湖南省2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题含详解

这是一份湖南省2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题含详解，共44页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完型填空，作文，书面表达，阅读填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。

试卷主标题

姓名：__________ 班级：__________考号：__________
一、阅读理解（共10题）
1、 Here are five cooking habits that could be costing you important nutrients, causing you to overeat——or even making you sick.
Boiling vegetables
A 2015 review showed that boiling vegetables resulted in a high loss of vitamin C ． 1 ． "If you're not drinking a soup, you're missing out on nutrients," says Nishta Saxena, a dietitian based in Toronto .
Washing chicken
While your favourite old cookbooks likely tell you to wash a chicken before cooking, this outdated advice is a safety risk. Cleaning meat in water may remove some of the bacteria, but it's also likely to pass it around your kitchen. 2 ． And clean your hands after you've finished the cooking.
Removing skins from fruits and vegetables
"Large amounts of nutrients are found in the skins." says Liz Powell, who is a dietitian from Vancouver. " Concern about chemical remains isn't a good enough reason to do the removing. 3 ． "
Mixing everything
A smoothie (a mixed drink) is a smart way to eat some greens. 4 ． They're often short of protein and healthy fat. These things work together to keep us feeling full and satisfied. Without them, it's not really a balanced meal, Powell suggests adding some foods which contain protein or having a piece of wholewheat( 全麦的 )bread on the side.
Overdressing salads
We think we can add anything to salads, and they'll still be a nutritious choice. But it's just not true. If you're topping your bowl with dried strawberries and sweet cheese, you've easily added 30 grams of sugar to your so-called healthy lunch. 5 ．
A ． You should choose healthy produce for your family.
B ． But these kinds of drinks are likely to be unbalanced.
C ． To stay safe, don't wash the meat when preparing it.
D ． Cabbage. for example, loses about 33 % of its vitamin C ．
E.Nuts are better choices to improve the taste of your greens.
F.The skins of potatoes contain more nutrients than its inside part.
G.Washing your produce will remove some chemicals from the surface.
2、 It is always said that China is the homeland of tea, which has a very long history of tea. 1 ． However, unlike the western custom of using a convenient teabag, Chinese go to a lot of effort and time to prepare good tea for their guests, using tea leaves, natural spring water and a special kettle etc. to create worldwide famous tea culture. Tea is not just a drinkable beverage( 饮料 ), but also a taste of Chinese traditional culture and inheritance( 继承 ) of spirit. Unsurprisingly, there are various tea leaves in China. 2 ．
➢Color
3 ． Good green tea leaves have jade green with fresh vitality. Twisted pan green tea shows glossy gray green. If some of the tea leaves have dry, dark and brown colors, it means it is old tea. If the leaves have mixed, large contrast colors, it is believed that the tea is mixed with yellow leaves, old leaves and even old tea, which does not live up to the standard of good tea.
➢Flavor( 味道 )
New tea is extremely clear and transparent with strong aroma( 芳香 ), while old tea is characterized by brown color and weak fragrance. Take green tea and black tea for example, new green tea tastes a little bitter first, and then the fresh sweet taste begins to surface gradually, leaving a long and memorable after taste in mouth. 4 ．
➢Place of origin
There is great gap of quality among various places of origin. 5 ． For example, it is well-known that Yunnan produces the best quality Pu'er tea and premium Oolong tea can be found within Fujian Province.
A ． Every tea leaf has its own shape.
B ． Some varieties are identified by tightness of the leaves.
C ． It is always advised to select tea from its main producing areas.
D ． While you’re selecting tea, you should pay attention to following aspects.
E.For foreigners in China, drinking tea may seem like simple refreshment( 提神 ).
F.Generally, new tea leaves look fresh and pleasing, with light green or dark green.
G.On the contrary, if bitter taste takes the lead and fresh sweet taste subsides( 减弱 ), it is black tea.
3、 Volunteering jobs from 4 organizations
Ageing Well
The aim of this organization is to improve the health of older people by encouraging and supporting them to be more active—particularly those who join little or no physical activity. Ageing Well is looking for enthusiastic volunteers to come forward with new ideas for activities of the program.
Availability:from Monday to Friday/Morning or Afternoon
Minimum （最低的 )age:50
G64 COVID Help
During the COVID-19 pandemic( 流行病 ), the role of volunteers within our community has never been more important. These job chances include helping with shopping,driving and check-in calls for those who can't leave their houses.There are also many other activities you can get involved in to help make a difference in your local community. In addition,personal protective equipment will be supplied.
Availability:from Monday to Saturday/Morning or Afternoon
Minimum age:16
Chest Heart & Stroke Scotland
Chest Heart & Stroke Scotland （ CHSS)supports people across Scotland with heart or brain conditions. When knowing such diseases, many people experience fear and loneliness and struggle with the influence on their lives. CHSS helps deal with that. The care and support they deliver every day make sure that people can live the life they want.
Availability:from Monday to Friday/Morning or Afternoon
Minimum age:16
Give Blood 4 Good
Give Blood 4 Good is looking for students at the University of Edinburgh to raise awareness of blood donation （献血 )in Scotland. We also focus on educating young people （ aged17-24) about blood donation because the regular donation is the lowest among this age group in Scotland. We want to raise awareness and educate people about blood donation.
Availability:from Monday to Sunday （ 24 hours day/night)
Minimum age:17
1 ． Which volunteer below may Ageing Well prefer?
A ． The volunteer who has higher education back grounds.
B ． The volunteer who is able to work at weekends.
C ． The volunteer who is sociable and creative.
D ． The volunteer who can speak at least one foreign language.
2 ． How is CHSS supporting the society?
A ． By taking care of hard-working volunteers.
B ． By helping treat some deadly diseases.
C ． By reducing patients' mental stress.
D ． By teaching people how to fight against pandemics.
3 ． Which of the following organizations is suitable for a college student free on Sundays?
A ． Give Blood 4 Good B ． G64 COVID Help.
C ． Ageing Well D ． Chest Heart & Stroke Scotland.
4、 Six weeks before his birthday, Giuseppe Paternò achieved the dream of a lifetime: He got a university degree.
Mr. Paternò's graduation has inspired news coverage around the world, partly because of his age. But he has mainly drawn attention because his life story speaks of commitment, a theme that has encouraged as millions of schoolchildren in Italy and elsewhere faces extraordinary uncertainty during the coronavirus pandemic.
Born in Palermo in 1923, the first of seven children in a “very poor family,” Mr. Paternò began working soon after finishing elementary school. “The family was large, there was only one paycheck, we were under fascism, and times were tough,” he said.
Eventually, he ended up at a publishing house where an enlightened boss persuaded his father to send him back to school for a three-year vocational degree. Mr. Paternò then worked for an insurance agency while he took private classes to become a telegraph operator. He used skills from the operator job when he was drafted into the navy in World War II. The job also opened doors to the State Railways Company, where he worked for more than four decades.
It was only after he retired, in the mid-1980s, that he returned to his books, taking theology courses through the Archdiocese of Palermo after a chance meeting with a philosophy professor who urged him to follow his love.
Mr. Paterno's son, Ninni Paternò, said that the family had not expected all the attention. “It's unbelievable!” the vounger Paternò said of his father. “He achieved his goal, but he didn't mean to be famous in newspapers around the world.”
University officials are hoping that Mr. Paternò will continue his studies on waster's course. But he isn't so sure. “I have to admit that in this moment, I don't know whether I would do it with the same spirit,” he said on Wednesday. Still, Mr. Paternò said he would probably continue anyway.
1 ． What's the main reason for the world to report Mr. Paternò's graduation?
A ． His experience shows the spirit of commitment.
B ． Mr. Paternò achieved his dream at an old age.
C ． His graduation ceremony was during the coronavirus pandemic.
D ． His achievement is extraordinary.
2 ． What does the underline word “this job” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A ． Working for an insurance company.
B ． Severing in the navy in World War II.
C ． A telegraph operator.
D ． The job in the State Railway Company.
3 ． What can we learn about Mr. Paternò's son's words?
A ． The family had not agreed Mr. Paternò's decision.
B ． Mr. Paternò didn't want to gain the world's attention.
C ． Mr. Paternò suffered a lot to achieve his goal.
D ． Mr. Paternò's achievement is not worth mentioning.
4 ． What can we learn from the passage?
A ． It's never too late to achieve a dream. B ． No pains, no gains.
C ． Young at heart. D ． Practice makes perfect.
5、 Sustainability( 可持续性 ), one of the biggest topics of the last decade, has become the ray of hope to protect the planet. It's a topic we can't ignore and we must act now in a more sustainable way.
What does that mean for the world of technology? E-waste is one of the planet's biggest contributing waste problems.
Not only e-waste, but the materials that go into tech products are part of the problem. Take the smartphone industry for example, dozens of metals, minerals which have to be taken from the earth(including 16 of 17 rare metals) go into making phones. And with demand for mobile phones bigger than ever, it's a problem that needs to be solved.
With a challenge comes an opportunity, and there's already some progress happening - great news for those of us wanting to be more sustainable with our tech. People used to turn their noses up at the idea of a second-hand product, but there's been a huge increase in demand for refurbished tech( 翻新技术 ). For example, refurbished smartphone sales in the US have risen by 28% in the last 12 months while brand new sales have fallen by 21%.
Many communities are making an effort to deal with e-waste as well. Cities, schools, or churches will sometimes hold events to collect e-waste and send it to recycling centers. Some companies even offer buy-back programs where people will be given cash if they turn in old devices.
So the next time you want to deal with your e-waste, whether a smartphone, a laptop, an MP4 player or other, consider the more environmentally-friendly choices. It is possible to be sustainable with your tech after all.
1 ． What is the main purpose of paragraph 1?
A ． To explain what is sustainability.
B ． To introduce the topic of the text. .
C ． To give us an example of sustainability.
D ． To show different topics of sustainability.
2 ． What can be inferred from the passage?
A ． E-waste is the biggest waste problem.
B ． E-waste can't be dealt with in the end.
C ． People act in a more sustainable way than before.
D ． People would choose second-hand products in the past.
3 ． Which of the following can be e-waste EXCEPT?
A ． MP4 players B ． e-books
C ． laptops D ． smartphones
4 ． Which word best describes the author's attitude to sustainability?
A ． Doubtful. B ． Unclear,
C ． Negative. D ． Supportive.
6、 A favorite dish for purple sea urchins( 海胆 ) living off the coast of California is kelp( 巨藻 ). The problem is, those kelp forests are shrinking rapidly and that’s hurting the oceanic ecosystem. So a group of scientists carried out an experiment to see if these sea urchins can themselves become a dish.
Just off the coast, three divers get ready to jump in. They’re students from Moss Landing Marine Laboratories. The task: Count purple sea urchins. Their professor, Luke Gardner expects they’ll find plenty of urchins. And that’s not a good thing. “What they do is they just eat everything in sight,” Gardner says. These purple creatures are eating up California’s kelp forests, which provide food and shelter for numerous sea animals.
The problem began around 2014. That’s when Gardner says warmer ocean temperatures began affecting the reproduction of kelp. It’s also when a disease killed off sunflower sea stars, a killer of purple sea urchins. Therefore, the purple sea urchin population grows very fast.
The divers bring Gardner quite a lot of purple sea urchins. What’s inside is the part we eat, the uni ( 海胆黄 ) —a type of delicious food in Japanese cuisine. “The problem with these purple sea urchins is that when you open them up, sometimes there’s nothing in there. And they might be a little smaller compared to market-sized urchins,” says Gardner.
Then, it is time for the taste test. The class crowds into the kitchen of the restaurant Aubergine. Here, chef Justin Cogley serves uni from around the world. He opens up the purple sea urchins, taking the orange uni out and prepares it on a fried potato. “Honestly, it’s rich and buttery,” Cogley says. His conclusion? He’ll serve it.
It’s a tasty end to the project. But this could be just the beginning. A company called Urchinomics has been selling its human-raised urchins in Japan. Now, it is working to secure a site in California. It’s all in an effort to save the state’s kelp forests and help the thousands of animals that depend on them.
1 ． What is the scientists’ experiment about?
A ． Turning purple sea urchins into a dish. B ． Finding new food for purple sea urchins.
C ． Discovering the causes of a poor ecosystem. D ． Studying the ecosystem of the coast of California.
2 ． How is Paragraph 3 mainly developed?
A ． By presenting research findings. B ． By following time order.
C ． By analyzing causes. D ． By making comparisons.
3 ． According to Gardner, what’s a problem with purple sea urchins?
A ． Their uni tastes like bad butter. B ． They don’t all have uni inside.
C ． They can’t be raised by humans. D ． Their size is beyond the market standard.
4 ． What is the best title for the text?
A ． Save California’s Kelp by Eating Purple Sea Urchins.
B ． A Scientist’s Cooking Dream Comes True in California.
C ． Kelp Forests Suffer Because of Japanese Cuisine.
D ． Clean Up the Sea by Restoring Kelp Forests.
7、 Ender’s Game
Aliens( 外星人 ) have attacked Earth twice and almost destroyed the human beings. We couldn’t lose anymore. Therefore, the world government has started to train military geniuses( 军事天才 ) in the arts of war. Ender Wiggin is taking part in this training. He wins all the games. He knows time is running out, but can he save the planet? It is a good science fiction for boys.
Hatchet
It is the story of a boy named Brian. On a trip to the Canadian oilfields to spend the summer with his dad, the pilot of the Cessna he is traveling in suffers a heart attack and dies. Brian must land the plane in the forest. Brian learns to exist in the forest. He faces many dangers including hunger, animal attacks, and even a tornado.
Ball Don’t Lie
Sticky, 17, is from the streets and has had a hard life so far. But, his hope for his life to be good and get better is basketball. His basketball skills may be his ticket to a better life. This book is encouraging, and raises questions about race and the difficulties in getting ahead in life when you’ve had a bad start.
Crackback
Miles Manning likes to please people, his father, his coach, and his friends. He is a starter on a winning football team that is favored to win the match and have a chance to go to state. However, everybody is pressing Miles to be bigger, stronger and faster, including his new head coach, his strict father, and his best friend.
She
A college professor and his young student follow instructions on a broken pottery shard( 陶瓷碎片 ) that lead them to a legendary lost city in the jungles of Africa, where they encounter She Who Must Be Obeyed, the ruler of the land.
1 ． Why does the world government train military geniuses in Ender’s Game ?
A ． To stop the fight against aliens.
B ． To help people learn more about wars.
C ． To make sure humans win the next war.
D ． To destroy the planet aliens are living on.
2 ． Which book is suitable for Johnson who is interested in wilderness self-help?
A ． Crackback. B ． Ball Don’t Lie.
C ． She. D ． Hatchet.
3 ． Which two books are related to sports?
A ． Ender’s Game and Crackback.
B ． Ball Don’t Lie and Hatchet.
C ． She and Hatchet.
D ． Ball Don’t Lie and Crackback .
8、 I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.
I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl( 猫头鹰 ) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.
I examined the chick( 雏鸟 ) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.
The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.
Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.
A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.
1 ． What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according to paragraph 1?
A ． Efforts made in vain.
B ． Getting injured in his work.
C ． Feeling uncertain about his future.
D ． Creatures forced out of their homes.
2 ． Why was the author called to Muttontown?
A ． To rescue a woman.
B ． To take care of a woman.
C ． To look at a baby owl.
D ． To cure a young owl.
3 ． What made the chick calm down?
A ． A new nest.
B ． Some food.
C ． A recording.
D ． Its parents.
4 ． How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?
A ． It’s unexpected.
B ． It’s beautiful.
C ． It’s humorous.
D ． It’s discouraging.
9、 There are 195 countries in the world today but almost none of them have purple on their national flag. So what’s wrong with purple? It’s such a popular color today. Why would no country use it in their flag? The answer is really quite simple. Purple was just for too expensive.
The color purple has been associated with royalty power and wealth for centuries. Queen Elizabeth I forbade anyone except close members of the royal family to wear it. Purple’s high status comes from the rarity and cost of the dye ( 染料 )originally used to produce it. Fabric traders got the dye from a small sea snail ( 海螺 )that was only found in the Tyre region of the Mediterranean. More than 10,000 snails were needed to create just one gram of purple; not to mention a lot of work went into producing the dye, which made purple dye so expensive.
Since only wealthy rulers could afford to buy and wear the color, it became associated with the royal family. Sometimes, however, the dye was too expensive even for royalty. Third century Roman Emperor Aurelio famously wouldn’t allow his wife to buy a scarf made from purple silk because it cost three times its weight in gold. A single pound of dye cost three pounds of gold, which equals 56,000 dollars today. Therefore, even the richest countries couldn’t spend that much having purple on their flags.
The dye became more accessible to lower-class about a century and a half ago. In 1856, 18-year-old English chemist William Henry Perkin accidentally created a man-made purple compound ( 化合物 )while attempting to produce an anti-malaria drug. He noticed that the compound could be used to dye fabrics, so he patented the dye, manufactured it and got rich. Purple dye was then mass-produced so everybody could afford it.
Till now, a handful of new national flags have been designed and a few of them have chosen to use purple in their flag. So don’t be making any bets just yet.
1 ． Why was color purple expensive in the past?
A ． Because only royal families were allowed to wear purple.
B ． Because it took a long time to get purple dye from gold.
C ． Because purple was worth as much as its weight in gold.
D ． Because purple dye used to be rare and hard to produce.
2 ． Why did Roman Emperor Aurelio forbid his wife to buy a purple scarf?
A ． Because of poor quality. B ． Because of long tradition.
C ． Because of bad taste. D ． Because of high price.
3 ． What is purple's situation now?
A ． Purple has been widely used on national flags.
B ． Purple dye is now affordable to ordinary people.
C ． Royal family stop using purple because it’s too common.
D ． Fewer snails are used to produce purple dye than before.
4 ． Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A ． No Purple Flags? B ． Purple vs Gold
C ． How to Produce Purple Dye? D ． The Birth of Purple Color
10、 The theatre in Shakespeare’s time was much different than it is today. Authors wrote plays for the masses, especially those who couldn’t read or write.
The theatre changed a lot during Shakespeare’s lifetime. The authorities didn’t like it and didn’t allow acting in the city itself. They thought it had a bad influence on people and kept them from going to church. Queen Elizabeth, on the other hand, loved acting and helped the theatre become popular.
The theatre in Shakespeare’s time was full of life. People did not sit all the time and it was not quiet during the performance. The audience could walk around, eat and drink during the play.
Theatres were open arenas or playhouses that had room for up to three thousand people. There was almost no scenery because the dialogue was the most important part of the play. Colourful and well-designed costumes were very important and told the people about the status of a character. Women never performed in plays, so young boys played female characters. The performances took place in the afternoon because it was too dark at night.
There was no stage crew as there is today. Actors had to do everything themselves — from making costumes to setting the stage. Plays were organized by acting companies. They performed about 6 different plays each week because they needed money to survive. They had almost no time to rehearse ( 排练 ).
The companies in Shakespeare’s time had a rank system. The companies belonged to shareholders and managers. They were responsible for everything and got most of the money when the company was successful. Sometimes they even owned their own buildings. Actors worked for the managers and after some time became a permanent member of the company. Apprentices ( 学徒 ) were young boys and were allowed to act in unimportant roles. They also played female characters in plays.
1 ． Why was the theatre banned by the authorities?
A ． It was much different than before.
B ． They thought it affected people negatively.
C ． They thought it kept people going to church.
D ． The queen didn’t like it.
2 ． What does the underlined word “arenas” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A ． Stages. B ． Stores.
C ． Companies. D ． Systems.
3 ． What do we know about the actors?
A ． They could drink during the play.
B ． They were rich by running acting companies.
C ． They had stage crew to help them.
D ． They were too busy to practice.
4 ． What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A ． To remember Shakespeare.
B ． To show his love of Shakespeare’s plays.
C ． To introduce theatres in Shakespeare’s time.
D ． To discuss the company’s rank system.
二、完型填空（共2题）
1、 Mr. Jackson was blind from birth. He owned a fruit 1 on a very busy street. Although he was visually disabled,he ran his business pretty handsomely. He could see nothing and he could only 2 the things within his reach. However,he was able to handle it and was content with everything he had.
One day his son came to him. He told Mr. Jackson in 3 that he read in the newspaper of a doctor who could operate on his eyes and allow him to see. The father and son traveled to the doctor and paid for the 4 .
After the operation,the doctor asked Mr. Jackson,“What is the first thing you are 5 to see when I take the bandages( 绷  带） off ?”,He replied,“I really want to see my beautiful 6 on my stand!”
The doctor and the son 7 Mr. Jackson down to the busy street where his fruit stand had been located for so many years. The doctor 8 unwrapped the bandages so that he could lay his eyes on the beautiful fruit! Mr. Jackson was so full of 9 that he could finally see his life's work—taking care of his fruit! After a few hours of 1 0 his beautiful fruit stand,he looked down the street both ways and saw there were quite a few fruit stands in both directions. He looked across the street and saw many other fruit stands. He spent so much time looking at other people's fruit stands and 1 1 the competition. Soon his own business 1 2 .
From Mr. Jackson's failure,we should know that everyone is a 1 3 individual with different fingerprints,DNA and thinking. What we need to do is just be ourselves and 1 4 everyone else to be who they are. Mind our own business and we should never be afraid of 1 5 .
1 ． A ． stand B ． company C ． store D ． center
2 ． A ． remember B ． describe C ． imagine D ． feel
3 ． A ． pride B ． doubt C ． excitement D ． surprise
4 ． A ． information B ． medicine C ． service D ． operation
5 ． A ． nervous B ． lucky C ． eager D ． afraid
6 ． A ． flowers B ． vegetables C ． fruit D ． clothing
7 ． A ． sent B ． accompanied C ． followed D ． invited
8 ． A ． suddenly B ． curiously C ． carefully D ． firmly
9 ． A ． regret B ． joy C ． courage D ． relief
1 0 ． A ． enjoying B ． checking C ． judging D ． making
1 1 ． A ． preparing for B ． focusing on C ． worrying about D ． taking up
1 2 ． A ． improved B ． failed C ． appeared D ． expanded
1 3 ． A ． simple B ． reliable C ． unique D ． perfect
1 4 ． A ． force B ． require C ． persuade D ． allow
1 5 ． A ． competitions B ． changes C ． differences D ． disabilities
2、 The Keeper of the River
An old man had been working for many years for a town. His job was to clear away natural waste from the pool water in the hills, which made up the lovely river flowing through the town nearby. Quietly and 1 , the old man guarded the hills, 2 the leaves and branches, and cleaned up the dirt that would have blocked and polluted the fresh flow of water. The town soon became a popular attraction for tourists. Elegant swans( 天鹅 ) floated along the clear river and the view was so beautiful 3 words.
Years passed. One evening the town committee met. As they reviewed the budget, one man’s 4 caught sight of the salary 5 being paid to the seldom seen keeper of the river. He asked “Who is the old man? Why do we 6 to employ him? No one in town ever sees him. For all we know, the strange keeper of the hills isn’t doing his job. His position isn’t 7 any longer.” Then they voted to 8 the man.
For several weeks nothing changed.
By early autumn, the trees began to 9 their leaves. Small branches broke off and fell into the pools of the hills, 10 the flow of the shining water. One afternoon, someone noticed a slight yellowish-brown color in the river. A few days later, the water was much 11 . Within another week, an oily something covered some sections of the water along the banks and a terrible 12 was soon sensed. Swans left, and so did the 13 . The only thing that was now visiting the village was disease and sickness.
Quickly, the embarrassed town committee called a special meeting. Realizing their huge error in 14 , they rehired the old keeper of the river again, and within a few weeks, the river began to clear up. Swans and tourists came back again and new life returned to the small town in the Alps.
Never ignore the seeming smallness of a task, job or life. They may all make a 15 .
1 ． A ． regularly B ． suddenly C ． naturally D ． actually
2 ． A ． cut B ． burned C ． removed D ． selected
3 ． A ． beyond B ． with C ． in D ． after
4 ． A ． eye B ． care C ． hand D ． mind
5 ． A ． list B ． form C ． name D ． account
6 ． A ． promise B ． continue C ． stop D ． tend
7 ． A ． powerful B ． important C ． necessary D ． suitable
8 ． A ． find B ． fire C ． support D ． forgot
9 ． A ． lose B ． miss C ． fall D ． grow
10 ． A ． pulling B ． speeding C ． slowing D ． pushing
11 ． A ． deeper B ． cooler C ． warmer D ． darker
12 ． A ． sound B ． smell C ． wave D ． taste
13 ． A ． managers B ． passengers C ． villagers D ． tourists
14 ． A ． disagreement B ． improvement C ． judgement D ． amusement
15 ． A ． suggestion B ． difference C ． progress D ． decision
四、作文（共2题）
1、 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友 Peter 得知中国在扶贫 (poverty relief) 方面取得巨大成就，给你发来电子邮件，希望了解相关情况。请回复邮件，内容包括 :
① 取得的成就： 7 亿多人摆脱了贫困 ;
② 相关措施 : 教育和培训 ;
③ 你的看法。
注意： ① 写作词数应为 80 左右 ;
② 开头和结尾已给出，不计人总词数 ;
③ 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 ;
④ 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
I'm so glad to hear from you!
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
2、 长沙市图书馆与我校合作，建立了一个外文图书流动点。外文图书室由国际部进行管理，地点在高阳楼裙楼一楼国际部图书室。每年长沙市图书馆会向我校提供一定数量的外文原版书籍和杂志，供广大在校师生借阅。

假定你是李华，为了使大家更好地利用资源，你对外文图书室有什么好的建议呢？你可以给图书管理员写一封建议信，内容包括：
1. 希望能阅读到一些英文书籍或杂志类型的书目；
2. 希望开展一些可以提升学生英文阅读兴趣的活动；
3. 希望图书馆开放借阅的时间。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 建议的内容必须涵盖以上两点或三点；
3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
4. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Librarian,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
五、书面表达（共2题）
1、 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Peter, a 5-year-old boy, showed such great interest in sea shells that he would rush to pick them up with his 3-year-old sister, Shirley. They screamed out their joy as Peter collected his treasure into his pockets. For Peter, sea shells lay shinning on the peaceful beach, waiting for him, just like stars twinkling （闪烁） in the sky. As waves touched them, they seemed to be flowers blooming （绽放） in gentle wind.
One day, Peter was wandering through market with Shirley, with some shells in his pocket. Suddenly Peter found his younger sister was lagging （落后） behind. He stopped and looked back, finding Shirley was standing in front of a toy shop and was staring at something with great interest.
The boy went back to her and asked, "What do you want?" Shirley pointed at the doll, wearing a smile on her innocent face. Peter held his younger sister's tiny hand, walking into the shop. He tiptoed （踮起脚尖） to reach for the doll, and like a responsible elder brother, gave the precious doll to Shirley. Holding tightly the doll, the sister was very very happy.
The shopkeeper was watching everything and getting amused to see the matured （成熟的） behaviour of the boy. Now the boy came to the counter and asked the shopkeeper, "How much does this doll cost, Sir?”
The shopkeeper was a cool man, who had suffered from something in his life. So he asked the boy with love and affection, "Well, what can you pay?" Peter reached into his clothes for money that was intended for these two little guys' breakfast. Having counted the money, Peter put it carefully on the counter, asking again, 6'Sir, is it enough for my little sister's doll?"
The amusing scene just in front of the shopkeeper eventually brought a smile on his face. Shaking his head slightly, he replied, "My boy, I am afraid it seems not to be enough."
注意：
1 ．续写词数应为 150 左右；
2 ．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With his eyes fixed on Peter's pocket, he wondered what Peter would do.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Seeing Peter leaving happily with his sister holding the doll tightly, an assistant in that shop got surprised.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2、 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为 80 词左右。
Ali and his younger sister, Zahra, lived with their parents in a poor neighborhood. Their mother was very sick and their father was struggling to find a job, and they had only a little money with which to buy food. As they had not paid the rent for several months, the landlord was breathing down their necks ( 盯着他们 ).
One day, Ali took Zahra's shoes to a shoe repairman to be fixed, but he lost them on the way home. It wasn’t until he got home that he realized he had lost the shoes. He was afraid that his parents would be angry and disappointed, so he begged his sister to keep it secret. Zahra agreed and the two decided to share Ali’s running shoes. Zahra’s school hours were in the morning, so she would wear them first. After school, she would rush back and give them to Ali. He could then run to his school, which began in the afternoon. Although he ran as fast as he could, Ali often arrived late and was warned by the school.
Ali heard about a long distance race that was held for the boys in the city. When he learned that the third prize was a new pair of shoes, he decided to take part. He ran home excitedly and promised his sister that he would win her the new shoes.
The day of race arrived. Ali had a strong start ， but halfway through the race he began to get tired and his legs began to ache. Getting more and more exhausted he thought only of Zahra and his promise to her. Dreaming of the new shoes he would win for his sister gave him strength, and he stayed right behind the two fastest runners, determined to finish third. Suddenly, as the finish line drew near, another runner collided ( 碰撞 ) with Ali from behind and he crashed to the ground.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为 80 左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Filled with pleasure, Ali walked home quickly._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、阅读填空（共2题）
1、 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Amazon rainforest plays a key role in the Earth's ecosystem. It breathes life into the planet 1 ． fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen. Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is 2 ． treasure house of many species. 3 ． surprises us most is that one in ten known species in the world can be found there. Yet there is one major danger to these 4 ． (replaceable) plants and animals: us. Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest 5 ． (disappear) due to human activities, such as agriculture and cattle farming. 6 ． the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of 7 ． (extinct) becomes longer, we 8 ． (leave) with a question: can we afford 9 ． (damage) the “lungs of the planet”? It is 10 ． ( high) recommended that we should work together to protect it.
2、 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Amazon rainforest, often 1 ． (know) as the “lungs of the planet”, 2 ． (breathe) life into the planet by fixing carbon and 3 ． (produce) over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen. 4 ． , the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species 5 ． can be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these 6 ． (replace) plants and animals: us. Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest 7 ． (appear) due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. 8 ． the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of 9 ． (extinct) becomes longer, we are left with a question; can we afford 10 ． (damage) the “lungs of the planet”?

============参考答案============
一、阅读理解
1、 1 ． D
2 ． C
3 ． G
4 ． B
5 ． E
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了常见的五种错误的做饭习惯。
1 ．由上文中的 boiling vegetables resulted in a high loss of vitamin C“ 煮蔬菜会导致维生素 C 的大量流失 ” 。可知，该段主要介绍了煮蔬菜会导致维生素 C 的损失。 D 项中的 loses about 33% of its vitamin C 是提示，该句为该段的观点提供了具体的例证。由此推知， D 项 Cabbage. for example, loses about 33 % of its vitamin C. （卷心菜。例如，它会失去大约 33% 的维生素 C 。）切题。故选 D 。
2 ．由上文中的 Cleaning meat in water may remove some of the bacteria, but it's also likely to pass it around your kitchen“ 在水中清洗肉类可能会去除一些细菌，但也可能会在你的厨房里传播 ” 。可知，该段介绍了清理肉类食物有可能将细菌留在厨房。再由下文中的 And clean your hands after you' ve finished the cooking 可知，设空处给出了一种解决办法，由此推知， C 项 To stay safe, don't wash the meat when preparing it. （为了安全起见，烹调时不要洗肉。）切题。故选 C 。
3 ．由上文中的 Concern about chemical remains isn't a good enough reason to do the removing“ 对化学残留物的担忧并不是进行移除的充分理由 ” 以及设空处所在的位置可知 , 这里还需要给出建议。 G 项中的 remove some chemicals from the surface 是提示。由此推知， G 项 Washing your produce will remove some chemicals from the surface. （清洗你的产品会去除表面的一些化学物质。）切题。故选 G 。
4 ．由下文中的 They're often short of protein and healthy fat 可知，设空处提到了有关 They 的内容，并且指出 They 是一些缺乏蛋白质和健康脂肪的食物。再由上文中的 smoothie 可知，这里指一些类似思慕雪的饮料。由此推知， B 项 But these kinds of drinks are likely to be unbalanced. （但这些饮料很可能是不平衡的。）切题。故选 B 。
5 ．该段缺一个结尾句。由小标题 Overdressing salads 可知，该段主要说明对沙拉过度添加一些辅料，导致原本健康的饮食变得不那么健康。作为结尾句要给大家提出一些建议， E 项中的 better choices 以及 taste of your greens 是提示。由此推知， E 项 Nuts are better choices to improve the taste of your greens. （坚果是改善蔬菜味道的更好选择。）切题。故选 E 。
2、 1 ． E
2 ． D
3 ． F
4 ． G
5 ． C
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了选茶时需要注意的几个方面：颜色，味道和产地。
1 ．
根据后文 “However, unlike the western custom of using a convenient teabag, Chinese go to a lot of effort and time to prepare good tea for their guests, using tea leaves, natural spring water and a special kettle etc. to create worldwide famous tea culture.( 然而，不同于西方使用方便的茶包的习俗，中国人花了很多精力和时间为他们的客人准备好茶，用茶叶，天然的泉水和一个特殊的茶壶等，创造了世界闻名的茶文化。 )” 可知，后文在讲述中国人喝茶的方式要复杂很多，这应是与 “ 外国人 / 西方人 ” 对比而来的，由此可推知，设空句应提及西方人或外国人的喝茶。选项 E“For foreigners in China, drinking tea may seem like simple refreshment.( 对于在中国的外国人来说，喝茶似乎是一种简单的提神饮料。 )” 符合语境分析，句中的 “foreigners” 与后文 “the western custom” 相呼应，且在句意上形成转折对比关系。故选 E 项。
2 ．
设空在首段末尾句，应起到承起下文的作用。根据后文小标题 “Color( 颜色 )” ， “Flavor( 味道 )” ， “Place of origin( 产地 )” 可知，后文介绍茶叶的几个方面，对应 D 项 “While you’re selecting tea, you should pay attention to following aspects.( 选茶时，应注意以下几个方面。 )” 中的 “following aspects” 。故选 D 项。
3 ．
根据小标题 “Color( 颜色 )” 可知，该段介绍的是茶叶的颜色，因此设空句作为该部分首句应对茶叶的颜色进行进一步解释，设空后文中 “Good green tea leaves have jade green with fresh vitality.( 好绿茶的叶子呈翠绿，生机盎然。 )” 出现了核心词 “good green” ，选项 F“Generally, new tea leaves look fresh and pleasing, with light green or dark green.( 一般来说，新茶叶看起来清新宜人，呈淡绿色或深绿色。 )” 在句意上是对小标题的进一步阐述，且出现 “green” 核心词，符合词汇复现原则。故选 F 项。
4 ．
根据小标题 “Flavor( 味道 )” 可知，该段介绍的是茶的味道，前文 “Take green tea and black tea for example, new green tea tastes a little bitter first, and then the fresh sweet taste begins to surface gradually, leaving a long and memorable after taste in mouth.( 以绿茶和红茶为例，新绿茶一开始尝起来有点苦，然后逐渐露出鲜甜的味道，在口中留下长久而难忘的回味。 )” 提到了 “ 绿茶和红茶 ” ，却只描述了新绿茶先稍苦后甜且有回味，由此可推知，设空句应提及另一种味道的茶，红茶的味道。 G 项 “On the contrary, if bitter taste takes the lead and fresh sweet taste subsides, it is black tea.( 反之，如果苦味为主，鲜甜味消失，那就是红茶。 )” 符合语境分析，且句中有转折，符合上下文义。故选 G 项。
5 ．
根据小标题 “Place of origin( 产地 )” 可知，该段介绍的是茶的产地， C 项 “It is always advised to select tea from its main producing areas.( 人们总是建议选择其主产区的茶叶。 )” 中的 “main producing areas” 符合该段主题。故选 C 项。
3、 1 ． C
2 ． C
3 ． A
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。介绍了四个招聘志愿者的广告。
1 ．
细节理解题。根据第一段末句 “Ageing Well is looking for enthusiastic volunteers to come forward with new ideas for activities of the program. （ Ageing Well 正在寻找热心的志愿者，为计划的活动提出新想法。） ” 可知， Ageing Well 希望招聘热心肠善社交，有创意的志愿者。故选 C 项。
2 ．
细节理解题。根据 Chest Heart & Stroke Scotland 部分 “When knowing such diseases, many people experience fear and loneliness and struggle with the influence on their lives. CHSS helps deal with that. （许多人在了解到这类疾病后，会感到恐惧和孤独，并挣扎在这种疾病对他们生活的影响。 CHSS 帮助解决这个问题。） ” 句末的 “that” 指代前面 “fear and loneliness and struggle” ， 由此可知，该组织是帮助此类病人缓解精神压力。故选 C 项。
3 ．
细节理解题。根据 Give Blood 4 Good 部分 “Give Blood 4 Good is looking for students at the University of Edinburgh to raise awareness of blood donation （献血 )in Scotland （ Give Blood 4 Good 正在爱丁堡大学招募学生，以提高苏格兰的献血意识。） .” 可知，该组织活动是针对大学生的，结合段末 “Availability:from Monday to Sunday （ 24 hours day/night)” 可知，该组织每天 24 小时，接待大学生献血，包括周末。综合可知，该组织 Give Blood 4 Good 的活动适合周日有空闲的大学生做志愿者。故选 A 项。
4、 1 ． A
2 ． C
3 ． B
4 ． A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文，这篇文章讲述的是一位意大利爷爷 96 岁大学毕业追寻梦想的故事。
1 ．
细节理解题。根据第二段中 “But he has mainly drawn attention because his life story speaks of commitment （但他之所以受到关注，主要是因为他的人生故事讲述了承诺） ” 可知，他的事迹被全世界报道的主要原因是他的人生故事体现了承诺精神，故选 A 项。
2 ．
词义猜测题。根据原文第四段中 “Mr. Paternò then worked for an insurance agency while he took private classes to become a telegraph operator. He used skills from the operator job when he was drafted into the navy in World War II. （先生。帕特诺随后在一家保险公司工作，同时参加私人课程，成为一名电报员。第二次世界大战时，他应征加入海军时，运用了操作员的技能。） ” 可知， this job 指代的是 the operator job （电报员工作）。故选 C 项。
3 ．
细节理解题。根据原文 “He achieved his goal, but he didn't mean to be famous in newspapers around the world （他实现了自己的目标，但他并不想在世界各地的报纸上出名） ” 可知，他并不想受到全世界的关注，故选 B 项。
4 ．
推理判断题。这篇文章讲述的是一位老人在 96 岁高龄时大学毕业追寻梦想的故事，他的经历可以说明追逐梦想永远不会晚，故选 A 项。
5、 1 ． B
2 ． C
3 ． B
4 ． D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。随着电子垃圾的大量产生和科技产品的原材料需求的增加，可持续性已成为保护地球的一线希望，我们必须要以一种可持续的方式采取行动。
1 ．
推理判断题。根据第一段 “It's a topic we can't ignore and we must act now in a more sustainable way.( 这（可持续性）是一个我们不能忽视的话题，我们必须以一种更可持续的方式现在就采取行动 )” 结合下文如何采取措施可知，第一段的主要目的是介绍文章的主题。故选 B 。
2 ．
推理判断题。根据第四段 “People used to turn their noses up at the idea of a second-hand product, but there's been a huge increase in demand for refurbished tech( 翻新技术 ).( 人们过去对二手产品不屑一顾，但如今对翻新技术的需求大幅增长 )” 可推知，人们以比以前更可持续的方式行动。故选 C 。
3 ．
细节理解题。根据最后一句 “So the next time you want to deal with your e-waste, whether a smartphone, a laptop, an MP4 player or other, consider the more environmentally-friendly choices.( 所以，下次你想处理电子垃圾时，不管是用智能手机、笔记本电脑、 MP4 播放器还是其他设备，都要考虑更环保的选择 )” 可知，智能手机、笔记本电脑、 MP4 播放器都可能是电子垃圾，故排除 A 、 C 和 D ，选项 B. e-books( 电子书 ) 未被提及，故选 B 。
4 ．
推理判断题。根据最后一段 “So the next time you want to deal with your e-waste, …consider the more environmentally-friendly choices.( 所以，下次你想处理电子垃圾时，都要考虑更环保的选择 )” 可知，作者对于可持续性是持支持的态度的。故选 D 。
6、 1 ． A
2 ． C
3 ． B
4 ． A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。生活在加利福尼亚海岸的紫海胆最爱吃的一道菜是巨藻。问题是，这些巨藻林正在迅速萎缩，这正在损害海洋生态系统。因此，一组科学家进行了一项实验，看看这些海胆能否做成一道菜。文章说明了紫海胆泛滥的原因，以及紫海胆在厨房里是如何制作成一道菜的过程。
1 ．
细节理解题。根据第一段中 So a group of scientists carried out an experiment to see if these sea urchins can themselves become a dish. 可知因此，一组科学家进行了一项实验，看看这些海胆能否做成一道菜。由此可知，科学家们的实验是关于如何把紫海胆做成一道菜。故选 A 。
2 ．
推理判断题。根据第三段 The problem began around 2014. That’s when Gardner says warmer ocean temperatures began affecting the reproduction of kelp. It’s also when a disease killed off sunflower sea stars, a killer of purple sea urchins. Therefore, the purple sea urchin population grows very fast. 可知这个问题大约始于 2014 年。加德纳说，那时候海洋温度变暖，开始影响海带的繁殖。也是在那时，一种疾病杀死了作为紫色海胆杀手的向日葵海星。因此，紫海胆的数量增长非常快。由此可推知，第三段主要是通过分析紫海胆泛滥的原因展开的。故选 C 。
3 ．
细节理解题。根据第四段中 “The problem with these purple sea urchins is that when you open them up, sometimes there’s nothing in there. And they might be a little smaller compared to market-sized urchins,” says Gardner. 可知 “ 紫海胆的问题是，当你打开它们时，有时里面什么也没有。与市场大小的海胆相比，他们可能要小一些。 ” Gardner 说。由此可知，根据 Gardner 的说法，紫海胆的问题是它们里面并不是都有海胆黄。故选 B 。
4 ．
主旨大意题。根据第一段 A favorite dish for purple sea urchins( 海胆 ) living off the coast of California is kelp( 巨藻 ). The problem is, those kelp forests are shrinking rapidly and that’s hurting the oceanic ecosystem. So a group of scientists carried out an experiment to see if these sea urchins can themselves become a dish. 可知生活在加利福尼亚海岸的紫海胆最爱吃的一道菜是巨藻。问题是，这些巨藻林正在迅速萎缩，这正在损害海洋生态系统。因此，一组科学家进行了一项实验，看看这些海胆能否做成一道菜。以及最后一段中 It’s all in an effort to save the state’s kelp forests and help the thousands of animals that depend on them. 可知这一切都是为了拯救该州的巨藻森林，并帮助成千上万的依赖巨藻生存的动物。结合文章还说明了紫海胆泛滥的原因，以及紫海胆在厨房里是如何制作成一道菜的过程。由此可知， A 选项 “ 通过吃紫海胆来拯救加州的巨藻 ” 最符合文章标题。故选 A 。
7、 1 ． C
2 ． D
3 ． D
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五本青少年读物的内容梗概。
1 ．
细节理解题。根据文章 Ender’s Game 部分内容 “Aliens have attacked Earth twice and almost destroyed the human beings. We couldn’t lose anymore. Therefore, the world government has started to train military geniuses in the arts of war. ( 外星人两次袭击地球，几乎毁灭了人类。我们不能再输了。因此，世界政府开始在战争艺术中培养军事天才。 )” 可知，训练军事天才的目的是为了不再输掉战争，即在下次战争中取胜。故选 C 项。
2 ．
细节理解题。根据文章 Hatchet 部分内容 “Brian learns to exist in the forest. He faces many dangers including hunger, animal attacks, and even a tornado.( 布莱恩学会了在森林里生存。他面临着许多危险，包括饥饿、动物袭击，甚至是龙卷风。 )” 可知，这本书中提到了布莱恩野外生存的故事，应是介绍了很多野外自救的信息。故选 D 项。
3 ．
细节理解题。根据文章 Ball Don’t Lie 部分内容 “His basketball skills may be his ticket to a better life.( 他的篮球技术可能是他通往更好生活的门票。 )” 中提到的篮球和 Crackback 中 “He is a starter on a winning football team that is favored to win the match and have a chance to go to state.( 他是一个获胜的足球队的首发队员，这支球队很有可能赢得比赛并有机会晋级。 )” 提到的足球可知，这两本书与运动有关。故选 D 项。
8、 1 ． A
2 ． C
3 ． A
4 ． B
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了作者救助一只小猫头鹰，给它做新的窝，帮助它回到父母身边的故事。
1 ．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的 Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. 可知，救助受伤动物是令人心碎的，因为不知道救助的动物是否能活下去，也就是为救助动物而花费的努力可能会白费，这是不可避免的。故选 A 。
2 ．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的 She had found a young owl( 猫头鹰 ) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl 可知，有人给作者打电话是因为有只小猫头鹰掉在地上了，作者赶过去看看情况。文中并没有说小猫头鹰受伤了，作者只是过去看情况，所以 D 选项错误。故选 C 。
3 ．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的 I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down 可知，在作者把小猫头鹰放在窝里之后，它很快就安静下来，所以是窝让小猫头鹰安静下来的。故选 A 。
4 ．推理判断题。根据前文描述可知，作者为小猫头鹰做了窝，并且帮助它找回了它的父母。小猫头鹰的父母还为它带回了午餐。作者的救助成功了，说明结局是美好的。再结合第一段的 However, when it works, it is simply beautiful. 可推测，作者感觉很美好。故选 B 。
9、 1 ． D
2 ． D
3 ． B
4 ． A
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了几乎没有哪个国家的国旗上有紫色，引出紫色价格昂贵。然后分析紫色的发展，但在科学家的努力下，终于使紫色变得普通化和大众化。
1 ．
细节理解题。根据第二段第四句 “More than 10,000 snails were needed to create just one gram of purple; not to mention a lot of work went into producing the dye, which made purple dye so expensive.” （面料商人从地中海的提尔地区发现的小海螺得到了这种染料。仅仅制造一克紫色，就需要超过 10,000 只蜗牛。更不用说生产这种染料需要的大量工作。这让紫色价格昂贵）可知过去紫色很贵是因为紫色染料过去很稀有，很难生产。故选 D 项。
2 ．
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句 “Third century Roman …because it cost three times its weight in gold. A single pound of dye cost three pounds of gold, which equals 56,000 dollars today.” （罗马皇帝不允许妻子购买紫色丝绸制成的围巾，因为它的重量是黄金的三倍。一磅染料要花三磅金，今天就等于 56,000 美元）可知罗马皇帝 Aurelio 禁止他的妻子买紫色围巾是因为其昂贵的价格。故选 D 项。
3 ．
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段和最后一段， “Purple dye was then mass-produced so everybody could afford it.” （紫色现在被大量生产，每个人都可以负担的起）可知现在普通人也能买得起紫色染料了。故选 B 项。
4 ．
主旨大意题。根据第一段 “There are 195 countries in the world today but almost none of them have purple on their national flag…The answer is really quite simple. Purple was just for too expensive.” 可知，开篇讲 195 个国家几乎很少国旗上有紫色，引出紫色价格昂贵，然后分析紫色的发展。 A 项 “ 没有紫色的国旗 ” 概括文章主题又用反问句吸引读者，最适合作文章标题。故选 A 项。
【点睛】
阅读理解题的解题方法，首先，宏观浏览，掌握大意。不要困扰在个别词汇的翻译上。其次，读懂题干，带着问题再去微观细读。最后，分析句子，慎思明辨。阅读理解题之细节理解解题要注意： 1. 排除干扰项，突出主题。 2. 按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关信息，预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。 3. 将注意力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速浏览，发现细节，放慢速度，仔细核对比较，直到找到正确答案。
10、 1 ． B
2 ． A
3 ． D
4 ． C
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了莎士比亚时期剧院的特点，以及莎士比亚时期剧院和现今剧院的不同之处。
1 ．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容 “They thought it had a bad influence on people and kept them from going to church.( 他们认为这对人们有不好的影响，阻止他们去教堂 )” 可知，当权者禁止人们去剧院是因为他们认为剧院对人们有坏的影响。故选 B 项。
2 ．
词义猜测题。分析可知， “or” 为并列连词，划线单词所在短语 “open arenas” 应是与后文 “playhouses that had room for up to three thousand people( 可容纳三千人的剧场 )” 为近义表达，即，可以容纳很多人的开阔表演场地，由此可推知， “arenas” 应是 “ 表演场地 ” 或 “ 舞台 ” 含义。故选 A 项。
3 ．
细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容 “Actors had to do everything themselves — from making costumes to setting the stage. Plays were organized by acting companies. They performed about 6 different plays each week because they needed money to survive. They had almost no time to rehearse.( 演员们从制作服装到设置舞台，一切都得靠自己。戏剧是由表演公司组织的。他们每周演出 6 出不同的戏，因为他们需要钱来维持生计。他们几乎没有时间排练 )” 可知，当时的演员除了表演还要做很多其他的工作，每周演出比较多，以致于忙到没有时间排练。故选 D 项。
4 ．
推理判断题。通读文章可知，文章首句揭示了本文的话题 “The theatre in Shakespeare’s time was much different than it is today.( 莎士比亚时代的剧院与今天大不相同 )” ，并在后文段落详细讲述了莎士比亚时代的戏剧表演的情况和当时演员的状况，由此可推知，文章的写作目的在于介绍莎士比亚时代的剧院。故选 C 项。
二、完型填空
1、 1 ． A
2 ． D
3 ． C
4 ． D
5 ． C
6 ． C
7 ． B
8 ． C
9 ． B
1 0 ． A
1 1 ． C
1 2 ． B
1 3 ． C
1 4 ． D
1 5 ． A
【分析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议。生来就看不见的 Jackson 先生在街上摆了一个水果摊，多年以来生意一直很好。动完手术以后他可以看见了，却因为担心激烈竞争最后生意失败了。这个故事告诉我们只需要关注我们自己的事业，不要过多担心竞争。
【详解】
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在一条非常繁忙的街道上拥有一个水果摊。 A. stand 摊位； B. company 公司； C. store 商店； D. center 中心。根据下文 “I really want to see my beautiful 6 on my stand!” 可知此处指他拥有一个水果摊。故选 A 。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他什么也看不见，只能摸他够得着的东西。 A. remember 记得； B. describe 描述； C. imagine 想象； D. feel 触摸，感觉；根据上文 “He could see nothing” 可知因为视力残疾，他什么也看不见，只能触摸够得着的东西。故选 D 。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他兴奋地告诉 Jackson 先生，他在报纸上看到一位医生可以给他的眼睛动手术，让他看东西。 A. pride 骄傲；自豪； B. doubt 怀疑； C. excitement 兴奋，激动； D. surprise 惊讶；根据下文 “operate on his eyes and allow him to see” 可知有医生可以给 Mr. Jackson 动手术让他看见东西，因此儿子非常激动地告诉他这个好消息。故选 C 。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：父子二人找到了医生并支付了手术的费用。 A. information 信息； B. medicine 药物； C. service 服务； D. operation 手术；根据上文可知儿子得知有医生可以给父亲动手术，于是父子二人找到了医生支付了手术的费用，故选 D 。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：手术后，医生问 Jackson 先生： “ 当我打开绷带的时候，你最渴望看到什么？ ”A. nervous 紧张的； B. lucky 幸运的； C. eager 急切的，渴望的； D. afraid 害怕的。以前一直看不见东西，手术重见光明后，医生问他术后他最渴望看到什么。故选 C 。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他回答说 : “ 我真的很想看到我的货摊上美丽的水果 ! ”A.flowers 鲜花； B. vegetables 蔬菜； C.fruit 水果； D.clothing 服装。 根据第一空 “He owned a fruit ___1___ on a very busy street.” 可知他在大街上卖水果，经常和各种水果接触，所以他最想看见所卖的水果。故选 C 。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生和他的儿子陪着他来到他已经摆放多年的水果摊所在的大街上。 A. sent 派遣； B. accompanied 陪伴； C. followed 跟随； D. invited 邀请。刚刚经历大手术，还没有揭开绷带，所以医生和他的儿子陪着他来到他的水果摊所在的大街上，故选 B 。
8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：医生小心翼翼地揭开绷带，以便于他能够看到那些水果。 A. suddenly 突然； B. curiously 好奇地； C. carefully 小心地； D. firmly 坚定地；根据下文 “unwrapped the bandages so that he could lay his eyes on the beautiful fruit!” 可知此处指医生小心地揭开绷带。通常医生帮病人揭开绷带的时候都特别小心，以免粘连。故选 C 。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当 Jackson 先生看见自己的那些水果的时候，非常开心。 A. regret 遗憾； B. joy 快乐； C. courage 勇气； D. relief 轻松，减轻。根据下文 “he could finally see his life's work” 可知，自小就看不见周围的世界，现在可以看到了，他自然会十分开心。故选 B 。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：仔细欣赏自己的水果摊几个小时以后，他环顾街道两边，看到街道两边有相当多的水果摊。 A. enjoying 欣赏；享受； B. checking 核对； C. judging 判断； D. making 生产，制作；根据下文 “he looked down the street ” ，可知此处指终于看到了自己已经的水果摊，自然是仔细欣赏一番。故选 A 。
11. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他朝街对面望去，看到许多其他的水果摊。他花了那么多时间看别人的水果摊。他开始担心激烈的竞争。 A. preparing for 准备； B. focusing on 焦距，关注； C. worrying about 担忧；担心； D. taking up 占据，从事于。根据上文 “He looked across the street and saw many other fruit stands.” 可知他看见了很多其他的水果摊位，于是开始担心激烈的竞争会影响自己的生意。故选 C 。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快他的生意失败了。 A. improved 提高，改善； B. failed 失败； C. appeared 出现； D. expanded 扩张。根据下文 “From Mr. Jackson's failure” 可知，此处指很快他的生意失败了。故选 B 。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从 Jackson 先生的失败中我们可以知道每个人都是独特的个体，有着不同的指纹、 DNA 和思维方式。 A. simple 简单的； B. reliable 值得信赖的； C. unique 独特的； D. perfect 完美的。根据下文 “with different fingerprints,DNA and thinking” 可知，此处指每个人都是独特的，故选 C 。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们要做的是做我们自己同时允许其他人做他们自己。 A. force 强迫； B. require 要求； C. persuade 说服； D. allow 允许。因为每个人都是独特的，所以我们在做我们自己同时允许其他人做他们自己。故选 D 。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：管好我们自己的事，我们永远不应该害怕竞争。 A. competitions 竞争； B. changes 改变； C. differences 区别； D. disabilities 残疾。上文的故事中 Jackson 多年看不见，生意一直很好，视力恢复以后，却失败了。主要因为他内心害怕了，害怕激烈的竞争。故选 A 。
2、 1 ． A
2 ． C
3 ． A
4 ． A
5 ． A
6 ． B
7 ． C
8 ． B
9 ． A
10 ． C
11 ． D
12 ． B
13 ． D
14 ． C
15 ． B
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位河流守护者的重要作用。一位老人数年来清理河里的废物和淤泥，使这个城市的环境很美好。白天鹅在河里畅游，游客纷纷而至。结果，有人认为老人没用了，将他解雇。后来，河水被污染。人们再一次想到了那位老人。这个故事告诉我们：永远不要忽视一项小的任务、工作或者生活。它们可能起着重要作用。
1 ．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：老人安静而有规律地守卫着山丘，清除树叶和树枝，清理那些会阻塞和污染淡水流动的污垢。 A. regularly 定期地；有规律地； B. suddenly 突然地； C. naturally 自然地； D. actually 实际上。根据前文 “An old man had been working for many years for a town.( 一位老人为一个小镇工作了很多年。 )” 可知，老人已经工作多年，清理工作是日常的工作，有规律的。故选 A 项。
2 ．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老人安静而有规律地守卫着山丘，清除树叶和树枝，清理那些会阻塞和污染淡水流动的污垢。 A. cut 砍伐；切割； B. burned 燃烧； C. removed 清除；解除（职务）； D. selected 选择。结合语境可知，宾语 “the leaves and branches( 树叶和树枝 )” 应是指掉落的树叶和树枝，河道可能被枝叶堵塞，老人的清理动作应是将其清除。故选 C 项。
3 ．
考查介词词义辨析。句意：优雅的天鹅在清澈的河上漂浮，景色美得无法形容。 A. beyond 超过； B. with 和 …… 在一起；具有； C. in 在 …… 里； D. after 在 …… 之后。 “beyond words” ，固定短语， “ 无法用语言形容 ” 。故选 A 项。
4 ．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们审查预算时，一个人的眼睛瞥到了支付给很少见到的守河人的工资清单。 A. eye 眼睛； B. care 关爱；关心； C. hand 手； D. mind 头脑。根据后文动作 “caught sight of” 意为 “ 看到；瞥见 ” 可知，应是 “ 一个市议员的眼睛瞥见了 ……” 。故选 A 项。
5 ．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们审查预算时，一个人的眼睛瞥到了支付给很少见到的守河人的工资清单。 A. list 列表；清单； B. form 形式；表格； C. name 名字； D. account 账目。根据前文 “As they reviewed the budget( 在他们审查预算的时候 )” 可知，议员们在审核该市政府付给各个部门的工资单， “salary list” ，意为 “ 工资单 ” 。故选 A 项。
6 ．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们为什么继续雇用他？ A. promise 承诺；允诺； B. continue 继续；持续； C. stop 停止； D. tend 倾向；照料。根据后文 “they rehired the old keeper of the river again ( 他们又重新雇佣了老守河人 )” 可知，后文提到 “ 重新雇佣 ” ，由此可推知，在审查预算时，他们有了不想继续雇佣他的想法。故选 B 项。
7 ．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的职位已经没有必要了。 A. powerful 强大的； B. important 重要的； C. necessary 有必要的； D. suitable 合适的。根据前文 “For all we know, the strange keeper of the hills isn’t doing his job.( 据我们所知，这个奇怪的山丘守护者没有尽到他的职责。 )” 可知，在议员们看来，老人并没有尽职工作，这个职位已经没有必要了。故选 C 项。
8 ．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他们投票决定解雇这个人。 A. find 找到；认为； B. fire 解雇；开除； C. support 支持； D. forgot 忘记。根据前文 “His position isn’t ____7____ any longer.( 他的职位不再有必要了。 )” 可知，议员们认为老人的工作已经没有必要了，因此应是想要解雇他。故选 B 项。
9 ．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了初秋，树木开始落叶。 A. lose 丢失；失去； B. miss 错过；想念； C. fall 凋落；落下； D. grow 成长；种植。根据时间状语 “By early autumn( 初秋 )” 可知，树叶开始凋落 , 而句子主语为 “the trees( 树 )” ，应是树 “ 失去 ” 了树叶。故选 A 项。
10 ．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：小树枝折断落在山池里，减缓了波光粼粼的水流。 A. pulling 拉；拽； B. speeding 加速；促进； C. slowing 减缓；使慢下来； D. pushing 推。根据前文 “Small branches broke off and fell into the pools of the hills( 小树枝断了，掉进了山间的池塘里 )” 可知，小树枝掉进池塘里会阻碍水流，使其变慢。故选 C 项。
11 ．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几天后，水变得更黑了。 A. deeper 更深； B. cooler 更凉； C. warmer 更温暖； D. darker 更黑的；更深的。根据前文 “One afternoon, someone noticed a slight yellowish-brown color in the river.( 一天下午，有人注意到河里有一种轻微的黄褐色。 )” 可知，池塘的水受到了污染，由此可推知，水会由黄褐色会变成黑色。故选 D 项。
12 ．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：又过了一个星期，一种油腻的东西覆盖了河岸的部分水域，不久就闻到一种难闻的气味。 A. sound 声音； B. smell 气味； C. wave 海浪； D. taste 味道。根据前文 “Within another week, an oily something covered some sections of the water along the banks( 又过了一周，一种油腻的东西覆盖了河岸的部分水域 )” 可知，水受到了污染，应是有难闻的气味。故选 B 项。
13 ．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：天鹅离开了，游客们也离开了。 A. managers 经理； B. passengers 乘客； C. villagers 村民； D. tourists 游客。与后文 “Swans and tourists came back again( 天鹅和游客又回来了 )” 中 “tourists” 相呼应，此空应是 D 项 “tourists” ，水受到了污染，天鹅和游客都离开了。故选 D 项。
14 ．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：意识到自己判断上的巨大错误，他们又重新雇佣了河的老管理员，几周后，河水开始好转。 A. disagreement 不同意；分歧； B. improvement 改善；提高； C. judgement 判断力；评价； D. amusement 娱乐；乐趣。根据前文 “For all we know, the strange keeper of the hills isn’t doing his job. His position isn’t  ____7____  any longer.( 据我们所知，这个奇怪的山丘看守人并没有做好他的工作。他的职位已经没有必要了。 )” 可知，议员们在对老人的工作方面作出错误的评判，解雇老人，以致出现了 “ 危机 ” 。故选 C 项。
15 ．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们都可能产生影响。 A. suggestion 建议； B. difference 不同；区别； C. progress 进步； D. decision 决定。 “make a difference” ，固定短语，意为 “ 有影响；起作用 ” 。故选 B 项。
四、作文
1、 Dear Peter,
I'm so glad to hear from you! Knowing that you're interested in our poverty relief project, I'm willing to give you a brief account of its current development.
Thanks to the poverty relief policy, the past few years have witnessed great improvement in people's living conditions. By now, more than 700 million people have been lifted out of poverty, which shows the efficiency and practicality of its strategies. In the process, education and professional training have played an important role. From my perspective, I'm amazed at and proud of the great achievement brought about by poverty relief work, which is bound to make China more harmonious and prosperous.
If you want to know more about it, I am at your service all the time. Look forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友 Peter 发邮件，讲述中国在扶贫 (poverty relief) 方面取得巨大成就。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
对 …… 感兴趣： develop an interest in →be interested in
渴望： be eager to → be willing to
说明，描述： description →account
见证： see/view →witness
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： Thanks to the poverty relief policy, the past few years have witnessed great improvement in people's living conditions.
拓展句： Thanks to the poverty relief policy, which surely promotes the development of local economy, the past few years have witnessed great improvement in people's living conditions.
【点睛】
[ 高分句型 1]
By now, more than 700 million people have been lifted out of poverty, which shows the efficiency and practicality of its strategies. （运用了 which 引导的非限制性定语从句）
[ 高分句型 2]
I'm amazed at and proud of the great achievement brought about by poverty relief work, which is bound to make China more harmonious and prosperous. （运用了过去分词作后置定语以及 which 引导的非限制性定语从句）
2、 参考范文
Dear Librarian,
I can't wait to read original English books and magazines in our own school library. I also have several suggestions.
Firstly, in addition to classics, the library should bring in some popular books. Magazines like National Geographic are easy to read with a lot of pictures. Students will surely like them.
What's more, some regular activities like book review competition, English drama and story sharing might be helpful to inspire the students to read and share.
Finally, I hope the library can be open at 17:00—17:40 on weekdays.
I will be grateful if you would consider my recommendations. Wish English reading more and more popular in our school.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给图书管理员写一封建议信，在阅读书目，举办活动和开放时间方面给与建议，以使大家更好地利用外文图书室的资源。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
建议： advice→suggestion/recommendation
而且： besides→what’s more
比赛： contest→competition
好的 / 有帮助的： good→helpful
鼓励： encourage→inspire
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句： Magazines like National Geographic are easy to read with a lot of pictures. Students will surely like them.
拓展句： Magazines like National Geographic are easy to read with a lot of pictures, which students will surely like.
【点睛】
[ 高分句型 1] Finally, I hope the library can be open at 17:00—17:40 on weekdays. ( 最后，我希望图书馆能在工作日 17:00—17:40 开放。 )
该句中 “the library can be open at 17:00—17:40 on weekdays” 为省略连接词 that 的宾语从句。
[ 高分句型 2] I will be grateful if you would consider my recommendations. ( 如果您能考虑我的建议，我将不胜感激。 )
该句中 if 引导条件状语从句。
五、书面表达
1、 Version 1
With his eyes fixed on Peter’s pocket, he wondered what Peter would do. Watching Shirley’s smile fading away, Peter frowned. After a while, he seemed to make up his mind. He took out all the shells from his pocket, giving them to the shopkeeper, who took them and started to count as if he had been counting the money. Then he looked at Peter. Peter asked him, “Is it enough now?” The shopkeeper replied, “These are more than the cost.” Saying so, he kept only two shells and returned the remaining and the money. Peter put those shells back into his pocket very happily, leaving with Shirley holding the doll tightly.
Seeing Peter leaving happily with his sister holding the doll tightly, an assistant in that shop got surprised. He asked the shopkeeper, “Sir! You only charge them for 2 shells?!” The shopkeeper said with a smile, “For us these are shells, but for the boy they are treasures. His love for his sister is the most precious.” Watching the lovely kids until they were out of sight, he continued, “When he grows up, he will remember he purchased a doll for his sister with the shells from a shopkeeper. He will cherish love and warmth in life--cherish every little shining sea shell in his heart.” （ 196 词）
Version 2
With his eyes fixed on Peter’s pocket, he wondered what Peter would do. Hesitantly taking out the treasured sea shells in his pockets, Peter asked in a low voice, “Sir, can these help cover the cost?” Watching the 5-year- old carefully lay down all his shining shells on the counter, the man was somewhat touched, but he just pretended to be counting the shells seriously, “Let me see, one, two…Ok. The shells are just enough. You can take the doll and save the money”. Hearing this, Peter felt truly amazed and thanked the shopkeeper, who actually wanted to thank the two little kids, especially when he saw a big smile quickly spread over the little girl’s innocent face. They said goodbye and left happily with the doll.
Seeing Peter leaving happily with his sister holding the doll tightly, an assistant in that shop got surprised. Since his boss had been in such a low mood recently that he seldom wore any smile and talked much. When the shopkeeper turned around and noticed the assistant’s surprised look, he said smilingly, “lovely kids, aren’t they? When I see the little boy is willing to take all he has to buy a doll for his lovely sister, it really warms my heart.” The assistant replied thoughtfully, “When he grows up, he will remember he purchased a doll for his sister with the shells from a shopkeeper, which will surely warm his heart, too.” （ 209 词）
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个以贝壳为宝物的小男孩与妹妹逛商场，妹妹渴望得到洋娃娃，但没有足够钱的故事。
【详解】
1. 段落续写：
① 由第一段首句内容 “ 他的眼睛盯着彼得的口袋，不知道彼得会怎么做。 ” 可知，第一段可描写 Peter 将自己宝贵的贝壳拿出来给妹妹买了洋娃娃。
② 由第二段首句内容 “ 看到彼得带着妹妹紧紧地抱着洋娃娃高兴地走了，那家商店的一个售货员很惊讶。 ” 可知，第二段可描写店主解释想要帮助 Peter 的原因。
2. 续写线索：掏出贝壳 —— 留下贝壳 —— 高兴离开 —— 店员惊讶 —— 店主解释
3. 词汇激活
行为类
① 掏出贝壳： take out shells/pull out shells
② 数钱： count money/tell over money
③ 珍惜： cherish/treasure
情绪类
① 下定决心： make up one’s mind/be determined to
② 高兴： be glad/happy/cheerful
③ 惊讶： be amazed/surprised
【点睛】
[ 高分句型 1].He took out all the shells from his pocket, giving them to the shopkeeper, who took them and started to count as if he had been counting the money. （由关系代词 who 引导非限制性定语从句修饰 the shopkeeper ）
[ 高分句型 2].Peter put those shells back into his pocket very happily, leaving with Shirley holding the doll tightly. （现在分词作伴随状语）
[ 高分句型 3].When he grows up, he will remember he purchased a doll for his sister with the shells from a shopkeeper. （ when 引导的时间状语从句）
2、 Paragraph 1:
Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead. Refusing to give up at this point, he jumped to his feet and ran as fast as he could. He dashed across the finishing line and won the fourth prize. Thinking he would let her sister down. Ali couldn’t help sobbing. Just then he suddenly heard the announcement from the broadcast that he won the third prize as the runner who collided with Ali was disqualified for breaking the rule. Holding the shoes close to his chest during the award ceremony, Ali felt overjoyed and relieved as he eventually won the shoes for his sister.
Paragraph 2
Filled with pleasure, Ali walked home quickly. He could not wait to see his sister and share the good news. “Zahra, see what I have got for you.” Ali said excitedly, taking the prize out of his bag with his trembling hands. So thrilled was she that she threw herself at Ali. “Thank you! Ali.” Tears of joy welled up in their eyes as the brother and the sister hugged tightly together.
【分析】
本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】
通过阅读所给文章可知，文章讲述了发生在两兄妹之间的故事。哥哥 Ali 和妹妹 Zahra 家境穷苦，数月未能交上房租。 Ali 在帮妹妹 Zahra 修鞋时将妹妹的鞋子弄丢了，两人只好分享同一双鞋上学，哥哥要在学校之间不断奔跑才能将鞋换给妹妹 Zahra ，但往往会由于 Ali 经常迟到，妹妹 Zahra 会受到学校的警告。一次跑步比赛的三等奖鞋子吸引了 Ali ，他决定参加比赛为妹妹 Zahra 赢得这双鞋。比赛中，尽管疲惫和腿疼，他坚持到终点，却被另一名跑步者撞倒在地。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是： Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead. (Ali 抬起头，看到其他的男孩在前面冲。 ) 所以应该写 Ali 没有放弃，继续跑到终点，但由于摔倒过，应是没能如愿得到第三名；但前文 “Suddenly, as the finish line drew near, another runner collided with Ali from behind and he crashed to the ground.( 当终点线临近时，另一名选手从后面与 Ali 阿里相撞， Ali 摔倒在地。 )” 已经埋下伏笔 “ 男孩犯规，失去资格 ” ，而在本段描写 Ali 还是能获得三等奖，同时讲述他的欣喜感受；第二段开头是 Filled with pleasure, Ali walked home quickly. (Ali 满心欢喜，快步走回家。 ) 本段应该写哥哥 Ali 回到家中，将鞋子送给妹妹，妹妹满心欢喜，两兄妹相拥。
按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】
本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：
1. 高级词汇： give up; dash across; let sb. down; couldn’t help doing; collide with; could not wait to do; throw oneself at sb.; well up
2. 高级句式：
Refusing to give up at this point, he jumped to his feet and ran as fast as he could. 他不愿就此放弃，一跃而起，以最快的速度跑了起来。 (“Refusing to give up at this point” 为现在分词作原因状语 )
Just then he suddenly heard the announcement from the broadcast that he won the third prize as the runner who collided with Ali was disqualified for breaking the rule. 就在这时，他突然听到广播里宣布他获得了三等奖，因为与阿里相撞的那个运动员因违反规定被取消了比赛资格。 ( that 引导宾语从句，且宾语从句中 who 引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词 the runner)
So thrilled was she that she threw herself at Ali. 她太激动了，扑向 Ali 。 (so… that 结果状语从句；且 “So+adj” 置于句首，主句为完全倒装句式 )
六、阅读填空
1、 1 ． by
2 ． a
3 ． What
4 ． irreplaceable
5 ． has disappeared
6 ． As
7 ． extinction
8 ． are left
9 ． to damage
10 ． highly
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人类活动对亚马逊雨林所造成的破坏和影响，说明我们要共同努力来保护它。
【详解】
1. 考查介词。句意：它通过固定碳和生产超过 20% 的地球氧气，为地球注入生命。结合句意，此处表示 “ 以 …… 方式 ” 。故填 by 。
2. 考查冠词。句意：此外，亚马孙雨林是许多物种的宝库。 house“ 房子 ” 为可数名词， treasure 的首个音素为辅音音素，所以此处要用不定冠词 a 。故填 a 。
3. 考查名词性从句连接代词。句意：最让我们惊讶的是，世界上十分之一的已知物种可以在那里找到。分析可知， 3 surprises us most 在句中为主语从句且设空处在从句中作主语，结合句意，空白处的内容指 that 从句，所以应用连接代词 what 。故填 What 。
4. 考查形容词。句意：然而对于这些不可替代的植物和动物来说，还有一个主要的危险 : 我们。结合句意，此处意思应为 “ 不可取代的 ” ，所以填 irreplaceable ，故填 irreplaceable 。
5. 考查时态。句意：在过去 50 年中，由于农业和畜牧业等人类活动，约 17% 的雨林已经消失。根据句中时间状语 over the past 50 years 可知，此处的时态要用现在完成时。设空前的主语为 rainforest ，所以填 has disappeared 。故填 has disappeared 。
6. 考查状语从句的引导词。句意：随着人类活动的影响继续增加，濒临灭绝的物种名单变得越来越长，我们留下了一个问题 : 我们能承受损害 “ 地球的肺 ” 吗？分析可知，逗号前的内容为方式状语从句，空白处的意思为 “ 随着 ” ， as“ 随着 ” 为连接词，故填 As 。
7. 考查名词。句意同上。 in danger of“ 有 …… 的危险 ” ， of 为介词，所以其后用名词。 extinction“ 灭绝 ” 为名词，故填 extinction 。
8. 考查时态和语态。句意同上。结合前文 “continues to grow ” 可知，此处的时态要用一般现在时；句子主语 we 与 leave 的关系为动宾关系，所以 leave 要用被动。故填 are left 。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。固定短语 afford to do sth. ，意为 “ 担负的起做某事 ” ，结合设空前 afford ，所以此处要用不定式。故填 to damage 。
10. 考查副词。句意：建议我们共同努力保护它。设空后为动词 recommended ，所以此处要用副词来修饰动词。故填 highly 。
2、 1 ． known
2 ． breathes
3 ． producing
4 ． Moreover / Besides/Also/Likewise
5 ． that/which
6 ． irreplaceable
7 ． has disappeared
8 ． As
9 ． extinction
10 ． to damage
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了被称为 “ 地球之肺 ” 的亚马逊雨林对地球和人类的重要作用，但是随着人类的活动，雨林在减少，物种在灭绝，令人不禁思考，我们是否能承担起破坏 “ 地球的肺 ” 的代价。
1 ．
考查非谓语。句意：亚马逊雨林，通常被称为 “ 地球的肺 ” ，通过固定碳和产生地球上超过 20% 的氧气向地球呼吸生命。分析可知， “____1___ (know) as the ‘lungs of the planet’” 为状语，所填动词应是非谓语形式。动词 “know( 知道 )” 与主语 “The Amazon rainforest” 之间为被动关系，应是过去分词形式。故填 known 。
2 ．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：亚马逊雨林，通常被称为 “ 地球的肺 ” ，通过固定碳和产生地球上超过 20% 的氧气向地球呼吸生命。分析可知，所填空为句子谓语，结合语境可知，应是一般现在时，主语 “The Amazon rainforest” 为第三人称单数，所填动词应用第三人称单数。故填 breathes 。
3 ．
考查动名词。句意：亚马逊雨林，通常被称为 “ 地球的肺 ” ，通过固定碳和产生地球上超过 20% 的氧气向地球呼吸生命。分析可知， “and” 表达并列关系，因此所填空应是动名词形式，与前文 “fixing carbon” 并列作介词 “by” 的宾语。故填 producing 。
4 ．
考查副词。句意：此外，亚马逊雨林是一个物种的宝库，可以用于食物或药物。分析可知，所填空应是副词作状语，前文 “The Amazon rainforest, often ____1____ (know) as the “lungs of the planet”, ____2____ (breathe) life into the planet by fixing carbon and ____3____ (produce) over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen.( 亚马逊雨林，通常被称为 “ 地球的肺 ” ，通过固定碳和产生地球上超过 20% 的氧气向地球呼吸生命。 )” 与后文 “the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species ____5 ___ can be used for food or medicine.( 亚马逊雨林是一个物种的宝库，可以用于食物或药物。 )” 之间为递进关系，可用表达递进关系的副词 moreover( 而且 )/besides( 而且 )/also( 也 )/likewise( 同样地；也 ) 。故填 Moreover/Besides/Also/Likewise 。
5 ．
考查定语从句引导词。句意：此外，亚马逊雨林是一个物种的宝库，可以用于食物或药物。分析可知， “____5 ___ can be used for food or medicine” 为之前名词 “species” 的定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 that/which 作为引导词。故填 that/which 。
6 ．
考查形容词。句意：然而，对这些不可替代的植物和动物来说，有一个主要的危险：我们。分析可知，所填空应是形容词作定语修饰空后名词 “plants and animals” ， “replace” ，动词，意为 “ 取代；代替 ” ，其形容词有 “replaceable( 可替换的 )” 和 “irreplaceable( 不可取代的 )” ，结合语境可知，应是 “irreplaceable( 不可取代的 )” 。故填 irreplaceable 。
7 ．
考查时态。句意：在过去的 50 年里，由于农业和畜牧业等人类活动，大约 17% 的雨林消失了。分析可知，所填空应是句子谓语动词，结合时间状语 “Over the past 50 years” 可知，应是现在完成时，主语 “about 17 per cent of the rainforest” 为第三人称单数，应用 “has done” 。且根据后文原因 “due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming( 由于人类活动，如农业和畜牧业 )” 可知，谓语动词应是 “ 消失 ” 含义。 “appear” ，动词， “ 出现 ” ，其反义词为 “disappear” 。故填 has disappeared 。
8 ．
考查连词。句意：随着人类活动的影响持续增长，濒临灭绝的物种名单越来越长，我们留下了一个问题：我们能承受破坏 “ 地球的肺 ” 的代价吗？分析可知， “the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of ____9 ___ (extinct) becomes longer( 人类活动的影响持续增长，濒临灭绝的物种名单越来越长 )” 为时间状语从句，且强调 “ 随着 ” 含义，应是连词 “as” 。故填 As 。
9 ．
考查名词。句意：随着人类活动的影响持续增长，濒临灭绝的物种名单越来越长，我们留下了一个问题：我们能承受破坏 “ 地球的肺 ” 的代价吗？空前 “of” 为介词，所填空应是名词。 “extinct” ，形容词，意为 “ 灭绝的 ” ，其名词形式为 “extinction( 灭绝 )” ，不可数名词。故填 extinction 。
10 ．
考查动词不定式。句意：随着人类活动的影响持续增长，濒临灭绝的物种名单越来越长，我们留下了一个问题：我们能承受破坏 “ 地球的肺 ” 的代价吗？ “afford to do sth” ，固定短语，意为 “ 有能力做某事 ” 。故填 to damage 。