____ they _____ (study) Japanese next term?9. Lk! The students _________ (clean) the classrm.10. —What ____ yur father ____ (d) yesterday?　 —He ______ (write) tw letters.11. There _________ (be) a ftball match n TV this bk needn't __________(return) nw, yu can ________(keep) it fr anther tw chicken _________(taste) mre like turkey.
are cleaning
be returned
（1）不定式 t d （2）-ing 形式 （3）-ed形式 过去分词例如：She has smething imprtant___________(d). The bttle____________(cntain) vinegar shuld be sent t the labratry._______(mve) by film, the children culdn't help crying. A talk___________(give) tmrrw is written by Prfessr Zhang．
补充：非谓语动词的 基本形式
1. The Olympic games ____________ in 776 BC，did nt include wmen players until 1912.　　A.first playing B.t be first playing C.first played D.t be first playing 2. The man managed t make himself _____with his________ English .　　A.understand，breaking B.understand，brken C.understand，breaking D.understd，brken 3. _______frm the mn，ur earth with water ____70% f its surface appears as a “blue ball ”.　　A.seen，cvered B.seeing，cvered C.seen，cvering D.t see，t cver 4. I have a bk __________ (cntain) 12 stries.
技巧三：代词形式变化 代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格) 物主代词(形物和名物) my bk/pen/……= mine 反身代词 neself例：The king decided t see the painter by (he)．注意：反身代词，表示“……自己” 构成规律：一二人称反身代词, 形物+self/selves; 第三人称是人称代词的宾格+self/selves
解析：by neself亲自，横线处应填反身代词himself。
1. _______ (he) stry is nt interesting.2. He thinks _____ (him) is healthy and never ges t see a dctr.3. Help _________ (yu) t the fish, Mary. 4. This bk belngs t yu. Where is _____? (me)5. At age 34 , ______（her） was just t busy — busy fighting cancer.6. A large variety f languages exist in the wrld. Every language has____ (it) wn special wrds and expressins.7. Once again she lked up at me and asked if I culd give ______ (she) sme water. It was then that I ntice ____ (she) lip, which suggested she had nt had a drp f water all day.8. When he was a little by, he culd teach_______(him) English.9. Did yu ck the meal ________ (yu)?
技巧四：形容词、副词的变化。大部分形容词、表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。 通常加后缀-er、-est，或在多音节词前加mre/mst，且形容词的最高级前面加the。例：I am＿＿＿（tall）than ther students in my class．I am the ________ (tall).
解析：关键词：than 第一个空用比较级 taller根据意思，我是最高的，第二个空用最高级tallest，注意前面的the
1.Yesterday was even __________ (cld). 2. Tm is heavy. Jack is as __________(heavy) as Tm. 3. If yu wrk harder, yur English will be __________(gd). 4. Which d yu like __________(well), this ne r that ne?5. Mike is __________ (thin) f the tw brthers. 6. Nbdy is ___________________ (clever) than Jane in ur class. 7. The elephant is __________ (big) than the hrse. 8. Yur sweater is much _____________ (expensive) than mine. 9. Our village is getting mre and _____________ (beautiful).10. The weather is getting __________(ht) and ______(ht). 11. The ________(much ) yu exercise, the _________(health) yu will be. 12. Sam is ________ (well) at Chinese than Jim.
the thinner
cleverer/mre clever
mre expensive
mre beautiful
技巧五：数词形式变化。基数词、序数词，注意次数表达法以及分数表达法 .
次数表达法：一次nce, 两次 twice, 三次及以上 基数词+times如 三次 three times, 四次 fur times等分数表达法：分子基数词，分母序数词，分子超过一时分母必须加-s. 如：三分之二 tw thirds, 三分之一 ne/a third
例：T my three sns， I leave my eighteen hrses．My eldest sn shall take a half, my secnd sn shall take a＿＿(three)．　
解析：分马的计划，大儿子分得a half，也就是“一半”或“二分之一”，用了分数; 那么二儿子应该得“三分之一”，所以要填入大儿子9 二儿子 6 三儿子 3
作分母的序数词“third”。
1.The __________ Lessn is very difficult but very imprtant. Yu must learn it by heart. (twelve)2. _________(Five) hundred yuan a mnth is enugh t live n.3. ______ f the buildings were ruined. A. Three furth B. Three fur C. Three-furths D. Three-fur4. He has tried a _________ (tw) time. 5. _________ (thusand) f Chinese are lking fr ways t learn English well befre Beijing  2008 Olympic.  6. Bth f the rules are brken. I want t buy a _______ (three) ne. 7. Abut three quarters f the surface f the earth _______ (be) cvered with water.8. I g t visit my grandmther ___________(tw) a week.
技巧六：词的派生和词性转换。派生现象, 是英语的一种构词法，通过前后缀等。词性转换，指一个词性转换为其他词性。比如quick-----quickly无论派生还是词性转换，都需要先确定填空处需要的词性是什么。例：Mary lst his wallet yesterday，S he was very ____ (happiness)．
解析：根据句意判断出该用形容词，由此可知将happiness 变成词根happy；但是钱包丢了，人应该是不开心的，所以要再加个前缀un ，就成了unhappy。
1. All the great __________ are respected by the wrld. (invent)2. I’ll d my hmewrk mre __________ next time. (care)3. When yu study a freign language, it’s imprtant t make a gd _________. (begin)4. Everyne knws such kind f bks is ___________ t children. They shuldn’t be sld at any bkstre. (harm)5.They lked very __________ in the idea. (interest)6. Mst newspapers _________ (regular) print letters frm readers with prblems. 7. ___________ sights stpped them frm ging frward. (frighten)8. D yu knw abut the _______ f the bk? (write)9. If turism creates t much traffic, the inhabitants will becme __________ (anny) and unhappy.
Frightening
10. Turism shuld als advance the wealth and __________ (happy) f lcal inhabitants.  (advance 促进，使增长)11. My sister speaks English as __________(gd) as me. 12. But Jane knew frm past experience that her ________ (chse) f ties hardly ever pleased her father.
二、未给单词提示 做题技巧
技巧一：固定搭配或固定用法。可以是动词搭配，介词搭配，也可以是一种固定用法或关联词等。如 neither… nr ，bth……and, nt nly……but als，ne……the ther, sme……thers, t……t, s……that等。例1：The children were playing n the grund, enjying ____，dirty but happy．
解析：孩子们开心，应用enjy neself短语，因enjying 的逻辑主语为children, 故其答案为themselves。
例2：Mrs Baker was ill，s her daughter had t ask fr a leave t take_____f her．
解析：生病需要人照顾，所以答案是care，与前后词构成take care f。
例3：Mr Smith tk a plane t Lndn____f taking a train．
解析：此题中说到两种交通工具，所以可以理解此句有“坐……而不是坐……”的意思，故答案为instead，以构成介词短语instead f。
例4：Just then，he saw a blackbard in_____f him．
解析：细心观察，可以看出填入frnt即可构成in frnt f，此题得解。
例5：Old Tm’s grand·daughter used t visit him_____Saturday afternn．例6：Thugh Liu Qiang did the same wrk____Zhang Wen did，he gt a lwer pay______Zhang Wen．
解析：Saturday afternn是指定的某天下午，所以不用介词in，而用n才是正解
解析：第一条横线可由前面的the same断出用as，第二条横线则可由lwer断出比较意义，故答案为than。
例7：____Marrie and Jannie like ging t the theatre．
解析：横线处的词与后面可以构成bth…and，故答案为Bth。
1. When yu meet ________ new wrd, lk it ________ in yur dictinary. 2. Sme f these writers are dctrs, ________ are lawyers r educatrs. 3. She is such a girl ________ is always finding fault with ther peple．4. He is famus ____________ his bks.5. He is famus _____________ a writer.6. Their wrking cnditins stayed the same ________ befre．7. This bk is very different _______ that ne.8. The bx is t heavy ________ carry.9. It is s ht ___________ n ne wants t g utside.10. The British pliceman has ________ several nicknames, but ________ mst frequently used are“cpper”．11. After ___________ (accept) this jb, he felt very tired.
技巧二：从句引导词。定语从句结构：先行词+引导词+其他成分引导词分关系代词和关系副词关系代词的选择先行词是物：which, that, whse先行词是人：wh, whm, that, whse 先行词既有人又有物：that关系副词：when, why, where 以后会细讲
例1：I have a bk _____ is very expensive.
解析：审题可知，定语从句，先行词是物，用which。
解析：横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步观察可知先行词为thse，且指人，所以只能填入wh。
例2：Thse_____want t g t the village must sign here．
例3：We are talking abut the pina and the pianist______ were in the cncert we attended last night.
解析：后面有个were,是are的过去式，说明是复数，前面的pianist钢琴家，人，单数，不符合题意，所以前面depina也是先行词。既有人又有物，用that。
1. He is the man _________ wants t see yu.2. This is the best film ________ I have ever seen.3. The student _________ we saw just nw is the best runner in ur schl.4. I was brn in Hangzhu, a city_______name will create a picture f beautiful trees and green grass in ur mind.5. My friend shwed me rund the twn, ______was very kind f him.   6. Yesterday she sld her car _________ she had bught a mnth ag.7. The Science Museum ___________we visited during a recent trip t Britain, is ne f Lndn's turist attractins.8. His mvie wn several awards at the film festival, _______ was beynd his wildest dream.
技巧三：上下文中出现的相关词。这是最为灵活的，但也是最难的。需要根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识，推导。例1：Tny____travelling abrad，but dislikes staying at hme watching TV．
解析：由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断，此横线处应该是填其反义词likes/enjys.
例2：It was nly ne day left._____，his father had n idea t answer him．
解析：观察上下旬，可以看出是转折关系，且横线与前后用逗号隔开，排除but，所以答案是副词hwever 。
Many years ag, my friend's grandfather decided t becme an eye surgen. He spent six years at ______ university studying medicine, and then had t g ff t war. His parents were prud f him, ______they supprted him when he finally began as a dctr in a small village. He was very patient ______ sick peple and very skillful at curing diseases.__________, during his ______ (ne) week as a dctr, he deliberately pisned a very ld lady, a patient ______ simply wanted t die t avid mre _________(suffer). The ld dctr that he __________ (knw) in the village practice encuraged him t cntinue. He shuld have been charged fr murder, but the ld dctr and the family never tld anybdy abut______. If the public had ever been aware f the grandfather’s actins, the family's reputatin wuld have been ruined.
1. Little Wang Jun culd nt g t schl_______his family was t pr．2. In the mrning and in the evening when peple g t r cme frm ________, the streets are very busy.3. Peple living in different cuntries made different kinds f wrds. Tday there are abut fifteen hundred __________ in the wrld. Each cntains many thusands f wrds.4. Why is setting gals s ___________? Because gals can help yu d, be, and experience everything yu want in life. 5. Mst Americans dn’t like t get advice _______ members f their family. They get advice frm strangers. 
给出单词提示的情况：1. 名词 单复数 所有格2. 动词 谓语 非谓语3. 代词 人称 物主 反身4. 形容词、副词 比较等级5. 数词 基数词 序数词 分数表达法 次数表达法6. 词的派生&词性转换 如happiness变形容词happy
没有给出单词提示的情况：1. 固定搭配/固定用法 动词搭配 介词搭配等2. 从句引导词 定语从句3. 联系上下文推导出的相关词 如hwever转折关系等
学生点评和作业布置完成后面练习题，可以做两篇
（一） Hell, I’m Bruce. I have three gd (1) ______ (friend). We are different (2) ____ each ther. Jack is thirteen years ld. He is ne year (3) _____ (ld) than me. And he is much taller than any ne f us. He is talented fr sprts. And ftball is his favrite sprt. Tm is as tall as me. He is very (4) ______ (fun) and utging. He ften (5) _____ (make) us laugh. We bth like (6) ______ (read). Henry is ne year yunger than me. And he is shrter than any f us. (7) _____ he is as heavy as me. He is gd at (8) ________ (draw). He likes drawing pictures a lt. I'm (9) ______ (quiet) than them. But we are all friendly t each ther (10) _______ can share everything.
（二） Last week's talent shw (1) _______ really successful. (2) ______ all the perfrmers, Li Ping and Li Hua were the (3) _____ (winner). Li Ping is (4) _____ utging and cl by. At the talent shw, he culd (5) _____ (play) six balls at the same time very well. He (6) _____ (win) the prize fr the mst (7) ____ (excited) perfrmance. Li Hua is a girl with curly hair. She is a great magician. She culd put knives (刀) int the bdy f a persn. (8)_____ the persn wasn’t hurt at all. We were s afraid that sme f us shuted (9) ____ (lud). She was the mst creative perfrmer althugh (10)_____ (she) shw was the mst frightening (令人恐惧的).
（三） There was a little cat. He spent much time eating and sleeping. He ate nce (1) ______ day, and then went t bed and slept. When he slept, his snring (鼾声) sund (2) ______ very lud. He hardly tk exercises, (3) ______ he was very heavy. Other (4) ______ (animal) were angry at the cat, (5) ______ they culdn’t sleep well at night. One day, a big cat (6) ______ (plan) t teach the little cat a lessn. He asked a few animals t help (7) ______ (he). They wanted t catch the little cat and beat (打) him. Because (8) ______ cat never exercised, he was t heavy t mve. When ther animals ran after him, he culdn’t run (9) _______ (quick). He knew it’s (10) _________ (imprtance) t d exercises when he was caught.
（四） D yu want t travel n yur wn? Being (1) _____ exchange student is (2) ______ gd way. Exchange students can live in a freign cuntry and learn (3) ______ (it) language and culture. Students g t a high schl (4) ______ live with a hst family, ften fr six (5) _____ (mnth) t a year. These prgrammes (6) _____ (be) very gd fr students. They can learn a lt abut a (7) ______ (difference) culture. They can als learn t be mre independent and (8) ______ (feel) mre cnfident (自信的). Being an exchange student helps yu (9) ______ (make) friends with different peple. Besides, it can help imprve yur understanding f (10) ______ wrld. Exchange students share their wn culture with peple in the new cuntry as well.
The Dragn Bat Festival is n 1 fifth day f May accrding t the Chinese calendar. Fr thusands f years, the festival has been celebrated by eating zng zi and racing dragn bats in hnur 2 Qu Yuan, wh is said t have cmmitted suicide(自杀) by drwning himself. Qu was a minister f the State f Chu lcated in present-day Hunan and Hubei prvinces, during the Warring States Perid（战国时期）. He was upright（正直的）, lyal and highly respected. ____3____, he was dismissed frm ffice(被革职）. Realizing that the cuntry was in the hands f evil fficials, Qu 4 (leap) int River Milu n the fifth day f the fifth mnth. Nearby fishermen rushed ver t save him but were ____5____ (able) t recver his bdy. The peple f Chu ____6____ murned（哀悼） Qu’s death threw rice int the river t feed his ghst ____7____ year n the day f his 8 (die). But ne year, the spirit f Qu appeared and tld the murners that a huge reptile（爬行动物）in the river had stlen the rice. The spirit then advised __9______ t wrap the rice and bind（捆绑） it ____10____ thrwing it int the river. During the Duanwu Festival, zng zi is eaten t symblize（象征，表示） the rice fferings t Qu. And the dragn-bat races symblize the many attempts t rescue and recver Qu's bdy.
阅读，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。