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人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 2 Iconic Attractions学案及答案
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这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 2 Iconic Attractions学案及答案，共13页。
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．________ adj. 暂时的；短暂的
2．________ n. 阶段；时期
3．________ n. 树干
4．________ n. 一场；一段时间；会议
5．________ n. 巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点
6．________ vi. 孵出；破壳
vt. 使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋
7．________ n. 能力；容量
8．________ n. 栅栏；围栏
9．________ n. 监狱；监禁
10．________ adj. 大；宏大的
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ n．分布；分配；分发→________ vt.分配；分发
2．________ adj.得到正式许可的→________ vt. 批准；许可 n．(＝licence)许可证；执照
3．________ n．发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率→________ adj.频繁的；经常发生的
4．________ adj.暴力的；猛烈的→________ n．暴力；暴行
5．________ n．生理；生物学→________ n．生物学家→________ adj.生物学的
Ⅲ.阅读词汇
1．bungee jumping n. ________________
2．puch n. ________________
3．gethermal park n. ________________
4．mammal n. ________________
Ⅳ.重点短语
1．a flck ________ 一群(羊或鸟)
2．a handful ________ 少数人(或物)；一把(的量)
3．as well ________ 和……一样好；既……又……；除……之外(也)，还有
4．pick ________ 拿起；提起；拾起
5．cme ________ 偶然发现；偶然遇见
6．make ________ 确保
Ⅴ.重点句型
1．它们在这个暂时的安全港湾里睡觉和喝奶，直到长到七八个月大。
They sleep and drink milk in that temprary, prtected envirnment ________ they are abut seven r eight mnths ld.
2．虽然它可能像鸟一样在巢里下蛋，但它确实是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有独特的生物学特征。
________ it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird, it's really a primitive mammal, with a unique bilgy.
根据课文(P19～P21)内容判断正误(T/F)
1．The duckbilled platypus is a bird.( )
2．Baby kangars weigh nly tw grammes at birth.( )
3．Peple can tuch kalas in many places in Australia.( )
4．Kangar is a tugh animal that has t survive in a difficult envirnment.( )
►第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1.distributin n．分布；分配；分发
(1)distribute vt. 分发；分配
向……分发……
在……之间分配……
(2)distributr n. 经销商；分销商
联想拓展：
distribute vt.→distributin n.
cntribute vt. & vi.捐助，捐献→cntributin n．
❶The Ministry f Human Resurces and Scial Security started t distribute the thirdgeneratin scial security cards n Friday.
人力资源和社会保障部于周五开始发放第三代社会保障卡。
❷Insurance agencies will then distribute dnatins t thse in need.
保险机构随后将向有需要的人分发捐款。
❸The central gvernment has been making effrts t mre fairly distribute educatin resurces amng different prvinces and regins.
中央政府一直在努力使不同省份和地区之间的教育资源分配更加公平。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①On the first day f the new term, ur teachers will distribute textbks ________ the students.
②The rganisatin ________ (distribute) fd and blankets ________ the peple wh survived the earthquake.
③The ________ (distribute) f passprts has been a slw prcess.
④This cmpany is ne f Spain's largest ________ (distribute) f petrleum prducts.
2.express vt.表达；表示 n．邮件快递；特快列车
(1)express sth. t sb. 向某人表达(情感、看法等)
express neself 表达自己的想法
by express 通过快递寄送
(2)expressin n. [C]词语；措辞
n. [C]表情；神色
n. [C]表示；表达；表露
facial expressins 面部表情
withut expressin 面无表情
beynd expressin 难以用语言表达
wear a(n)． 脸上露出……的神色
❶The guests expressed their thanks t the hst befre leaving.
客人们临走前向主人表达了谢意。
❷He is still unable t express himself in English.他仍然不能用英语表达自己的想法。
❸Her writing is full f ldfashined expressins.她的文章中满是过时的词汇。
❹There was a wrried expressin n her face.她脸上流露出担忧的神色。
❺“I dn't understand，” he said, with an expressin f cmplete surprise (n his face)．
“我不明白，”他说，(脸上)露出十分惊讶的神色。
❻The pet's anger finds expressin in the last line f the pem.
诗人的愤怒在诗的最后一行表露了出来。
❼The scenery was s beautiful that it was beynd expressin.
景色美到无法形容。
语境助记：
Wrds can't express hw excited I was when I received his parcel by express.当我收到他用快递寄的包裹的时候，激动的心情难以言表。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The ________ (express) n his face tld us that he was quite disappinted.
②—Oh, yu sunded just like a native.
—Well, nt quite, I still have truble ________ (express) myself.
③He and Mr. Jhnsn cme frm the ther side f the Earth, s ur jy tnight is beynd ________ (express)．
④Yu can learn interesting wrds and ________ (express) by reading pems.
⑤Can I deliver the file ________ express?
⑥Did anyne cme up t supprt her after she had expressed ________ (she) n the subject?
3.apprach vt. & vi.靠近，接近 n．方法(同means)；接近；通路；路径(同path, rad)；接洽；建议
an apprach t ding sth./smeplace
做某事的方法/途径；通往某处的路
❶Winter is appraching.冬天就要来临。
❷As yu apprach the twn, yu'll see the cllege n the left.
快到市镇时，你就可以看见左边的学院。
❸Let's take a new apprach t (dealing with) the prblem.
让我们用一个新方法来处理这个问题。
❹The path serves as an apprach t the bathuse.
这条小路通往船库。
联想拓展：“临近”的其他表达
(just) arund/rund the crner(时间上)临近；马上，快要；(距离上)紧邻，就在附近
Her huse is just arund the crner.她的房子就在附近。
There are gd times arund the crner (＝cming sn)．好时光很快就会来临。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The jb market has changed and ur apprach t ________ (find) wrk must change as well.
②With the time fr graduatin ________ (apprach) we are busy with ur papers.
4.pick up拾起，拿起，捡起；(开车)接人；(偶然或无意间)学会；重新开始；继续；好转，恢复健康
❶He drew n his glves, picked up his umbrella and went ut.
他戴上他的手套，拿起他的雨伞，出去了。
❷I'll pick yu up at the gate tmrrw mrning.
我明天早晨在门口开车接你。
❸I picked up sme Spanish when I was living in Mexic.
我住在墨西哥时，偶然学会一些西班牙语。
❹They wn't let him ut f hspital until his health has picked up quite a lt.
直到他的健康有很大好转，他们才会让他出院。
❺We were able t pick up the BBC Wrld Service.
我们能收到英国广播公司国际广播节目。
语境助记：
The driver wanted t pick up the man picking up an English prgramme nw but he picked up the bk n the flr and went hme n ft.现在，这位司机想让那个正在收听英语节目的人上车，但是那个人拾起地上的一本书，步行回家了。
[即学即练] 写出下列句子中的pick up的汉语意思/完成句子
①I've gt t pick up my daughter frm schl at fur 'clck.________________
②Here's a tip I picked up frm my mther.________________
③We managed t pick up a few bargains at the auctin.________________
④Will yu pick up all yur tys？________________
⑤Industrial prductin is beginning t pick up.________________
⑥今年销售额增长了14%。
Sales ________________ 14% this year.
5.frequency n．发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率
(1)frequent adj. 经常发生的，频繁的
a frequent visitr 常客；熟客
(2)frequently adv. 经常地；频繁地
❶Accidents have decreased in frequency ver recent years.
近年来事故发生的频率已经下降。
❷Her calls became less frequent.她打电话的次数减少了。
❸There are frequent cntacts between the peple f the tw cuntries.
两国人民之间交往频繁。
❹She asked fr sick leave frequently during pregnancy.
怀孕期间她频繁地请病假。
特别提示：
表示频率从低到高的词分别是：never (从不)→seldm/rarely (几乎不)→ccasinally (偶尔)→smetimes (有时候)→ften/frequently (常常)→usually (通常)→always (总是)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Only thse peple wh use a kitchen ________ (frequent) understand the best way t lay it ut.
②The tanks brke dwn with increasing ________ (frequent)．
③妈妈时不时的鼓励让我下定决心勇敢地面对挑战。
Mum's ________________ made me determined t face the challenges bravely.
►第二版块|重点句型解构
1．(教材P20)They sleep and drink milk in that temprary, prtected envirnment until they are abut seven r eight mnths ld.它们在这个暂时的安全港湾里睡觉和喝奶，直到长到七八个月大。
[句式分析] 本句中until引导时间状语从句
①until作连词引导时间状语从句，当主句是肯定句时，其谓语动词通常是延续性动词，如stand, stay, talk, wait, last等，until从句表示主句动作终止的时间，until一般可译为“直到……时(为止)”。until作介词后跟名词(短语)构成时间状语，用在肯定句中时，用法与之相同。
❶I waited until he came back.我一直等到他回来。
❷T prepare fr the midterm exam，I went ver the lessns until I culdn't keep my eyes pen last night.为了准备期中考试，我昨晚复习功课复习到睁不开眼睛。
❸The rain lasted until yesterday.这场雨一直持续到昨天。
②until作连词引导时间状语从句，当主句是否定句时，其谓语动词通常是非延续性动词，如pen, start, leave, arrive, finish, stp等，until从句强调主句动作开始的时间，一般可译为“直到……才……”或“直到……之前(还不……)”。until作介词后接名词(短语)构成时间状语，用在否定句中时，用法与之相同。
❹I didn't leave the by until his mther shwed up.直到这个男孩的母亲出现，我才离开。
❺Dn't get ff the bus until it has stpped.公共汽车停稳后再下车。
❻I didn't manage t d it until yu had explained the steps.
直到你解释这些步骤后，我才会做。
③当Nt until位于句首时，主句/句子要倒装。其结构为：Nt until＋从句/时间名词(短语)＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋(主句)主语＋谓语＋其他成分。
❼Nt until the teacher came in did the students stp talking.
直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。
❽Nt until next mnth will the sprts meet be held.运动会要下个月才开。
特别提示：
till与until
在肯定句中指某个延续性动作或某种状态“持续到……时间为止，既可用till，也可用until”。
如①He kept studying English till/until the age f 35.
他学英语直到35岁(才结束)。
②但在nt ... until句型中，习惯上只用until而不用till。
He didn't stp studying English until the age f 35.
直到35岁他才停止学英语。
[即学即练] 用补全下列句子(可加入必要的助动词)/用倒装结构改写句子
①Will the fish keep fresh ________ tmrrw?
②She ________ g t bed ________ 11：00 pm last night.
③Yu can wait here ________ help cmes.
④I ________ ntice it ________ he tld me.
⑤I had nt realised he was my teacher until he tk ff his sunglasses.
________________________________________________________________________
2．(教材P21)While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird, it's really a primitive mammal, with a unique bilgy.虽然它可能像鸟一样在巢里下蛋，但它确实是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有独特的生物学特征。
[句式分析] 本句中while用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然……但是……”，多放于句首。
while作连词时的主要用法：
(1)“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句
(2)“但是；可是”，表示对比
(3)“虽然；尽管”，表示转折
❶While Mary was writing a letter, the children were playing utside.
玛丽写信时，孩子们在外面玩耍。
❷While they were just children, they made cntributins t the envirnmental prtectin.
尽管只是些小孩，但他们为环境保护作出了贡献。
❸Sme peple live in plenty, while thers haven't enugh t eat.
一些人过着丰衣足食的生活，而另一些人却吃不饱。
知识拓展：
while与when及as之间的区别
1．当从句中的谓语动词是持续性的动作时，我们可以用while, when或as。
2．当从句中的谓语动词表示瞬间动作时，不可用while。
3．当如果谈论两个长动作，最常用的是while。
4．如果表示两个短动作或事情同时发生，最常用的是as，也可用when。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①她虽然是个可爱的女孩，但有时却极难与其共事。
________________________， she can be extremely difficult t wrk with.
②我在做饭时，孩子们都在做作业。
________________________， the children were ding their hmewrk.
③他喜欢打篮球，而我喜欢听音乐。
He likes playing basketball, ________________________.
6．The prblems d nt end if crcdiles successfully ________ (孵化) frm the eggs.
7．T ________ (批准) a persn r activity means t give fficial permissin fr the persn t d smething r fr the activity t take place.
8．In general, female ________ (哺乳动物) give birth t babies rather than laying eggs, and feed their yung with milk.
9．A ________ (栅栏) is a barrier between tw areas f land, made f wd r wire.
10．If yu describe a building r a piece f scenery as ________ (宏伟的), yu mean that its size r appearance is very impressive.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The yung disappeared sn after they ________ (hatch)．
2．She is sensitive ________ what peple think f her.
3．It's clever f yu ________ (answer) the questin crrectly.
4．That singer's discs were distributed ________ the fans present.
5．The water supply has been cut ff ________ (temprary) because the wrkers are repairing ne f the main pipes.
6．It des serius harm t children's character that t much ________ (vilent) is shwn n televisin.
7．The pine trees have been planted in a very wide ________ (distribute)．
8．The ________ (prisn) brke away frm the tw plicemen wh were hlding him.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．她从袋子里掏出一把米让我看。
She brught ________________________ ut f the bag and shwed it t me.
2．公共汽车在机场外接乘客。
The bus ________________________ passengers utside the airprt.
3．他是昨天碰见李鸣的吗？
Was it yesterday that he ________________________ Li Ming?
4．食物和衣服已经分发给了穷人。
Fd and clthes ________________________.
5．一听到这则消息，玛丽突然大笑起来，而露西则突然大哭起来。
On hearing the news, Mary burst int laughter ________________________.
Sectin Ⅲ Using Language & Assessing Yur Prgress新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．temprary 2.phase 3.trunk 4.sessin 5.nest 6.hatch 7.capacity 8.fence 9.prisn 10.grand
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．distributin distribute 2.licensed license 3.frequency frequent 4.vilent vilence 5.bilgy bilgist bilgical
Ⅲ.阅读词汇
1．蹦极跳 2. 3.地热公园 4.哺乳动物
Ⅳ.重点短语
1．f 2.f 3.as 4.up 5.acrss 6.sure
Ⅴ.重点句型
1．until 2.While
文本研析·语篇理解
1．F 2.T 3.F 4.T
核心突破·互动探究
►第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1．①t/amng ②distributed t/amng ③distributin ④distributrs
2．①expressin ②expressing ③expressin ④expressins ⑤by ⑥herself
3．①finding ②appraching
4．①(开车)接人 ②学会 ③(便宜地)买到 ④拾起 ⑤好转 ⑥have picked up
5．①frequently ②frequently ③frequent encuragement
►第二版块|重点句型解构
1．①until/till ②didn't until/till ③until/till ④didn't until/till ⑤Nt until he tk ff his sunglasses had I realised he was my teacher.
2．①While she is a lvely girl ②While I was cking ③while I like listening t music
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．distributin 2.temprary 3.frequency 4.Bilgy 5.capacity 6.hatch 7.license 8.mammals 9.fence 10.grand
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．were hatched 2.t 3.t answer 4.t/amng 5.temprarily 6.vilence 7.distributin 8.prisner
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．a handful f rice 2.picks up 3.came acrss 4.have been distributed amng/t the pr 5.while Lucy burst ut crying
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．________ adj. 暂时的；短暂的
2．________ n. 阶段；时期
3．________ n. 树干
4．________ n. 一场；一段时间；会议
5．________ n. 巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点
6．________ vi. 孵出；破壳
vt. 使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋
7．________ n. 能力；容量
8．________ n. 栅栏；围栏
9．________ n. 监狱；监禁
10．________ adj. 大；宏大的
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ n．分布；分配；分发→________ vt.分配；分发
2．________ adj.得到正式许可的→________ vt. 批准；许可 n．(＝licence)许可证；执照
3．________ n．发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率→________ adj.频繁的；经常发生的
4．________ adj.暴力的；猛烈的→________ n．暴力；暴行
5．________ n．生理；生物学→________ n．生物学家→________ adj.生物学的
Ⅲ.阅读词汇
1．bungee jumping n. ________________
2．puch n. ________________
3．gethermal park n. ________________
4．mammal n. ________________
Ⅳ.重点短语
1．a flck ________ 一群(羊或鸟)
2．a handful ________ 少数人(或物)；一把(的量)
3．as well ________ 和……一样好；既……又……；除……之外(也)，还有
4．pick ________ 拿起；提起；拾起
5．cme ________ 偶然发现；偶然遇见
6．make ________ 确保
Ⅴ.重点句型
1．它们在这个暂时的安全港湾里睡觉和喝奶，直到长到七八个月大。
They sleep and drink milk in that temprary, prtected envirnment ________ they are abut seven r eight mnths ld.
2．虽然它可能像鸟一样在巢里下蛋，但它确实是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有独特的生物学特征。
________ it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird, it's really a primitive mammal, with a unique bilgy.
根据课文(P19～P21)内容判断正误(T/F)
1．The duckbilled platypus is a bird.( )
2．Baby kangars weigh nly tw grammes at birth.( )
3．Peple can tuch kalas in many places in Australia.( )
4．Kangar is a tugh animal that has t survive in a difficult envirnment.( )
►第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1.distributin n．分布；分配；分发
(1)distribute vt. 分发；分配
向……分发……
在……之间分配……
(2)distributr n. 经销商；分销商
联想拓展：
distribute vt.→distributin n.
cntribute vt. & vi.捐助，捐献→cntributin n．
❶The Ministry f Human Resurces and Scial Security started t distribute the thirdgeneratin scial security cards n Friday.
人力资源和社会保障部于周五开始发放第三代社会保障卡。
❷Insurance agencies will then distribute dnatins t thse in need.
保险机构随后将向有需要的人分发捐款。
❸The central gvernment has been making effrts t mre fairly distribute educatin resurces amng different prvinces and regins.
中央政府一直在努力使不同省份和地区之间的教育资源分配更加公平。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①On the first day f the new term, ur teachers will distribute textbks ________ the students.
②The rganisatin ________ (distribute) fd and blankets ________ the peple wh survived the earthquake.
③The ________ (distribute) f passprts has been a slw prcess.
④This cmpany is ne f Spain's largest ________ (distribute) f petrleum prducts.
2.express vt.表达；表示 n．邮件快递；特快列车
(1)express sth. t sb. 向某人表达(情感、看法等)
express neself 表达自己的想法
by express 通过快递寄送
(2)expressin n. [C]词语；措辞
n. [C]表情；神色
n. [C]表示；表达；表露
facial expressins 面部表情
withut expressin 面无表情
beynd expressin 难以用语言表达
wear a(n)． 脸上露出……的神色
❶The guests expressed their thanks t the hst befre leaving.
客人们临走前向主人表达了谢意。
❷He is still unable t express himself in English.他仍然不能用英语表达自己的想法。
❸Her writing is full f ldfashined expressins.她的文章中满是过时的词汇。
❹There was a wrried expressin n her face.她脸上流露出担忧的神色。
❺“I dn't understand，” he said, with an expressin f cmplete surprise (n his face)．
“我不明白，”他说，(脸上)露出十分惊讶的神色。
❻The pet's anger finds expressin in the last line f the pem.
诗人的愤怒在诗的最后一行表露了出来。
❼The scenery was s beautiful that it was beynd expressin.
景色美到无法形容。
语境助记：
Wrds can't express hw excited I was when I received his parcel by express.当我收到他用快递寄的包裹的时候，激动的心情难以言表。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The ________ (express) n his face tld us that he was quite disappinted.
②—Oh, yu sunded just like a native.
—Well, nt quite, I still have truble ________ (express) myself.
③He and Mr. Jhnsn cme frm the ther side f the Earth, s ur jy tnight is beynd ________ (express)．
④Yu can learn interesting wrds and ________ (express) by reading pems.
⑤Can I deliver the file ________ express?
⑥Did anyne cme up t supprt her after she had expressed ________ (she) n the subject?
3.apprach vt. & vi.靠近，接近 n．方法(同means)；接近；通路；路径(同path, rad)；接洽；建议
an apprach t ding sth./smeplace
做某事的方法/途径；通往某处的路
❶Winter is appraching.冬天就要来临。
❷As yu apprach the twn, yu'll see the cllege n the left.
快到市镇时，你就可以看见左边的学院。
❸Let's take a new apprach t (dealing with) the prblem.
让我们用一个新方法来处理这个问题。
❹The path serves as an apprach t the bathuse.
这条小路通往船库。
联想拓展：“临近”的其他表达
(just) arund/rund the crner(时间上)临近；马上，快要；(距离上)紧邻，就在附近
Her huse is just arund the crner.她的房子就在附近。
There are gd times arund the crner (＝cming sn)．好时光很快就会来临。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The jb market has changed and ur apprach t ________ (find) wrk must change as well.
②With the time fr graduatin ________ (apprach) we are busy with ur papers.
4.pick up拾起，拿起，捡起；(开车)接人；(偶然或无意间)学会；重新开始；继续；好转，恢复健康
❶He drew n his glves, picked up his umbrella and went ut.
他戴上他的手套，拿起他的雨伞，出去了。
❷I'll pick yu up at the gate tmrrw mrning.
我明天早晨在门口开车接你。
❸I picked up sme Spanish when I was living in Mexic.
我住在墨西哥时，偶然学会一些西班牙语。
❹They wn't let him ut f hspital until his health has picked up quite a lt.
直到他的健康有很大好转，他们才会让他出院。
❺We were able t pick up the BBC Wrld Service.
我们能收到英国广播公司国际广播节目。
语境助记：
The driver wanted t pick up the man picking up an English prgramme nw but he picked up the bk n the flr and went hme n ft.现在，这位司机想让那个正在收听英语节目的人上车，但是那个人拾起地上的一本书，步行回家了。
[即学即练] 写出下列句子中的pick up的汉语意思/完成句子
①I've gt t pick up my daughter frm schl at fur 'clck.________________
②Here's a tip I picked up frm my mther.________________
③We managed t pick up a few bargains at the auctin.________________
④Will yu pick up all yur tys？________________
⑤Industrial prductin is beginning t pick up.________________
⑥今年销售额增长了14%。
Sales ________________ 14% this year.
5.frequency n．发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率
(1)frequent adj. 经常发生的，频繁的
a frequent visitr 常客；熟客
(2)frequently adv. 经常地；频繁地
❶Accidents have decreased in frequency ver recent years.
近年来事故发生的频率已经下降。
❷Her calls became less frequent.她打电话的次数减少了。
❸There are frequent cntacts between the peple f the tw cuntries.
两国人民之间交往频繁。
❹She asked fr sick leave frequently during pregnancy.
怀孕期间她频繁地请病假。
特别提示：
表示频率从低到高的词分别是：never (从不)→seldm/rarely (几乎不)→ccasinally (偶尔)→smetimes (有时候)→ften/frequently (常常)→usually (通常)→always (总是)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Only thse peple wh use a kitchen ________ (frequent) understand the best way t lay it ut.
②The tanks brke dwn with increasing ________ (frequent)．
③妈妈时不时的鼓励让我下定决心勇敢地面对挑战。
Mum's ________________ made me determined t face the challenges bravely.
►第二版块|重点句型解构
1．(教材P20)They sleep and drink milk in that temprary, prtected envirnment until they are abut seven r eight mnths ld.它们在这个暂时的安全港湾里睡觉和喝奶，直到长到七八个月大。
[句式分析] 本句中until引导时间状语从句
①until作连词引导时间状语从句，当主句是肯定句时，其谓语动词通常是延续性动词，如stand, stay, talk, wait, last等，until从句表示主句动作终止的时间，until一般可译为“直到……时(为止)”。until作介词后跟名词(短语)构成时间状语，用在肯定句中时，用法与之相同。
❶I waited until he came back.我一直等到他回来。
❷T prepare fr the midterm exam，I went ver the lessns until I culdn't keep my eyes pen last night.为了准备期中考试，我昨晚复习功课复习到睁不开眼睛。
❸The rain lasted until yesterday.这场雨一直持续到昨天。
②until作连词引导时间状语从句，当主句是否定句时，其谓语动词通常是非延续性动词，如pen, start, leave, arrive, finish, stp等，until从句强调主句动作开始的时间，一般可译为“直到……才……”或“直到……之前(还不……)”。until作介词后接名词(短语)构成时间状语，用在否定句中时，用法与之相同。
❹I didn't leave the by until his mther shwed up.直到这个男孩的母亲出现，我才离开。
❺Dn't get ff the bus until it has stpped.公共汽车停稳后再下车。
❻I didn't manage t d it until yu had explained the steps.
直到你解释这些步骤后，我才会做。
③当Nt until位于句首时，主句/句子要倒装。其结构为：Nt until＋从句/时间名词(短语)＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋(主句)主语＋谓语＋其他成分。
❼Nt until the teacher came in did the students stp talking.
直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。
❽Nt until next mnth will the sprts meet be held.运动会要下个月才开。
特别提示：
till与until
在肯定句中指某个延续性动作或某种状态“持续到……时间为止，既可用till，也可用until”。
如①He kept studying English till/until the age f 35.
他学英语直到35岁(才结束)。
②但在nt ... until句型中，习惯上只用until而不用till。
He didn't stp studying English until the age f 35.
直到35岁他才停止学英语。
[即学即练] 用补全下列句子(可加入必要的助动词)/用倒装结构改写句子
①Will the fish keep fresh ________ tmrrw?
②She ________ g t bed ________ 11：00 pm last night.
③Yu can wait here ________ help cmes.
④I ________ ntice it ________ he tld me.
⑤I had nt realised he was my teacher until he tk ff his sunglasses.
________________________________________________________________________
2．(教材P21)While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird, it's really a primitive mammal, with a unique bilgy.虽然它可能像鸟一样在巢里下蛋，但它确实是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有独特的生物学特征。
[句式分析] 本句中while用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然……但是……”，多放于句首。
while作连词时的主要用法：
(1)“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句
(2)“但是；可是”，表示对比
(3)“虽然；尽管”，表示转折
❶While Mary was writing a letter, the children were playing utside.
玛丽写信时，孩子们在外面玩耍。
❷While they were just children, they made cntributins t the envirnmental prtectin.
尽管只是些小孩，但他们为环境保护作出了贡献。
❸Sme peple live in plenty, while thers haven't enugh t eat.
一些人过着丰衣足食的生活，而另一些人却吃不饱。
知识拓展：
while与when及as之间的区别
1．当从句中的谓语动词是持续性的动作时，我们可以用while, when或as。
2．当从句中的谓语动词表示瞬间动作时，不可用while。
3．当如果谈论两个长动作，最常用的是while。
4．如果表示两个短动作或事情同时发生，最常用的是as，也可用when。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①她虽然是个可爱的女孩，但有时却极难与其共事。
________________________， she can be extremely difficult t wrk with.
②我在做饭时，孩子们都在做作业。
________________________， the children were ding their hmewrk.
③他喜欢打篮球，而我喜欢听音乐。
He likes playing basketball, ________________________.
6．The prblems d nt end if crcdiles successfully ________ (孵化) frm the eggs.
7．T ________ (批准) a persn r activity means t give fficial permissin fr the persn t d smething r fr the activity t take place.
8．In general, female ________ (哺乳动物) give birth t babies rather than laying eggs, and feed their yung with milk.
9．A ________ (栅栏) is a barrier between tw areas f land, made f wd r wire.
10．If yu describe a building r a piece f scenery as ________ (宏伟的), yu mean that its size r appearance is very impressive.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The yung disappeared sn after they ________ (hatch)．
2．She is sensitive ________ what peple think f her.
3．It's clever f yu ________ (answer) the questin crrectly.
4．That singer's discs were distributed ________ the fans present.
5．The water supply has been cut ff ________ (temprary) because the wrkers are repairing ne f the main pipes.
6．It des serius harm t children's character that t much ________ (vilent) is shwn n televisin.
7．The pine trees have been planted in a very wide ________ (distribute)．
8．The ________ (prisn) brke away frm the tw plicemen wh were hlding him.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．她从袋子里掏出一把米让我看。
She brught ________________________ ut f the bag and shwed it t me.
2．公共汽车在机场外接乘客。
The bus ________________________ passengers utside the airprt.
3．他是昨天碰见李鸣的吗？
Was it yesterday that he ________________________ Li Ming?
4．食物和衣服已经分发给了穷人。
Fd and clthes ________________________.
5．一听到这则消息，玛丽突然大笑起来，而露西则突然大哭起来。
On hearing the news, Mary burst int laughter ________________________.
Sectin Ⅲ Using Language & Assessing Yur Prgress新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．temprary 2.phase 3.trunk 4.sessin 5.nest 6.hatch 7.capacity 8.fence 9.prisn 10.grand
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．distributin distribute 2.licensed license 3.frequency frequent 4.vilent vilence 5.bilgy bilgist bilgical
Ⅲ.阅读词汇
1．蹦极跳 2. 3.地热公园 4.哺乳动物
Ⅳ.重点短语
1．f 2.f 3.as 4.up 5.acrss 6.sure
Ⅴ.重点句型
1．until 2.While
文本研析·语篇理解
1．F 2.T 3.F 4.T
核心突破·互动探究
►第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1．①t/amng ②distributed t/amng ③distributin ④distributrs
2．①expressin ②expressing ③expressin ④expressins ⑤by ⑥herself
3．①finding ②appraching
4．①(开车)接人 ②学会 ③(便宜地)买到 ④拾起 ⑤好转 ⑥have picked up
5．①frequently ②frequently ③frequent encuragement
►第二版块|重点句型解构
1．①until/till ②didn't until/till ③until/till ④didn't until/till ⑤Nt until he tk ff his sunglasses had I realised he was my teacher.
2．①While she is a lvely girl ②While I was cking ③while I like listening t music
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．distributin 2.temprary 3.frequency 4.Bilgy 5.capacity 6.hatch 7.license 8.mammals 9.fence 10.grand
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．were hatched 2.t 3.t answer 4.t/amng 5.temprarily 6.vilence 7.distributin 8.prisner
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．a handful f rice 2.picks up 3.came acrss 4.have been distributed amng/t the pr 5.while Lucy burst ut crying
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