2021届高三高考英语一轮复习语法专练 专题02 名词专练(二)(解析版)
展开2021 高考英语一轮复习语法考点名词专练(二)
解析版
一、基础达标测试(本题共 20 小题,每题 1 分,共 20 分)
1.At sme pint we need t make sure that ur expectatins are the same as ther family ________ (member) expectatins.
【答案】members'
【解析】考查名词所有格。句意:在某些时候,我们需要确保我们的期望和其他家庭成员的期望是一样的。设空处应用名词所有格,作 expectatins 的定语;又因空前有 ther,应用 member 的复数形式的所有格members'。故填 members'.
2.The success f ur plan rests n yur ________ (cperate).
【答案】cperatin
【解析】句意:我们计划的成功取决于你们的合作。分析句子可知,物主代词 yur 后接名词。cperate 合作,动词,其名词为 cperatin,故填 cperatin.
3.We appreciated his ______ (devte) f time and mney t the prject.
【答案】devtin
【解析】考查名词。句意:我们感谢他为这个项目投入的时间和金钱。此处有形容词性物主代词 his,后面
修饰名词,故填 devte 的名词形式,devtin。故填 devtin.
4.The team was becming weaker and weaker because f his _________ (relax) in the match.
【答案】relaxatin
【解析】考查名词。句意:因为在比赛中的放松,这个队变得越来越弱。 形容词性物主代词 his 后加名词,
relaxatin 放松,名词,故填 relaxatin.
5.After the meeting, the chairman asked him t explain his ________ (absent).
【答案】absence
【解析】句意:会议结束后,主席请他解释他缺席的原因。absent 缺席的,形容词,根据前面的形容词性物主代词 his 可知,此处其名词形式 absence。故填 absence.
6.The Nbel Prize in Physics went t a Japanese and a Canadian scientist, fr their ________ (discver) f neutrin scillatin (中微子振荡).
【答案】discvery
【解析】句意:一位日本科学家和一位加拿大科学家获得了诺贝尔物理学奖,因为他们发现了中微子振荡
现象。前面是形容词性物主代词,后面跟名词,且根据提示词可知,该空表示的是“发现”,故填 discvery.
7.We all have an ________(expect) that he can pass the driving test next week.
【答案】expectatin
【解析】考查名词。句意:我们都期待着他下周能通过驾照考试。本空要使用名词做宾语,名词 expectatin“期
盼”是可数名词,根据 an 可知,使用单数形式,故填 expectatin.
8.We had n ______ (hesitate) in helping the sufferers when the terrible earthquake hit the cuntry.
【答案】hesitatin
【解析】考查名词和固定搭配。句意:当可怕的地震袭击这个国家时,我们毫不犹豫地帮助灾民。have n
hesitatin in ding sth.毫不犹豫地做某事,固定搭配。故填 hesitatin.
9.We hpe fr a lasting__________(settle) f all these trubles.
【答案】settlement
【解析】考查可数名词。句意:我们希望所有这些问题都能得到持久解决。根据语境中的不定冠词 a 可知,
本空填写可数名词的单数形式 settlement“解决”,在句中作介词 fr 的宾语,故填 settlement.
10.With internatinal jint effrts, hpefully we can make a difference in helping rid Africans f _________(starve) and pverty.
【答案】starvatin
【解析】考查名词。介词 f 后要用名词作宾语,starve 的名词是 starvatin,此处和 pverty 并列,结合语境,使用其单数形式。故填 starvatin.
11.Men and wmen must be treated equally in educatin and______(emply).
【答案】emplyment
【解析】考查名词。由句子结构可知,空处需用名词做介词 in 的宾语;emply 的名词为 emplyment“雇用、就业”不可数。故填 emplyment.
12.She is suffering frm severe mrning _____________ (sick).
【答案】sickness
【解析】考查词性的变化。句意:他患有严重的晨吐。空格前有形容词 severe 修饰名词,形容词 sick 的名
词形式在词尾加 ness,故填 sickness.
13.The millinaires are nly a___________ (minr), but mst peple live miserably.
【答案】minrity
【解析】考查可数名词的单数形式。句意:百万富翁只是少数,但大多数人生活地悲惨。根据语境中的不定冠词 a 可知,本空填写可数名词的单数形式 minrity“少数”,在句中作表语,故填 minrity.
14.We were fighting fr _______ (survive), prtecting and prviding fr thse we lved.
【答案】survival
【解析】考查名词。根据句子分析可知,本空要使用名词做介词 fr 的宾语,survive 的名词是 survival“生存”,
是不可数名词,故填 survival.
15.She lked at us in ________ (amaze).
【答案】amazement
【解析】考查名词和固定短语。根据句子分析可知,介词 in 后要使用名词做宾语,amaze 的名词是
amazement“惊奇”,不可数,in amazement 惊讶地,固定短语。故填 amazement.
16.T his ________(悲伤), his belved pet dg died in a traffic accident.
【答案】srrw
【解析】考查名词。句意:让他感到伤心的是,他心爱的宠物狗在一场交通事故中去世了。根据汉语意思可知,悲伤 srrw,在句子中做宾语,故填 srrw.
17.The prfessr expressed his ________ (satisfy) with the result f the experiment.
【答案】satisfactin
【解析】考查名词。分析句子结构可知,此处需用名词作动词 expressed 的宾语。satisfactin,不可数名词,满意。故填 satisfactin.
18.With the_________(develp) f science and technlgy, the usage f artificial intelligence turns ut t be a reality.
【答案】develpment
【解析】考查名词。根据句子结构分析,前面有介词 with,后面接名词作宾语,With the develpment f science and technlgy 随着科技的发展,符合题意,故填 develpment.
19.Bys and girls, d bring yur _________ (partner) t take part in the party!
【答案】partners
【解析】句意:孩子们,一定要把你们的同伴带来参加聚会!结合句意及语境可知,此处应用名词复数形式,partner“同伴,舞伴”,是可数名词,故填 partners.
20.Althugh yu can find ________ (bargain) in Lndn, it's nt generally a cheap place t shp.
【答案】bargains
【解析】句意:虽然你会在伦敦找到便宜货,但它通常不是一个购物便宜的地方。句中 bargain 意为“便宜货”,是可数名词;根据句意可知,用其复数形式。故填 bargains.
二、真题实战演练(本题共 10 小题,每题 1.5 分,共 15 分)
(2017·高考全国卷Ⅰ) It was a ___________(relieve) and I came t a sudden stp just in the middle f the rad. 【答案】relief
【解析】考查词性变化。句意:很放松,我突然停在路中间。本题空格前有冠词 a,说明横线处需要名词形式,将动词 relieve 改成名词 relief,故填 relief.
2.(2016.高考全国卷 I)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place fr turists seeking the limestne muntain tps
and dark waters f the Li River that are pictured by artists in s many Chinese (painting). 【答案】paintings
【解析】考查名词。句意:在如此多的中国绘画中。painting 为可数名词,注意用复数形式。故填 paintings. 2. (2015.高考全国卷 II)In additin t their simple beauty, what makes the adbe dwellings admirable is their____________ (able) t “air cnditin” a huse withut using electric equipment.
【答案】ability
【解析】考查词性转换。句意:除了简单的美丽,使土坯住宅令人钦佩的是他们能够“空气条件”的房子,而不使用电气设备。their 是形容词性物主代词,修饰名词.故该空要填名词 ability.
(2015.高考福建卷)My secnd piece f ____________(advise) is simple. 【答案】advice
【解析】考查词性转换。句意:我的第二条建议很简单。短语“一条建议”翻译成 a piece f advice,需要将动
advise 改成名词形式 advice, 故填 advice.
5.(2015.高考福建卷)This is the easiest and best way t avid an argument. Just make an(aplgize),
and mve n.
【答案】aplgy
【解析】考查词性转换。句意:这是避免争论的最简单和最好的方法。 先道歉,然后继续。根据空格前面的短语 make an_____,可知需填入一个名词“道歉”,因而答案为 aplgy.
(2017·高考全国卷Ⅰ)The instructr kept repeating the_________(wrd),“Speed up!”“Slw dwn!”【答案】wrds
【解析】考查可数名词复数的变化。句意:教练不断重复这些话:“加快速度!”“慢点!”根据语境需要名词的复数形式,故填 wrds.
7.(2016·高考全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle tells me that the key t his success is(hnest).
【答案】hnesty
【解析】考查词性转换。句意:我叔叔告诉我,他成功的关键是诚实。根据语境,此处需要 hnest 的名词形式 hnesty,故填 hnesty.
(2016·高考全国卷Ⅱ)If we g n a trip abrad,we can braden ur view and gain knwledge we cannt get frm ____________(bk).
【答案】bks
【解析】考查可数名词复数的变化。句意:如果我们出国旅行,我们可以开阔视野,获得我们从书本中无法获得的知识。bk 为可数名词,此处泛指各种书籍,需要复数形式,故填 bks.
(2016· 高考浙江卷)When I was a very yung child ,my father created a regular practice I remember well a few________ (year) later.
【答案】years
【解析】考查可数名词复数的变化。句意:当我很小的时候,我父亲创造了一个定期的练习,几年后我依旧记得很清晰。a few 修饰可数名词复数, 故填 years.
10.My sccer cach retired several_________( week) later.
【答案】weeks
【解析】考查可数名词复数的变化。句意:我的足球教练几周后退休了。several 修饰可数名词复数,故填 weeks.
三、名词专项综合训练(本题共 10 小题,每题 1.5 分,共 15 分)
Chinese animated film Ne Zha has prved t be a big __1_____(win) in this summer's bx ffice.Undubtedly a dark hrse, this film is likely t lift up the Chinese film industry, which has experienced a slwdwn in the past several__2_____ (mnth). Lsely based n the Ming Dynasty nvel Fengshen Yanyi, the film is abut a mythlgical figure, Ne Zha, wh fights against unfair destiny. Brn with all kinds f unique____3____( pwer), Ne Zha finds himself as an _____4______(utside) hated and feared by lcal villagers. And the yung by must chse gd and evil (邪恶) in rder t break away frm the fate and becme ne f ______5_____( her). The mvie has been greeted with favrable_____6______( review) since it hit theaters, scring 8.7 ut f 10 n China's leading film rating platfrm Duban. "Ne Zha is a tp-quality Chinese hme-grwn ___7_______(animate) f recent years, thanks t its mature screenwriting, amazing visual effect as well as a unique style f_____8______
(entertain)," said a mvie critic. It is als said that the___9_______( succeed) f Ne Zha shws animated films inspired by Chinese mythlgy are a new trend. Accrding t the ____10____(distribute) f Ne Zha, the film will have English subtitles fr verseas markets.
1.【答案】winner
【解析】考查考查词性转换。句意:中国动画电影《哪吒》在今年夏天的票房中被证明是一个大赢家。a
big______,需要名词形式,故填 winner.
2.【答案】mnths
【解析】考查可数名词复数。句意:无疑是一匹黑马,这部电影很可能会提振中国电影业,中国电影业
在过去几个月内经历了放缓。空格前 several 修饰可数名词复数,故填 mnths.
3.【答案】pwers
【解析】考查可数名词复数。句意:哪吒出生的时候就具有各种独特的能力,他发现自己被当地村民当作
外人所憎恨和恐惧。空格前 all kinds f 修饰可数名词复数,故填 pwers.
4.【答案】utsider
【解析】考查考查词性转换。句意同上。横线前有提示词 an, 后面需要名词形式,故填 utsider.
5.【答案】heres
【解析】考查可数名词复数。句意:小男孩必须在善恶之间做出选择,以摆脱命运,成为一名英雄。ne
f 后接可数名词复数,故填 heres.
6.【答案】reviews
【解析】考查可数名词复数。句意:这部电影自上映以来一直受到好评,在中国领先的电影评级平台豆
瓣上,每 10 部电影中就有 8.7 分。根据语境,此处需要可数名词复数形式,故填 reviews.
7.【答案】animatin
【解析】考查考查词性转换。句意:电影《哪吒》是近年来中国本土最优质的动画片。动画片是名词,
需要将动词形式转化成名词, 故填 animatin.
8.【答案】entertainment
【解析】考查考查词性转换。空处与句子中的 screenwriting 和 effect 并列,故填名词 entertainment.
9.【答案】success
【解析】考查考查词性转换。句意:也有人说,电影《哪吒》的成功表明电影灵感来自中国神话是一个
新的趋势。the success f 表示 “的成功”, 故填 success.
10.【答案】distributr
【解析】考查考查词性转换。句意:根据哪吒的经销商介绍,这部电影将有海外市场的英文字幕。accrding
t 后需要接名词形式,故填 distributr.
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