人教版精通英语小学知识点.doc

这是一份人教版精通英语小学知识点.doc，共7页。

(大小)辨认、书写顺序：AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLIMmN nOPpQqRrS s T t U u V v W wX x Y y Z z.
元咅字母：A a , E e, I i, O , U u
半元音字母：Yy
书写容易错误的字母：E , F , G, M, N, d, i, p, q, x, y.(2)数字：基数词和序数 词的运用，如计算、购物等.
基数
词:One,tw,three,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,ft)urteen,fiftee n,twenty,twenty -ne,thirty, frty, fifty,eighty, ninety, ne/ahundre d , ne/a hundred and ne tw hundred.
序数
isjifirst,secnd,th ird,fburth,fifth,sixth,seventh,eighth,ninth,tenth,ele venth,twelfth,tw e ntie th,twe nty-tirs t,twenty-s e cnd,twe nty-third ,twe nty-
fur,th irtie th, fb rtie th,fiftie th,eigh tie th,nine tie th,
相关句型：
What ' s thirty and frty? It' s seventy.
What ' syurtelephne number? Mytelephne numberis .
What time is it ? Its half past ten.
When d yu usually get up ? At six thiily-five.5) Where d yu live? I live at Ren min Rad.6) Hw ld are yu? I ' m twe Ive.
7) Hw much des it cst? It csts 50 yuan.
8) Hw many cars have yu gt? I have gt 6 cars .9) Hw many birds can yu see in the tree? I can seethree.
10)Hwmanydllsare there nthe be d?There isne/adll.
11 )Hwmanydllsaretherenthebed?Therearefurdlls.
Which flr d yu live n? I live n the fifth flr.
Excuseme,canyute lime the waytBaiyunhte 1? Yes, g dwn this s tre e t, then turn left at the thii'dcrssing,.
Wh ' s the fifth girl frm the right? She' s mycusin.
注意：数词的应用；不可数名词及它的量的表示方法;many与much在用法上 的区别;there is/a re与have/has在用法上的区别.
颜色：实物的颜色
clurs :red,pink,ye Hw,brwn,blue,purple,range, black, white, grey, dark blue, light blue.
相关句型：
What clur is yur cat? It' s ...
What ' s yur fvurite clur? Myfavuriteclur is
时间：年、季节、月、星期、日、时刻
year, seasn( spring, summer, autumn, winter),
mnth: January, February, March, April, May, June,July, August, September, Octber, Nvember, December.
Week: Sunday, Mnday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday,Friday, Saturday.
Day: 1st May (the first f May), May 2nd ( May thesecnd)
Time: (an) hur, minute, secnd
10:05 (five minutes past ten, ten five)
10:10 (ten minutes past ten, ten ten)
10:15 (quarter past ten, ten fifteen)
10:30 (half past ten, ten thirty)
11:00 (eleven ' clck)
相关句型：
1 )Hwldisyurmther?She ' sthirty-sixyearsId.2) Hw many mnths are there in a year? There are 12.3)When' syurbiithday?Mybiithdayisn 15thJanuary( the
fifteenth f January).
4) When d yu get up? I get up at six O* clckesspring.5)Whenlast?dlt lasts
fr 3 mnths frmMarch t May.
6) What time is it? It' s quarter t nine.
食品与饮料：人对食品与饮料的喜好；东西方食品
fd : meat, rice, fish, bread, egg, cake,
drinks : water, milk ,range/apple/water meln/banana/strawberry juice ,cke, cffee, black/green tea
相关句型：
1 )Wuldyulikesmethingtdrink/eat?Yes,1' dlikesme,N, thanks .
Wuldyulike te a t/drink? I' dliketeat/drink,N, thanks .
What ' s yur favurite fd/drink? My favuritefd/drink is,
Culd T have sme,? Yes, please .
服装：服装的颜色：人对服装的喜好；某人的穿戴；所属关系
clthes:hat,cap,cat,shirt,T-shirt,skirt,dress,sweater, jacket, trusers, sck, she put n, wear
所属关系：形容词性的物主代词：my,yur,his,her,its,ur, their 名词性的物主代词:mine, yurs, his, hers, its, urs,theirs 相关句型：
Whatdesitlklike?Itlikeswearingablueshirt.2)Whse shes are these?They ' re ' re Tm ' s.
Is this /that/it yur bk? Yes,it ,it isn' t.4) Is this pencil yurs? Ye
isn ' t.5) Are these /thse/they yur cats and trusers? Yes,they are. N, they aren
Are thse clthes theirs? Yes,they are.
N,they aren ' t.
This is my hat. That hat is his.
注意：
名词单，复数；物主代词(名词性的物主代词，形容词性的物主代词);
名词所有格，如：Tm' s,myfather ' s,theteachers玩具'和.(7)文具：特 点、颜色、所属关系；存在的位置
Tys: dll, ty,ty car,ty plane,ty ship文
sk,bk,bag,pen,pencil,pencil-bx,ruler,chair, ball
存在的位置:in, n, under, beside, behind, in fintf, in the frnt f, in the middle f, at the back f,(a place/a persn).
相关句型：
There is a cup f tea n the table.
There are sme ranges in the fridge.
Is there any milk in the glass?
Yes, there is. N, there isn' t.
Are there any ranges in the fridges?
Yes, there are. N, there aren' t.
What ' s under the desk?
There is an range. / There are sme ranges.(8)日常生活用品：特点、颜 色、所属关系；存在的位置
wrds: shelf, table, clck, brush, telephne, light,cmputer, bike, fridge, glass, knife, keybard, bttle,bx,plate,pht,phtgraph,fax,radi,super-market,bk
s hp.stre,ndle s/cake/c I the s/s he/TV 特点:big, small, heavy, light, wh ite, black, e mpty,iu 11,ld,new,be a utilul,cute,tall,shrt,strng,plump,nice, gd, bad
动物：家畜、家禽；农场动物、动物园及野生动物的特点；生活地点和所属 关系
wrds(animals): cat, dg, duck, gse (geese) fish,sheep, bird, panda, mnkey, rabbit, hen , cck, chicken,tiger, lin, pig, cw , muse (mice),giraffe,dlphin,
生活地点：at hme, in a farm, in a z,所属关系：同上话题(7)
植物：
特点、所属关系；存在的位置wrds: tree, rse, flwer* a [leaves),
环境与建筑：
特点、所属关系；存在的位置
buildings: factry, hspital, park, huse, library,museum, ffice, farm, pst ffice, bank, plice statin,train statin, sprts stadium, department stre, s t re,schl,class rm,huse:bathrm,living-rm,sitting-rm, bedrm, washrm,kitchen, garden,
房子的基本构造：dr, gate, wall, windw, flr,相关句型：
Whered yustudyat ? I studyat LngdngPrimarySchl.
Where des yur mther wrk in ? She wrks in ahspital.
Let ' s meet at the gate f the park.
My brther is playing in the garden.
身体：特点
bdy:head,hair,eye,nse,ear,muth,neck,shulder,hand, finger, ft (feet) Je,
外
thin,plump,tall,shrt,ld,yung,rundface,twbigbluee yes,lnghair,shrthair,b lackhaii*,white hair,
相关句型：
1' m/Yu' re /He ' s/She ' s/We' re/They ' re(nt)tall.
Ishe/shetallrshrt?He' s/She ' stall(shrt).3) I/We/They^u have (gt) black
hair.
He/She has ( gt) a rund face.
Has he/she gt lng hair ? Yes, he/she has. N,he/she hasn ' t.
注意：
描述人的外貌时，have与has用法上的区别；
形容词的用法，如:tall,shrt,ld,yung,black,lng(13)个人情况:姓名、年
龄、地址、特点与爱好
age, year, address, e-mail address, hbby,
hbby: cllecting stamps(cins), ging swimming,ding sth
相关句型：
Hw ld are yu ? Im thirteen years ld.2) I -year ld* mbya.thirteen
What ' s yur address? I live atRenmin rad.4) What ' s -yurmail eaddress? My e-mail address is.5)What ' syurhbby?Myhbbyisgingrunning.Or:I like ging running.
I/Yu/ They like music.
He likes sightseeing.
D yu like reading? Yes, I d. N, I dn' t.9) Des he /she like playing
baske tball?
Yes, he/she des. N, he/she desn' t.
注意：
描述个人的喜好时：名词和动词-ing
形式作宾语;主语是第三人称单数时一般现在时动词的变化。
动词ing的变化规律：
直接加 ing, 如： pen-pening, clean-cleaning,meet-meeting, sing-singing, study-studying,,
去掉词尾不发音的 e,如：take-taking,clse-clsing,cme-cm ing,drivedriving,have-having,use-us ing, write-writing, practice-practicing,,
重读闭音节的，双写最后的字母，加ing,如：sit-sitting, put-putting, begin-
beginning , get-getting,swim-swimming, run-running, cut-cutting, becme- becming,,
主语是第三人称单数时一般现在时动词的变化规律(与名词变复数规律相 同)：
1)直接加 s, 如： ck-cks,cme-cmes,clse-clses ； 2)以 , x, s, sh, ch 结 尾+es，如：teach-teaches,g-ges,d-des,catch-catches,washwashes,brush-brushes, miss-misses ；
辅音字母加 y 结尾,把 y 改为 i, +es,如：fly-flies,wiTy-wrries, carrycarries ；
以f或fe结尾，把f或fe,改为v+es；
特殊：have-has；
(14)家庭、亲属和朋友：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好：与你的关系
wrds :family,grandfther(grandpa/granddad),grandmther(grandma/grand mum), father, mther, brther’s is ter, uncle, aunt, cusin, friend
相关句型：
Is he/she Tm cusin?* s
Yes, he/she is. N, he/she isn' t.
Wh ' s he/she? He ' s/She ' s my friend.
Hw many peple are there in yur family? Wh
are they?Therearefur,myfather,mymther,mybrtherandme.
注意：
1 名词单复数，如：fix mily-families;
名词单数--复数规律：
直接加 s,如：by-bys, term-terms,
以 , x, s, sh, ch 结尾 +es，如：bx-bxes,3)c lass-classes, glass-glasses, cach-caches,dress-dresses, fax-faxes, inch-inches,
match-matches, 4）辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i,如： baby-babies, lady-ladies, lactry-factries,peach-peaches, library-libraries, watch-watches ； 5)以 f 或亿 结尾，把 f 或和，改为 v+es: leaf-leaves,knife-knives, wife -wive s, shelf-shelves,,
6)特殊:man-men, pliceman-plicemen, wman-wmen,child-children, gse-geese, tth-teeth, ft-feet,7)不变:hair,milk, tea, cfiee, water, bread,rice,paper, juice, meat, peple, fish, sheep,,
2名词所有格，表明是“谁的”如：my cusin s , hisparents它的构成’规则：单 数名词后，sMike” ’ smther复.数名词词尾有，其后只+ "’ ” , Teachers ' Da教师 节.若是两人共有时，只在后者+"' s v , Jim and Tm s吉mther姆和汤•姆的母 亲。不是两者所共有的，两者都+"' s”，Jim' s and Tm,吉s姆mther母亲和.汤 姆的母 亲。名词若是无生命，所有格构成用f, a map f China.一幅中国地图(15)学校：
学校建筑和学校生活
wrds :schlbuilding,class rm,drmitry,playgrund, library,
s bjects :Chinese,ma ths,English,music,cmputer,PE,art, bilgy, plitics , his try, meeting, gegraphy.
相关句型：
What ' s yur favurite subject? English.
Where ' s the library? It ' s behind the drmitry.3) When d yu g t sch At 7:20.
4)Whendes Chinese be ginnMnday?AtEight' clck.5)Desgegraphybeginatt
wentyttennMnday? Yes,it des. N, it desn' t.
6) We ' re having an English class.
(16)社交礼仪：礼貌用语；询问与应答
:Hell! Hi! Gd mrning/afternn/e vening. Hw are yu ? Fine,
thanks.Andyu? Please say hellt yurparents fr me.9/14
2.Intrductin:Mynameis,I 5 mapupil.I ' mne where .This is Mr/Mrs /Mis s White. Hell, nice t meet yu .
Farewells: Gdbye/Bye-bye/Bye.
See yu then/tmrrw. Gd night.
It' s late. I must g hme nw. Thanking fr cming.
Thanks: Thank yu (very much). Yu' re welcme. Ntat all.
aplgies:Srry.I' msrry.That 5 salkight.Excuseme.
Incitatin: Will yu g shpping with me? Wuld yulike t g ?
I' d lve t . Thank yu.
As kingtbrpermiss in:MayIhave a nappie ?Culd/CanI use yur bike ?
Sure. Certa inly. Yes, f curse. Yes, d please.
Expressing wishes: Happy biithday! Thank yu.
Offering help: Can I help yu? What can I d fr yu?
Making appintments: Are yu free tmrrw? Whatabut
tmrrw afternn?
Let5 s meet at the gate at 7:50. Shall we visit themuseum?
11 .Hell !MayIspeaktKate?Speaking/It' s Kate he re. Wh ' s th is/th at, please ?
12.Takingmeals:Wuldyulikesmethingteat/drink?Wuld yu like
sme fish/meat?
13.Shpping :CanIhe Ip yu,sw?Whatcan!dfryu,sw ? What abut this ne?
D yu like this ne?
I want /I ' d like sme ranges. Hw much is the shirt/are the scks? It
Tw kils, please . I ' 11 take it.
14. As king the way: Excuse me. Where is the GuangzhuLibrary?
Canyute llyume the waytthe Garde nHte l,please?Can I take this bus t
Beijing Rad? Is there a htel nearhere?
(17)国家与xx：地理位置；特点
Cuntrie s :China, J apan, America (the US A),English(the UK), Australia,Russia,Canada,
Ita ly,India,France,
Natinalities :Chines e,Japanese 9American,Englishman,Austra lian,Russian,Canadi
an,Italian,Indian, French,
相关句型：
Where ' s Japan? It s t the east f Chinare.des2)Wheyur friend cme frm? She cmes frmEnglish.
Where are they frm? They ' re frm Russia.4) What cuntry d yu frm? I cme frm China.5) What cuntry is he frm? He' s frm France.6) What langua
des she speak? She speaks French.
7)What language d they speak? They speak Chinese.(18)天气：气候特征
weather : ht, cld, cl, warm, sun, shine, sunny,rain ,heavy rain, light rain,
rainy, wind, strng wind,windy, snw , heavy snw, light snw snwy, clud, cludy
temperature:15(fifteendegreescentigrade),0(zerdegree centigrade), -5 (minus degrees centigrade),相关句型:
What ' s the we a the rlike in s pring ? It' swarm,rainyand wet.
What will the weather be like there? It will besunny.
Is it snwing? Yes, it is a snwy day.
Will there be cludy? Yes, there will.
The sun is shining.
I like taking a warm bath.
(19)节日：节日的特点；节日的活动
festivals : New Years Day, Spring Festival,
Wmen' s Day, AprilflishDay,Ma yDay,Mther' s Day,Children ' s Day,Father
sDay,Army ' sDay,Mid- autumnFestival,Teachers' Day,NatinalDay,ThanksGivingDay,Christmas Day.
New Year ' s Day: 1st January.
SpringFestivaklt ' s the Chine seNe wYear.lt' s the firs tdayftheChineseyear.lt
pecialfestivaIfraUChinesepeple.ItisusuallyattheendfJanuaryr the beginning f February /in late January r earlyFebruary. The children can get “ lucky mney " Wmen' sDay: It ' s n 8th March.
April Flish Day: n 1st April, n this day, peplecan play jkes t their friends.
May Day: 1st May, labrers
'st.s Day: n June 1
Mther ' s Day: n the secnd Sunday f May. Children
Father ' s Day: n the third Sunday in June.
s n 1st July. Army ' s Day: in China, it
Party ' s birthday: in China, it August.
Mid-autumn Festival: n 15th August f Chinese lunarcalendar. In China , peple eat special cakes calls mncakes and watch the full mn. Teachers ' Day: n lOthSeptember.
Natinal Day: in China, its at the beginning fOctber.
Thanks Giving Day: the last Thursday in Nvember, it' s American festiv
Christmas Day: December 25th.(20)方位：人或物的位置；问路与应答
place:in,n,at,under,near,nextt,beside,behind,in frnt f, in the frnt f, in the middle (f), back,nthe right/left,the secnd/,persnfrmthe right/leftA: Excuse me. Where ' s the department stre? Can
yute lime the waytthe Garde nHte l,Please?CanItake this bus t Beying Rad? Is there a htel near here? B: It' s ver there.
Turn right /left at the first crssing. The htel is n the right/left.
I dn' t knw.
正在发生的事情：现在进行的动作和发生的事be dingsmething
1 ' m/Yu' re/He ' s /She ' s /We ' re/They ' re (nt)wrking.
Are yu playing ftball? Yes, I am/we are.
Ishe/she takingexercise? Yes,he/sheis.N,he/she isn' t.
Are they ging shpping? Yes, they are. N, the ya re n' t.
What are yu ding? I ' m/We ' re cleaning the rm.6) What ' s he/sh
He' s/She ' s having supper.7) What are they ding? They' re reading.
日常生活：日常生活、工作、学习的活动 daily rutineget up , brush
ne ' s teeth, wash ne ' s face, makebreakfst, have breakfast, g t schl/wrk, d mrningexercises, have classes, play basketball, play ftball,run Jump, g hme, have lunch, have supper, d ne' shmewrk,watchTV,dsmereading,takeabath,gtbedl) What time d yu get up? I usually get up at 6 ' clck.
Shen Zhen ften takes a bath at 9 ' clck in themrning. 3) My mther is
never late fr wrk.
计划与打算：计划和将要进行的动作和发生的事be gingt d
I ' m/Yu' re/He ' s/She ' s /We ' re/They ' re (nt)ging t visit the museu
Areyugingtswim?Yes,Iam/weare.N,I' mnt/wearen ' t.
Ishe/shegingtseeMissWang?Yes,he/sheis.N,he/she isn' t.
WhatareyugingtdtmiTOW?!' m/We ' regingt visit the farm.
I/Yu/He/She/They/We will g skiing.
Are yu ging t be busy tmrrw? Yes, I am/we are.
g swimming, g shpping, g climbing, g skiing, g walking, g running, g fishing, g skating, g sightseeing,
能力和可能：可能进行的动作和发生的事
1 )I/Yu/He/SheAVe/They can(can ' t)cmeheretmrrw.
Canhe/shevis itthe factrytday? Ye s,he/s he can.N, he/she can
Can they g by bus? Yes, they can. N, they can' t.
May I visit the factry this afternn? Yes, fcurse /Sure/Certainly.
May I sit here? Yes, f curse/please d 注.意：情态动词 can 的用法,can d (+动词原形).verthere. Turn right/left