2022届高考英语一轮复习讲义学案（新教材人教版）选择性必修第四册　Unit 3　Sea Exploration

这是一份2022届高考英语一轮复习讲义学案（新教材人教版）选择性必修第四册　Unit 3　Sea Exploration，共11页。


教材词汇要记牢
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
1．merchant n．商人；批发商adj.海上货运的
2．fleet n．舰队；机群；车队
3．behld vt.(beheld，beheld)看；看见
4．spice n．(调味)香料
5．maritime adj.海的；海运的；海事的
6．manned adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的
7．submersible n．潜水器；可潜船
8．capsule n．胶囊；太空舱
9．underwater adv.在水下 adj.水下的
10．cral n．珊瑚
11．migratin n．迁移；迁徙；移居
12．turnament n．锦标赛；联赛
13．directry n．名录；电话号码簿；(计算机文件或程序的)目录
14．lg vt.把……载入正式记录；记录 n．正式记录；日志；原木
15．laptp n．笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
16．explit vt.开发；利用；剥削
17．galln n．加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升)
18．marine adj.海的；海产的；海生的
19．Marc Pl 马可·波罗
20．Clumbus 哥伦布
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1．tale n．故事；叙述
2．negtiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商
3．league n．等级；水平；联合会；联赛
4．ryal adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的
5．withdraw vt.& vi.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离
6．channel n．航道；海峡；频道
7．bnd n．纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合
8．meanwhile adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下
9．tax vt.对……征税；使纳税n.税；税款
10．murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏n.谋杀；凶杀
11．arrest n．逮捕；拘留；中止vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
12．plitics n．政治；政治观点
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extensive adj.广阔的；大规模的；广泛的→extensin n．扩大；延伸
2．prfessin n．职业；行业→prfessinal adj.专业的；职业的→prfessr n．教授；教师；教员
3．mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物→mix vt.配制；混淆；使混合→mixed adj.混合的；人员混杂的
4．cverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→cver vt.包括；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖
5．applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏→applause n．鼓掌；掌声；喝彩
6．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的→merciless adj.残忍的；无慈悲心的
7．pssessin n．[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制→pssess vt.控制；使掌握；具有；迷住；拥有
8．ppnent n．反对者；对手；竞争者→ppse vt.反对；抵制→ppsed adj.反对的；截然不同的
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．set sail 起航；开航
2．in a league f ne’s wn 独领风骚
3．withdraw frm 退出；撤回
4．in hand 在手头；可供使用
5．press cnference 记者招待会；新闻发布会
高频词汇来助力
1．passive adj.被动的；消极的
2．passprt n．护照
3．pattern n．式样
4．plain adj.朴素的；简单的；普通的
5．pisnus adj.有毒的
6．prtable adj.手提的；便携式的
7．pstpne vt.使延期
8．precius adj.珍贵的
经典句式需悟通
1．China has invested billins in systems and services alng these rutes，which will help t greatly develp the whle area fr the benefit f future trade and cultural exchange.
中国已经在这些路线的系统和服务上投资了数十亿美元，这将有助于整个地区的大力发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。
2．Frm a scientific pint f view，there is an urgent need t study the Arctic in rder t understand climate change and its effects.
从科学的角度看，为了了解气候变化和它的影响，急需研究北极。
3．Hundreds f years n，and with the latest technlgy in hand，the need t trade and the desire t enhance relatinships will drive China t reach ut acrss the sea far int the future.
几百年过去了，在掌握最新技术的情况下，贸易的需要和加强关系的渴望将促使中国未来向海洋发展。
4．T truly understand ur planet，we must explre the ceans which cver mst f it.
为了充分理解我们的星球，我们必须探索覆盖大部分星球的海洋。
5．We need t understand what is happening t ur planet s that we can take actin.
我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，以便我们可以采取行动。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共9分)
1．merchant n．商人；批发商adj.海上货运的
2．behld vt.看；看见
3．spice n．(调味)香料
4．manned adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的
5．underwater adv.在水下adj.水下的
6．migratin n．迁移；迁徙；移居
7．laptp n．笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
8．explit vt.开发；利用；剥削
9．marine adj.海的；海产的；海生的
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共12分)
10．tale n．故事；叙述
11．negtiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商
12．league n．等级；水平；联合会；联赛
13．ryal adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的
14．withdraw vt.& vi.(使)撤回；撤离
15．channel n．航道；海峡；频道
16．bnd n．纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合
17．meanwhile adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下
18．tax vt.对……征税；使纳税n.税；税款
19．murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏n.谋杀；凶杀
20．arrest n．逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
21．plitics n．政治；政治观点
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共16分)
22．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extensive adj.广阔的；大规模的；广泛的→extensin n．扩大；延伸
23．prfessin n．职业；行业→prfessinal adj.专业的；职业的→prfessr n．教授；教师；教员
24．mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物→mix vt.配制；混淆；使混合→mixed adj.混合的；人员混杂的
25．cverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→cver vt.包括；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖
26．applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌vt.称赞；赞赏→applause n．鼓掌；掌声；喝彩
27．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的→merciless adj.残忍的；无慈悲心的
28．pssessin n．[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制→pssess vt.控制；使掌握；具有；迷住；拥有
29．ppnent n．反对者；对手；竞争者→ppse vt.反对；抵制→ppsed adj.反对的；截然不同的
Ⅳ.高频词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
30．passive adj.被动的；消极的
31．pattern n．式样
32．plain adj.朴素的；简单的；普通的
33．pisnus adj.有毒的
34．prtable adj.手提的；便携式的
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共8分)
35．set sail起航；开航
36．in a league f ne’s wn独领风骚
37．withdraw frm退出；撤回
38．in hand在手头；可供使用
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)
1．Dunn believes that peple wh reach ut t strangers feel a significantly greater sense f belnging，a bnd with thers.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
2．A lud nise began t appear during a shw，and t get rid f it，I had t change t anther channel and then change it back.
3．When he entered the hall，he saw all the peple standing there，applauding.
4．It is reprted that the plice have arrested the suspects f the accident.
5．As a successful businessman，he has already been in pssessin(拥有) f many luxuries.
6．The newsletter is a useful channel(渠道) f cmmunicatin between teachers and students.
7．The general stated that all freign frces wuld withdraw(撤退) as sn as the crisis ended.
8．They are negtiating(协商) a deal in the ffice，but neither is willing t make a cmprmise.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．The newspaper is prud f the depth f its cverage(cver) f internatinal affairs.
10．The brilliant prfessr is a dctr by prfessin，s he has much prfessinal knwledge in medicine.(prfessin)
11．He is in pssessin f three villas and he als pssesses three firms.(pssessin)
12．The tw ppnents were ppsed t each ther’s pinins.(ppse)
13．Actually，the milk tea which is lved by almst every child is a mixture(mix) f milk and tea.
14．The merciful king shwed mercy t the pr，wh in turn applauded the king.(mercy)
15．We walk alng the rad which extends(extend) t the river.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共20分)
16．上周，我们带领外国学生体验了正宗的茶文化，结果证明非常值得。
Last week，we tk the freign students t experience the authentic tea culture，which turned ut t be extremely rewarding.
17．急需做出改变以适应现在的情况。
There is an urgent need t make sme changes t adapt t the current situatins.
18．每天有如此多的家务要做，我感到身心疲惫。(with复合结构)
With s much husewrk t cmplete every day，I feel exhausted physically and mentally.
19．我给你写信是为了和你分享我对如何与父母友好相处的观点。
T share with yu my pinins n hw t get alng well with parents，I am writing t yu.
20．我对茶的传统制作过程做了详细的说明以便他们能更好地理解它。
I explained the traditinal prcedure f making tea in detail s that they culd better understand it.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
Trade and curisity have ften frmed the fundatin f mankind’s greatest (merchant) and explrers frm the East set sail frm east t west many years befre Clumbus first did.
In ancient times，silk frm China fund its way alng 2.what became knwn as the Silk Rad.A trading rute acrss the sea was als 3.extended(extend) alng the casts f the Indian Ocean，centred arund Ceyln.Here，merchants frm China and many ther places met t negtiate trade deals,4.which als led t mre awareness f each ther’s cultures.
Later，the Ming Dynasty sent seven large 5.fleets(fleet) t sail west n vyages f trade and the cmmand f Zheng He，they set sail frm the Suth China Sea acrss the Indian Ocean t the muth f the Red Sea，and then t the east cast f Africa.Althugh China 7.withdrew(withdraw) frm further expeditins after 1433，these land and sea rutes remained active channels between ther cultures fr centuries.
T reach ut acrss the sea 8.remains(remain) a strng desire tday.The aim f the Belt and Rad Initiative is t encurage cperatin and trade acrss the histric Silk Rad areas，and 9.strengthen(strength) the bnds between China and the rest f the wrld.The need t trade and the desire t enhance relatinships will drive China 10.t reach(reach) ut acrss the sea far int the future.
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Using Language部分
eq \x(galln，mercy，ppnent，pssessin，lg，murder，explit)
When it cmes t explring the sea，sme peple mean 1.expliting it.Sea explratin has caused many prblems and will cntinue t cause mre.In 2010，ver 200 millin 2.gallns f il were spilled int the sea，causing much pllutin.Althugh hunting whales and dlphins was banned in 1982，sme cuntries are still “3.murdering” these intelligent creatures withut may be cncerned，but explring the sea is imprtant fr human beings.Fr example，6.lgging new species will imprve ur understanding f life n the earth.All in all，the sea is hme t life，but nt human beings’ must explre it reasnably.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长；提供；伸展，展开
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)The bss said at the press cnference that he wuld extend(extend) his business t freign cuntries in the near future.
(2)Meanwhile，the cmpany says that the battery life can extend up t 40 hurs.
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/单句写作·背诵
(3)这些课程每周上一节课，每节课两小时，持续超过20周。
These curses are based n a weekly tw-hur class，extending ver a perid f twenty weeks.
(4)我对你及时而且慷慨的帮助表示由衷的感谢。
I extend my heartfelt gratitude fr yur timely and generus assistance.
mercy n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)I had mercy n Mary，wh had n alternative but t withdraw frm cllege t care fr her sick mther.
(2)The bss ften explits yung emplyees，that is，yung emplyees are at the mercy f the bss.
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)尽管Meredith一家不富裕，但他们同情穷人，总是在可能的时候愿意伸出援手。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
Althugh the Merediths weren’t well ff，they shwed mercy t/had mercy n/upn the pr and were always willing t extend a supprting hand whenever pssible.
pssessin n.[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He is a prgrammer by prfessin，s he takes pssessin f three laptps.
＝He is a prgrammer by prfessin，s he is in pssessin f three laptps.
＝He is a prgrammer by prfessin，s three laptps are in the pssessin f him.
再提能力——完美写作·词汇升级/完成句子·背诵
(2)(简单表达)Happiness is nt wishing fr what we dn’t have，but enjying what we wn.
(高级表达)Happiness is nt wishing fr what we dn’t have，but enjying what we pssess/take pssessin f/are in pssessin f.
(3)请记住只有拥有良好的心态你才有可能获得成功。
Please keep in mind that nly by pssessing a gd state f mind can yu be likely t attain success.(运用倒装句)
in hand在手头；可供使用
根据句意用hand短语的正确形式填空
(1)As an ld saying ges，“Success and failure always g hand in hand.”
(2)Having enugh data in hand，we can set ut t carry ut ur plan as scheduled.
(3)Yu’d better keep a dictinary clse at hand s that yu can lk up unfamiliar wrds in it.
(4)Even fr persnal letters，the merchant wuld rather use a cmputer than write by hand.
(5)On the ne hand，cmputers imprve the wrking efficiency；n the ther (hand)，they als bring abut sme new prblems.
s that引导目的状语从句
We need t understand what is happening t ur planet s that we can take actin.
我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，以便我们可以采取行动。
先练基础——请写出下列句子中黑体部分是目的状语从句还是结果状语从句
(1)I gt up early s that I culd catch the early bus.目的状语从句
(2)I gt up early s that I caught the early bus.结果状语从句
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)每个学生都会有不同的弱科和强科，所以他们应该互相学习，这样比起劣势来，他们就可以有更多的优势。
Every student may have different weak and strng subjects，s they shuld learn frm each ther s that/in rder that they can have mre advantages than disadvantages.
(4)请制订一个锻炼计划并坚持下去，这样你就能很快恢复健康。
Please cme up with a wrkut schedule and stick t it s that yu can get in shape sn.
(5)她比从前学习努力，因此她轻松地通过了考试。
She studied harder than befre s that she passed the exam with ease.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅰ.熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．I wanted t withdraw 4,000 dllars frm my bank accunt.提取(存款等)
2．The charming man arrested my attentin.吸引
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．The straightfrward prime minister extended(extend) his hand t the new minister f educatin at yesterday’s press cnference.
2．I take pssessin f three cars and I have the capacity t maintain them n a regular basis.
3．He desn’t have the freedm t chse what he likes，s I have mercy n/upn him.
4．I negtiated with ther spnsrs f the exhibitin abut hw t rganize it perfectly.
5．Fr sme reasn，I withdrew frm a handful f grand clubs and I will never jin them again.
6．In Australia，pen-air barbecues，bakeries，fast-fd jints and butcher shps arrested(arrest) my attentin.
7．He murdered(murder) a plitical leader，s he was put in prisn and lst his liberty frever.
8．With sme reference bks n bilgy in hand，I can refer t them whenever necessary.
9．Seeing a flck f strange-lking birds，she felt a strange mixture(mix) f excitement and fear.
10．Peple stayed silent，listened t me carefully and applauded(applaud) at the end.
Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力
(应用文之倡议书：共享单车)
1．由于有共享单车可使用，我们的学校生活变得越来越便利了。(with复合结构)
With shared bikes in hand，ur schl life has becme increasingly cnvenient.
2．但是许多学生把车子停在校园里，甚至上了私锁，这给下一批使用者造成不便。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
But many students park the bikes in ur campus and even put private lcks n them，which causes incnvenience t next users.
3．因此，急需改变这种不恰当的行为。(there is an urgent need t d sth.)
S there is an urgent need t change the imprper behavirs.
4．为了提高学生合理使用共享单车的意识，我们学校号召我们学生恰当使用共享单车。(t d作目的状语)
T raise students’ awareness f using shared bikes reasnably，ur schl calls n us students t use shared bikes prperly.
5.我们学生应该响应学校的号召以便每个人能够受益于这项服务。(s that)
We students shuld respnd t the call f ur schl s that everyne can benefit frm this service.
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：不定式)
eq \x(extend，lg，withdraw，negtiate，set sail)
The Ming Dynasty desired t strengthen the bnds with sme western cuntries and in 1405 seven large fleets under the cmmand f Zheng He 1.set sail frm the Suth China Sea.They sailed acrss the Indian Ocean t the east cast f Africa，alng the marine channels which had been 2.extended by the frmer merchants and explrers.They tk gld，silk and spices t the African ryal families and 3.negtiated trade deals with them.Meanwhile，with advanced weapns in hand，they had mercy n rather than explited，murdered r arrested the peple in ther cuntries，wh in turn applauded them.They als 4.lgged many tales that had happened alng the way.Althugh China 5.withdrew frm further expeditins after 1433，these fleets were a sight t behld and were in a league f their wn at that time.
练基础——请写出黑体部分在句子中所作的成分
1．It’s very imprtant t master a freign language.主语
2．The mst imprtant thing fr a dctr is t heal the wunded and save the dying.表语
3．Wuld yu like t watch a ftball game with me？宾语
4．All f us have a lt f wrk t d n weekends.定语
5．Many peple rush t the new city t lk fr jb pprtunities.状语
6．Miss Li advised us t read sme English nvels during the summer hliday.补语
提能力——微写作
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话
我给你写这封邮件是想邀请你参加将于周五下午三点在学校报告厅举行的汉语演讲比赛。比赛的目的是激起外国友人对汉语的兴趣。为了取得好成绩，你最好提前准备。
(应用文之邀请信)
I am writing this e-mail t invite yu t take part in the Chinese speech cntest t be held at 3 p．m.n Friday afternn in ur lecture hall.The purpse f the cntest is t aruse freign friends’ interest in Chinese.T get a gd result，yu had better prepare fr it in advance.•提供；给予
extend t延长到
extend by延长了
•extensive adj.广阔的；大规模的；广泛的
extensin n．延长；扩大
•shw mercy t对……怜悯/宽恕
have mercy n/upn对……怜悯/宽恕
withut mercy残忍地；毫无同情地
at the mercy f...任由……摆布
•merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的
merciless adj.残忍的；无慈悲心的
•take pssessin f (表动作)占有；拥有
in pssessin f (表状态)具有；拥有
in the pssessin f被……拥有；归……所有
•pssess vt.拥有；具有；支配
at hand近在手边；在附近
by hand手工，用手的
hand in hand手挽手；密切关联；相连带
n the ne the ther (hand)一方面……另一方面(用于表示不同的尤其是相对立的两个方面)
•本句中s that引导目的状语从句，相当于in rder that，从句中往往含有情态动词，如can，culd，may，might等。
•s that也可以引导结果状语从句，此时从句中往往没有情态动词。
技巧一点通
动词不定式可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语，其进行式为t be ding，完成式为t have dne。