2021年上海市高二第一学期英语培优讲义第7讲 考纲词汇&翻译&新题型与阅读【教案】

这是一份2021年上海市高二第一学期英语培优讲义第7讲 考纲词汇&翻译&新题型与阅读【教案】，共16页。
2021-2022学年高一升高二英语暑期讲义（上海通用版） 第7讲 考纲词汇&翻译&新题型与阅读 教师版
教学内容

一、 上次课考纲词汇默写
1. adv.而且 2. adj,乏味的，无聊的
3. n.毯子；覆盖物，覆盖层 4. n.行李
5. adj.美丽的；出色的 6. n.色蕾舞
7. adj.醒着的 8. n.棒球
9. 相信,信任;信念,信仰 10. v.烘，焙，烤
11. 烤肉野餐 12. adj.失明的;盲目的
13. v.预定(票、座位、房间等） 14. n. 林荫道；大街
15. n.行为，举止 16. n.乐队
17. a.舞会 18. n.浴室
19. v打；打败；(心脏等)跳动 20. 账单，账款
21. adj.落后的 22. bloom vi. /n.
23. bargain vi. 24. unaware adj.
25. beneficial adj. 26. bomb u
27. imbalance n. 28. basic adj.
29. bitter adj.
30. bet v. /n. 31. bodily adj.
32. barely adv. 33. baby-sit vi.
34. belongings n. 35. bless vt.
36. battle n. 37. unavoidable adj.
38. beyond prep. 39. barrier n.
40. awkward adj.
41. bacteria n. 42. bloody adj.
43. ban n. 44. biological adj.
45. boast u In. 46. beg v.
47. battery n. 48. background n.
49. awful adj.
50. block vt.


二、
高考英语词组测验3(P25-36)
1. 因…应受责备 be to blame for
2. 某事物使某人受益，某人得益于某事物 sth. benefit sb. = sb. benefit from sth.
3. 破坏生态平衡 upset/disturb/destroy the balance of nature
4. 从头到尾，自始至终 from beginning to end
5. 对…感到厌烦 be bored with
6. 因…授予某人…奖 award sb. sth. for = award sth. to sb. for
7. 不能忍受做 can’t bear/stand doing/ to do
8. 以…为基础 be based on, on the basis of
9. 在…方面落后(于…)fall/be behind (…)in
10. 卧(病)在床 be (ill) in bed
11. 竭尽全力做 do/try one's best to do
12. 售票处 booking office
13. 某物对某人来说可得到sth. be available
14. 信任；相信…的存在，信仰 believe in
15. (介)因为 because of
16. 由…开始 begin/start with
17. 洗澡 have/take a bath
18. not a bit 一点也不
19. 最好不做 had better not do
20. (充分)意识到… be (fully/well) aware of/that/wh-
21. 按铃 ring the bell
22. 生于… be born in
23. 牢记… bear/keep sth. in mind, bear/keep in mind that...
24. 人 human being
25. 劳逸结合 keep a balance between work and play
26. 行为检点，守规矩 behave oneself
27. 平均 on (the/an) average
28. 正要做某事 be about to do sth.
29. 安全带 seat/safety belt
30. 对…有害 be bad for
31. 把…归咎于某人 blame sb. for sth. = blame sth. on sb.
32. 布告栏 notice board
33. 理发店 the barber's
34. 在海滩 at/on the beach
35. be bound to do —定会 ；负有…义务的
36. 避免做 avoid doing
37. 像以前一样as before
38. 禁止…做 ban... from doing
39. 肢体语言 body language
40. 属于 belong to
41. big game (象、狮子等)大猎物
42. come into being 形成
43. 铺床 make a/the/one's bed
44. on board 在船(飞机、车)上
45. 举止得当/恶劣 behave well/badly
46. 在某人背后，背地里 behind one's back
47. 游泳衣 bathing suit
48. 生来具有… be born with
49. 在…之初 at the beginning of
50. 吹唬… boast about/of/that





A字母重难点梳理
翻译同步练习：
1.高频单词 available
1.很多边远学校没有图书馆，以致一些孩子没有读过课本以外的任何书籍。 (available) （2013年黄埔一模）
Libraries are not available in many remote schools so that some children have never read any book(s) except textbooks.
2.在生物实验室，教授重点介绍了一些实验可用的材料。(available)（2013年闵行一模）
In the biology laboratory, the professor highlighted (focused on) the materials available for the experiment.
3.这家花店里面的鲜花一应俱全。(available) （2013年浦东一模）
Various flowers are available in the flower shop.
4.虽然网上的信息应有尽有，但要辨别真伪也绝非易事。(available) （徐汇） 
Although all kinds of information are available online, it is no easy job/task to tell/judge which is true.
5.有了先进的科技，世界各国的警方可以更快更方便地抓获罪犯。（available）
With the advanced science and technology available, (Because the advanced science and technology is available,) the police all over the world/ in different countries can catch/ find out criminals/ bring the criminals to justice faster and more easily.
6.青少年如今均可享受优质教育。(available) （虹口）
High quality / Quality / Excellent education is available to teen-agers / youngsters now / nowadays.
7. 图书馆里借不到这本参考书，我只能去附近书店买。(available) （16年徐汇二模）
The reference book was not available in the library, so I had to buy one at the bookstore nearby.
8. 汤姆错过了那场公众评价很高的电影，并非因为买不到电影票，而是因为交通堵塞。（available）（16年虹口二模）
Tom missed the movie (which / that) the public speak / spoke highly of not because the movie ticket was not available but because he met with / came across a traffic jam.

2.高频单词 access
1.只要你可以上网，任何难题几乎都可瞬间解决。(access)（闸北二模）
As long as you have access to the Internet,, almost any difficult problem can be solved instantly.
2. 居民们都希望有朝一日能更方便地享受图书馆的优质服务。（access）（浦东二模）
Residents all hope that they can have easy assess to the quality service of libraries one day.
3.没有许可，你不能使用该图书馆的设施。（access) （静安）
Without permission,you can’t have access to the library’s facilities.
4.现在人人都有接受教育的机会。(access). (静安一模)
Now everyone has access to education.
5.令同学们高兴的是他们在假期中也能使用学校图书馆。（access n.）(杨浦一模)
To the students’ delight/ joy, they can also have access to the school library during the vacation./ What delights the students is that …
6.毫无疑问，小时候没有受过教育的父母经常叮嘱他们的孩子要好好读书。( access ) (15金山一模)
There is no doubt that those parents who had no access to education in their childhood often ask their children to study hard.
7.在我们学校，教师和学生都可以免费上网。(access) （16闵行二模）
In our school, the teachers and students have free access to the Internet.
8. 在假期学生也能使用图书馆。（access）（16黄浦二模）
Students have access to the library during the vacation too.
3.高频单词 absorb
1. 我在全神贯注地看书，没有听到手机在响。（absorb）（卢湾一模）
I was so absorbed in reading that I didn’t hear my cell phone ringing.
2.时光飞逝，尤其当你聚精会神地读一本好书时。（absorb）（黄浦二模）
Time passes/flies quickly, especially when you are absorbed in reading a good book.

4.高频单词 adapt
1 这首绘制人口的歌曲改自一首古老的民歌。(adapt) （16徐汇二模）
This popular song is adapted from an old folk song.

5.高频单词 advocate
1.要想发展科学，必须营造一种鼓励创新的环境，要允许自由探索，提倡学术争鸣。(advocate)（16徐汇二模）
To develop science, we must create an environment which encourages innovation, and we must allow free exploration (of new things) and advocate academic debate.

6.高频单词 appeal
1.你对上周美术馆展出的那些画感兴趣吗？(appeal) (嘉定一模)
Do those paintings exhibited in the gallery last week appeal to you?
2.一部吸引观众的电影从一开头就能调起他们的兴趣。 （appeal） （普陀）
A film which appeals to the audience can arouse their interest from the very beginning.
5.高频单词 attention
1．世界各地的导演、演员不远万里齐聚一堂，令本次电影节受到了广泛的关注利报道。 (attention)
Directors and actors from all over the World have traveled all the way to gather here, making the film festival receive widespread attention and coverage.
2.新一代中国领导人将更加关注经济转型和提高人民的生活水平。(attention) （杨浦）
The new generation of Chinese leaders will pay more attention to the economic transformation / transition / restructuring and improving people’s living standards.
7.高频单词absent
1. 班长昨天班会课没来。(absent)（宝山一模）
The monitor was absent from/ the class meeting /yesterday/yesterday’s class meeting.
11. 今天的报告有多少人缺席？( absent ) （宝山）
How many people/ are absent from/ lecture today/today’s lecture?
8.高频单词admit
1.为了保证游客安全，游客在九点之后不得进入公园。（admit）(静安一模)
To guarantee the visitors’ safety, they are not admitted into the park after 9 p.m..
2.每天只允许五百名游客进入这座宏伟的博物馆。(admit) 2013年金山一模试卷
Only 500 visitors are admitted to this magnificent museum every day.
3.每天仅准许两百名游客进入博物馆参观，因为里面的物品非常珍贵。(admit) (15静安一模)
People who are/become aware of the importance of health are paying closer/ more and more attention   to their diets.

9.高频单词advise/advice
1.老师建议学生每天收听英语新闻。（advise）（徐汇区）
The teacher advised the students to listen to English news every day.
2. 我想知道你是否能给我一些出国留学的建议。（advice）2013 年奉贤一模试卷
I would like to know whether you can give me some advice on studying abroad
10.高频单词as 同级比较以及倒装句
1.尽管她独身一人，但是她忙于妇女权利方面的工作，所以一点也不感到孤独。（as）（崇明县）
Alone as she is, she is too busy with her work for women’s rights that she feels anything but lonely.
2.学会负责真没想象得那么简单。 （as）(青浦一模)
Learning to be responsible is really not as easy as (one has) imagined.
3.我认为David的表现没有Alice出色。(as) （浦东）
I don’t think that David’s performance is so good as that of Alice/Alice’s.
4.我认为你们的建议和他们的一样有价值。（as…as）(09上海真题)
I think your suggestion is as valuable as theirs.
5经过多年的建设，这个小镇现在和地震前一样充满了活力。(as...as) (13上海真题)
After years of / years’ construction, the little town is now as lively as it was before the earthquake / it used to be before the earthquake.
6他们的建议听起来和我们的同样可行。(as…as) (14年虹口二模)
Their suggestions sound as feasible/ practical as ours.
7药品没有广告说得那么有效，我服了药后，没有缓解我的咳嗽。(as…as) (14年黄浦二模)
The medicine was not as effective as what the advertisement (had) claimed, for it didn’t relieve my cough after I took it.
8在线预订出租车虽然很时尚，但许多相关问题尚待解决。(as) (14年静安 宝山 青浦 杨浦二模)
Fashionable as booking a taxi online is, many related problems remain to be settled/ solved.
9.对学生而言，身心健康与在学业表现中取得的进步同样重要。(as---as) (15普陀一模)
For students, mental and physical health is as important as the progress (made) in academic performance.
10.众所周知，大量砍树对自然平衡有灾难性的影响。）（As)（2015年徐汇金山松江二模）
As we all know/as is known to all, cutting down a large number of trees has disastrous effects on the balance of nature.
11.高频单词associate
现在人们已经习惯于将坏天气与空气污染联想到一起。(associate) （16虹口二模）
Now people are used / accustomed to associating bad weather with air pollution.
12..高频单词aware
1.他意识到自己犯了一个严重的错误。（aware）（长宁区）
He is aware of making / having made a serious mistake.

2.意识到健康重要性的人们正在越来越关注他们的饮食。(aware) (15静安一模)
Only two hundred visitors can be admitted into the museum a day/every day because the items in it are very precious.
3.他肯定早就意识到了英语的重要性，所以英语那么好。( aware) (15嘉定一模)
He must have been aware of the importance/ significance of English, so he has a good command of it.

13.高频单词although
1.尽管遭受如此严重的自然灾害，但只要不灰心，我们终会克服暂时的困难。(Although...) (08上海真题)
Although we are suffering such a severe natural disaster, we will eventually overcome the temporary difficulty as long as we don't lose heart.
2. 虽然大多数孩子喜欢吃快餐，但科学研究显示汉堡和匹萨缺乏身体健康和成长所必须的矿物质及维生素.(Although)  (15黄埔一模)
Although most children enjoy eating fast food , scientific research have shown that burgers and pizzas can lack minerals and vitamins for health and growth.

14.高频单词assure
1.他向经理保证,一经录用，他会竭尽所能为公司服务，绝不辜负公司的期望并为自己的理想打拼。(assure) （虹口二模）
He assured the manager that if / once (he was) appointed / accepted, he would do his best to work for / serve the company, live up to the expectation of the company and strive for his own ideal.
2.我可以向你保证目前一切都在掌握之中。(assure) (15崇明一模)
I can assure you that everything is under control at present.
3.她一直犹豫是否要做手术，直到医生确切地告诉她到目前为止手术没有失败过时，才下决心做手术。 （assure）（2015年长宁嘉定二模）
She hesitated whether to take the operation or not, so she didn’t decide to take it until her doctor assured her that this kind of operation had never failed.


(A)
Accidents happen almost everywhere every day. Some accidents are not serious and some really are.We read about such accidents nearly every day in the newspapers. And people usually think that accidents take place only on the roads or highways until they (25)__come across accidents in their homes or even at work places. As a matter of fact, home accidents are just as common as those we see and hear on the roads, some of (26)_cause even much more serious consequences. Because very few home accidents are reported, people come to think that there are few accidents that happen in homes.
There (27)__(be) many serious cases where people fall to their deaths from high-rise flats so far. In most cases, children and women often fall over while (28)__(step) down the stairs. Old people may slip on wet floors, getting badly hurt or even killed, if they are not careful.
Nowadays there are a lot of modern electrical appliances at home (29)__ __rice cookers, micro waves and washing machines, which make life easy for the modern housewives. These appliances can kill people (30)__they are used in the proper way. Gas stoves used for cooking are also dangerous if they are not properly used. They may cause burns or, in more serious cases, even fires.
But all such accidents (31)__be stopped if we are careful and follow simple rules of safety. For example, it is unwise for people to try repairing their own electrical appliances if they do not know how to repair them. Therefore, it is safer and more reliable (32)__people get them repaired by an electrician.
(B)
A study of English learning problems was carried out among a total of 106 foreign students. It shows that nearly all these students considered (33)__(understand) spoken English, especially in the first few weeks, to be their biggest problem on arrival. This was followed by speaking or communicating.Writing then increased as a big problem as students discovered difficulties in writing papers that they (34)__(expected) to hand in. And at me same time, reading remained as a significant problem.
The information (35)__(gain)helped us in determining where special attention should be paid to in our course. Although many students have chosen to join the course with a reasonable motivation, we considered it important to note (36)__seemed to encourage interest. Nearly all the students have experienced some kind of grammar-based English teaching or teacher-centered English learning in their own country. It would be self-defeating (37) __(use) the same method, especially if it has failed in the past or it is too complicated to follow or imitate, (38)__it might reduce motivation and interest.Therefore a different method may help because it is different.
(39)__variety of activities was also regarded as a way of maintaining or increasing motivation and interest. Several years ago we had the first timetable that operated throughout the course of English learning, but we soon found that both the students and the teachers lost interest by about half-way through the ten weeks. This led us to a major re-think, and we had to explore a much (40) __(effective) way of English learning, so finally we brought it into line with the expressed language needs of the students.
25.themselves 26.which 27. have been 28. stepping 29.such as 30.unless 31. can 32. that 33. understanding 34. were expected 35.gained 36. what 37. to use 38. because 39.The 40. more effective

(A)
Chicago is an incredible city and a key business center for the Midwest. That means that sooner or later most business travelers(25)_______(find) themselves there. This City Guide for Chicago provides business travelers with all the information they need(26)_________（plan）a successful trip to Chicago. Of course, it also help you find out how to enjoy(27)_________while you’re there.
Unless you’re just in Chicago for the day, there’s a good chance that you’ll have some time after work to explore the sleepless city and(28)________you’re ready to take a break from business meetings or simply want to throw in some sightseeing after a busy week at work.(29)____ _____ ______help business travelers plan their free time better,we’ve created this overview of things to do in Chicago. We’ll help you feel at home in one of America’s biggest cities.
If you’re mainly going to be downtown, the buses and trains and taxis can pretty quickly move you around. To make it easy, we’ve pulled together a complete list of the transportation options for business on rental cars in Chicago. Of course, business travelers(30)_______also want to compare prices on rental cars in Chicago, especially if they need transportation to the surrounding suburbs.
Chicago has a huge range of dining options. You can always get some real comfort food there,but when it comes to business lunches or dinners, it’s nice to have something a little(31)_________(nice).
Chicago is a wonderful city for business travelers. Hotel options range from ultra-fancy in town to cheap and convenient in the suburbs. While it’s relatively easy to move around Chicago, it’s still a good idea for business travelers to know(32)_______they need to be during the day and to select a hotel nearby. Alternatively, you can select a hotel that’s in the heart of the downtown area.
(B)
Special Public Budget
Graffiti(涂鸦) Vandalism(故意破坏公物的行为)in Adelaide costs the public purse more than two million dollars a year,which(33)__________(reveal). Ratepayers and taxpayers foot the bill for continual cleanups of graffiti from metropolitan bus shelters,public buildings and reserves, Trans Adelaide alone spends about one million dollars a year(34)_________(remove)graffiti from buses and trains. And Adelaide’s 27 metropolitan councils expect to spend at least one million dollars this financial year on graffiti clean-ups.
However, costs would be hundreds of thousands of dollars higher(35)_________councils did not rely on volunteers or criminals serving community service orders to do the work. Glenelg Council, for example, has a Correctional Services Department team which removes graffiti from the foreshore area at least once a week. Other councils,(36)________Elizabeth, Noarlunga and Payneham, have employed special anti-graffiti offices.Salisbury is among those councils(37)______call on a data bank of volunteers to immediately paint out graffiti “tags”.
Despite the “tagging” of the War Memorial on North Terrace(38)_________(follow)by the public outcry 18 months ago, several councils have reported a significant increase in graffiti attacks.
“We have budgeted $53,200 for clean-ups this year, but we will go over that. Each year the budget goes up by 15 or20 per cent,”an Elizabeth City Council spokesman said yesterday, “It really is(39)_________enormous social problem.”
A spokesman for Stirling Council said his council could easily spend $20,000 a year on graffiti, but could not afford $6,000 for the most offensive or obvious word. “It’s not a matter of how much graffiti you have,(40)________how much you can afford to clean up,” he said.
25.will find 26.to plan 27.yourself/yourselves 28.that 29. In order to 30.may 31.nicer 32.where 33.is revealed/has been revealed 34.removing 35.if 36.including/like 37.which 38.followed 39.an 40. but
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
Rosalind Franklin always liked facts. She was logical and precise, and impatient with things that were otherwise. She decided to become a scientist when she was 15. She passed the examination admission to Cambridge University in 1938, and it sparked a family crisis. Although her family was well-to-do and had a traditional of public service and charity, her father disapproved of university education for women. He refused to pay. An aunt stepped in and said Franklin should go to school, and she would pay for it. Franklin’s mother also took her side until her father finally gave in.
She was invited to King’s College in London to join a team of scientists. The leader of the team assigned her to work on DNA with a graduate student. Franklin’s assumption was that it was her own project. The laboratory’s second-in-command, Maurice Wilkins, was on vacation at the time, and when he returned, their relationship was puzzling. He assumed she was to assist his work; she assumed she’d be the only one working on DNA. They had powerful personality differences as well: Franklin direct, quick, decisive, and Wilkins shy, hesitant, and passive.
In 1953, Wilkins changed the course of DNA history by disclosing, without Franklin’s permission, her Photo 51 to competing scientist James Watson, who was working on his own DNA model with Francis Crick at Cambridge. Upon seeing the photograph, Watson said, “My jaw fell open and my pulse began to race,” according to author Brenda Maddox who wrote the book Rosalind Franklin: The Dark Lady of DNA.
The two scientists did in fact use what they saw in Photo 51 as the basis for their famous model of DNA, which they published on March7, 1953, and for which they received a Nobel Prize in 1962. Crick and Watson were also able to take most of the credit for the finding: they included a footnote acknowledging that they were “stimulated by a general knowledge” of Franklin’s and Wilkin’s unpublished contribution, when much of their work was rooted in Franklin’s photo and findings. Franklin didn’t know that these men based their article on her research, and she didn’t complain either, likely as a result of her upbringing. Franklin “didn’t do anything that would invite criticism...(that was) bred into her,” Maddox said.

65. Wilkins’ relationship with Franklin was characterized by____________.
A. Unity and harmony B. confusion and competition
C. cooperation and miscommunication D. misunderstanding and conflict
66. What does Watson mean by saying “My jaw fell open and my pulse began to race”?
A. He was confused that Crick had not made this discovery.
B. He was surprised that Wilkins had discovered this information.
C. He was satisfied with the importance of Photo51.
D. He was anxious about the progress Wilkins and Franklin had made
68. What is Brenda Maddox’s main intention according to the quote in the last paragraph?
A. To re-evaluate the importance of the DNA model.
B. To criticize King’s College and Cambridge.
C. To emphasize Franklin’s importance in science
D. To deny Watson’s and Crick’s contribution to science.
69. Franklin’s career as a scientist demonstrates_____________.
A. that her work was pointing at the most difficult problem
B. that she was the only female scientist during the period
C. the importance of DNA in modern science
D. that perseverance leads to success and recognition of field scientists
（B）
Reviews
Cultural Breaks by Brain Aldiss
Reviewed by Paul Kincaid

Brian Aldiss is an amazing and frustrating writer. When he is on song, his style is forceful, disturbing and delectable. But he is a restless writer. He came into his own in the enthusiastic and experimental atmosphere of the New Wave, and he has been driven to try the new and the different ever since. That he is still experimenting now, 50 years after his appearance, is a measure of a man who has never been prepared to settle back on his laurels.

The Secrets of Jin-Shei by Alma Alexander
Reviewed by Donna McMahon

With so many fantasy novels using European-derived settings and mythology, ancient China makes a refreshing change. The landscape is tempting and yet familiar enough to feel very real, and the author uses magic sparingly, in ways appropriate to her society. This and the complex detail put into the backdrop makes the novel feel very much like historical fiction.

Straken by Terry Brooks
Reviews by Natural Brazil

The third novel in the High Druid of Shannara series jumps straight back into the story where it left off. It continues the quest of unlikely hero Penderrin Ohmsford. Now equipped with the means to break in- and back out- of the Forbidding, where his aunt, the overthrown Ard Phys of Druids, is stranded, Pen must first get back to Paranor. His rescue attempt can only begin from within the chamber where Grianne Ohmsford disappeared. Unfortunately, this will deliver him straight into the hands of those responsibilities for his aunt’s disappearance.


70. The reviewer admires Brain Aldiss’ ability to___________.
A. write so many novels
B. continue to be inventive in his writing
C. write disturbing plots
D. have a writing career spanning over four decades
71. Why does the setting of Jin-Shei appeal to the reviewer?
A. It is a good science of fiction setting.
B. It is mysterious.
C. It is a less common choice of setting.
D. It is very magical.
72. Terry Brook’s novel continues a series on___________.
A. the adventures of an unsuspecting hero and his attempts to rescue his aunt
B. a request about the High Druid of Shannara in a secret chamber in Paranor
C. The disappearance of a Druid which foils the plans of the enemies
D. Liberating a stranded aunt who is key to the knowledge of the Forbidding
(C)
Aisling’s mother died at midsummer. She had fallen sick so suddenly that some of the villagers wondered if the fairies had come and taken her, for she was still young and beautiful. She was buried three days later beneath the hawthorn tree(山楂树)behind the house, just as twilight was darkening the sky.
Maire Solanya, the village greenwitch, came that evening to perform the old rituals over grave. She stood at the foot of the mound of black soil. Aisling and her father stood at the head of it, resting on the simple headstone, was the burning candle. Aisling’s father had lit it shortly after Elinor died, and it would burn all night. The gravestone was a plain piece of slate carved with her name: Elinor. Grass and tree roots would grow up around it as the years passed, until it would seem as if it had always been there.
Maire Solanya said in her low, clear voice, “Life to life, from breath to breath, we remember Elinor.” She held a round loaf of bread in her hands. She tore off a small piece and ate it, chewing deliberately, before handing the loaf to Aisling’s father. He pulled off his own piece, then passed it to his daughter. It was still warm, and it smelt like her mother’s kitchen after baking. But it hadn’t come from her mother’s hands, and that realization made a lump rise in her throat. The bread was tasteless.
Maire Solanya took the loaf from her, its crust(面包皮)gaping open, and placed it on the gravestone next to the candle. Aisling couldn’t shake the feeling that her mother had merely gone out on an errand and would come home at any moment and wonder what the three of them were doing. It didn’t seem possible that she was buried there, at the foot of the hawthorn tree, in the ground. It was easier to believe the village rumors than to sit with the ache inside herself.
She remembered those rumors now, while she stood with her father and Maire Solanya in a tense silence. Everyone had always said that Elinor had some magic in her, and everyone knew that fairies-if they existed-were drawn to that. So Aisling’s father had ordered all the old rituals, even though he did not believe in them, just in case. She was not entirely sure what she herself believed, but she knew that her mother would want them to do these rituals for her, and that was enough.
When the sun slipped below the horizon, the green witch said, “Sleep in peace, Elinor,” and scattered a gold powder over the grave to bind Elinor to the earth. On the freshly turned soil, the gold glittered like fairly dust.

73. Aisling and her family are most likely_________.
A. fairies in disguise B. Simple village folk
C. wealthy farmers D. experienced bakers
74. Maire Solanya performed the rituals in order to ________.
A. express thanks to the fairies B. protect the hawthorn tree
C. respect Elinor’s wishes D. capture Elinor’s spirit
75. Which of the following does not describe Elinor?
A. A believer in magic. B. Practical.
C. Skilled at baking. D. Youthful.
76. Which statement best describes Aisling’s belief in fairies?
A. She is uncertain and finds the idea unsettling.
B. She finds the idea comforting but is unsure.
C. She is certain they exist and wishes they would bring back her mother.
D. She believes strongly in the power of their rituals but not in their existence.
77. Why did Aisling find the bread" tasteless"?
A. It reminded her of her mother’s absence.
B. It was a terribly rude thing to eat at her mother’s funeral.
C. Solanya was really a poor baker in the village.
D. There had not been sufficient ingredients to make the bread.

66-69 CBCD 70-72 BCA 73-77 BCBBA
A. Without the added time, their choices were no better than chance.
B. Then you won’t have to wrestle later with that irrelevant information.
C. In the study, 13 volunteers were asked to look at competing sets of dots scrolling across a computer screen.[来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K]
D. If you have ever struggled with a difficult decision, you have likely also been offered a heap of decision-making wisdom.
E. That precious time is enough to allow our attention to focus on sorting out the distracters from the useful information related to the situation.
F. Once people have all the necessary information to make a decision, too much conscious thinking may lead to unnecessary attention given to irrelevant factors.
When you’re making a split-second decision, waiting a fraction of a second to decide can make a world of difference.
Scientists at Columbia University and the University of Pittsburgh found that when making choices between a right and wrong answer, people’s accuracy in making the right decision increased dramatically when they gave themselves a small amount of time. __1___
It’s all about giving our attention enough time to sort out the relevant information from the distracters, says one of the study's co-authors, Vincent Ferrera, an associate professor of (神经科学）at Columbia University Medical Center. “The little extra time to sort out the irrelevant information makes the decision-making more efficient," he says.[来源:Z#xx#k.Com]
____2___. They were told which set was their target, and then asked to indicate which direction the .target dots were moving when the distracting set was introduced 一the distracting set either moved in the same direction or the opposite direction of the target dots. The participants performed this task under different conditions: in some experiments they aimed for accuracy, in others, for speed.
Ferrera and his colleagues found that when the participants had a little more 1 as 50 milliseconds to make their decision, their accuracy improved. The reason? ___3___. "If you take attention offline, you go from almost perfect accuracy to almost chance accuracy," he says.
That doesn’t mean taking longer to decide necessarily leads to a better choice. With more time, there's more chance for distracting and even misleading information to filter into the process, confusing the situation. Ferrera's findings suggest that simply accumulating more and more information isn't always helpful. "What we're saying is that before you start gathering evidence, take a short moment to determine whether that evidence is really relevant to the decision you are making,” he says."___4___"
答案：ACEBSummary Writing：
Directions: Please read the following passage and write a summary of it in no more than 60 words.
How to Deal with Whiners
There are always some people radiating negativity in the workplace. For them, the temperature is never right, the boss is always a fool , the canteen food is awful, and they are always treated unfairly.
Career experts say such habitual complainers are highly contagious （会蔓延的）and that their attitude can easily affect an entire team in a company. “While some complaints might be reasonable, others are taken from thin air. You need to see between these different types and adopt the right strategy towards each,” said Li Ling, HR manger at Wal-Mart(China) Investment Co.,Ltd.
It’s especially hard to deal with complaints at work because you can’t just walk away or put your colleagues’ words out of mind. If you do, it will hurt your co-workers and you might be isolated. In a team-based company you belong to a group and need to behave accordingly. But don’t show too much sympathy. Listening passively to others’ complaints could damage your image and give others the impression that you agree with them. “Listen to the whiners(抱怨个不停的人）actively, “ says HR Li. “Help them find a solution, or see if there are ways to improve the situation.”
Zhai Min, 24, a software engineers at Kingdee International Software Group in Shenzhen, found that three elderly workers liked to complain about everything, from extended working hours to cheap hotels on business trips. “ I let them talk about their opinions, “ she said.” they feel better when they can tell someone how they want things to be.”
But listening actively is far from enough. Wang Dianxue, 27, is an Internet engineer at Beijing. Push Marcom Group. His co-workers always complain that their computer systems are not working properly. “I ask about the specifics and work together with them to fix everything technically,” he said.
HR mangers believe that when staffs complain, it is more a matter of recognition than an actual problem. “The real problem is that the whiners don’t feel they are being taken seriously,” said Xu Jun, HR manager at Guangqi Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. “When you attentively give them advice or ideas, the problem usually disappears.”

The Key:
There are several ways to deal with whiners at workplace. First, listen to the whiners actively, help them find a solution or see if there are ways to improve the situation. Second, ask about the specifics and work together with them to fix the problems. Third, make the whiners feel they are taken seriously.
题型分析：
这篇文章是讲如何处理抱怨者的说明类文章。作者首先总体说明了一下在工作场所有很多方法可以处理抱怨者。首先，积极倾听抱怨者，帮助他们找到解决方案，或者看看是否有办法改善现状。其次，询问具体的细节，并与他们一起解决问题。第三，让抱怨者觉得自己被严肃对待。



课后作业
一、 做翻译句子
二、
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
A dentist’s office may not be everyone’s idea of a perfect holiday destination. But a growing number of people are traveling abroad for medical treatment, (25) ____ (create) a fast-growing market that is still largely undeveloped by traditional tour operators.
The global medical tourism market is worth $40 billion to $60 billion and (26) ____ (grow) at about 20 percent per year, according to Helmut Wachowiak, an expert on tourism management.
Some countries such as Germany market themselves as a destination for medical tourism. According to the German National Tourist Board, about 77,000 foreign patients (27) ____ (treat) in the country in 2010, spending 930 million euros.
(28) ____ Hospital Operator Helios can do is to help organize visas, hotel and sight-seeing trips for patients coming to Germany for treatment, mostly from Russian-speaking countries and the Middle East. “Many patients specifically choose a city (29) ____ they can enjoy what the place has to offer alongside the treatment,” Helios manager Stefan Boeckle said.
Some people travel abroad for medical treatment because it’s much (30) ____ (cheap). A 42-year-old physical therapist from Berlin, for example, chose to go to a dentist in Budapest, (31) ____ (draw) by hundreds of euros in savings compared with the same treatment in Germany.
The relatively new trend is not likely to stop growing anytime soon. “I think booking numbers (32) ____ rise quickly in coming years,” said Claudia Staedele, a board member of German medical tourism company Dr. Holiday. “There is still incredible room to grow.”
(B)
Remember that doll you had as a kid --- the one whose eyes open when it is upright and close when it’s laid down? Or maybe you were the kid that went around popping limbs off Barbies and teddy bears.
Either way, it turns out that these broken toys need not worry, (33) ______ Sydney’s Original Doll Hospital exists. And this year, it celebrates 100 years of (34) ______ (fix) up dolls, teddy bears, rocking horses, umbrellas and more.
The doll hospital was founded by Harold Chapman Sr. (35) ______ part of his general store, thanks to a shipping error. His brother was in the business of importing celluloid (合成树脂) dolls from Japan but the rubber bands (36) ______ held them together would often break and the dolls would be destroyed. It was Mr. Chapman Sr. (37) ______ came up with a way to repair them. And then from such a small beginning grew quite a successful business as demand for doll repairs increased.
The business was taken over in (38) ______ 1930s by Harold’s son, Harold Chapman Jr. (39) ______ (expand) the business, Harold Chapman Jr. relocated the Doll Hospital and included repairs to other toys, leather goods, umbrellas, etc.
Now the hospital has been passed onto the third generation of the Chapman family, with Harold Jr.’s son, Geoff, now in charge. (40) ______ many modern children are more interested in the latest gadgets (小玩意) or computer games, the business is still going strong, with dolls sent from all over Australia and even across the sea from New Zealand for repair.

答案：
25. creating 26. is growing/grows 27. were treated 28. What 29. where
30. cheaper 31. drawn 32. may/might/can/could
33. because/since/as/for 34. fixing 35. as 36. that/which
37. that/who 38. the 39. To expand 40. Although/While/Though

Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences.
A. A film about the festival will be made.
B. As the mayor, he is deeply worried about the security of the district.
C. He supports the event because it stands for both aims.
D.The city will not only become more colorful, but it will be something more for tourists
E. The festival will contribute to the development of all the participants.
F. We will let foreign journalists complete some of the paintings.

We have come a long way from disliking graffiti to supporting colorful paintings in the streets. Cities such as Budapest are now appreciating urban art as a means to greyness. From 30 July to 31 August dozens of public walls will be painted during a whole festival dedicated to this open-air art.
The Szines Varos(Colorful City) Festival will have concerts, discussions and poetry slams on the program besides the painting, which will be recorded by Hungarian filmmakers.(67)_____ That is why the organizers, Peter Flor and Andras Megyeri, are being supported by the Huangarian Tourism Ltd.
Gergely Horvath, president of the tourism body, said, “The event supports our aim to call out more to the younger touristic public, so we are backing it. We are hoping that more people will come to stay overnight, also outside the city limits. And we are hoping the event will get more focus in the media. (68)_______”
Megyeri said the movement began by adopting the concept and name from a book by Hungarian-French artist Victor Vasarely with the same title in 1983. In it Vasarely demanded that artists bring out their art to the streets.
Sandor Finta, the Chief Architect of Budapest, added that we should not underestimate new dynamics such as paintings on fire walls. “Artists who make touristic attractions from simple grey fire walls are urban innovators,” he said. “Developing the city is our common cause, so we are happy to cooperate with them.”
District VII will be a central location of the festival. Mayor Zsolt Szikszai said politics must ensure that district is both attractive for tourists and good to live in for its residents. (69)_______
The curator of the festival, Noemi Nadudvari, said that abroad there is already a long tradition of painting large, empty walls. “Now finally a similar movement is starting here where we have good artists who have already participated at the Urban Art Festival in Munich or Berlin,” she said.”(70)_______” （选自学科高考网）

答案：
D F C E

题型分析：
空格67 可能被A项干扰，因为前句提到了有电影制片人参加活动，但关键在于后句提到这个活动得到了旅游局的支持，只可能因为和旅游业相关，由此推断答案；空格68需要理解media的含义，选择和“媒体”相关的内容；空格69展现了该城市市长对于活动的态度，前句提到他的关注目标有两个，与之相关的有B项和C项，根据“即将举行的活动得到了各方大力支持”这个中心思想可排除混淆项B；空格70是对于整个活动的总体评价，可推断答案。