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高中英语北师大版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 8 Green livingLesson 1 Roots and Shoots教课课件ppt
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这是一份高中英语北师大版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 8 Green livingLesson 1 Roots and Shoots教课课件ppt，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了Grammar等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Lk at the fllwing pictures and discuss what is happening in each picture. And what shuld we d?
Pre-reading: Discussin
1. Water is being wasted.2. Electricity is being wasted.3. The man drps a piece f litter.
What is being wasted?What happened?
Lk at the title f the passage — “ROOTS & SHOOTS”, and guess what the passage is abut.
Let’s watch a vide abut it
Read it fast and tell me the genre f the passage.
a narratin记叙文
an argumentatin议论文
an expsitin说明文
Draw the key wrd f each part.
Examples & harm
Just-me-ism
establishment; purpse; meaning f the name
Every individual matters.
Read and Explre
Read the first paragraph f the text. Discuss the questins.1. What is “Just-me-ism”? “Just-me-ism” is a way f thinking that fcuses n caring fr just neself and ignres the envirnment, animals and the cmmunity. 2. Why is “Just-me-ism” a prblem? There will be nbdy t care and lk after the envirnment.
3. D yu have any suggestins n hw t slve the prblem? A slutin wuld be t make them understand that even the smallest actin can change the wrld, s they shuld take actins whenever pssible fr the envirnment, animals and their cmmunity. Fr example, they shuld turn the tap ff when brushing their teeth, turn the light ff when they leave a rm and pick up even little pieces f litter they drpped n the rad.
Read the rest f the text. Cmplete the table r use yur wn graphic rganiser t illustrate what yu have fund abut Rts & Shts.
The early 1990s
Dr. Jane Gdall
T educate yung peple, frm pre-schl t university students, s they can help t build a future that is secure and live tgether in peace with nature. (line 17-18)
Rts mve slwly under the grund t make a firm fundatin, and shts seem small and weak, but they can break pen brick walls t reach the light. The rts and shts are yu, yur friends and yung peple all arund the wrld. Hundreds and thusands f rts and shts can slve the prblem, change the wrld and make it a better place t live in.(line 19-23)
Read the text again. Answer the questins.1. What cntributin des Rts & Shts make t sciety? It inspires yung peple t build a future that is secure and t live tgether in peace with nature.2. What makes Dr. Jane Gdall think Rts & Shts can help slve the prblem f “Just-me-ism”? It encurages individuals t play a part in making the wrld a better place instead f just thinking abut themselves.
3. What is yur explanatin fr the tw qutes frm Dr. Jane Gdall?
Her qutes mean that changing the rle is an individual act, because there are millins f peple wh can make a difference if they all act n their wn.
Prepare a presentatin t intrduce Rts & Shts with the fllwing infrmatin. Then give yur presentatin in class.When and why it was establishedThe meaning f its nameThe cntributin it makes t sciety
What techniques des the writer use t make his / her view lgical and cnvincing? Find at least ne example fr each technique.
The techniques the writer uses are qutatin, example, cllquial style, rhetrical questin and repetitin.
Ordinary language used by cmmn peple in everyday life which can cnvey the writer’s message mre clearly.
It desn’t matter. It’s just me. And, anyway, n ne knws. (line 9)Every individual matters. Every individual has a rle t play. Every individual makes a difference.(line 33)
… say yu leave the tap running while yu brush yur teeth, leave a light n when yu g ut r yu drp a piece f litter and can’t be bthered t pick it up.Line 1-3
Yu knw that all thse things are wrng, but s what? line4… in the wrld and I’m just me.
D yu think yu help t make the wrld a better place when yu make a sad persn smile, … when yu water a thirsty plant? Line24- 28D yu want t use yur life t make the wrld a better place fr…? D yu want t make Rts & Shts rted in …? D yu want t be a part…?
… Hw can it matter if I leave ne little tap running, ne little light burning, ne little piece f litter n the rad? Line5-7… Millins f gallns f water wuld be wasted, millins f lights wuld be left burning, millins f pieces f litter wuld be drpped. Line 9-11Every individual matters. Every individual has a rle t play. Every individual makes a difference. Line 32-33
Can yu suggest anther title fr the text?
Say N t Just-me-ismIt’s time t Make a DifferenceTurn the Light OffSave the Envirnment
The text uses many parallel structures with the same pattern f wrds and sentences. Underlined these structures. Discuss why the writer uses them.
They help shw that tw r mre ideas have the same imprtance. They als help with getting the writer’s r speaker’s message acrss mre clearly and persuasively.
Cmplete the summary with the crrect frm f the wrds and phrases belw.
Rts & Shts is a / an 1 ___________ established in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Gdall. It is called Rts & Shts because rts mve slwly under the grund making 2 ________________ and althugh shts seem small and weak, they can 3 ____________________.
a firm fundatin
break pen brick walls
The purpse f Rts & Shts is t educate yung peple wh suffer frm 4 ______________. Thse peple dn’t think their actins such as 5 ___________________ while brushing their teeth can have negative effects n the envirnment. In fact, these actins are very 6 _________.
just-me-ism
leave the tap running
Therefre, Rts & Shts hpes t 7_________ millins f yung peple in building a secure future s that we can 8 ____________ with nature. Dr. Jane Gdall believes every 9 ___________ matters. What we need t d is 10 __________ and act tgether t make the wrld a better place.
live in peace
Express Yurself
Imagine yu are a vlunteer f Rts & Shts. Use what yu have learnt t persuade ne f the fllwing peple.
I’m just a student. When I becme a pwerful persn I can d mre.
I’m ding what I can, but I dn’t knw hw t make my friends d the same.
I knw it’s imprtant, but I’m t busy and dn’t have time fr small things like these.
Prepare a presentatin t intrduce Rts & Shts in grups. It can als be a rle-play grup interview.Write dwn the dialgues frm “Express Yurself” and underline all the verb-ing and -ed frms.
Language Pints
1. nt be bthered t d sth 懒得做某事
Drp a piece f litter and can’t be bthered t pick it up. (教材P30)掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
花时间 / 精力做某事bther t d sth bther ding sth bther with / abut sth
Fcus n Language: Imprtant Phrases
2. take actin 采取行动
T inspire yung peple t take actin fr the envirnment, animals and their cmmunity, Rts & Shts was established. (教材P31)为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和社区，“根与芽”诞生了。
take steps / measures 采取措施 take a risk 冒（风）险take a chance 冒险 take yur chance 碰运气 take effect 生效；起作用take advantage f 利用……
The rganizatin is called Rts & Shts because rts mve slwly under the grund t make a firm fundatin, and shts seem small and weak, but they can break pen brick walls t reach the light. because引导原因状语从句；and, but引导并列句 Dr. Jane Gdall believes that the mst imprtant thing is that: “Every individual matters. Every individual has a rle t play. Every individual makes a difference.” 第一个that 引导宾语从句；第二个that 引导表语从句
Fcus n Language: Difficult Sentences
Mst peple suffer frm what is knwn as “Just-me-ism”.__________________________________________________________________
很多人都有所谓的“就我一个人”的问题。
句中what is knwn as “ Just-me-ism”为what引导的宾语从句。
... say yu leave the tap running while yu brush yur teeth... 例如，你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流……
[句式解读] 句中while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
1) “当……的时候”，表示时间，引导时间状语从句，从句谓语用延续性动词。She was cking while she was keeping an eye n her baby sleeping in the cradle.她一边做饭，一边照看睡在摇篮里的婴儿。
2) “只要”，表示条件，引导条件状语从句。While there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。3) “但是；可是”，表示对比，连接两个并列句。The by is gd at maths while his sister is gd at Chinese.那个男孩擅长数学而他妹妹擅长语文。4) “虽然；尽管”，表示转折，引导让步状语从句。While he lves his students, he is very strict with them.虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。
Hundreds and thusands f rts and shts can slve the prblems, change the wrld and make it a better place t live in. _______________________________________________________It is by acting tgether, in this exciting way, that we can invlve thusands — millins — f peple, and this is what is ging t change the wrld. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
成千上万的根与芽能够解决问题、改变世界、使其更加宜居。
正是通过这种令人激动的方式共同行动起来，我们可以让成百上千、甚至千百万人参与其中，这将改变世界。
5. What difference can it pssibly make? Every individual makes a difference. make a difference: t cause a change; t be imprtant in sme way 有作用；有关系；有影响 make all 很有/有一些/没有/……影响 e.g. A ht bath makes all the difference in the mrning. I dn’t think it makes any difference what clur it is. Whether we meet in the mrning r afternn makes n difference t me.
6. … she has been whle-heartedly cmmitted t envirnmental prtectin. cmmit v. t d sth wrng r illegal 犯(错误或罪行) t decide t use mney, time, peple etc fr a particular purpse 投入(钱、时间、人力等) t say that sb will definitely d sth r must d sth 使承担义务；作出保证 e.g. If yu cmmit a crime yu can never escape being punished. The gvernment can’t cmmit any mre mney t imprving the Natinal Health Service.
【拓展】cmmit neself (t sth. / t ding sth. / t d sth.)承担义务；做出承诺；说出肯定的意见e.g. I have cmmitted myself nw and can’t draw back. Nbdy cmmitted themselves t a clear answer. I have cmmitted myself t helping him. He has cmmitted himself t supprt his brther’s children.
7. It is by acting tgether, in this exciting way, that we can invlve thusands … f peple … invlve v. t include sb r sth in sth, r t make them take part in r feel part f it 参与；包含 be invlved in 被卷入；聚精会神于 e.g. As the secretary f the bss, what will yur jb invlve? Hw many peple were invlved in the accident? We want t invlve as many peple as pssible in the celebratins.
【语境应用】 汉译英。1) 多年来他专注于照顾他的妻子。2) 尽可能地让更多的孩子参与到游戏中来。
Over the years, he has been invlved in lking after his wife.Try t invlve as many children as pssible in the game.
Review the wrds and expressins yu have learned in this lessn.Preview the grammar.
Fcus n Grammar: 动词-ing和-ed形式
eg: A yung man writing nvels came t speak t us yesterday. 定语① The experiment was an amazing success.② Li Ming’s hbby is cllecting stamps.③ When I walked int the ffice, I saw a girl using my cmputer.④ He cmes hme late every evening, making his wife very angry.
画出下列句子中的 “动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式” 结构，并指出其所作的句子成分。
⑤ What’s the language spken in that area?⑥ We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.⑦ She fund her necklace gne n her way hme.
总结：动词-ing形式可以在句中作 _____________________________。动词-ed形式可以在句中作 _____________________________。
定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语
1．作定语N ne is allwed t speak alud in the reading rm.阅览室里不准大声说话。A little child learning (= wh is learning) t walk ften falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。There are many students waiting (= wh are waiting) t get examined.有许多学生在等待检查。
Fcus n Grammar: 动词-ing形式
2．作状语Hearing the nise, I turned arund.＝When I heard the nise, I turned arund.听到响声我转过身去。Being pr, he culdn’t affrd a TV set.＝Because he was pr, he culdn’t affrd a TV set.由于贫穷，他买不起电视机。
Wrking hard, yu’ll certainly succeed.＝If yu wrk hard, yu’ll certainly succeed.只要努力学习，你肯定会成功的。The fire lasted a whle night, causing great damage.大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。Mary sat by the windw f the classrm, reading a bk.＝Mary sat by the windw f the classrm and was reading a bk.玛丽坐在教室的窗边读书。
现在分词作状语时可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式和伴随状况；作方式状语和伴随状语时，可以变为并列分句；作其他状语时，可以变为相应的 _______ 从句。
3．作宾语补足语I saw a small girl standing in frnt f a fishbwl.我看到一个小女孩站在鱼缸前。I saw that thief getting n the train.我看见那个贼正在上火车。I saw the thief get n the train and disappear.我看见那个贼上了火车，消失不见了。I culdn’t d my hmewrk with the nise ging n.在持续的噪音下我无法完成作业。
现在分词在句子中可用作宾语补足语，句子中的宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是 _______ 关系。feel, find, hear, ntice, bserve, see, watch等感官动词，既可以跟现在分词也可以跟不带t的不定式作宾语补足语。现在分词作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作 ________ 进行；不带t的不定式作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作的完成。
4．作表语The result f the game was disappinting. 比赛结果令人失望。His life stry sunds very mving. 他的人生故事听起来很感人。What I am tired f is waiting here alne. 我厌烦独自在这里等。My hbby is cllecting stamps. 我的爱好就是集邮。
作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。现在分词作表语，往往具有 _______ 的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等；动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或 ______ 的动作，一般说明主语的内容。
1. China is a ____________ (develp) cuntry ____________ (belng) t the third wrld.2. Ladies and gentlemen, please g and wait in the _________ (meet) rm.3. That must have been a ____________ (terrify) experience.4. The girl wh was sitting next t me was my cusin.→ The girl ________________ was my cusin.
sitting next t me
单句语法填空 / 同义句转换
Fcus n Grammar: Exercise
5. ____________, the by culdn’t fcus n his study.因为很困，这个男孩不能把注意力集中在学习上。6. ___________________________, yu will master this language step by step. 每天都用英语说话，你会一步一步掌握这门语言。7. I stared at the dark sky _______________ where I wuld belng.凝望着漆黑的夜空，我心里思索着路在何方。8. He arrives at schl very late every day, _____________________________.他每天都很晚到达学校，这让他的老师很生气。
Being sleepy
Speaking in English every day
thinking abut
making his teacher very
9. ___________________, I saw him. 当我在街上走时，我看到他了。10. He saw her ____________________．他看见她正在花园里干活。11. I culd feel the wind ________ n my face.我能感觉到风吹着我的脸。12. He saw her ______________.他看见她走进屋子。13. With s many peple __________ her, she felt nervus.这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。
wrking in the garden
enter the rm
Walking in the street
14. What he said was _____________.他说的话鼓舞人心。15. Her letter was __________．她的信很感人。16. The news was ________.这消息令人兴奋。17. My jb is _________．我的工作是教书。
1．作定语The brken vase has been thrwn utside.那个碎了的花瓶已被扔到外面去了。 I brrwed a bk written (= that / which was written) by Mark Twain frm the library.我从图书馆里借了一本马克·吐温写的书。
Fcus n Grammar: 动词-ed形式
单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之 _____；过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面作 _______ 定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
2．作宾语补足语When I came in, I fund a strange girl seated in the crner.我进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。I want the letter psted. 我想把这封信寄出去。She fund her necklace gne n her way hme.在回家的路上，她发现项链不见了。
及物动词（短语）的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的 ______ 关系。少数不及物动词如 g, change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示 ____________。
3．作表语The dr remained lcked.门仍然锁着。Later they fund that they were lst.后来他们发现他们迷路了。We were amazed at the beauty f the lake.这个湖泊的美使我们大为惊奇。
过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态或所具备的特征，多位于 __________ 之后，这些系动词有be, remain, feel, seem, lk, becme等。有些过去分词作表语时，已经具备了 ______ 的性质。
4．作状语Caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet.因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。Grwn in rich sil，these seeds can grw fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。Asked abut the matter, she kept silent.当被问及那个问题时，她默不作声。
过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的 ______ 关系，即表被动。过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随状语时通常放在 _____；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首。
The ld man walked int the rm, supprted by his sn.这位老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。He walked slwly in the frest, fllwed by a dg.他在森林里慢慢地走着，后面跟着一条狗。
1. Did yu accept the invitatin ____________ (give) by the tur guide?2. Mst f the artists ____________ (invite) t the party were frm Suth Africa.3. The speaker answered all the questins ____________ (raise) by the audience.4. Yu shuld imprve yur ____________ (speak) English.
5. She was ____________ (surprise) t find the fridge empty.6. She lked ____________ (tire) with cking.7. They were ____________ (delight) t hear the delighting news.8. The bkstre is nw ____________(clse).
9. I saw an ld man ________________ by a car just nw.刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。10. I’ll ____________________ tmrrw.明天我要理发。11. I heard the sng ___________________．我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。12. Dn’t ___________________________．要把那些事情做完。
have my hair cut
sung in English
leave thse things undne
13. _________________________ he has made, he wrks harder.由于受到所取得的进步的鼓舞，他更努力工作了。14. _________________________, the city lks mre beautiful.从山顶看城市，城市显得更漂亮。15. __________________, I can als wrk ut this prblem.再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题。16. _________________, this article was nt s gd! 因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。17. He std there silently, ______________．他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。
Encuraged by the prgress
Seen frm the tp f the hill
Given anther hur
Written in a hurry
mved t tears
Lk at the fllwing pictures and discuss what is happening in each picture. And what shuld we d?
Pre-reading: Discussin
1. Water is being wasted.2. Electricity is being wasted.3. The man drps a piece f litter.
What is being wasted?What happened?
Lk at the title f the passage — “ROOTS & SHOOTS”, and guess what the passage is abut.
Let’s watch a vide abut it
Read it fast and tell me the genre f the passage.
a narratin记叙文
an argumentatin议论文
an expsitin说明文
Draw the key wrd f each part.
Examples & harm
Just-me-ism
establishment; purpse; meaning f the name
Every individual matters.
Read and Explre
Read the first paragraph f the text. Discuss the questins.1. What is “Just-me-ism”? “Just-me-ism” is a way f thinking that fcuses n caring fr just neself and ignres the envirnment, animals and the cmmunity. 2. Why is “Just-me-ism” a prblem? There will be nbdy t care and lk after the envirnment.
3. D yu have any suggestins n hw t slve the prblem? A slutin wuld be t make them understand that even the smallest actin can change the wrld, s they shuld take actins whenever pssible fr the envirnment, animals and their cmmunity. Fr example, they shuld turn the tap ff when brushing their teeth, turn the light ff when they leave a rm and pick up even little pieces f litter they drpped n the rad.
Read the rest f the text. Cmplete the table r use yur wn graphic rganiser t illustrate what yu have fund abut Rts & Shts.
The early 1990s
Dr. Jane Gdall
T educate yung peple, frm pre-schl t university students, s they can help t build a future that is secure and live tgether in peace with nature. (line 17-18)
Rts mve slwly under the grund t make a firm fundatin, and shts seem small and weak, but they can break pen brick walls t reach the light. The rts and shts are yu, yur friends and yung peple all arund the wrld. Hundreds and thusands f rts and shts can slve the prblem, change the wrld and make it a better place t live in.(line 19-23)
Read the text again. Answer the questins.1. What cntributin des Rts & Shts make t sciety? It inspires yung peple t build a future that is secure and t live tgether in peace with nature.2. What makes Dr. Jane Gdall think Rts & Shts can help slve the prblem f “Just-me-ism”? It encurages individuals t play a part in making the wrld a better place instead f just thinking abut themselves.
3. What is yur explanatin fr the tw qutes frm Dr. Jane Gdall?
Her qutes mean that changing the rle is an individual act, because there are millins f peple wh can make a difference if they all act n their wn.
Prepare a presentatin t intrduce Rts & Shts with the fllwing infrmatin. Then give yur presentatin in class.When and why it was establishedThe meaning f its nameThe cntributin it makes t sciety
What techniques des the writer use t make his / her view lgical and cnvincing? Find at least ne example fr each technique.
The techniques the writer uses are qutatin, example, cllquial style, rhetrical questin and repetitin.
Ordinary language used by cmmn peple in everyday life which can cnvey the writer’s message mre clearly.
It desn’t matter. It’s just me. And, anyway, n ne knws. (line 9)Every individual matters. Every individual has a rle t play. Every individual makes a difference.(line 33)
… say yu leave the tap running while yu brush yur teeth, leave a light n when yu g ut r yu drp a piece f litter and can’t be bthered t pick it up.Line 1-3
Yu knw that all thse things are wrng, but s what? line4… in the wrld and I’m just me.
D yu think yu help t make the wrld a better place when yu make a sad persn smile, … when yu water a thirsty plant? Line24- 28D yu want t use yur life t make the wrld a better place fr…? D yu want t make Rts & Shts rted in …? D yu want t be a part…?
… Hw can it matter if I leave ne little tap running, ne little light burning, ne little piece f litter n the rad? Line5-7… Millins f gallns f water wuld be wasted, millins f lights wuld be left burning, millins f pieces f litter wuld be drpped. Line 9-11Every individual matters. Every individual has a rle t play. Every individual makes a difference. Line 32-33
Can yu suggest anther title fr the text?
Say N t Just-me-ismIt’s time t Make a DifferenceTurn the Light OffSave the Envirnment
The text uses many parallel structures with the same pattern f wrds and sentences. Underlined these structures. Discuss why the writer uses them.
They help shw that tw r mre ideas have the same imprtance. They als help with getting the writer’s r speaker’s message acrss mre clearly and persuasively.
Cmplete the summary with the crrect frm f the wrds and phrases belw.
Rts & Shts is a / an 1 ___________ established in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Gdall. It is called Rts & Shts because rts mve slwly under the grund making 2 ________________ and althugh shts seem small and weak, they can 3 ____________________.
a firm fundatin
break pen brick walls
The purpse f Rts & Shts is t educate yung peple wh suffer frm 4 ______________. Thse peple dn’t think their actins such as 5 ___________________ while brushing their teeth can have negative effects n the envirnment. In fact, these actins are very 6 _________.
just-me-ism
leave the tap running
Therefre, Rts & Shts hpes t 7_________ millins f yung peple in building a secure future s that we can 8 ____________ with nature. Dr. Jane Gdall believes every 9 ___________ matters. What we need t d is 10 __________ and act tgether t make the wrld a better place.
live in peace
Express Yurself
Imagine yu are a vlunteer f Rts & Shts. Use what yu have learnt t persuade ne f the fllwing peple.
I’m just a student. When I becme a pwerful persn I can d mre.
I’m ding what I can, but I dn’t knw hw t make my friends d the same.
I knw it’s imprtant, but I’m t busy and dn’t have time fr small things like these.
Prepare a presentatin t intrduce Rts & Shts in grups. It can als be a rle-play grup interview.Write dwn the dialgues frm “Express Yurself” and underline all the verb-ing and -ed frms.
Language Pints
1. nt be bthered t d sth 懒得做某事
Drp a piece f litter and can’t be bthered t pick it up. (教材P30)掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
花时间 / 精力做某事bther t d sth bther ding sth bther with / abut sth
Fcus n Language: Imprtant Phrases
2. take actin 采取行动
T inspire yung peple t take actin fr the envirnment, animals and their cmmunity, Rts & Shts was established. (教材P31)为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和社区，“根与芽”诞生了。
take steps / measures 采取措施 take a risk 冒（风）险take a chance 冒险 take yur chance 碰运气 take effect 生效；起作用take advantage f 利用……
The rganizatin is called Rts & Shts because rts mve slwly under the grund t make a firm fundatin, and shts seem small and weak, but they can break pen brick walls t reach the light. because引导原因状语从句；and, but引导并列句 Dr. Jane Gdall believes that the mst imprtant thing is that: “Every individual matters. Every individual has a rle t play. Every individual makes a difference.” 第一个that 引导宾语从句；第二个that 引导表语从句
Fcus n Language: Difficult Sentences
Mst peple suffer frm what is knwn as “Just-me-ism”.__________________________________________________________________
很多人都有所谓的“就我一个人”的问题。
句中what is knwn as “ Just-me-ism”为what引导的宾语从句。
... say yu leave the tap running while yu brush yur teeth... 例如，你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流……
[句式解读] 句中while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
1) “当……的时候”，表示时间，引导时间状语从句，从句谓语用延续性动词。She was cking while she was keeping an eye n her baby sleeping in the cradle.她一边做饭，一边照看睡在摇篮里的婴儿。
2) “只要”，表示条件，引导条件状语从句。While there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。3) “但是；可是”，表示对比，连接两个并列句。The by is gd at maths while his sister is gd at Chinese.那个男孩擅长数学而他妹妹擅长语文。4) “虽然；尽管”，表示转折，引导让步状语从句。While he lves his students, he is very strict with them.虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。
Hundreds and thusands f rts and shts can slve the prblems, change the wrld and make it a better place t live in. _______________________________________________________It is by acting tgether, in this exciting way, that we can invlve thusands — millins — f peple, and this is what is ging t change the wrld. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
成千上万的根与芽能够解决问题、改变世界、使其更加宜居。
正是通过这种令人激动的方式共同行动起来，我们可以让成百上千、甚至千百万人参与其中，这将改变世界。
5. What difference can it pssibly make? Every individual makes a difference. make a difference: t cause a change; t be imprtant in sme way 有作用；有关系；有影响 make all 很有/有一些/没有/……影响 e.g. A ht bath makes all the difference in the mrning. I dn’t think it makes any difference what clur it is. Whether we meet in the mrning r afternn makes n difference t me.
6. … she has been whle-heartedly cmmitted t envirnmental prtectin. cmmit v. t d sth wrng r illegal 犯(错误或罪行) t decide t use mney, time, peple etc fr a particular purpse 投入(钱、时间、人力等) t say that sb will definitely d sth r must d sth 使承担义务；作出保证 e.g. If yu cmmit a crime yu can never escape being punished. The gvernment can’t cmmit any mre mney t imprving the Natinal Health Service.
【拓展】cmmit neself (t sth. / t ding sth. / t d sth.)承担义务；做出承诺；说出肯定的意见e.g. I have cmmitted myself nw and can’t draw back. Nbdy cmmitted themselves t a clear answer. I have cmmitted myself t helping him. He has cmmitted himself t supprt his brther’s children.
7. It is by acting tgether, in this exciting way, that we can invlve thusands … f peple … invlve v. t include sb r sth in sth, r t make them take part in r feel part f it 参与；包含 be invlved in 被卷入；聚精会神于 e.g. As the secretary f the bss, what will yur jb invlve? Hw many peple were invlved in the accident? We want t invlve as many peple as pssible in the celebratins.
【语境应用】 汉译英。1) 多年来他专注于照顾他的妻子。2) 尽可能地让更多的孩子参与到游戏中来。
Over the years, he has been invlved in lking after his wife.Try t invlve as many children as pssible in the game.
Review the wrds and expressins yu have learned in this lessn.Preview the grammar.
Fcus n Grammar: 动词-ing和-ed形式
eg: A yung man writing nvels came t speak t us yesterday. 定语① The experiment was an amazing success.② Li Ming’s hbby is cllecting stamps.③ When I walked int the ffice, I saw a girl using my cmputer.④ He cmes hme late every evening, making his wife very angry.
画出下列句子中的 “动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式” 结构，并指出其所作的句子成分。
⑤ What’s the language spken in that area?⑥ We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.⑦ She fund her necklace gne n her way hme.
总结：动词-ing形式可以在句中作 _____________________________。动词-ed形式可以在句中作 _____________________________。
定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语
1．作定语N ne is allwed t speak alud in the reading rm.阅览室里不准大声说话。A little child learning (= wh is learning) t walk ften falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。There are many students waiting (= wh are waiting) t get examined.有许多学生在等待检查。
Fcus n Grammar: 动词-ing形式
2．作状语Hearing the nise, I turned arund.＝When I heard the nise, I turned arund.听到响声我转过身去。Being pr, he culdn’t affrd a TV set.＝Because he was pr, he culdn’t affrd a TV set.由于贫穷，他买不起电视机。
Wrking hard, yu’ll certainly succeed.＝If yu wrk hard, yu’ll certainly succeed.只要努力学习，你肯定会成功的。The fire lasted a whle night, causing great damage.大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。Mary sat by the windw f the classrm, reading a bk.＝Mary sat by the windw f the classrm and was reading a bk.玛丽坐在教室的窗边读书。
现在分词作状语时可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式和伴随状况；作方式状语和伴随状语时，可以变为并列分句；作其他状语时，可以变为相应的 _______ 从句。
3．作宾语补足语I saw a small girl standing in frnt f a fishbwl.我看到一个小女孩站在鱼缸前。I saw that thief getting n the train.我看见那个贼正在上火车。I saw the thief get n the train and disappear.我看见那个贼上了火车，消失不见了。I culdn’t d my hmewrk with the nise ging n.在持续的噪音下我无法完成作业。
现在分词在句子中可用作宾语补足语，句子中的宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是 _______ 关系。feel, find, hear, ntice, bserve, see, watch等感官动词，既可以跟现在分词也可以跟不带t的不定式作宾语补足语。现在分词作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作 ________ 进行；不带t的不定式作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作的完成。
4．作表语The result f the game was disappinting. 比赛结果令人失望。His life stry sunds very mving. 他的人生故事听起来很感人。What I am tired f is waiting here alne. 我厌烦独自在这里等。My hbby is cllecting stamps. 我的爱好就是集邮。
作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。现在分词作表语，往往具有 _______ 的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等；动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或 ______ 的动作，一般说明主语的内容。
1. China is a ____________ (develp) cuntry ____________ (belng) t the third wrld.2. Ladies and gentlemen, please g and wait in the _________ (meet) rm.3. That must have been a ____________ (terrify) experience.4. The girl wh was sitting next t me was my cusin.→ The girl ________________ was my cusin.
sitting next t me
单句语法填空 / 同义句转换
Fcus n Grammar: Exercise
5. ____________, the by culdn’t fcus n his study.因为很困，这个男孩不能把注意力集中在学习上。6. ___________________________, yu will master this language step by step. 每天都用英语说话，你会一步一步掌握这门语言。7. I stared at the dark sky _______________ where I wuld belng.凝望着漆黑的夜空，我心里思索着路在何方。8. He arrives at schl very late every day, _____________________________.他每天都很晚到达学校，这让他的老师很生气。
Being sleepy
Speaking in English every day
thinking abut
making his teacher very
9. ___________________, I saw him. 当我在街上走时，我看到他了。10. He saw her ____________________．他看见她正在花园里干活。11. I culd feel the wind ________ n my face.我能感觉到风吹着我的脸。12. He saw her ______________.他看见她走进屋子。13. With s many peple __________ her, she felt nervus.这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。
wrking in the garden
enter the rm
Walking in the street
14. What he said was _____________.他说的话鼓舞人心。15. Her letter was __________．她的信很感人。16. The news was ________.这消息令人兴奋。17. My jb is _________．我的工作是教书。
1．作定语The brken vase has been thrwn utside.那个碎了的花瓶已被扔到外面去了。 I brrwed a bk written (= that / which was written) by Mark Twain frm the library.我从图书馆里借了一本马克·吐温写的书。
Fcus n Grammar: 动词-ed形式
单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之 _____；过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面作 _______ 定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
2．作宾语补足语When I came in, I fund a strange girl seated in the crner.我进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。I want the letter psted. 我想把这封信寄出去。She fund her necklace gne n her way hme.在回家的路上，她发现项链不见了。
及物动词（短语）的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的 ______ 关系。少数不及物动词如 g, change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示 ____________。
3．作表语The dr remained lcked.门仍然锁着。Later they fund that they were lst.后来他们发现他们迷路了。We were amazed at the beauty f the lake.这个湖泊的美使我们大为惊奇。
过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态或所具备的特征，多位于 __________ 之后，这些系动词有be, remain, feel, seem, lk, becme等。有些过去分词作表语时，已经具备了 ______ 的性质。
4．作状语Caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet.因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。Grwn in rich sil，these seeds can grw fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。Asked abut the matter, she kept silent.当被问及那个问题时，她默不作声。
过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的 ______ 关系，即表被动。过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随状语时通常放在 _____；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首。
The ld man walked int the rm, supprted by his sn.这位老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。He walked slwly in the frest, fllwed by a dg.他在森林里慢慢地走着，后面跟着一条狗。
1. Did yu accept the invitatin ____________ (give) by the tur guide?2. Mst f the artists ____________ (invite) t the party were frm Suth Africa.3. The speaker answered all the questins ____________ (raise) by the audience.4. Yu shuld imprve yur ____________ (speak) English.
5. She was ____________ (surprise) t find the fridge empty.6. She lked ____________ (tire) with cking.7. They were ____________ (delight) t hear the delighting news.8. The bkstre is nw ____________(clse).
9. I saw an ld man ________________ by a car just nw.刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。10. I’ll ____________________ tmrrw.明天我要理发。11. I heard the sng ___________________．我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。12. Dn’t ___________________________．要把那些事情做完。
have my hair cut
sung in English
leave thse things undne
13. _________________________ he has made, he wrks harder.由于受到所取得的进步的鼓舞，他更努力工作了。14. _________________________, the city lks mre beautiful.从山顶看城市，城市显得更漂亮。15. __________________, I can als wrk ut this prblem.再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题。16. _________________, this article was nt s gd! 因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。17. He std there silently, ______________．他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。
Encuraged by the prgress
Seen frm the tp f the hill
Given anther hur
Written in a hurry
mved t tears
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