2022届高考英语一轮复习话题练 第14练 历史与地理（解析版）

这是一份2022届高考英语一轮复习话题练 第14练 历史与地理（解析版），共8页。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．In traditinal(traditin) Chinese culture，marriage decisins were ften made by parents fr their children.
2．Peple in Ls Angeles，Califrnia have n idea f distance(distant) n the map；they measure distance in time，nt miles.
3．A new eight­kilmeter rad is under cnstructin that links the prt area with the mtrway system.
4．A mdern city has been set up in what was a wasteland ten years ag.
5．Built(build) in the 16th century，the castle has witnessed t much cming and ging in histry.
6．There are tw buildings in this village，the larger f which stands nearly a hundred feet high.
7．N ne knws fr sure hw the universe came int existence(exist)．
8．At the ft f the muntain lies a small village with a very lng histry.
9．The htel has plenty f rms ranging(range) frm single rm t presidential suite.
10．The head ffice f the bank is in Beijing，but it has branches(branch) all ver the wrld.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
11．The cuntry shws respect eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(fr)) different religius beliefs and tries its best t prtect ancient cultural relics.
12．If yu swim in a river r lake，be sure t investigate eq \f(that,what) is belw the water surface.
13．Vancuver is Canada’s mst beautiful city, eq \f(surrunding,surrunded) by muntains and the Pacific Ocean.
14．Fr many natins，blue is a symbl f prtectin and eq \f(religin,religius) beliefs.
15．The wall is made up f fur main elements，eq \f(that,which) include a waterprf cvering and n the inside f the tunnel，a cncrete lining.
16．The psitin f the classrm with its view made me eq \f(felt,feel) like I was dreaming.
能力提升
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
The weather utside might be freezing at hme，but that desn’t mean yu have t spend the winter trembling.Instead，grab yur bathing suit and sunscreen and head t these sunny spts that ffer the best warm­weather getaways.
San Juan，Puert Ric
Head t the ht city nightlife f San Juan，where the streets f smart Cndad back right int the palm trees and lapping waves.Tp chefs，stylish htels，bars，clubs，and shps are all just steps away frm the trpical beaches.Since Puert Ric is a United States Cmmnwealth，it’s ne f the easiest islands in the Caribbean t visit since yu wn’t need any pass，have t change mney，r even wrry abut yur cellphne wrking.
Riviera Maya，Mexic
What’s better than diving int the salty sea? Ging int the clear and salt­free waters f the natural limestne centes f the Riviera Maya and Yucatan Peninsula.Spend a sunny day explring these natural cave pls filled with cl water that springs frm the grund belw and the thick palm frests that surrund them.Then head back t Fairmnt Mayakba fr cmfrtable rms and mdern Mexican cuisine.
New Orleans
New Orleans’ lively nightlife and live­music scenes make the “Big Easy” a great girl’s trip winter getaway.And even if yur crew isn’t ne t seek ut the bzy Burbn Street crawl，there’s plenty f amazing fd t be discvered in the French Quarter，plenty f shpping and walking in the Garden District.
Clearwater，Flrida
If yu want t meet a real mvie star while als taking in the sun，head t the Gulf shres f Clearwater，Flrida.Here yu can meet the stars f Dlphin Tale and Dlphin Tale 2，Winter and Hpe，wh are in residence at the Clearwater Marine Aquarium.
eq \x(语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在寒冷的冬日，你可以去度假的四个温暖的地方。)
1．What makes Puert Ric an easy turist destinatin?
A．N pass is needed.
B．It lies in the Caribbean.
C．It’s near the trpical beaches.
D．Many travel services are ffered.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据San Juan，Puert Ric部分中的“Since Puert Ric is a United States yu wn’t need any even wrry abut yur cellphne wrking.”可知，不需要通行证使波多黎各成为一个方便的旅游目的地。故选A。
2．What can yu d if ging t Riviera Maya?
A．Dive int the salty sea.
B．Enjy live­music scenes.
C．Meet sme real famus actrs.
D．Explre natural cave pls.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据Riviera Maya，Mexic部分中的“Spend a sunny day thick palm frests that surrund them.”可知，如果去里维埃拉玛雅，你可以探索天然洞穴池。故选D。
3．Which place will yu g t if yu are a film fan?
A．San Juan，Puert Ric.
B．Riviera Maya，Mexic.
C．New Orleans.
D．Clearwater，Flrida.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据Clearwater，Flrida部分中的“If yu want t meet a real mvie star while als taking in the sun，head t the Gulf shres f Clearwater，Flrida.”可知，如果你是个影迷，你会去佛罗里达州的克利尔沃特湾海岸。故选D。
B
Until recently，several lines f evidence—frm fssils，genetics，and archaelgy—suggested that humans first mved frm Africa int Eurasia (the land f Eurpe and Asia) abut 60,000 years ag，quickly replacing ther early human species，such as Neanderthals and Denisvans，that they may have met alng the way.
Hwever，a series f recent discveries，including 100,000­year­ld human teeth fund in a cave in China，have cluded this straightfrward statement.And the latest find，a prehistric jawbne at the Misliya Cave in Israel(以色列) dating back t nearly 200,000 years ag，which is almst twice as ld as any Hm sapiens(智人) remains discvered utside Africa，where ur species was thught t have riginated frm，has added a new and unexpected twist.
The find suggests that there were multiple waves f migratin acrss Eurpe and Asia and culd als mean that mdern humans in the Middle East were interacting，and pssibly mating，with ther human species fr tens f thusands f years.“Misliya breaks the muld (模式) f existing assumptins f the timing f the first knwn Hm sapiens in these regins，” said Chris Stringer，head f human rigins at the Natural Histry Museum in Lndn.“It’s imprtant in remving a lng­lasting cnstraint(限制) n ur thinking.”
Prf.Hershkvitz，wh led the wrk at Tel Aviv University said，“What Misliya tells us is that mdern humans left Africa nt 100,000 years ag，but 200,000 years ag.This is a revlutin in the way we understand the evlutin f ur wn species.” He als added that the recrd nw indicates that humans prbably travelled beynd the African cntinent whenever the climate allwed it.“I dn’t believe there was ne big departure frm Africa，” he said.“I think that thrughut hundreds f thusands f years humans were cming in and ut f Africa all the time.”
The discvery means that mdern humans were ptentially meeting and interacting during a lnger perid with ther ancient human grups，prviding mre pprtunity fr cultural and bilgical exchanges.It als raises interesting questins abut the fate f the earliest mdern human pineers.Genetic data frm mdern­day ppulatins arund the wrld strngly suggest that everyne utside Africa can trace their ancestrs back t a grup that left arund 60,000 years ag.S the inhabitants f the Misliya Cave are prbably nt the ancestrs f anyne alive tday，and scientists can nly guess why their branch f the family tree came t an end.
4．What des the Misliya discvery suggest?
A．Our ancestrs were pwerful and kind f aggressive.
B．Our ancestrs left Africa much earlier than thught.
C．The rigins f mdern humans are frm Eurpe.
D．Hm sapiens，Neanderthals and Denisvans nce lived tgether.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“a prehistric jawbne at the Misliya Cave in Israel(以色列) dating back t nearly 200,000 years ”和第四段中的“What Misliya tells us is that mdern humans ”可知，这一发现表明我们的祖先离开非洲的时间比我们想象的要早得多。故选B。
5．What des the underlined wrd “they” refer t in Para.1?
A．Early human species living in Eurpe.
B．Neanderthals and Denisvans.
C．Peple first mving frm Africa int Eurasia.
D．Ancient peple living in Africa all the time.
答案 C
解析 代词指代题。根据第一段中的“humans first mved frm Africa int as Neanderthals and Denisvans”可知，此处的they指代前文的 humans first mving frm Africa int Eurasia(第一批从非洲到欧亚大陆的人)。故选C。
6．What can be learned frm Prf.Hershkvitz’s wrds in Para.4?
A．Climate was a big factr in human migratin frm Africa.
B．There was a large­scale human migratin frm Africa.
C．Human migratin was ccasinal in Africa 200,000 years ag.
D．The Misliya find is against ur understanding f human evlutin.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“He als added that the recrd nw indicates that humans prbably travelled beynd the African cntinent whenever the climate allwed it.”可知，Hershkvitz教授认为气候是人类从非洲迁徙的一个重要因素。故选A。
7．What can we infer abut thse living in Misliya 200,000 years ag accrding t the last paragraph?
A．They were ancestrs f peple living in China.
B．They left evidence fr their mysterius disappearance in histry.
C．They prbably cntributed little t present­day peple genetically.
D．They culd be traced by their remains left n their travelling rute.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ utside Africa can trace their ancestrs back t a grup that left arund 60,000 years ag.S the inhabitants f the Misliya Cave are prbably nt the ancestrs f anyne alive tday”可推知，那些生活在米斯利亚山洞的人可能对当代人的基因贡献不大。故选C。
Ⅳ.短文改错
Hi Lucia，
Hw are yu? It was s nicely t meet yu last week in Sydney at the sales meeting.Hw was rest f yur trip? D yu see any kangars? I hpe yu gt hme safely.
Anyway，I mved t Berlin last week，when my cmpany’s new ffice building is lcated.The building is ging t be pened in three weeks.The ffices are nice，but the lcatin is perfect.There are lts f restaurants，cafes and banks n the area.There is als public transprt，made it easy t get arund.If yu cme t visit，I wuld have lve t shw yu arund Berlin，especially in the winter.Yu always say yu had never seen snw—yu will see them here!
Mike
答案
Hi Lucia，
Hw are yu? It was s eq \f(nicely,nice) t meet yu last week in Sydney at the sales meeting.Hw was eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(the)) rest f yur trip? eq \f(D,Did) yu see any kangars? I hpe yu gt hme safely.
Anyway，I mved t Berlin last week，eq \f(when,where) my cmpany’s new ffice building is lcated.The building is ging t be pened in three weeks.The ffices are nice，eq \f(but,and) the lcatin is perfect.There are lts f restaurants，cafes and banks eq \f(n,in) the area.There is als public transprt，eq \f(made,making) it easy t get arund.If yu cme t visit，I wuld have lve t shw yu arund Berlin，especially in the winter.Yu always say yu eq \f(had,have) never seen snw—yu will see eq \f(them,it) here!
Mike
Ⅴ.书面表达
假如你是高中生李华，你的美国笔友Jack热爱中国传统文化，最近打算来中国工作、生活一段时间，但是不确定应该去哪个城市，写信向你咨询。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1．你推荐的城市；
2．推荐的理由(不少于两条)；
3．美好祝愿。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文
Dear Jack，
I am s pleased t learn that yu are t spend sme time in China.
I recmmend yu t stay in Beijing，the capital and cultural center f China.The city enjys a high reputatin fr its abundance f ancient architecture，which represents the traditinal lcal lifestyles.And there are als plenty f museums where precius relics f histrical interest are waiting fr yu t explre.Besides，the exceptinal Peking Opera perfrmances there are als what yu can’t miss.
I wish yu a very happy and meaningful time in China!
Yurs sincerely，
Li Hua
Ⅰ.话题词汇总结
1．spt n．点，斑点；地点，场所 v．发现
2．trpical adj.热带的
3．scene n．景色；场景
4．getaway n．短假
5．seek v．寻找；寻求
6．discvery n．发现
7．migratin n．迁移；移居
8．regin n．区域
9．ancestr n．祖先
10．date back t追溯到……
联想 常用的和历史与地理有关的词汇还有：
1．histry n历史
2．belief n．信念；信任
3．surrund v．包围
4．distance n．距离
5．cultural adj.文化的
6．campaign n．运动
7．appear v．出现
8．represent v．代表
9．traditinal adj.传统的
10．lcal adj.本地的；当地的
话题微写作——根据所给的汉语及以上词汇，完成下面的小短文。
剪纸，这个有1 000多年历史的民间艺术有多种多样的式样。我们经常在中国传统节日里看到剪纸，它被认为象征着文化的意义。人们张贴剪纸的原因是他们认为剪纸能给他们带来好运和幸福。
Paper­cuttings，a kind f flk artwrks，with a histry f ver 1,000 years，have varius patterns.They are ften seen in traditinal Chinese festivals，which are cnsidered t represent cultural meanings.The reasn why peple put up paper­cuttings is that it is believed that they can bring gd luck and happiness t them.
Ⅱ.长难句分析
Spend a sunny day explring these natural cave pls filled with cl water that springs frm the grund belw and the thick palm frests that surrund them.
[句式分析] 本句为复合祈使句，filled with cl water为过去分词作后置定语，that springs frm the grund belw和that surrund them为定语从句，分别修饰cl water 和 the thick palm frests。
[自主翻译] 在一个晴朗的日子去探索这些满是从地下冒出的凉水的天然洞穴池，它们周围是茂密的棕榈林。
[仿写运用] 花四天在西藏游玩， 探索它独特的自然风光，这种风光在其他地方找不到。
Spend fur days turing in Tibet，explring its unique natural scenery that can’t be fund elsewhere.语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人类迁移的历史比此前证实的要早，这一发现意味着现代人类有可能在更长的时期内与其他古代人类群体相遇和互动，为文化和生物交流提供了更多的机会。