2021年上海市高二第一学期英语培优讲义第10讲 考纲词汇&状语从句&语法运用【学案】

这是一份2021年上海市高二第一学期英语培优讲义第10讲 考纲词汇&状语从句&语法运用【学案】，共14页。
2021-2022学年高一升高二英语暑期讲义（上海通用版）第10讲 考纲词汇&状语从句&语法运用 学生版教学内容一、上次课考纲词汇默写高考考纲词汇默写4 1. adj.明亮的；鲜艳的;聪明的2. 粗心；疏忽 3. adj.新建的 4. n.首都 5. n. 分支（如分店、分部、分行等） 6. n.地毯7. n.糖果8. n. 生涯；职业，事业9. n. 品牌；商标10. vt. 取消；删去11. n.黄油12. n.日历13. n.动画片；漫画 14. v.呼吸15. n. 船长，机长；队长16. n.保龄球17. n.咖啡馆;小餐馆18. n.木匠19. n.新娘20. n.癌21. adj. 勇敢的22. n. 胡萝卜23. adj.能干的 24. budget n.25. calculate v.26. browse  vi /n.27. ceiling n.28. brake 29. cash vt.30. broad adj.31. canal n.32. bullet n.33. botanic(al) adj.34. cart n. 35. brunch n.36. cease v. /n.37. campaign n.38. bury vt.39. outbreak n,40. capture vt./n. 41. canteen n.42. bother vt. 43. catalog(ue) n.44. candidate n.45. brick n.砖；46. casual adj.47. brilliant adj.48. carbonic adj.49. canned adj. 50. cabin n.   高考英语单词测验4(P37-48)1. adj.明亮的；鲜艳的;聪明的bright    高考英语词组测验4(P37-48)1. 忙于… be busy with sth./be busy doing2. 要求，需要call  for3. 树立信心 build up one's confidence4. 付现金 pay in cash5. 爆发 break out6. 注意不要… Be careful not to do...，Take care not to do...7. 在校园内 on campus8. 突然大哭/大笑 burst/break into tears/laughter = burst out crying/ laughing9. 实施(计划等) carry out10. 简言之 in brief11. 不是… 而是… not…but...12. 赶上… catch up with13. 撞上；碰见 bump into14. (机械等)出故障 breakdown15. 在…的底部 at the bottom of16. (使)冷静下来 calm down17. 袖珍计算器 pocket calculator18. 给某人带来某物 bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb.19. carry on 继续20. 营业时间 business hours21. 遇到（雨、交通堵塞等）be caught in22. (中间）休息 have/take a break23. 数码相机 digital camera24. …的导因 the cause of25. 埋头于…，专心于… be buried in = bury oneself in26. 拜访某人 call on sb.27. nothing but 只有；只不过28. 便装 casual clothes29. 再 也不为过 can not/never...too...30. 做生意 do business31. 什么都不能做，只得… can do nothing but do = can't do anything but do32. 因公出差 on business33. 喘不过气来 out of breath, lose one's breath34. 从事…职业 follow a... career35. 不仅…而且…  not only... but (also)...36. (介）要不是 but for37. 关心；介意，在乎 care about 38. 给某人买某物 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.39. 公共汽车站 bus stop40. 号召…做 call on.. to do41. 抚养长大 bring up42. 去露营 go camping43. 担负起…的重任 bear/carry/ shoulder the burden of44. in no case 决不45. 从心底里，发自内心地 from the bottom of one's heart46. 不关你的事 none of your business47. 按按钮 press the button48. 消防队 fire brigade49. 喜欢，想要；照顾 care for50. 有能力做某事 be capable of doing sth.           目的、结果状语从句的引导词        引导目的、结果状语从句的从属连词主要有in order that, so that, in case, for fear, so…that，such…that等。 1. 目的、结果状语从句常见的引导词：1）So that: 表示“目的是……结果是……”Eg. I hired a boat so that I could go fishing. 我租了一条船去约鱼。（目的）He always studied hard so that he made great progress. 他总是努力地学习，结果他取得了很大的进步。（结果） 批注：第一个例句中表示目的，表示租船的目的就是为了能够去钓鱼，为钓鱼提供了交通便利的结果。      第二个例句中表示结果，通过努力学习，学生实现了成绩提高的结果。辨析：       1．Pop music is such an important part of society ________it has even influenced our language.
A. as B. that C. which D. where 2．I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early         I can have time for a cup of tea.A.as soon as    B.as a result  C.in case    D.so that2）In order that意思是“以便……，为了……”He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam. 他努力学习是为了能通过考试。3）So…that/such…that表示“如此……以至于……”的意思　　 He was so angry that he couldn't speak. 他气得话都说不出来。He shut the window with such force that the glass broke. 他关窗子用力太大，玻璃都震破了。批注：两个例句中，二者都可引导结果状语从句，且含义相同，但在 用法上有一定的区别。2. 目的、结果状语从句引导词用法辨析：1）so… that与such…that        So…that…: 句型中的so是副词，常常用来修饰形容词或副词，意思是“如此/这么……以致于……”                        在such... that...句型中，such修饰名词，意思也是“如此……以致于……”                      1．His plan was such a good one ____ we all agreed to accept it. (2006陕西) 　　A. so B. and C. that D. as 2．We were in ____ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets. (2003上海) 　　A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush 　　C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush  2）so that 和 in order that的区别a)       so that引导的从句只能放在主句之后;而in order that引导的从句既可放在主句前也可放在主句后。b)      so that还可引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，结果”，但in order that不能。Eg. He was very humorous so that we liked him very much. 他非常幽默，因此我们非常喜欢他。 3）to, in order to，so as to, so that，in order that来表示目的的区别：Eg. He got up early to /in order to/ so as to catch the first bus.他早起为了赶上第一趟车。批注：to, in order to，so as to引导的是目的状语短语，构成简单句；Eg. Speak clearly so that everybody can understand you. 请说清楚一点，这样每个人都能听懂。 批注：so that, in order that 引导的是目的状语从句，构成复合句，并且从句中谓语动词常与can, could, may, might等情态动词连用。 课堂练习1:（建议 3 分钟）1．   Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you. A. so that          B. if               C. when            D. although She was _____ tired _____ she could not move an inch. A. so, that         B. such, that         C. very, that         D. so, as Although it's raining, _____ are still working in the field. A. they             B. but they          C. and they          D. so they Speak to him slowly _____ he may understand you better. A. since            B. so that            C. for              D. because I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late for class. A. since            B. so that            C. as if             D. unless 课堂练习2（建议 5 分钟）:1.大厅里座位太少了，以至于不少人不得不站着听报告。 （so… that …）  2.各个地区采取了措施，使未能回家的人一起过了个快乐年。(so that)  3.他是一个热心肠的人，把大量的时间花在了志愿者工作上。（such…that）       2. 条件状语从句条件状语从句常见的引导词：1）In case表示 “如果”、“万一”Eg. -- In case I forget, please remind me about it. 如果我忘了，请提醒我。批注：in case 的意思是“万一，以防”，常用来引导条件状语从句。扩展：                 2）if和unless 表示“如果，除非……;如果不……”的意思,相当于if…not…,有时二者可以换用。　　Eg. If you have any questions or comments, you can voice them now.    你们如果有任何疑问或意见，可以现在提出。 1．Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water______ they are not managed carefully.A. though         B. before         C. until        D. if2．In time of serious accidents,       we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.A. whether    B. until    C. if     D. unless 3）as long as和so long as表示“只要”的意思　　 Eg. 1.Naturally, so long as they can understand. 当然可以，只要他们能理解。 2.as long as one lives; so long as there is still breath left in one 一息尚存 My parents don’t mind what job I do      I am happy.A. even though        B. as soon as         C. as long as          D. as though 4）Provided/supposing/on condition that表示“在……的条件下”Eg. We can finish the job in time provided/on condition that there is a stable supply of material. 在材料供应稳定的前提下，我们能够按时完成任务。批注：provided that表示“在……的前提/条件下”，就是on condition that，其格式固定，不用providing that。   Supposing that now you are at the airport, then you can directly take the blue bus to get to the hotel.   如果你现在到了机场，你可以直接乘坐巴士到酒店。批注：supposing that也表示“在……的前提/条件下”. 假设你已经到达了机场的条件下，你就可以选择巴士公共交通去酒店了。 5）once表示“一旦……就……”     Eg. Once I killed you, you are not able to live on.        一旦我杀了你，你就不能存活了。      environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem（生态系统）to recover.Even if      B. If only    C. While     D. Once 条件状语从句的时态1. 遵循原则主语与从句时态上保持一致的原则。1）Eg. He’ll be a doctor when he finish studying here.他结束在这儿的学习之后，将会成为一名医生。    批注：条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时，有时也可以用现在进行时和现在完成时。两个例句中的主句都是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。2）Eg. If you get the book, let me know. 如果你弄到了那本书，告诉我一声。    批注：有时主句中用祈使句和情态动词来替代将来时态。3）Eg. What do you want to do if you have much money?   如果你有很多钱，你想要做什么？批注：如果主句谓语动词是want, hope等词，则条件状语从句用一般现在时。4）在有些句子中，主、从句都可用一般现在时Eg. If you ring this number, no one answers.   如果你打这个电话号码，不会有人接。—What would you do if it          tomorrow?—We have to carry it on, since we’ve got everything ready.A.rain    B.rains     C.will rain     D.is raining（建议 10 分钟）翻译练习：如果你有任何疑问或意见，可以现在提出。  除非你吃肉，否则这种旅行就不适合你，因为这个地方的人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。  带上些钱，万一你想要买一些东西呢。    只要你不放弃，我们就能找到克服困难的办法。 此环节教案预期时间20（练题）+15（互动讲解）分钟。教学建议：1．   规定学生必须在20分钟内完成；2．   相互交换批改，表扬正确率最高的学生；3．   做对的学生给做错的学生讲题；4．   让每个学生简单总结一下错误原因及应该注意的问题。 一．语法新题型。15.As she reached in her baggage, she found her bag of cookie with surprise. “(31) _____ mine is here, the others were his,（2015年高三崇明区一模）16.Studying for an exam while listening to music is not smart, (33) _____ background music can reduce your ability to perform memory tasks, new research has found. （2015年高三崇明区一模）17.(30)______ ______ ______ reasons may be behind it, people’s attitudes toward left-handedness have changed a lot over the years. 18.(33)______ ______ a young child might be nervous about starting school, he or she is often excited on the first day of school.19.(28)________ hen an activity becomes fashion, says Liao, it has to satisfy people’s psychological needs .20.Being or becoming fit in middle age, the study found, (37) ________ ________ you haven’t previously bothered with exercise, appears to reshape the landscape in aging.  GrammarAOnce upon a time, a man was walking on a mountain __25__ he found an incredible cave with all kinds of treasure inside it. So he gave up his job, his home, and his friends, and spent all his time guarding the cave.He was so dedicated to it that he hardly ate or drank, and before long he __26__(fall) ill. One day, when he __27__ hardly move at all, he decided to share the treasure.He crawled into the cave to get a handful of jewels, but discovered, to his horror, that it was empty except for a small emerald(绿宝石). The man took it and gave it to the first person __28__(come) by, a woman.Then an old man came by. “What bad luck！” the man said. “Just a moment ago I gave a woman the last of the treasure I was guarding.”“Are you sure there is nothing left？” the old man asked. The man took him into the cave, __29__ they found a chest with jewels and some bags of gold. The man was shocked, and the old man explained to him, “At last! At last! At last someone has broken the spell of this cave. This is the Cave of Treasure, and you're the first to have passed its great test. Many have dedicated their lives to this cave, only to end up __30__(realize) there was nothing here…”“And why does this happen？” the man asked.“This magic cave has only as many riches as your own heart. When someone discovers it, the cave fills with the treasure they bring with them, but later, when they have devoted themselves to guarding the treasure, their hearts become empty. So __31__ the cave. The only way to fill it is by filling your heart with all that is good, as you did by giving the woman that last jewel.”From that day on, the man understood that it was better to share than to keep. Thanks to the cave and the old man, he became noble and generous.er   此环节设计时间在10分钟内（以学生自我总结为主，TR根据教案中的总结进行引导为辅，为本次课做一个总结回顾；总结方式可以多种多样，如画思维导图、默想回忆、抢答形式等。教案中给到重难点/易错点等的总结条目。）B    As we all know, dogs make wonderful companions and are usually content to do __32__ their owners are doing, from taking a ride in the car to lounging around on the sofa on __33__ lazy Sunday afternoon. However, having a canine companion gives you a great excuse to get out and exercise! __34__ that means taking a brisk walk around your neighborhood or running along a park trail, you and your dog can __35__ benefit.    Of course, __36__ you initiate your shared exercise regimen, visit your physician and take your pet to his veterinarian（兽医）. Your doctors can make sure there are no underlying health concerns __37__ might prevent either of you from exercising and even recommend exercises that are right for you and your dog.    If you’ve ever noticed your dog __38__ (race) extra fast around your house or yard (sometimes __39__(refer) to as zooming), you’ve witnessed him trying to burn excess energy.To prevent your dog from getting heat stroke, avoid exercising during the __40__(hot) part of the day, especially if you own a brachycephalic breed. Dawn, dusk and after dark are often the best times to run or walk.二．阅读理解。AThe pattern of flexible work life is good for you. They found that if people have the ability to work from home and to compress work weeks, they are more likely to make healthier lifestyle choices, to exercise more and to sleep better. "Perhaps it gives people the time to enjoy healthier lifestyle or maybe it just enables people to better manage their time," Professor Joseph G. Grzywacz, of Wake Forest University School of Medicine, said in an interview. While the primary driver behind the flexibility movement was to help people, especially women, combine work and family, evidence suggests this is clearly not only a women's issue, Grzywacz, who reported the findings in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, said. The researchers looked at Health Risk Assessment from employees in jobs ranging from warehouse and production workers to executives at a large multinational company. The firm used for the study is consistently recognized by Working Mother magazine as among the most family-friendly employers in the United States. "This isn't just about high-level office workers, these people perform a wide variety of tasks within the company," Grzywacz explained. He said the research shows public health departments and organizations that they could get something out of giving their employees more flexibility. But, he added, further research was needed to assess the long-term benefits.66. Research showed that if employees could manage their work from companies well at home, a flexible work life would _____ .A. lower their working efficiencyB. help them have more choices for healthier lifestylesC. enable them to compress work weeks   D. encourage them to perform different tasks67. Health Risk Assessment covered _____.A. almost all the employees working on different postsB. only women workers and executivesC. high-level office workers and those blue-collared workers   D. those working in warehouses and on production lines68. The word consistently is closest in meaning to _______.    A. occasionally          B. coincidentally      C. always       D. seldom69. Which of the following statements is NOT RIGHT according to the passage?   A. Flexible work life given, it was quite possible for employees to manage their time better.   B. Long-term benefits to employees were made clear in public.   C. More flexibility given to jobs would benefit companies or organizations.   D. Elastic work life provided, the healthier lifestyle could be ensured.  课后作业 ．语从句考点单句：                                        1 From my experiences, I believe that my life will turn out all right (31)                  it is not that easy. （15虹口） 2 Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim light helps people loosen up. (38)       that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation.（15虹口） 3 But research shows that strengthening the mind may be just as important. Careful study indicates that the best athletes win partly 27________ they think they can win．（15黄埔） 4 They wrote down their possible scores on paper ___27___ the students took exams.(15浦东  5 It appeared ___27____ _______ it had been built strong to defend from storms, but for what purpose? (15长宁)  6 As you get older, if feels like time tends to move faster. As Dan Ariely explains over at The Wall Street Journal, we tend to fall into familiar routines(25)_______we age and that makes time move quickly. (15徐汇 )  7  ________such an app arrives, try to do at least one new thing every week. (15徐汇) if 8 Her passion for flight lasted in her remaining life (32) ______ she mysteriously disappeared from public in the year 1937 （15闵行） 9 There was little Grrusing he and his group could do (31) __________ they watched the earth swallow their classrooms.(15奉贤)  10 A change was agreed in May, allowing a car to drive itself (40) ____ _____ _____ a driver is in the car and able to take the wheel at any time. (15奉贤) 11 (36)___________bargaining customs vary, a few rules of etiquette apply in most cultures. (15奉贤)  12 ___________ you go, understanding local customs can help you find good prices.(15奉贤)  13 _____ _____ _____ we arrived, it had become just a pile of ash (15崇明)  14 Yet other people seem to be really happy, (34)_________they are poor, or have no job, or are surrounded by problems. Why?(15普陀) 15 A new report said middle class workers could still be working (33) ________ ________ they are at the age of 70, to help out their grown up children.(15闸北)  16 They were always getting into trouble and their parents knew that, (34)         anything terrible occurred in their town, their sons were probably involved.(15杨浦)状语从句考点单句：                                        1.Our life is nothing more than our time. To kill time is therefore a form of suicide. We are shocked (27) ______ we think of death, and we spare no pains, no trouble, and no expense to preserve life. （虹口）2.(31)______ some of the medicinal benefits of garlic have yet to be proven, it is certain (32) ______ many people enjoy the flavour that it adds to food.(黄浦)The drug issue always excites strong emotions of American (36) ______ drug abuse is regarded as a major threat to American society, particularly to its younger members. （黄浦）(33)______ they first invented eye makeup as far back as 4000 B.C., it has never gone out of style. Even more impressive, some cosmetically-minded cultures still create makeup using the same techniques (34) ______ (originate) in Egypt thousands of years ago. （浦东）5.All these cause the bears serious physical health problems (32) ______ ______ many of them display strange behavior such as swaying (摇摆) and pacing as they cannot follow natural behavioral patterns and instincts. (宝山)The process is repeated again and again (26) ______ the animals automatically begin to raise their paws – to “dance” – in fear of the pain, even when there are no metal sheets. (宝山)7. Some even offer express lanes for customers with 10 items or less. ____29____they pay for their purchases, customers receive a smile and a warm "thank you" from the clerk.(徐汇)8.And ____27____they are at a yard sale or flea market (跳蚤市场) they don't bother trying to bargain.(徐汇)9.(28)__________ I haven't appeared in person, I have attended your college graduations, weddings and even the birth of your children, in my imagination."（闵行）10.Modern cars are far tougher to steal, (36)__________ their engine management computer won't allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code sent out by the ignition (点火) key. （闵行）11.Lawyers, truck drivers, bankers and models were rubbing their eyes or crying openly with no shame (32)_______  _______ the words from a long forgotten English teacher from their hometown.（闵行）12.The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer(锁止器), and a radio signal from a control center miles away will ensure that (34)__________ the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.（闵行）13.He was named Leonardo because his pregnant mother was looking at a Leonardo da Vinci painting in a museum __34_____ DiCaprio first kicked.   （奉贤）DiCaprio made his big screen breakthrough in 1992, __36_____ he was chosen by Robert De Niro out of 400 young actors to play the lead role in This Boy's Life.(奉贤)The 92-year-old confident and proud lady, who is fully dressed each morning by eight o’clock, with her hair fashionably combed and makeup perfectly applied, (25)_____ _____ she’s legally blind, moved to a nursing home today.(崇明)Each day is a gift, and (33)_____ _____ _____ my eyes open, I’ll focus on the new day and all the happy memories I’ve stored away…just for this time in my life.”(崇明)