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专题14 非谓语动词-十年（2012-2021）高考英语真题分项详解（全国通用） 解析版
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这是一份专题14 非谓语动词-十年（2012-2021）高考英语真题分项详解（全国通用） 解析版，共36页。
专题14 非谓语动词
【2021年】
1．（2021·天津卷）China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
A．to extend B．extended C．extending D．being extended
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的国道318号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因为它的令人赞叹的景观，被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知，is known as是整个句子的谓语动词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，extend与主语China's National Highway 318之间的关系为主动，所以用extending。故选C。
2. （2021年全国甲卷短文改错） ….. Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others……...
【答案】 talk→talking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的答案也表明他们不喜欢和其他人说。固定短语dislike doing sth.，意为“不喜欢做某事”，doing为动名词作宾语。故talk改为talking。
3. （2021年全国乙卷语法填空） …. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit)the place.
……
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim ___70____(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
【答案】67. visiting 70. to have
【解析】67.考查动名词。句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。
70. 考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。
4.（2021年1月浙江卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 32． 2. 1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 33． (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 34． (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 35．(sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 36． (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
【答案】
32．by
33．was
34．Studied
35．sharply
36．living
【解析】
32．考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by表示“增加了”；increase to表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI数值（18.5-23.9）可知，increase by符合语境，故填by。
33．考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。
34．考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，故填studied。
35．考查副词。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知，sharp是要修饰动词narrow，用sharp的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词may be，故live用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是people，表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填living。
【2020年】
1.（2020·新课标I卷）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66． (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.
【答案】to find
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
2.（2020·新课标I卷）I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.
【答案】 frying改为fried
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词作定语，故将frying改为fried。
3. （2020·新课标I卷）My mom told me how to preparing it
【答案】 preparing改为prepare。
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知，“how+不定式”作told的宾语，to是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将preparing改为prepare。
4. （2020·新课标II卷）They represent the earth 63． (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
【答案】coming
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。
5. （2020·新课标II卷）They make great gifs and you see them many times 65． (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
【答案】 decorated
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。
6. （2020·新课标II卷）They are easy 68． (care) for and make great presents.
【答案】to care
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。
7. （2020·新课标III卷）The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67． (find) the well-known painter.
【答案】 to find
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。
8. （2020·新课标III卷）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69． (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
【答案】 surrounding
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。
9.(2020·山东卷) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or 43．(walk)through a rainforest.
【答案】 walking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。
10. (2020·浙江卷) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60．(change)lives.
【答案】 to change
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。
11. (2020·浙江卷)Later，they learned to work with the seasons (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， 63． (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
【答案】 making
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。
12. （2020·江苏卷）Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
A. combined with B. combining with C. having combined with D. to be combined with
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:be combined with“与……结合/联合”，本句中省略be动词，使用过去分词做状语。故选A。
13．（2020·天津卷)___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
A．Having completed B．Being completed
C．Completed D．Completing
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼，它激发了全世界的想象力。句中谓语动词是inspired，此处用非谓语动词。主语the Empire State Building和动词complete是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。A项是现在分词的完成式，不表被动。B项是doing的被动式。故选C。
14.（2020·天津卷)The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________ economic growth.
A．to be promoted B．being promoted C．promoting D．to promote
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并翻译语境可知，句中存在谓语doesn't have to sacrifice，空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系，因此使用动词不定式形式。故选D项。
15．（2020·天津卷)______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
A．To help B．Helped C．Helping D．Being helped
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试，老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知，老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了“帮助我们准备考试。故表目的，应用动词不定式。故选A。
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】 __________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。故选A。
2.【2019·天津卷】____________ to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.
A. Learn B. Learned
C. Learning D. Having learned
【答案】C
【解析】考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以做主语。此处用动名词做主语，故选C。
3.【2019·江苏卷】China's image is improving steadily, with more countries__________ its role in international affairs.
A. recognizing B. being recognized C. to be recognized D. recognized
【答案】A
【解析】考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用with + 名词 + 现在分词结构，故选A。
4.【2019·天津卷】The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones in his class.
A. should they B. they should
C. dare they D. they dare
【答案】A
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account决不，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，应该做should do,敢于做dare do，根据句意表示”应该“，故选A。
5.【2019·新课标I卷】Modem methods ___of__ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area.
【答案】to perform
【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perform。
6.【2019·新课标I卷】Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,…
【答案】noting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。
7.【2019·新课标II卷】All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
【答案】All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, that I had a talent for football.
【解析】考查现在分词。本句句意：操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。句中谓语动词为cheered，say在这里作伴随状语。与主语players是主动关系，故将say改为saying。
8.【2019·新课标II卷】A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.
【答案】 being
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
9.【2019·新课标II卷】Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ___declared__(declare) she had no plans ___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.
【答案】to retire
【解析】考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth做后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。
10.【2019·新课标II卷】When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___a__ joke.
【答案】saying
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。
11.【2019·新课标III卷】On our way to the house，it was raining ___so__ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there.
【答案】to retire
【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get。
12.【2019·新课标III卷】On the last day of our week-long stay，we _were invited__(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
【答案】listening
【解析】考查现在分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。
13.【2019·浙江卷】When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings,…
【答案】cycling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。
14.【2019·浙江卷】But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform.
【答案】to wear
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事，这里是动词不定式作to的宾语。故填to wear。
15.【2019·北京卷】Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to _myself_(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
【答案】facing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
【2018年】
1.【2018·北京】_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience
A. Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled
【答案】B
【解析】考查动名词。句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。“____ along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B选项正确。
2.【2018·北京】 During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中秋节期间，家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼。gather是谓语动词，“_________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”是状语，家人聚在一起的目的是吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼，表目的用动词不定式，故B选项正确。
3.【2018·北京】Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
A. used B. to use C. using D. use
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是条件状语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A选项正确。
4.【2018·天津】I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it.
A. to eat；to try B. eating；trying
C. eating；to try D. to eat； trying
【答案】D
【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do（打算做），couldn’t help doing忍不住做。故选D。
5.【2018·天津】 I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________.
A. taking B. taken
C. being taken D. take
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语，宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。
6.【2018·江苏】Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _______ the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.
A. having exceeded B. to exceed
C. exceeded D. exceeding
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这期间，大约创造13,500个新的工作，超过市场分析师持有的12,000的预期数量。分析全句可知，这里指前一件事情所带来自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。故选D。
7.【2018·新课标I卷】You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
【答案】62. to see ； 63.dying
【解析】62.考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑地太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，故填to see。63.考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。
8.【2018·新课标I卷】My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.
【答案】sell改为selling
【解析】考查动名词。去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词，故用selling。
9.【2018·新课标II卷】Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality.
【答案】to improve
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词可以且谓语动词是encourages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，故用不定式。故填to improve。
10.【2018·新课标III卷】I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____64____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel____65____(challenge).
【答案】64.looking；65.challened
【解析】64.考查动词。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。
65.考查非谓语。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。
11.【2018·新课标III卷】Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
【答案】wait改为waiting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析，本句有谓语为was，而且没有连词，与主语是主动关系，所以wait 要用非谓语waiting，表伴随。
12.【2018·浙江卷】I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
【答案】visiting
【解析】此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.， 故填visiting。
【2017年】
1.【2017·天津卷】The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _____ more patients to be treated.
A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed
【答案】B
【解析】句意：近期这个医院购进了新的医疗设备，允许更多的病人被治疗。前句购进医疗设备和后面允许更多的病人被治疗之间是必然的结果关系，用doing即现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。A. being allowed 表示被动且正在进行 C. having allowed 强调先于谓语动词发生 D. allowed 表示被动且完成，故选B。
2.【2017·天津】I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ______.
A. catching B. caught C. to catch D. to be caught
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。根据上文判断出as引导原因状语从句，Sb. have sth. to do 某人有某事要做（在本句中to do 由主语完成），根据句意判断选C。
3.【2017·江苏卷】 Many Chinese brands, _______ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.
A. having developed B. being developed
C. developed D. developing
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。brands是逻辑主语，和develop是主谓关系，所以用现在分词，表示伴随状
况；再根据“over centuries”可知，应该使用现在分词的完成式，故选A。句意：许多中国品牌，享誉数百
年，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。
4.【2017·北京卷】Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ______ their valuable time.
A. save B. saving C. to save D. saved
【答案】C
【解析】句意：许多航空公司现在允许乘客网上打印他们的登机牌来节省时间。此处是动词不定式表目的，故选C。
5.【2017·北京卷】Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______ with his students.
A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent
【答案】D
【解析】句意：Jim已经退休了，但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语，空格只能填非谓语动词，逻辑主语是time，和spend之间是被动关系，故用过去分词spent。
【2016年】
1.【2016·北京】 ________ it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.
A. Made B. Make C. Making D. To make
【答案】D
【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为了更方便地联系到我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片。根据句意可知，这里是目的状语，表目的用动词不定式，故选D。
2.【2016·北京】______ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
A. Ordering B. To order
C. Having ordered D. Ordered
【答案】D
【解析】题目考查过去分词作状语。句意：(因为)那些书是一周多之前订的，现在随时有可能送到。books和order是动宾关系，即order the books/the books are ordered，故用过去分词表示被动和完成，在此相当于原因状语从句because they were ordered...，故选D。
3.【2016·北京】Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ________ the old town into a dreamland.
A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. turned
【答案】B
【解析】题目考查现在分词表伴随状况。句意：新建的木屋林立在街道的两旁，使古镇变成了一个梦幻之地。turn的逻辑主语是cottages，两者是主动关系，故用现在分词，表示主动和伴随，故选B。
4.【2016·江苏】In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message________within the work.
A. to hide B. hidden C. hiding D. being hidden
【答案】B
【解析】考查分词作定语。相当于定语从句that is hidden within the work。A、C项表示主动含义，D项表示正在进行，与语境不符。故B项正确。
5.【2016·天津】The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____ air conditioning unnecessary.
A. making B. to make C. made D. being made
【答案】A
【解析】句意：冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使得没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语，但是那是预料不到的结果。故选A。
6.【2016·浙江】To return to the problem of water pollution , I'd like you to look at a study _______ in Australia in 2012.
A. having conducted B. to be conducted C. conducting D. conducted
【答案】D
【解析】句意：为了回到水污染的问题，我想要你研究一下2012年澳大利亚进行的研究。使用非谓语动词作定语，study和conduct是动宾关系，用过去分词作定语。B项也表示被动，但是不定式的被动，表示将要发生的事情。故选D。
7.【2016·浙江】I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do with students.
A. working B. work C. to work D. worked
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我在海上航行和现在和学生一起一样快乐。使用非谓语动词作状语，I和work是主谓关系，用现在分词作时间状语。故选A。
【2015年】
1.(2015﹒湖南)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ________ whether to stay or leave.
A. wondering B. wonder C.to wonder D.wondered
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。主句的主语she与动词wonder构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此用v.ing形式作伴随状语，故选A。句意：当那个小职员看到一张善良的面孔泛起皱纹并歉意地一笑时，她像生了根一样站在那儿，不知道是走还是留。
2.(2015﹒北京)_____the early flight,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.
A.Catching. B.Caught. C.To catch. D.Catch
【答案】C
【解析】句意：为了赶上早班的飞机，我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we，空中用不定式作目的状语，表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的。故选C。
150.(2015﹒北京)The park was full of people,____themselves in the sunshine.
A.having enjoyed B.enjoyed C.enjoying D.to enjoy
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析:句意:这个公园充满了人，在光下他们玩的很尽兴。本题考查非谓语动词。本题非谓语动词的逻辑主语为people, 人们玩得开心为主动的，因此排除B选项; Dto enjoy不定式表示动作未发生，由题干可知，是过去的动作，因此排除D选项; A having enjoyed为现在分词的完成形式，- -定要发生在谓语动作之前，根据题意，不符合。故选C。
3.(2015﹒北京)If ___for the job, you’ll be informed soon.
A .to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果录用你了，我们将很快通知你。本句条件状语从句中省略了主语you，与accept构成被动关系，用过去分词accepted。故选D。
4.(2015﹒重庆)____ in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
A. Being raised B. Raising C. Raised D. To raise
【答案】C
【解析】句意：他在格拉斯哥最穷的地方长大，要想成为足球明星还有很长的路要走。根据句意可知raise这个动词的主语是he，他在这个地方长大，两者之间是主谓关系，故选C项。
5.(2015﹒重庆)Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way____ the sun and the stars.
A. used B. having used C. using D. use
【答案】C
【解析】句意：象古代的水手，鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。Using是伴随状语。 选C。
6.(2015﹒浙江)Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it live is quite another.
A. perform B. performing C. to perform D. being performed
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在家里面听音乐是一回事，去到现场听又是另一回事。hear sb/sth doing 表听到某人某物做某事。由于音乐是被演奏的，所以需要被动，所以选D。分析4个选项知道，答案所使用的是同一个动词，不同的是时态、语态或者是非谓语形式。 A是动词原形，B是非谓语现在分词形式，C是非谓语的不定式，D是非谓语的现在分词被动形式。分析句子结构以及用法，不难知道音乐是被演奏的，所以需要被动，所以选D。
7.(2015﹒天津)______ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
A. To work B. Worked
C. To be working D. Having worked
【答案】D
【解析】句意：工作了两天，Steve成功的按时完成了他的报告。句中的逻辑主语为Steve，与work之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，这里用having worked，表示动作的先后性。故选D。
8.(2015﹒天津)______in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.
A. To absorb B. To be absorbed
C. Absorbed D. Absorbing
【答案】C
【解析】句意：全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到晚上到了。短语be absorbed in全神贯注于，在句中作状语。故选C。
9.(2015﹒陕西)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on all the people who had helped in her career.
A. to thank B. thanking C. having thanked D. to have thanked
【答案】A
【解析】句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角后，Anne Benedict继续感谢所有帮助她演绎生涯的人。go on to do继续做不同的事情，所以选A。
10.(2015﹒陕西)Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother good care of at home.
A. taking B. taken C. take D. be taken
【答案】B
【解析】句意：在非洲医疗援助两年回来后，Dr. Lee很高兴看见妈妈被照顾得很好。his mother和take care of是被动关系，用过去分词做宾语补足语，所以选B。
11.(2015﹒福建)_________ more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
A. Learn B. Learned C. To learn D. To be learning
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。这里是动词不定式形式的非谓语动词做目的状语。该句意思为：为了更多了解到中国文化，杰克决定选择中国传统音乐作为选修课。故选C
12.(2015﹒福建)In recent years an English word "infosphere" has appeared, _______the sense of “information” and " atmosphere".
A. combine B. combined C. combing D. being combined
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词主要有动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词形式。其中现在分词表示主动的关系，而过去分词通常表示被动的关系。根据该句意思：最近几年，一个叫做infosphere的英语单词出现了，结合了“信息”和“气氛”这两个单词。这里的结合与前面新出现的单词的关系是主动的，所以故选C
13.(2015﹒江苏)Much time _____ sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
A. being spent B. having spent C. spent D. spending
【答案】C
【解析】句意：上班族们坐在办工座前太久，一般会受到健康问题的困扰。分析句子结构可知，分词的逻辑主语和后面主句的主语不一致，应用独立主格结构。分词主语和分词动作之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且动作已完成，故用过去分词。故选C项。
14.(2015﹒安徽)______ the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.
A. Ignore B. Ignoring C. Ignored D. Having ignored
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析:句意:忽视这两项研究结果的差异将会是你所犯的最严重的错误之一 。句子缺少主语，ignore的逻辑主语是you,两者是主谓关系，因此用动名词做主语，故选B.
15.(2015﹒湖南)Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students ________ what is bothering them.
A. to talk over B. talked over
C.talk over D.having talked over
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有时我充当了倾听同学们谈论烦心事的对象。此处不定式表示目的。故选A。
【2014年】
1.(2014﹒安徽)While waiting for the opportunity to get , Henry did his best to perform his duty.
A. promote B. promoted C. promoting D. to promote
【答案】B
【解析】本题考察的非谓语动词的固定搭配“get+过去分词”，如“get burnt”被烫伤，get paid获得报酬；本句中的get promoted获得提拔。句义：在等待着背提拔的机会的时候，Herry全力以赴地尽好自己的责任。故B正确。
2.(2014﹒北京)Last night, there were millions of people _______ the opening ceremony live on TV.
A. watch B. to watch C. watched D. watching
【答案】D
【解析】本句考察的是非谓语动词中的现在分词短语做定语的用法，因为动词watch与前面的名词millions of people构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词做定语。本句中的watching the opening ceremony live on TV相当于定语从句who were watching the opening ceremony live on TV.同时本句只是一个简单句，已经有了一个主谓结构了。句意：昨天晚上有成千上万人在电视里观看了开幕式。故D正确。
3.(2014﹒北京)There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
A. solving B. solved C. being solved D.to be solved
【答案】D
【解析】本题考察的是非谓语动词的基本用法。现在分词doing表示主动或者正在进行的动作；过去分词done表示被动或者已经完成的动作，不定式to do 表示主动或者将要发生的动作。句意：在我们准备在月球上长期生活之前，还有很多问题有待于解决。根据句意可知很多问题还没有被解决，都是未来将要发生的事情，所以使用不定式。而这些问题又是要被解决的，所以使用不定式的被动语态。故D正确。
4.(2014﹒北京)The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ______..
A. recognizing B. being recognized
C. having recognized D.having been recognized
【答案】B
【解析】在非谓语动词中，介词的后面常常接动名词做宾语，所以本句中的介词without后面接动名词。句意：这位电影明星带着太阳镜，因此他可以去买东西而不被认出。根据句意可知使用的是动名词的被动语态形式。故B正确。
5.(2014﹒大纲卷)Toady there are more airplanes _____ more people than ever before in the skies.
A. carry B. carrying C. carried D. to be carrying
【答案】B
【解析】本题查看的是非谓语动词中的分词做定语用法。动词carry与前面的名词airplanes构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词短语carrying more people than ever before在句中做定语。相当于短语从句which carry more people than ever before.句义：现在太空中有更多的能够运载比以前的飞机运载更多的乘客的飞机。故B正确。
6.(2014﹒福建) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
A. Spending B. Spent C. Having spent D. To spend
【答案】C
【解析】本句考察的是分词做状语的用法。动词spend与主句主语Linda构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词在句中做状语。而spend the past year…这个动作是在主句谓语appears more mature之前就发生的，所以使用现在分词的完成式。句义：作为交换生在香港过了一年，Linda表现得比她的同龄人更为成熟。故C正确。
7.(2014﹒福建)For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying________.
A. connected B. connecting C. to connect D. to be connected
【答案】A
【解析】系动词stay/get后面经常接过去分词转换的形容词，如get paid获得报酬。Get burnt被烫伤；本句中的stay connected保持联系。句义：对于那些家人在远方的人，电脑和电话在和家人保持联系方面是很重要的。故A正确。
8.(2014﹒湖南)____your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.
A. Understanding B. To be understood
B. C. Being understood D. Having understood
【答案】A
【解析】本题考察的是非谓语动词中的动名词做主语的用法。本句中的动名词定语understanding your own needs and styles of communication在句中是主语，单个的非谓语动词做主语，谓语动词要使用单数形式。句义：理解你自己的需要和交流方式和知道表达你的爱和情绪一样重要。本句不存在被动关系，排除BC项。D项是现在分词的完成式，表示的是已经完成的动作，与句义不相符。故A正确。
9.(2014﹒湖南)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, _____at the night sky.
A. to stare B. staring C. stared D, having stared
【答案】B
【解析】本题考察的是非谓语动词做状语的用法。前面句中的隐含主语是I，主语I和后面的动词stare之间构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词做状语，表示该动词与前面句中的动词同时发生。句义：没有什么快乐可能和躺着草地上看着夜晚的天空更让人快乐！A项不定式表示的将来的动作故B正确。
10.(2014﹒湖南) ourselves from the physical and mental tensions，we each need deep thought and inner quietness.
A. Having freed B. Freed C. To free D. Freeing
【答案】C
【解析】不定式做目的状语是不定式的一个经典用法。而且本句的主语we和动词free之间构成主动关系，可以使用不定式或者现在分词。但是A项使用的是不定式的完成式，表示已经完成的动作，这不符合上下文语境。句义：为了让我们免受精神和身体压力的伤害，我们每个人都需要深入的思考和内心的安宁。
11.(2014﹒江苏)His lecture ____, a lively question-and-answer session followed.
A. being given B. having given C. to be given D. having been given
【答案】D
【解析】本题较难，a lively question-and-answer session followed是一个完整的句子，本题的两部分之间缺少连词，所以逗号前面的不能是句子，只能是一个独立主格结构。名词his lecture与动词give之间构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词表示被动，排除B项。A项表示正在进行，C项不定式表示将要进行。都符合语义，D项having been done在做状语的时候相当于done。本句的独立主格结构His lecture having been given相当于After his lecture had been given。句意：他的演讲结束后，将是一个现场问答部分。故D正确。
12.(2014﹒江苏)— ! Somebody has left the lab door open.
—Don't look at me.
A. Dear me B. Hi, there C. Thank goodness D. Come on
【答案】A
【解析】本题考察的是交际用语。Dear me天哪！（表示惊讶）Hi，there嗨，你好；Thank goodness谢天谢地；Come on加油；得了吧！句意：—天哪！有人让实验室的门开着。—不要看着我！不是我干的。根据句意可知前者对于实验室的门还开着很惊讶。故选择A项。
13.(2014﹒江西) ___nearly all our money , we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel .
A. Having spent B. To spent C. Spent D. To have spent
【答案】A
【解析】本题考察的是分词做状语用法。动词spend与句子主语we构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词spending的形式，而本句中spend all our money是发生在谓语动词之前的，所以使用现在分词的完成式having spent。句义：几乎把所有的钱都花完了，我们没有钱住宾馆了。B项通常在句中做目的状语。CD项表示被动。故A正确。
14.(2014﹒江西) He is thought ___foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job .
A. to act B. to have acted C. acting D. having acted
【答案】B
【解析】本句考察的是固定句式：Sb be though to…某人被认为…；如果表示的是一个已经完成的动作，就使用不定式的完成式，如果是正在进行的动作，就使用不定式的进行式。句义：他被认为表现很糟糕，现在他只能责怪自己丢了那份工作。根据句义可知他表现很糟糕是在丢掉工作之前，所以使用不定式的完成式。故B正确。
15.(2014﹒山东) There is a note pinned to the door______ when the shop will open again.
A. saying B. says C. said D. having said
【答案】A
【解析】本句考察的是非谓语动词中的分词做定语的用法。本句中的名词note与动词say之间构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词短语作定语。D项是现在分词的完成式，表示已经完成的动作，这在上下文中没有体现。句义：有一个纸条被钉在门上，写着：商店什么时候再开门。本句中的saying相当于定语从句which says…。故A正确。
16.(2014﹒山东) It’s standard practice for a company like this one______ a security officer.
A. employed B. being employed C. to employ D. employs
【答案】C
【解析】本题考察的是不定式的复合结构的用法。不定式的复合结构为：for sb to do sth；说明不定式动作的发出者。如：It is difficult for you to solve the problem.句义：对于像这样的公司雇佣保安是非常标准的做法。故C正确。
17.(2014﹒陕西) It’s quite hot today. Do you feel like _________ for a swim?
A. to go B. going C go D. having gone
【答案】B
【解析】本题考察的是固定搭配feel like doing sth想要做某事；动词短语feel like后面只能接动名词做宾语。句义：今天很人，你想要去游泳吗？D项表示的是已经完成的动作。故B正确。
18.(2014﹒陕西) ________ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.
A. Working out B. Worked out C. To work out D. Work out
【答案】C
【解析】本题考察的是不定式做目的状语的用法，在非谓语动词中通常只有不定式才可以表示目的状语。句义：为了算出这个数学问题，我已经咨询了拉塞尔教授好几次了。ABD三项都不能表示目的状语。故C正确。
19.(2014﹒四川) The manager was satisfied to see many new products ______ after great effort.
A. having developed B. to develop C. developed D. develop
【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是过去分词developed作感官动词see的宾语many new products的补足语，因为develop与宾语products间为被动关系，故使用过去分词。句意：经理很满意地看见在付出巨大努力之后看到很多新产品被研发出来。A项表示的是主动关系，B项不定式表示为了将要发生的事情。故C正确。
20.(2014﹒四川)— I hope to take the computer course.
— Good idea. ____ more about it, visit this website.
A. To find out B. Finding out
C. To be finding out D. Having found out
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词中的不定式用法。动词不定式可以放在句首作目的状语，译为“为了…”。句意：——我想参加这个电脑课程。——好主意。要想得到更多有关的信息，请登陆这个网站。Visit this website是一个祈使句，表示建议。故A正确。
21.(2014﹒天津) Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only ______ it didn’t fit
A. to find B. found C. finding D. having found
【答案】A
【解析】本题考察的是不定式做结果状语用法，在非谓语动词中，不定式常常和only连用，表示意料之外的结果。现在分词doing常常表示意料之中的结果。句义：很着急，她把裙子从包装里拿了出来，结果却发现裙子不合适。她很着急地试穿裙子，但是裙子不合适。说明这是意料之外的结果，所以使用A项。
22.(2014﹒天津) Clearly and thoughtfully________, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
A. writing B. to write C. written D. being written
【答案】C
【解析】本句考察的是非谓语动词做状语的用法。句中动词write与句子逐渐与the book构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以使用过去分词表示被动。排除AB项，因为AB项都表示主动，D项是现在分词的被动形式，表示动作正在被做。而本句的过去分词written表示被动和已经完成。句义：被写得很清楚很周到，这本书激励着那些追求自己生活中的答案的学生。故C正确。
23.(2014﹒浙江) Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _______ to guard her.
A. to appoint B. appointing
B. C. appointed D. having appointed
【答案】C
【解析】本句中的动词appoint任命与前面的名词nurse之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语appointed to guard her做定语来修饰前面的名词nurse。句意：残疾的Annie Salmon整个上学期间都是由一名被指定帮助他的护士照顾的。ABD三项均表示的是主动关系。故C正确。
24.(2014﹒重庆) The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ______ to our shop for quality problems.
A.turning B. returned C. to turn D. to be returned
【答案】B
【解析】本题考察的是非谓语动词中分词做定语的用法。本句中的动词return与前面的名词cameras构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语在句中做定语来修饰cameras，从语法作用上来说相当于一个定语从句which are returned ….。D项中使用的是不定式的被动形式，表示的将来要发生的事情。句意：这位生产商经常过来收集因为质量问题被退还的相机。故B正确。
25.(2014﹒重庆) Group activities will be organized after class _____children develop team spirit.
A. helping B. having helped C. helped D. to help
【答案】D
【解析】本题考察的不定式做目的状语的用法。句意：为了帮助培养孩子的团队精神，课后将要组织很多的集体活动。本句中的不定式短语to help children develop team spirit在句中做目的状语，表示组织很多集体活动的目的。其余三项通常都不用做目的状语。故B正确。
【2013年】
1.(2013﹒安徽)___ in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.
A. To found B. Founding C. Founded D. Having founded
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。句中的主语是the school, 分词做状语的时候，其逻辑主语跟句中主语必须一致，也就是说，“成立”的逻辑主语就是学校，他们之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词，排除表示主动的选项B和D，正确答案是C；至于选项A，to +did/done是不存在的，排除。
2.(2013﹒北京) Volunteering gives you a chance ______ lives, including your own.
A. change B. changing C. changed D. to change
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。从句意看，空处是定语，修饰名词chance。如果change是动词，则不能做定语；如果它是名词，则后面不能接宾语lives，故排除选项A；机会和改变之间不存在被动关系，排除选项C；改变生活的机会，逻辑上存在一种将来的含义，而不是进行，排除选项B。
3.(2013﹒安徽)______ the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.
A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。本句中，逗号之前是原因状语，由于句首和逗号之间都没有连词，可以推断前面不是句子，而只是某种结构，如果选find，则是祈使句，排除选项A；不定式做原因状语的时候，仅限于be + adj + to do的形式，排除选项C；分词做状语的时候，其逻辑主语跟句中主语要保持一致，即“发现”的逻辑主语是“she”，他们之间是主动关系，而过去分词表被动，排除选项D。
4.(2013﹒安徽)When we saw the road ______ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
A. block B. to block C. blocking D. blocked
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。when引导的时间状语从句中，the road是宾语，其后的空处是做宾语的补足语，路跟堵之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，
5.(2013﹒福建)_____ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
A. Known B. Having known C. Knowing D. Being known
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。will help是句子的谓语部分，_____ basic first-aid techniques是句子的主语部分，起逻辑主语是you，与Known构成主动关系，所以用动词-ing做主语。D是被动关系。
6.(2013﹒福建)Anyone, once ____ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.
A. to be tested B. being tested C. tested D. to test
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。解题关键：判断非谓语动词的时态和语态。once ____ positive for H7N9 flu virus,在句中做定语，逻辑主语是Anyone，与test构成被动关系，排除D；A表示即将进行检测，与句意不符；B表示正在进行，也与句意不符；本句属于“先确诊，后治疗”，过去分词表示被动的、完成的动作。所以选C。
7.(2013﹒湖南)The sun began to rise in the sky，________ the mountain in golden light.
A． bathed B.Bathing C.to have bathed D.having bathed
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。现在分词作伴随状语。解题思路：空格后有宾语，排除bathed；“太阳升起”在前，“那座山沐浴在金色的阳光中”在后，排除C、D。
8.(2013﹒湖南)You cannot accept an opinion ________to you unless it is based on facts.
A.offering B.to offer
C.having offered D.Offered
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。过去分词作定语修饰opinion。解题思路：分析句子结构得知—____ to you 作定语修饰opinion，offer和opinion是动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语，表被动。
9.(2013﹒湖南)________ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnights so I could refill it.
A． Staying B.Stayed B.To stay D.Stay
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。不定式做目的状语，给柴炉添柴火的目的是保持暖和，故选择C。
10.(2013﹒江苏)Lionel Messi, ______ the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.
A. set B. setting C. to set D. having set
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词用法。解题关键：判断非谓语动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构得知，Lionel Messi is considered the most talented football player in Europe为主句， _____ the record for the most goals in a calendar year在句中作状语，set与逻辑主语Lionel Messi构成主动关系，故先排除A；再根据句意，“创立记录在先，被认为是最有才华球员在后”，故用having set。所以选D。
11.(2013﹒江西)If _____ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A. asked B. to ask C. asking D. having asked
【答案】A
【解析】.考查省略句。在if引导的从句中，如果从句的主要动词是be，常将主语和be省略。解题关键：观察题目与选项。本题主句是祈使句，祈使句通常是动词原形开头，省略主语you，再观察选项，ask与you是动宾关系，因此从句的完整表达方式是if you are asked……。因此，锁定答案A.
12.(2013﹒辽宁)Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail ______ for her.
A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. was waiting
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。在there be句型中，wait只可以做非谓语，故先排除D。wait做后置定语，修饰a pile of mail，构成主动关系，再排除A。动词不定式to wait表示将要，现在分词waiting表示正在进行，根据句意，“有一堆邮件正在等着她”。故选C。
13.(2013﹒山东)The room is empty except for a bookshelf _____ in one corner.
A. standing B. to stand C. stands D. stood
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查的是非谓语动词。。_____ in one corner在句中做后置定语，修饰bookshelf，语态根据其逻辑主语a bookshelf和stand之间的逻辑关系来断定，二者之间为主谓关系，即主动关系，应用现在分词；而to stand表将来或表目的，与句意矛盾；C项stands为谓语，此句中已经有谓语is empty，所以可排除；而D项stood为过去分词，表示被动或完成；用在此句中显然也不符合要求。
14.(2013﹒山东)I stopped the car _____ a short break as I was feeling tired.
A. take B. taking C. to take D. taken
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。A项动词原形做谓语，不符合语法；B项现在分词taking则和the car构成了主谓关系，成了汽车休息；C项为动词不定式做目的状语。不定式做目的状语时，句子的主语就是不定式动作的发出者。我停下车来我去休息一会儿。D项taken和the car构不成被动关系。不能说车被休息，所以可排除。
15.(2013﹒山东) _______ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn’t want to eat there again.
A. Having eaten B. to eat C. Eat D. Eating
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查分词短语做状语。因为本句中以前在这家餐厅吃过饭的动作发生的时间显然要早于主句的动作即不愿再去那里就餐这一动作发生的时间，所以应用V-ing的完成式即having done。所以答案为A。B项to eat表示目的；C项eat动词原形不能做非谓语；D项eating表示主动，不符合句意。
16.(2013﹒陕西)Let those in need ______ that we will go all out to help them.
A. to understand B. understand C. understanding D. understood
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词中的不定式做宾语补足语。从句意上看，空处表达的是“让某人做某事”，而let 之后的宾语接不定式作宾语的时候，要省去不定式符号to，即要用let sb do 的形式，故答案是B。
17.(2013﹒陕西)The witnesses ______ by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.
A. questioned B. being questioned C. to be questioned D. having questioned
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词做定语。解题关键是判断出动词的时态和语态。从语态上看，证人是被询问，排除选项D；从时态上看，just now以及gave是关键词，说明动作是过去发生的，排除选项B，C。
18.(2013﹒上海)The judge gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really ______.
A. to be worried B. to worry C. having worried D. worried
【答案】D
【解析】题干的意思是：“法官们没有暗示他们的想法，所以，我满怀担心的离开了房间”。本句中，需要一个形容词说明主语的状态，语法上叫做“主语补足语”。只有选项D. worried是形容词，可以修饰主语。其他三个选项都是非谓语动词的不同形式，都不对。
19.(2013﹒上海)The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ______ society of real-life experience.
A. explore B. to explore C. exploring D. explored
【答案】B
【解析】题干的意思是：“学生们在盼望着有一个去探索社会，获得现实生活经验的机会”。本题中，动词不定式作opportunity的后置定语。可以直接记住搭配：have an opportunity to do sth.（有做……的机会）。
20.(2013﹒上海)Young people may risk ______ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.
A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone
【答案】C
【解析】题干的意思是：“年轻人如果每天都接触非常嘈杂的音乐，就可能有失聪的危险”。因为risk后用动名词做宾语，先排除A，B。D选项having gone完成式表示动作发生在谓语动词之前，显然不对，只是有可能失聪，并未发生。
21.(2013﹒上海)Sophia got an e-mail ______ her credit card account number
A. asking for B. ask for
C. asked for D. having asked for
【答案】A
【解析】题干的意思是：“索菲亚收到了一封向她索要信用卡账号的电子邮件”。分析句子结构，______ her credit card account number做后置定语，修饰an e-mail。ask for和an e-mail构成主动关系，所以用现在分词形式，相当于定语从句which asked for her credit card account number。
22.(2013﹒四川)______ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.
A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not known D. Known not
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。此句的前半部分是分词做原因状语，动词know和女孩之间是主动关系，故要用现在分词，不能用过去分词，排除选项C，D；非谓语动词的否定形式是在它的前面加否定词not，排除选项B，正确答案是A。
23.(2013﹒四川)The airport _______ next year will help promote tourism in this area.
A. being completed B. to be completed C. completed D. having been completed
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。空处是机场的定语，本题的关键词是next year,既然是明年，那就应该是未来的动作，非谓语动词中，只有不定式的一般式具有将来含义，故正确答案是to be comleted；选项A是现在分词的被动式，意思是正在竣工；选项C是过去分词，意思是已经竣工；选项D是现在分词完成式的被动语态，意思也是已经竣工，均不合题意，排除。
24.(2013﹒天津)In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words ______ in daily conversations.
A. using B. to use C. having used D. used
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。本句中的used为动词的过去分词短语做后置定语修饰words，非谓语动词use和其逻辑主语words之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系，即被动关系所以用过去分词。
25.(2013﹒新课标卷II)I got to the office earlier that day, ______ the 7:30 train from Paddington
A. caught B. to have caught C. to catch D. having caught
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。本题的解题关键是先弄清句中两个动作之间的关系：“到办公室早”是赶上七点半火车的结果，或者说，正是因为赶上了七点半的车，才导致了“到办公室早”的结果，可见，空处是原因状语；由于不定式做原因状语的时候，仅限于这种句型：be + adj + to do ，此处显然不是，排除选项B，C；caught如果是过去式，则它前面缺少连词and，而且即使有and，语意上也说不过去；caught如果是过去分词，那就表被动，而赶车和我之间是主动关系，所以排除选项A，正确答案是D。此处用现在分词的完成式，是因为赶车是在到达办公室之前发生的。句意为那天我赶上了七点半到 Paddington 的火车，结果很早就到了办公室。
26.(2013﹒新课标卷I)They might just have a place ________ on the writing course— why don’t you give it a try?
A. leave B. left C. leaving D. to leave
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构得知，they might just have a place为主谓宾结构，might have是谓语动词，因此实意动词leave在句中用非谓语形式。这样答案锁定了B、C和D。根据句意可知，空白处在句中作定语，限制修饰名词place。leave（留下……）相对于被修饰名词place而言，leave是被动动作，故正确答案排除了C和D，因为C和D分别是现在分词和不定式的主动式，表示一个主动动作。句意为他们可能还有个学习写作课的机会，你为什么不试一试呢？
27.(2013﹒新课标卷I)The drive wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ________ .
A. not to do B. not to C. not do D. do not
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查动词不定式的省略。根据句意可知，警察要求司机不要把车停在路边。“要求某人做某事”ask sb. to do sth. ；“被要求做某事”be asked to do sth.。由此正确答案锁定A和B。“警察要求司机不要把车停在路边”的完整表达应该是：The driver was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside. 为避免重复，题干中的空缺处是一个省略了的动词不定式。当一个不定式给省略掉时，to常常保留下来，表示省略了一个不定式。故最佳答案是B。A选项中的实意动词do常用作及物动词，需要有自己的宾语，如果本选项改为not to do it则也是正确答案。
28.(2013﹒新课标卷I)The sunlight is white and blinding, _______ hard-edged shadows on the ground.
A. throwing B. being thrown C. to throw D. to be thrown
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。_______ hard-edged shadows on the ground 在句中作结果状语，其逻辑主语和句子的主语保持一致。显然，句子主语the sunlight是throw动作的执行者，throw相对于the sunlight而言是主动动作，故答案锁定A和C，因为选项B和D分别是现在分词和不定式的被动式，表示一个被动动作。非谓语动词中的现在分词和不定式都可作结果状语，但前者表示自然的结果，而后者表示出人意料的结果。阳光炽白炫目，在地上投下浓重的阴影不出乎人们的意外，故选A。
29.(2013﹒浙江)_______ how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
A. Hearing B. Hear C. Having heard D. To be hearing
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。本题关键要分析句子结构，先找谓语动词creates排除B，后找主语，这里应该用动名词做主语，to be hearing不能作主语，排除D， having done强调先后顺序， heaving heard的意思是“先听到，后添加一份喜悦”,故排除C。
30.(2013﹒浙江)There are some health problems that, when ______ in time, can become bigger ones later on.
A. not treated B. not being treated
C. not to be treated D. not have been treated
【答案】A
【解析】考查 省略、非谓语动词。 when 后面如果用完整的句子表达，它的主语就是problems，因此主语和它后面的be 动词可以一起省略，相当于“ when they are not treated”。
31.(2013﹒重庆)When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, ______ me stories till I fell asleep.
A. having told B. telling C. told D. to tell
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。坐在我床边是主动作，给我讲故事是伴随着发生的次要动作，此时通常用分词做伴随情况状语，由于讲故事不是在坐在床边这个动作之前发生的，所以排除选项A；如果用told，则前面不该用逗号，应该用连词and，并且应该用tell的形式，与前面的used to do 呼应，排除选项C；不定式放在一个动作之后，并且中间有逗号隔开，通常都是做结果状语，并且是一种意料之外的结果，但此处讲故事显然不是坐在床边的一种结果，排除选项D。
32.(2013﹒重庆)The engine just won't start. Something seems ______ wrong with it.
A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词中的不定式。首先，seem之后常接不定式，表示“似乎怎么样了”，不接doing；其次，出问题是发生在seem之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。
【2012年】
1.(2012﹒江西)John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter him it.
A.offered B.offering C.to offer D.to be offered
【答案】B
【解析】offer的逻辑主语为空格前名词letter，根据句意，两者语态为主动关系，且表伴随，故选B。
2.(2012﹒湖南)We've had a good start, but next, more work needs ____ to achieve the final success.
A.being done B.do C.to be done D.to do
【答案】C
【解析】因为work与do为被动关系，而need后表被动用-ing的主动形式表被动含义，或用不定式的被动形式，故选C。谓语与非谓语动词 不定式的被动语态 作宾语 短语need to be done。
3.(2012﹒重庆)Before you quit your job, ______how your family would feel about your decision.
A. consider B. considering C. to consider D. considered
【答案】A
【解析】结合选项来分析句子结构，逗号前为时间状语从句，后面实际上是一个祈使句。由此可知，A选项符合题意。因此，正确答案为A选项。
4.(2012﹒重庆)We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ______ at the meeting will in the future of our company.
A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made
【答案】 A
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空白处为后置定语，与被修饰的名词是逻辑上的被动关系，而且是将要发生的动作。由此可知，表示被动和将来的A选项符合题意。B表示被动进行，C表示被动完成，D表示被动完成，但是不作定语。因此，正确答案为A选项。
5.(2012﹒重庆)______to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked
【答案】A
【解析】逗号前为原因状语，空白处与句子的主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，由此可排除表示主动关系的B和C选项，D选项常作目的和结果状语，不作原因状语，也可排除，而A选项为现在分词完成式的被动形式，可作时间状语、原因状语、结果状语、伴随状语等。因此，正确答案为A选项。
6.(2012﹒辽宁)This machine is very easy . Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
A. operating B. to be operating C. operated D. to operate
【答案】D
【解析】在句型“主语+be+adj+to do”中，如果这个主语是动词do的逻辑宾语，故用主动表被动，所以选D。
7.(2012﹒四川)I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.
A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound
【答案】 C
【解析】此题考查现在分词作宾语补足语。winding its way与宾语snake之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行，故选C。
8.(2012﹒四川)Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____.
A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash
【答案】 A
【解析】考查过去分词作宾语补足语。此题中使役动词get后接的宾语car与作宾语补足语的动词wash之间为被动关系，构成短语：get sth. done。故答案选A。句意为：在驱车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。
9.(2012﹒陕西)________ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad .
A. Standing B. To stand C. Stood D. Stand
【答案】A
【解析】非谓语动词短语后有逗号，说明非谓语动词做题干的状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语we，非谓语动词与逻辑主语是主动关系，且其动作与谓语动词wait的动作同时进行，用动词v-ing的一般式，选A。
10.(2012﹒陕西)If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ______ an even greater challenge.
A. meets B. meeting C. meet D. to meet
【答案】D
【解析】所填词与前文构成固定句型have no choice but to do sth，故选D。
11. One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them.
A. corrects B. correct C.to correct D. correcting
【答案】D
【解析】并列结构，making与correcting并列。
12.(2012﹒北京)_______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use
【答案】C
【解析】tin和use是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。
13.(2012﹒全国卷II)The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _____ anything that happened to be on.
A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. to have watched
【答案】A
【解析】此处happy to watch anything that happened to be on作sat的目的状语。句意：那位老人每天晚上坐在电视机前，高兴地看要上演的任何节目。
14.(2012﹒全国卷II)Tony lent me the money, ______that I’d do as much for him.
A. hoping B. to hope C. hoped D. having hoped
【答案】A
【解析】此处现在分词短语hoping that I’d do as much for him作伴随状语。句意：Tony借给我了钱，希望我加倍还他。
15.(2012﹒北京)Birds’ singing is sometimes a warning to other birds ________ away.
A. to stay B. staying C. stayed D. stay
【答案】A
【解析】非谓语考点，目的状语用不定式。
16.(2012﹒全国新课程卷)Film has a much shorter history, especially when such art forms as music and painting.
A. having compared to B. comparing to
C. compare to D. compared to
【答案】D
【解析】此处是被省略的时间状语从句，其相当于：when film is compared to such art forms as music and
painting. 这里film和compare之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。又因为主语一致，所以film被省略。句意：电影的历史短的多，尤其是当它和像音乐和绘画这样的艺术形式相比时。
17.(2012﹒全国新课程卷)The party will be held in the garden, weather .
A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit
【答案】A
【解析】此处主句的主语party 和weather不一致，所以weather保留，作permitting的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。另外，weather与permit之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。
18.(2012﹒山东) After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ___.
A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. provide
【答案】B
【解析】此处动词provide与其逻辑主语envelope之间是被动关系，在句中作定语，相当于which is provided。句意为：完成并签名后，请把表格放入我们提供的信封内送回。
19. (2012﹒山东) George returned after the war, only _______ that his wife had left him.
A. to be told B. telling
C. being told D. told
【答案】A
【解析】此处only to do/be done表示意料之外的结果；现在分词作结果状语则表示自然的结果。这里George和tell之间是被动关系，因此用to be told。句意：乔治战争后回到家，结果被告知妻子已经离开了。
20.(2012﹒福建)一 Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?
—$4,000, or like that.
A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing
【答案】C
【解析】something like that 意为“大致如此，差不多这样”，something在本句中是表示不确定的描述或数量，“大致，左右”的意思。比如：She called at something after ten o’clock.她10点多钟来过电话。It tastes something like melon. 这吃起来有点像甜瓜。They pay six pounds an hour. Something like that. 他们按每小时六英镑付费。大致如此。
21.(2012﹒福建)China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea.
A. attacking B. having attacked C. being attacked D. having been attacked
【答案】C
【解析】prevent sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，本句中的fishing boats和attack是被动关系，所以选择C项，句意：中国最近加紧黄岩岛的水域控制来阻止中国渔船在中国南海被袭击。
22.(2012﹒福建)Pressed from his parents, and ______that he has wasted too much time , the boy is determined to stop playing video games.
A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized
【答案】A
【解析】首先要弄清楚本句中的and连接的成分是非谓语动词做状语，主语与press是被动关系，但是与realize是主动，“被父母迫使同时自己也意识到他已经浪费了太多时间，这个男孩决定停止玩电脑游戏。本题考查非谓语动词的难度挺大，主要是很多学生看到pressed后就不知道realize在句中做什么成分，所以本题关键有两个，一个是and并列的成分是什么，然后就是realize与主语the boy的关系。
23.(2012﹒浙江) "It's a such nice place," Mother said as she sat at the table________ for customs.
A. to be reserved B. Living reserved C. reserving D. reserved
【答案】D
【解析】reserve和谓语动词sat之间没有连词，故用非谓语，且和其逻辑主语the table逻辑上构成被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动、完成的概念，在句子中做后置定语。
24.(2012﹒浙江)I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should cither study regularly or______ his job.
A. quits B. to quit C. quitting D. quit
【答案】D
【解析】 either…or+并列结构，前后形式上保持一致，由此与study相呼应，故答案选D，用动词原形。
25.(2012﹒浙江)No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it's better______silent.
A. remain B. be remaining C. having remained D. to remain
【答案】D
【解析】it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式：to remain silent. 可归结为句型：it is +形容词/名词+to do/that…。当然it也可以做形式宾语，如find/feel it +to do/that….。
26.(2012﹒江苏) ______an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base
【答案】B
【解析】动词base与逻辑主语you之间构成主谓关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故选B项。
27.(2012﹒安徽)When ______for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A. asking B. asked C. having asked D. to be asked
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词，逻辑主语是Philip, 还原句子 When Philip was asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
28.(2012﹒安徽)I remembered ______the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked
【答案】B
【解析】Remember后面既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词，如果选择A，这与后面的before I left the office是相矛盾的，只能选择答案B. C 和D 都是完成时，他们表示比主句动词发生的时间更早，没有必要。
专题14 非谓语动词
【2021年】
1．（2021·天津卷）China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
A．to extend B．extended C．extending D．being extended
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的国道318号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因为它的令人赞叹的景观，被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知，is known as是整个句子的谓语动词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，extend与主语China's National Highway 318之间的关系为主动，所以用extending。故选C。
2. （2021年全国甲卷短文改错） ….. Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others……...
【答案】 talk→talking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的答案也表明他们不喜欢和其他人说。固定短语dislike doing sth.，意为“不喜欢做某事”，doing为动名词作宾语。故talk改为talking。
3. （2021年全国乙卷语法填空） …. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit)the place.
……
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim ___70____(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
【答案】67. visiting 70. to have
【解析】67.考查动名词。句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。
70. 考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。
4.（2021年1月浙江卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 32． 2. 1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 33． (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 34． (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 35．(sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 36． (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
【答案】
32．by
33．was
34．Studied
35．sharply
36．living
【解析】
32．考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by表示“增加了”；increase to表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI数值（18.5-23.9）可知，increase by符合语境，故填by。
33．考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。
34．考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，故填studied。
35．考查副词。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知，sharp是要修饰动词narrow，用sharp的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词may be，故live用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是people，表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填living。
【2020年】
1.（2020·新课标I卷）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66． (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.
【答案】to find
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
2.（2020·新课标I卷）I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.
【答案】 frying改为fried
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词作定语，故将frying改为fried。
3. （2020·新课标I卷）My mom told me how to preparing it
【答案】 preparing改为prepare。
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知，“how+不定式”作told的宾语，to是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将preparing改为prepare。
4. （2020·新课标II卷）They represent the earth 63． (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
【答案】coming
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。
5. （2020·新课标II卷）They make great gifs and you see them many times 65． (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
【答案】 decorated
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。
6. （2020·新课标II卷）They are easy 68． (care) for and make great presents.
【答案】to care
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。
7. （2020·新课标III卷）The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67． (find) the well-known painter.
【答案】 to find
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。
8. （2020·新课标III卷）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69． (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
【答案】 surrounding
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。
9.(2020·山东卷) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or 43．(walk)through a rainforest.
【答案】 walking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。
10. (2020·浙江卷) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60．(change)lives.
【答案】 to change
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。
11. (2020·浙江卷)Later，they learned to work with the seasons (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， 63． (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
【答案】 making
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。
12. （2020·江苏卷）Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
A. combined with B. combining with C. having combined with D. to be combined with
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:be combined with“与……结合/联合”，本句中省略be动词，使用过去分词做状语。故选A。
13．（2020·天津卷)___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
A．Having completed B．Being completed
C．Completed D．Completing
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼，它激发了全世界的想象力。句中谓语动词是inspired，此处用非谓语动词。主语the Empire State Building和动词complete是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。A项是现在分词的完成式，不表被动。B项是doing的被动式。故选C。
14.（2020·天津卷)The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________ economic growth.
A．to be promoted B．being promoted C．promoting D．to promote
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并翻译语境可知，句中存在谓语doesn't have to sacrifice，空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系，因此使用动词不定式形式。故选D项。
15．（2020·天津卷)______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
A．To help B．Helped C．Helping D．Being helped
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试，老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知，老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了“帮助我们准备考试。故表目的，应用动词不定式。故选A。
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】 __________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。故选A。
2.【2019·天津卷】____________ to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.
A. Learn B. Learned
C. Learning D. Having learned
【答案】C
【解析】考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以做主语。此处用动名词做主语，故选C。
3.【2019·江苏卷】China's image is improving steadily, with more countries__________ its role in international affairs.
A. recognizing B. being recognized C. to be recognized D. recognized
【答案】A
【解析】考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用with + 名词 + 现在分词结构，故选A。
4.【2019·天津卷】The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones in his class.
A. should they B. they should
C. dare they D. they dare
【答案】A
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account决不，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，应该做should do,敢于做dare do，根据句意表示”应该“，故选A。
5.【2019·新课标I卷】Modem methods ___of__ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area.
【答案】to perform
【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perform。
6.【2019·新课标I卷】Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,…
【答案】noting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。
7.【2019·新课标II卷】All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
【答案】All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, that I had a talent for football.
【解析】考查现在分词。本句句意：操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。句中谓语动词为cheered，say在这里作伴随状语。与主语players是主动关系，故将say改为saying。
8.【2019·新课标II卷】A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.
【答案】 being
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
9.【2019·新课标II卷】Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ___declared__(declare) she had no plans ___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.
【答案】to retire
【解析】考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth做后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。
10.【2019·新课标II卷】When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___a__ joke.
【答案】saying
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。
11.【2019·新课标III卷】On our way to the house，it was raining ___so__ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there.
【答案】to retire
【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get。
12.【2019·新课标III卷】On the last day of our week-long stay，we _were invited__(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
【答案】listening
【解析】考查现在分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。
13.【2019·浙江卷】When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings,…
【答案】cycling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。
14.【2019·浙江卷】But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform.
【答案】to wear
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事，这里是动词不定式作to的宾语。故填to wear。
15.【2019·北京卷】Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to _myself_(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
【答案】facing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
【2018年】
1.【2018·北京】_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience
A. Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled
【答案】B
【解析】考查动名词。句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。“____ along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B选项正确。
2.【2018·北京】 During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中秋节期间，家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼。gather是谓语动词，“_________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”是状语，家人聚在一起的目的是吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼，表目的用动词不定式，故B选项正确。
3.【2018·北京】Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
A. used B. to use C. using D. use
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是条件状语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A选项正确。
4.【2018·天津】I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it.
A. to eat；to try B. eating；trying
C. eating；to try D. to eat； trying
【答案】D
【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do（打算做），couldn’t help doing忍不住做。故选D。
5.【2018·天津】 I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________.
A. taking B. taken
C. being taken D. take
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语，宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。
6.【2018·江苏】Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _______ the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.
A. having exceeded B. to exceed
C. exceeded D. exceeding
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这期间，大约创造13,500个新的工作，超过市场分析师持有的12,000的预期数量。分析全句可知，这里指前一件事情所带来自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。故选D。
7.【2018·新课标I卷】You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
【答案】62. to see ； 63.dying
【解析】62.考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑地太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，故填to see。63.考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。
8.【2018·新课标I卷】My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.
【答案】sell改为selling
【解析】考查动名词。去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词，故用selling。
9.【2018·新课标II卷】Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality.
【答案】to improve
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词可以且谓语动词是encourages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，故用不定式。故填to improve。
10.【2018·新课标III卷】I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____64____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel____65____(challenge).
【答案】64.looking；65.challened
【解析】64.考查动词。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。
65.考查非谓语。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。
11.【2018·新课标III卷】Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
【答案】wait改为waiting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析，本句有谓语为was，而且没有连词，与主语是主动关系，所以wait 要用非谓语waiting，表伴随。
12.【2018·浙江卷】I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
【答案】visiting
【解析】此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.， 故填visiting。
【2017年】
1.【2017·天津卷】The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _____ more patients to be treated.
A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed
【答案】B
【解析】句意：近期这个医院购进了新的医疗设备，允许更多的病人被治疗。前句购进医疗设备和后面允许更多的病人被治疗之间是必然的结果关系，用doing即现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。A. being allowed 表示被动且正在进行 C. having allowed 强调先于谓语动词发生 D. allowed 表示被动且完成，故选B。
2.【2017·天津】I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ______.
A. catching B. caught C. to catch D. to be caught
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。根据上文判断出as引导原因状语从句，Sb. have sth. to do 某人有某事要做（在本句中to do 由主语完成），根据句意判断选C。
3.【2017·江苏卷】 Many Chinese brands, _______ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.
A. having developed B. being developed
C. developed D. developing
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。brands是逻辑主语，和develop是主谓关系，所以用现在分词，表示伴随状
况；再根据“over centuries”可知，应该使用现在分词的完成式，故选A。句意：许多中国品牌，享誉数百
年，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。
4.【2017·北京卷】Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ______ their valuable time.
A. save B. saving C. to save D. saved
【答案】C
【解析】句意：许多航空公司现在允许乘客网上打印他们的登机牌来节省时间。此处是动词不定式表目的，故选C。
5.【2017·北京卷】Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______ with his students.
A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent
【答案】D
【解析】句意：Jim已经退休了，但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语，空格只能填非谓语动词，逻辑主语是time，和spend之间是被动关系，故用过去分词spent。
【2016年】
1.【2016·北京】 ________ it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.
A. Made B. Make C. Making D. To make
【答案】D
【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为了更方便地联系到我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片。根据句意可知，这里是目的状语，表目的用动词不定式，故选D。
2.【2016·北京】______ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
A. Ordering B. To order
C. Having ordered D. Ordered
【答案】D
【解析】题目考查过去分词作状语。句意：(因为)那些书是一周多之前订的，现在随时有可能送到。books和order是动宾关系，即order the books/the books are ordered，故用过去分词表示被动和完成，在此相当于原因状语从句because they were ordered...，故选D。
3.【2016·北京】Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ________ the old town into a dreamland.
A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. turned
【答案】B
【解析】题目考查现在分词表伴随状况。句意：新建的木屋林立在街道的两旁，使古镇变成了一个梦幻之地。turn的逻辑主语是cottages，两者是主动关系，故用现在分词，表示主动和伴随，故选B。
4.【2016·江苏】In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message________within the work.
A. to hide B. hidden C. hiding D. being hidden
【答案】B
【解析】考查分词作定语。相当于定语从句that is hidden within the work。A、C项表示主动含义，D项表示正在进行，与语境不符。故B项正确。
5.【2016·天津】The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____ air conditioning unnecessary.
A. making B. to make C. made D. being made
【答案】A
【解析】句意：冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使得没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语，但是那是预料不到的结果。故选A。
6.【2016·浙江】To return to the problem of water pollution , I'd like you to look at a study _______ in Australia in 2012.
A. having conducted B. to be conducted C. conducting D. conducted
【答案】D
【解析】句意：为了回到水污染的问题，我想要你研究一下2012年澳大利亚进行的研究。使用非谓语动词作定语，study和conduct是动宾关系，用过去分词作定语。B项也表示被动，但是不定式的被动，表示将要发生的事情。故选D。
7.【2016·浙江】I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do with students.
A. working B. work C. to work D. worked
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我在海上航行和现在和学生一起一样快乐。使用非谓语动词作状语，I和work是主谓关系，用现在分词作时间状语。故选A。
【2015年】
1.(2015﹒湖南)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ________ whether to stay or leave.
A. wondering B. wonder C.to wonder D.wondered
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。主句的主语she与动词wonder构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此用v.ing形式作伴随状语，故选A。句意：当那个小职员看到一张善良的面孔泛起皱纹并歉意地一笑时，她像生了根一样站在那儿，不知道是走还是留。
2.(2015﹒北京)_____the early flight,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.
A.Catching. B.Caught. C.To catch. D.Catch
【答案】C
【解析】句意：为了赶上早班的飞机，我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we，空中用不定式作目的状语，表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的。故选C。
150.(2015﹒北京)The park was full of people,____themselves in the sunshine.
A.having enjoyed B.enjoyed C.enjoying D.to enjoy
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析:句意:这个公园充满了人，在光下他们玩的很尽兴。本题考查非谓语动词。本题非谓语动词的逻辑主语为people, 人们玩得开心为主动的，因此排除B选项; Dto enjoy不定式表示动作未发生，由题干可知，是过去的动作，因此排除D选项; A having enjoyed为现在分词的完成形式，- -定要发生在谓语动作之前，根据题意，不符合。故选C。
3.(2015﹒北京)If ___for the job, you’ll be informed soon.
A .to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果录用你了，我们将很快通知你。本句条件状语从句中省略了主语you，与accept构成被动关系，用过去分词accepted。故选D。
4.(2015﹒重庆)____ in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
A. Being raised B. Raising C. Raised D. To raise
【答案】C
【解析】句意：他在格拉斯哥最穷的地方长大，要想成为足球明星还有很长的路要走。根据句意可知raise这个动词的主语是he，他在这个地方长大，两者之间是主谓关系，故选C项。
5.(2015﹒重庆)Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way____ the sun and the stars.
A. used B. having used C. using D. use
【答案】C
【解析】句意：象古代的水手，鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。Using是伴随状语。 选C。
6.(2015﹒浙江)Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it live is quite another.
A. perform B. performing C. to perform D. being performed
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在家里面听音乐是一回事，去到现场听又是另一回事。hear sb/sth doing 表听到某人某物做某事。由于音乐是被演奏的，所以需要被动，所以选D。分析4个选项知道，答案所使用的是同一个动词，不同的是时态、语态或者是非谓语形式。 A是动词原形，B是非谓语现在分词形式，C是非谓语的不定式，D是非谓语的现在分词被动形式。分析句子结构以及用法，不难知道音乐是被演奏的，所以需要被动，所以选D。
7.(2015﹒天津)______ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
A. To work B. Worked
C. To be working D. Having worked
【答案】D
【解析】句意：工作了两天，Steve成功的按时完成了他的报告。句中的逻辑主语为Steve，与work之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，这里用having worked，表示动作的先后性。故选D。
8.(2015﹒天津)______in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.
A. To absorb B. To be absorbed
C. Absorbed D. Absorbing
【答案】C
【解析】句意：全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到晚上到了。短语be absorbed in全神贯注于，在句中作状语。故选C。
9.(2015﹒陕西)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on all the people who had helped in her career.
A. to thank B. thanking C. having thanked D. to have thanked
【答案】A
【解析】句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角后，Anne Benedict继续感谢所有帮助她演绎生涯的人。go on to do继续做不同的事情，所以选A。
10.(2015﹒陕西)Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother good care of at home.
A. taking B. taken C. take D. be taken
【答案】B
【解析】句意：在非洲医疗援助两年回来后，Dr. Lee很高兴看见妈妈被照顾得很好。his mother和take care of是被动关系，用过去分词做宾语补足语，所以选B。
11.(2015﹒福建)_________ more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
A. Learn B. Learned C. To learn D. To be learning
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。这里是动词不定式形式的非谓语动词做目的状语。该句意思为：为了更多了解到中国文化，杰克决定选择中国传统音乐作为选修课。故选C
12.(2015﹒福建)In recent years an English word "infosphere" has appeared, _______the sense of “information” and " atmosphere".
A. combine B. combined C. combing D. being combined
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词主要有动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词形式。其中现在分词表示主动的关系，而过去分词通常表示被动的关系。根据该句意思：最近几年，一个叫做infosphere的英语单词出现了，结合了“信息”和“气氛”这两个单词。这里的结合与前面新出现的单词的关系是主动的，所以故选C
13.(2015﹒江苏)Much time _____ sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
A. being spent B. having spent C. spent D. spending
【答案】C
【解析】句意：上班族们坐在办工座前太久，一般会受到健康问题的困扰。分析句子结构可知，分词的逻辑主语和后面主句的主语不一致，应用独立主格结构。分词主语和分词动作之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且动作已完成，故用过去分词。故选C项。
14.(2015﹒安徽)______ the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.
A. Ignore B. Ignoring C. Ignored D. Having ignored
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析:句意:忽视这两项研究结果的差异将会是你所犯的最严重的错误之一 。句子缺少主语，ignore的逻辑主语是you,两者是主谓关系，因此用动名词做主语，故选B.
15.(2015﹒湖南)Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students ________ what is bothering them.
A. to talk over B. talked over
C.talk over D.having talked over
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有时我充当了倾听同学们谈论烦心事的对象。此处不定式表示目的。故选A。
【2014年】
1.(2014﹒安徽)While waiting for the opportunity to get , Henry did his best to perform his duty.
A. promote B. promoted C. promoting D. to promote
【答案】B
【解析】本题考察的非谓语动词的固定搭配“get+过去分词”，如“get burnt”被烫伤，get paid获得报酬；本句中的get promoted获得提拔。句义：在等待着背提拔的机会的时候，Herry全力以赴地尽好自己的责任。故B正确。
2.(2014﹒北京)Last night, there were millions of people _______ the opening ceremony live on TV.
A. watch B. to watch C. watched D. watching
【答案】D
【解析】本句考察的是非谓语动词中的现在分词短语做定语的用法，因为动词watch与前面的名词millions of people构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词做定语。本句中的watching the opening ceremony live on TV相当于定语从句who were watching the opening ceremony live on TV.同时本句只是一个简单句，已经有了一个主谓结构了。句意：昨天晚上有成千上万人在电视里观看了开幕式。故D正确。
3.(2014﹒北京)There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
A. solving B. solved C. being solved D.to be solved
【答案】D
【解析】本题考察的是非谓语动词的基本用法。现在分词doing表示主动或者正在进行的动作；过去分词done表示被动或者已经完成的动作，不定式to do 表示主动或者将要发生的动作。句意：在我们准备在月球上长期生活之前，还有很多问题有待于解决。根据句意可知很多问题还没有被解决，都是未来将要发生的事情，所以使用不定式。而这些问题又是要被解决的，所以使用不定式的被动语态。故D正确。
4.(2014﹒北京)The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ______..
A. recognizing B. being recognized
C. having recognized D.having been recognized
【答案】B
【解析】在非谓语动词中，介词的后面常常接动名词做宾语，所以本句中的介词without后面接动名词。句意：这位电影明星带着太阳镜，因此他可以去买东西而不被认出。根据句意可知使用的是动名词的被动语态形式。故B正确。
5.(2014﹒大纲卷)Toady there are more airplanes _____ more people than ever before in the skies.
A. carry B. carrying C. carried D. to be carrying
【答案】B
【解析】本题查看的是非谓语动词中的分词做定语用法。动词carry与前面的名词airplanes构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词短语carrying more people than ever before在句中做定语。相当于短语从句which carry more people than ever before.句义：现在太空中有更多的能够运载比以前的飞机运载更多的乘客的飞机。故B正确。
6.(2014﹒福建) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
A. Spending B. Spent C. Having spent D. To spend
【答案】C
【解析】本句考察的是分词做状语的用法。动词spend与主句主语Linda构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词在句中做状语。而spend the past year…这个动作是在主句谓语appears more mature之前就发生的，所以使用现在分词的完成式。句义：作为交换生在香港过了一年，Linda表现得比她的同龄人更为成熟。故C正确。
7.(2014﹒福建)For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying________.
A. connected B. connecting C. to connect D. to be connected
【答案】A
【解析】系动词stay/get后面经常接过去分词转换的形容词，如get paid获得报酬。Get burnt被烫伤；本句中的stay connected保持联系。句义：对于那些家人在远方的人，电脑和电话在和家人保持联系方面是很重要的。故A正确。
8.(2014﹒湖南)____your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.
A. Understanding B. To be understood
B. C. Being understood D. Having understood
【答案】A
【解析】本题考察的是非谓语动词中的动名词做主语的用法。本句中的动名词定语understanding your own needs and styles of communication在句中是主语，单个的非谓语动词做主语，谓语动词要使用单数形式。句义：理解你自己的需要和交流方式和知道表达你的爱和情绪一样重要。本句不存在被动关系，排除BC项。D项是现在分词的完成式，表示的是已经完成的动作，与句义不相符。故A正确。
9.(2014﹒湖南)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, _____at the night sky.
A. to stare B. staring C. stared D, having stared
【答案】B
【解析】本题考察的是非谓语动词做状语的用法。前面句中的隐含主语是I，主语I和后面的动词stare之间构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词做状语，表示该动词与前面句中的动词同时发生。句义：没有什么快乐可能和躺着草地上看着夜晚的天空更让人快乐！A项不定式表示的将来的动作故B正确。
10.(2014﹒湖南) ourselves from the physical and mental tensions，we each need deep thought and inner quietness.
A. Having freed B. Freed C. To free D. Freeing
【答案】C
【解析】不定式做目的状语是不定式的一个经典用法。而且本句的主语we和动词free之间构成主动关系，可以使用不定式或者现在分词。但是A项使用的是不定式的完成式，表示已经完成的动作，这不符合上下文语境。句义：为了让我们免受精神和身体压力的伤害，我们每个人都需要深入的思考和内心的安宁。
11.(2014﹒江苏)His lecture ____, a lively question-and-answer session followed.
A. being given B. having given C. to be given D. having been given
【答案】D
【解析】本题较难，a lively question-and-answer session followed是一个完整的句子，本题的两部分之间缺少连词，所以逗号前面的不能是句子，只能是一个独立主格结构。名词his lecture与动词give之间构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词表示被动，排除B项。A项表示正在进行，C项不定式表示将要进行。都符合语义，D项having been done在做状语的时候相当于done。本句的独立主格结构His lecture having been given相当于After his lecture had been given。句意：他的演讲结束后，将是一个现场问答部分。故D正确。
12.(2014﹒江苏)— ! Somebody has left the lab door open.
—Don't look at me.
A. Dear me B. Hi, there C. Thank goodness D. Come on
【答案】A
【解析】本题考察的是交际用语。Dear me天哪！（表示惊讶）Hi，there嗨，你好；Thank goodness谢天谢地；Come on加油；得了吧！句意：—天哪！有人让实验室的门开着。—不要看着我！不是我干的。根据句意可知前者对于实验室的门还开着很惊讶。故选择A项。
13.(2014﹒江西) ___nearly all our money , we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel .
A. Having spent B. To spent C. Spent D. To have spent
【答案】A
【解析】本题考察的是分词做状语用法。动词spend与句子主语we构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词spending的形式，而本句中spend all our money是发生在谓语动词之前的，所以使用现在分词的完成式having spent。句义：几乎把所有的钱都花完了，我们没有钱住宾馆了。B项通常在句中做目的状语。CD项表示被动。故A正确。
14.(2014﹒江西) He is thought ___foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job .
A. to act B. to have acted C. acting D. having acted
【答案】B
【解析】本句考察的是固定句式：Sb be though to…某人被认为…；如果表示的是一个已经完成的动作，就使用不定式的完成式，如果是正在进行的动作，就使用不定式的进行式。句义：他被认为表现很糟糕，现在他只能责怪自己丢了那份工作。根据句义可知他表现很糟糕是在丢掉工作之前，所以使用不定式的完成式。故B正确。
15.(2014﹒山东) There is a note pinned to the door______ when the shop will open again.
A. saying B. says C. said D. having said
【答案】A
【解析】本句考察的是非谓语动词中的分词做定语的用法。本句中的名词note与动词say之间构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词短语作定语。D项是现在分词的完成式，表示已经完成的动作，这在上下文中没有体现。句义：有一个纸条被钉在门上，写着：商店什么时候再开门。本句中的saying相当于定语从句which says…。故A正确。
16.(2014﹒山东) It’s standard practice for a company like this one______ a security officer.
A. employed B. being employed C. to employ D. employs
【答案】C
【解析】本题考察的是不定式的复合结构的用法。不定式的复合结构为：for sb to do sth；说明不定式动作的发出者。如：It is difficult for you to solve the problem.句义：对于像这样的公司雇佣保安是非常标准的做法。故C正确。
17.(2014﹒陕西) It’s quite hot today. Do you feel like _________ for a swim?
A. to go B. going C go D. having gone
【答案】B
【解析】本题考察的是固定搭配feel like doing sth想要做某事；动词短语feel like后面只能接动名词做宾语。句义：今天很人，你想要去游泳吗？D项表示的是已经完成的动作。故B正确。
18.(2014﹒陕西) ________ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.
A. Working out B. Worked out C. To work out D. Work out
【答案】C
【解析】本题考察的是不定式做目的状语的用法，在非谓语动词中通常只有不定式才可以表示目的状语。句义：为了算出这个数学问题，我已经咨询了拉塞尔教授好几次了。ABD三项都不能表示目的状语。故C正确。
19.(2014﹒四川) The manager was satisfied to see many new products ______ after great effort.
A. having developed B. to develop C. developed D. develop
【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是过去分词developed作感官动词see的宾语many new products的补足语，因为develop与宾语products间为被动关系，故使用过去分词。句意：经理很满意地看见在付出巨大努力之后看到很多新产品被研发出来。A项表示的是主动关系，B项不定式表示为了将要发生的事情。故C正确。
20.(2014﹒四川)— I hope to take the computer course.
— Good idea. ____ more about it, visit this website.
A. To find out B. Finding out
C. To be finding out D. Having found out
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词中的不定式用法。动词不定式可以放在句首作目的状语，译为“为了…”。句意：——我想参加这个电脑课程。——好主意。要想得到更多有关的信息，请登陆这个网站。Visit this website是一个祈使句，表示建议。故A正确。
21.(2014﹒天津) Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only ______ it didn’t fit
A. to find B. found C. finding D. having found
【答案】A
【解析】本题考察的是不定式做结果状语用法，在非谓语动词中，不定式常常和only连用，表示意料之外的结果。现在分词doing常常表示意料之中的结果。句义：很着急，她把裙子从包装里拿了出来，结果却发现裙子不合适。她很着急地试穿裙子，但是裙子不合适。说明这是意料之外的结果，所以使用A项。
22.(2014﹒天津) Clearly and thoughtfully________, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
A. writing B. to write C. written D. being written
【答案】C
【解析】本句考察的是非谓语动词做状语的用法。句中动词write与句子逐渐与the book构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以使用过去分词表示被动。排除AB项，因为AB项都表示主动，D项是现在分词的被动形式，表示动作正在被做。而本句的过去分词written表示被动和已经完成。句义：被写得很清楚很周到，这本书激励着那些追求自己生活中的答案的学生。故C正确。
23.(2014﹒浙江) Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _______ to guard her.
A. to appoint B. appointing
B. C. appointed D. having appointed
【答案】C
【解析】本句中的动词appoint任命与前面的名词nurse之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语appointed to guard her做定语来修饰前面的名词nurse。句意：残疾的Annie Salmon整个上学期间都是由一名被指定帮助他的护士照顾的。ABD三项均表示的是主动关系。故C正确。
24.(2014﹒重庆) The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ______ to our shop for quality problems.
A.turning B. returned C. to turn D. to be returned
【答案】B
【解析】本题考察的是非谓语动词中分词做定语的用法。本句中的动词return与前面的名词cameras构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语在句中做定语来修饰cameras，从语法作用上来说相当于一个定语从句which are returned ….。D项中使用的是不定式的被动形式，表示的将来要发生的事情。句意：这位生产商经常过来收集因为质量问题被退还的相机。故B正确。
25.(2014﹒重庆) Group activities will be organized after class _____children develop team spirit.
A. helping B. having helped C. helped D. to help
【答案】D
【解析】本题考察的不定式做目的状语的用法。句意：为了帮助培养孩子的团队精神，课后将要组织很多的集体活动。本句中的不定式短语to help children develop team spirit在句中做目的状语，表示组织很多集体活动的目的。其余三项通常都不用做目的状语。故B正确。
【2013年】
1.(2013﹒安徽)___ in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.
A. To found B. Founding C. Founded D. Having founded
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。句中的主语是the school, 分词做状语的时候，其逻辑主语跟句中主语必须一致，也就是说，“成立”的逻辑主语就是学校，他们之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词，排除表示主动的选项B和D，正确答案是C；至于选项A，to +did/done是不存在的，排除。
2.(2013﹒北京) Volunteering gives you a chance ______ lives, including your own.
A. change B. changing C. changed D. to change
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。从句意看，空处是定语，修饰名词chance。如果change是动词，则不能做定语；如果它是名词，则后面不能接宾语lives，故排除选项A；机会和改变之间不存在被动关系，排除选项C；改变生活的机会，逻辑上存在一种将来的含义，而不是进行，排除选项B。
3.(2013﹒安徽)______ the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.
A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。本句中，逗号之前是原因状语，由于句首和逗号之间都没有连词，可以推断前面不是句子，而只是某种结构，如果选find，则是祈使句，排除选项A；不定式做原因状语的时候，仅限于be + adj + to do的形式，排除选项C；分词做状语的时候，其逻辑主语跟句中主语要保持一致，即“发现”的逻辑主语是“she”，他们之间是主动关系，而过去分词表被动，排除选项D。
4.(2013﹒安徽)When we saw the road ______ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
A. block B. to block C. blocking D. blocked
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。when引导的时间状语从句中，the road是宾语，其后的空处是做宾语的补足语，路跟堵之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，
5.(2013﹒福建)_____ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
A. Known B. Having known C. Knowing D. Being known
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。will help是句子的谓语部分，_____ basic first-aid techniques是句子的主语部分，起逻辑主语是you，与Known构成主动关系，所以用动词-ing做主语。D是被动关系。
6.(2013﹒福建)Anyone, once ____ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.
A. to be tested B. being tested C. tested D. to test
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。解题关键：判断非谓语动词的时态和语态。once ____ positive for H7N9 flu virus,在句中做定语，逻辑主语是Anyone，与test构成被动关系，排除D；A表示即将进行检测，与句意不符；B表示正在进行，也与句意不符；本句属于“先确诊，后治疗”，过去分词表示被动的、完成的动作。所以选C。
7.(2013﹒湖南)The sun began to rise in the sky，________ the mountain in golden light.
A． bathed B.Bathing C.to have bathed D.having bathed
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。现在分词作伴随状语。解题思路：空格后有宾语，排除bathed；“太阳升起”在前，“那座山沐浴在金色的阳光中”在后，排除C、D。
8.(2013﹒湖南)You cannot accept an opinion ________to you unless it is based on facts.
A.offering B.to offer
C.having offered D.Offered
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。过去分词作定语修饰opinion。解题思路：分析句子结构得知—____ to you 作定语修饰opinion，offer和opinion是动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语，表被动。
9.(2013﹒湖南)________ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnights so I could refill it.
A． Staying B.Stayed B.To stay D.Stay
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。不定式做目的状语，给柴炉添柴火的目的是保持暖和，故选择C。
10.(2013﹒江苏)Lionel Messi, ______ the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.
A. set B. setting C. to set D. having set
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词用法。解题关键：判断非谓语动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构得知，Lionel Messi is considered the most talented football player in Europe为主句， _____ the record for the most goals in a calendar year在句中作状语，set与逻辑主语Lionel Messi构成主动关系，故先排除A；再根据句意，“创立记录在先，被认为是最有才华球员在后”，故用having set。所以选D。
11.(2013﹒江西)If _____ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A. asked B. to ask C. asking D. having asked
【答案】A
【解析】.考查省略句。在if引导的从句中，如果从句的主要动词是be，常将主语和be省略。解题关键：观察题目与选项。本题主句是祈使句，祈使句通常是动词原形开头，省略主语you，再观察选项，ask与you是动宾关系，因此从句的完整表达方式是if you are asked……。因此，锁定答案A.
12.(2013﹒辽宁)Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail ______ for her.
A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. was waiting
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。在there be句型中，wait只可以做非谓语，故先排除D。wait做后置定语，修饰a pile of mail，构成主动关系，再排除A。动词不定式to wait表示将要，现在分词waiting表示正在进行，根据句意，“有一堆邮件正在等着她”。故选C。
13.(2013﹒山东)The room is empty except for a bookshelf _____ in one corner.
A. standing B. to stand C. stands D. stood
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查的是非谓语动词。。_____ in one corner在句中做后置定语，修饰bookshelf，语态根据其逻辑主语a bookshelf和stand之间的逻辑关系来断定，二者之间为主谓关系，即主动关系，应用现在分词；而to stand表将来或表目的，与句意矛盾；C项stands为谓语，此句中已经有谓语is empty，所以可排除；而D项stood为过去分词，表示被动或完成；用在此句中显然也不符合要求。
14.(2013﹒山东)I stopped the car _____ a short break as I was feeling tired.
A. take B. taking C. to take D. taken
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。A项动词原形做谓语，不符合语法；B项现在分词taking则和the car构成了主谓关系，成了汽车休息；C项为动词不定式做目的状语。不定式做目的状语时，句子的主语就是不定式动作的发出者。我停下车来我去休息一会儿。D项taken和the car构不成被动关系。不能说车被休息，所以可排除。
15.(2013﹒山东) _______ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn’t want to eat there again.
A. Having eaten B. to eat C. Eat D. Eating
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查分词短语做状语。因为本句中以前在这家餐厅吃过饭的动作发生的时间显然要早于主句的动作即不愿再去那里就餐这一动作发生的时间，所以应用V-ing的完成式即having done。所以答案为A。B项to eat表示目的；C项eat动词原形不能做非谓语；D项eating表示主动，不符合句意。
16.(2013﹒陕西)Let those in need ______ that we will go all out to help them.
A. to understand B. understand C. understanding D. understood
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词中的不定式做宾语补足语。从句意上看，空处表达的是“让某人做某事”，而let 之后的宾语接不定式作宾语的时候，要省去不定式符号to，即要用let sb do 的形式，故答案是B。
17.(2013﹒陕西)The witnesses ______ by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.
A. questioned B. being questioned C. to be questioned D. having questioned
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词做定语。解题关键是判断出动词的时态和语态。从语态上看，证人是被询问，排除选项D；从时态上看，just now以及gave是关键词，说明动作是过去发生的，排除选项B，C。
18.(2013﹒上海)The judge gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really ______.
A. to be worried B. to worry C. having worried D. worried
【答案】D
【解析】题干的意思是：“法官们没有暗示他们的想法，所以，我满怀担心的离开了房间”。本句中，需要一个形容词说明主语的状态，语法上叫做“主语补足语”。只有选项D. worried是形容词，可以修饰主语。其他三个选项都是非谓语动词的不同形式，都不对。
19.(2013﹒上海)The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ______ society of real-life experience.
A. explore B. to explore C. exploring D. explored
【答案】B
【解析】题干的意思是：“学生们在盼望着有一个去探索社会，获得现实生活经验的机会”。本题中，动词不定式作opportunity的后置定语。可以直接记住搭配：have an opportunity to do sth.（有做……的机会）。
20.(2013﹒上海)Young people may risk ______ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.
A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone
【答案】C
【解析】题干的意思是：“年轻人如果每天都接触非常嘈杂的音乐，就可能有失聪的危险”。因为risk后用动名词做宾语，先排除A，B。D选项having gone完成式表示动作发生在谓语动词之前，显然不对，只是有可能失聪，并未发生。
21.(2013﹒上海)Sophia got an e-mail ______ her credit card account number
A. asking for B. ask for
C. asked for D. having asked for
【答案】A
【解析】题干的意思是：“索菲亚收到了一封向她索要信用卡账号的电子邮件”。分析句子结构，______ her credit card account number做后置定语，修饰an e-mail。ask for和an e-mail构成主动关系，所以用现在分词形式，相当于定语从句which asked for her credit card account number。
22.(2013﹒四川)______ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.
A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not known D. Known not
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。此句的前半部分是分词做原因状语，动词know和女孩之间是主动关系，故要用现在分词，不能用过去分词，排除选项C，D；非谓语动词的否定形式是在它的前面加否定词not，排除选项B，正确答案是A。
23.(2013﹒四川)The airport _______ next year will help promote tourism in this area.
A. being completed B. to be completed C. completed D. having been completed
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。空处是机场的定语，本题的关键词是next year,既然是明年，那就应该是未来的动作，非谓语动词中，只有不定式的一般式具有将来含义，故正确答案是to be comleted；选项A是现在分词的被动式，意思是正在竣工；选项C是过去分词，意思是已经竣工；选项D是现在分词完成式的被动语态，意思也是已经竣工，均不合题意，排除。
24.(2013﹒天津)In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words ______ in daily conversations.
A. using B. to use C. having used D. used
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。本句中的used为动词的过去分词短语做后置定语修饰words，非谓语动词use和其逻辑主语words之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系，即被动关系所以用过去分词。
25.(2013﹒新课标卷II)I got to the office earlier that day, ______ the 7:30 train from Paddington
A. caught B. to have caught C. to catch D. having caught
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。本题的解题关键是先弄清句中两个动作之间的关系：“到办公室早”是赶上七点半火车的结果，或者说，正是因为赶上了七点半的车，才导致了“到办公室早”的结果，可见，空处是原因状语；由于不定式做原因状语的时候，仅限于这种句型：be + adj + to do ，此处显然不是，排除选项B，C；caught如果是过去式，则它前面缺少连词and，而且即使有and，语意上也说不过去；caught如果是过去分词，那就表被动，而赶车和我之间是主动关系，所以排除选项A，正确答案是D。此处用现在分词的完成式，是因为赶车是在到达办公室之前发生的。句意为那天我赶上了七点半到 Paddington 的火车，结果很早就到了办公室。
26.(2013﹒新课标卷I)They might just have a place ________ on the writing course— why don’t you give it a try?
A. leave B. left C. leaving D. to leave
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构得知，they might just have a place为主谓宾结构，might have是谓语动词，因此实意动词leave在句中用非谓语形式。这样答案锁定了B、C和D。根据句意可知，空白处在句中作定语，限制修饰名词place。leave（留下……）相对于被修饰名词place而言，leave是被动动作，故正确答案排除了C和D，因为C和D分别是现在分词和不定式的主动式，表示一个主动动作。句意为他们可能还有个学习写作课的机会，你为什么不试一试呢？
27.(2013﹒新课标卷I)The drive wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ________ .
A. not to do B. not to C. not do D. do not
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查动词不定式的省略。根据句意可知，警察要求司机不要把车停在路边。“要求某人做某事”ask sb. to do sth. ；“被要求做某事”be asked to do sth.。由此正确答案锁定A和B。“警察要求司机不要把车停在路边”的完整表达应该是：The driver was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside. 为避免重复，题干中的空缺处是一个省略了的动词不定式。当一个不定式给省略掉时，to常常保留下来，表示省略了一个不定式。故最佳答案是B。A选项中的实意动词do常用作及物动词，需要有自己的宾语，如果本选项改为not to do it则也是正确答案。
28.(2013﹒新课标卷I)The sunlight is white and blinding, _______ hard-edged shadows on the ground.
A. throwing B. being thrown C. to throw D. to be thrown
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。_______ hard-edged shadows on the ground 在句中作结果状语，其逻辑主语和句子的主语保持一致。显然，句子主语the sunlight是throw动作的执行者，throw相对于the sunlight而言是主动动作，故答案锁定A和C，因为选项B和D分别是现在分词和不定式的被动式，表示一个被动动作。非谓语动词中的现在分词和不定式都可作结果状语，但前者表示自然的结果，而后者表示出人意料的结果。阳光炽白炫目，在地上投下浓重的阴影不出乎人们的意外，故选A。
29.(2013﹒浙江)_______ how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
A. Hearing B. Hear C. Having heard D. To be hearing
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。本题关键要分析句子结构，先找谓语动词creates排除B，后找主语，这里应该用动名词做主语，to be hearing不能作主语，排除D， having done强调先后顺序， heaving heard的意思是“先听到，后添加一份喜悦”,故排除C。
30.(2013﹒浙江)There are some health problems that, when ______ in time, can become bigger ones later on.
A. not treated B. not being treated
C. not to be treated D. not have been treated
【答案】A
【解析】考查 省略、非谓语动词。 when 后面如果用完整的句子表达，它的主语就是problems，因此主语和它后面的be 动词可以一起省略，相当于“ when they are not treated”。
31.(2013﹒重庆)When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, ______ me stories till I fell asleep.
A. having told B. telling C. told D. to tell
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。坐在我床边是主动作，给我讲故事是伴随着发生的次要动作，此时通常用分词做伴随情况状语，由于讲故事不是在坐在床边这个动作之前发生的，所以排除选项A；如果用told，则前面不该用逗号，应该用连词and，并且应该用tell的形式，与前面的used to do 呼应，排除选项C；不定式放在一个动作之后，并且中间有逗号隔开，通常都是做结果状语，并且是一种意料之外的结果，但此处讲故事显然不是坐在床边的一种结果，排除选项D。
32.(2013﹒重庆)The engine just won't start. Something seems ______ wrong with it.
A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词中的不定式。首先，seem之后常接不定式，表示“似乎怎么样了”，不接doing；其次，出问题是发生在seem之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。
【2012年】
1.(2012﹒江西)John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter him it.
A.offered B.offering C.to offer D.to be offered
【答案】B
【解析】offer的逻辑主语为空格前名词letter，根据句意，两者语态为主动关系，且表伴随，故选B。
2.(2012﹒湖南)We've had a good start, but next, more work needs ____ to achieve the final success.
A.being done B.do C.to be done D.to do
【答案】C
【解析】因为work与do为被动关系，而need后表被动用-ing的主动形式表被动含义，或用不定式的被动形式，故选C。谓语与非谓语动词 不定式的被动语态 作宾语 短语need to be done。
3.(2012﹒重庆)Before you quit your job, ______how your family would feel about your decision.
A. consider B. considering C. to consider D. considered
【答案】A
【解析】结合选项来分析句子结构，逗号前为时间状语从句，后面实际上是一个祈使句。由此可知，A选项符合题意。因此，正确答案为A选项。
4.(2012﹒重庆)We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ______ at the meeting will in the future of our company.
A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made
【答案】 A
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空白处为后置定语，与被修饰的名词是逻辑上的被动关系，而且是将要发生的动作。由此可知，表示被动和将来的A选项符合题意。B表示被动进行，C表示被动完成，D表示被动完成，但是不作定语。因此，正确答案为A选项。
5.(2012﹒重庆)______to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked
【答案】A
【解析】逗号前为原因状语，空白处与句子的主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，由此可排除表示主动关系的B和C选项，D选项常作目的和结果状语，不作原因状语，也可排除，而A选项为现在分词完成式的被动形式，可作时间状语、原因状语、结果状语、伴随状语等。因此，正确答案为A选项。
6.(2012﹒辽宁)This machine is very easy . Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
A. operating B. to be operating C. operated D. to operate
【答案】D
【解析】在句型“主语+be+adj+to do”中，如果这个主语是动词do的逻辑宾语，故用主动表被动，所以选D。
7.(2012﹒四川)I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.
A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound
【答案】 C
【解析】此题考查现在分词作宾语补足语。winding its way与宾语snake之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行，故选C。
8.(2012﹒四川)Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____.
A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash
【答案】 A
【解析】考查过去分词作宾语补足语。此题中使役动词get后接的宾语car与作宾语补足语的动词wash之间为被动关系，构成短语：get sth. done。故答案选A。句意为：在驱车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。
9.(2012﹒陕西)________ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad .
A. Standing B. To stand C. Stood D. Stand
【答案】A
【解析】非谓语动词短语后有逗号，说明非谓语动词做题干的状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语we，非谓语动词与逻辑主语是主动关系，且其动作与谓语动词wait的动作同时进行，用动词v-ing的一般式，选A。
10.(2012﹒陕西)If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ______ an even greater challenge.
A. meets B. meeting C. meet D. to meet
【答案】D
【解析】所填词与前文构成固定句型have no choice but to do sth，故选D。
11. One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them.
A. corrects B. correct C.to correct D. correcting
【答案】D
【解析】并列结构，making与correcting并列。
12.(2012﹒北京)_______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use
【答案】C
【解析】tin和use是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。
13.(2012﹒全国卷II)The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _____ anything that happened to be on.
A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. to have watched
【答案】A
【解析】此处happy to watch anything that happened to be on作sat的目的状语。句意：那位老人每天晚上坐在电视机前，高兴地看要上演的任何节目。
14.(2012﹒全国卷II)Tony lent me the money, ______that I’d do as much for him.
A. hoping B. to hope C. hoped D. having hoped
【答案】A
【解析】此处现在分词短语hoping that I’d do as much for him作伴随状语。句意：Tony借给我了钱，希望我加倍还他。
15.(2012﹒北京)Birds’ singing is sometimes a warning to other birds ________ away.
A. to stay B. staying C. stayed D. stay
【答案】A
【解析】非谓语考点，目的状语用不定式。
16.(2012﹒全国新课程卷)Film has a much shorter history, especially when such art forms as music and painting.
A. having compared to B. comparing to
C. compare to D. compared to
【答案】D
【解析】此处是被省略的时间状语从句，其相当于：when film is compared to such art forms as music and
painting. 这里film和compare之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。又因为主语一致，所以film被省略。句意：电影的历史短的多，尤其是当它和像音乐和绘画这样的艺术形式相比时。
17.(2012﹒全国新课程卷)The party will be held in the garden, weather .
A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit
【答案】A
【解析】此处主句的主语party 和weather不一致，所以weather保留，作permitting的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。另外，weather与permit之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。
18.(2012﹒山东) After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ___.
A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. provide
【答案】B
【解析】此处动词provide与其逻辑主语envelope之间是被动关系，在句中作定语，相当于which is provided。句意为：完成并签名后，请把表格放入我们提供的信封内送回。
19. (2012﹒山东) George returned after the war, only _______ that his wife had left him.
A. to be told B. telling
C. being told D. told
【答案】A
【解析】此处only to do/be done表示意料之外的结果；现在分词作结果状语则表示自然的结果。这里George和tell之间是被动关系，因此用to be told。句意：乔治战争后回到家，结果被告知妻子已经离开了。
20.(2012﹒福建)一 Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?
—$4,000, or like that.
A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing
【答案】C
【解析】something like that 意为“大致如此，差不多这样”，something在本句中是表示不确定的描述或数量，“大致，左右”的意思。比如：She called at something after ten o’clock.她10点多钟来过电话。It tastes something like melon. 这吃起来有点像甜瓜。They pay six pounds an hour. Something like that. 他们按每小时六英镑付费。大致如此。
21.(2012﹒福建)China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea.
A. attacking B. having attacked C. being attacked D. having been attacked
【答案】C
【解析】prevent sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，本句中的fishing boats和attack是被动关系，所以选择C项，句意：中国最近加紧黄岩岛的水域控制来阻止中国渔船在中国南海被袭击。
22.(2012﹒福建)Pressed from his parents, and ______that he has wasted too much time , the boy is determined to stop playing video games.
A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized
【答案】A
【解析】首先要弄清楚本句中的and连接的成分是非谓语动词做状语，主语与press是被动关系，但是与realize是主动，“被父母迫使同时自己也意识到他已经浪费了太多时间，这个男孩决定停止玩电脑游戏。本题考查非谓语动词的难度挺大，主要是很多学生看到pressed后就不知道realize在句中做什么成分，所以本题关键有两个，一个是and并列的成分是什么，然后就是realize与主语the boy的关系。
23.(2012﹒浙江) "It's a such nice place," Mother said as she sat at the table________ for customs.
A. to be reserved B. Living reserved C. reserving D. reserved
【答案】D
【解析】reserve和谓语动词sat之间没有连词，故用非谓语，且和其逻辑主语the table逻辑上构成被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动、完成的概念，在句子中做后置定语。
24.(2012﹒浙江)I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should cither study regularly or______ his job.
A. quits B. to quit C. quitting D. quit
【答案】D
【解析】 either…or+并列结构，前后形式上保持一致，由此与study相呼应，故答案选D，用动词原形。
25.(2012﹒浙江)No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it's better______silent.
A. remain B. be remaining C. having remained D. to remain
【答案】D
【解析】it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式：to remain silent. 可归结为句型：it is +形容词/名词+to do/that…。当然it也可以做形式宾语，如find/feel it +to do/that….。
26.(2012﹒江苏) ______an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base
【答案】B
【解析】动词base与逻辑主语you之间构成主谓关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故选B项。
27.(2012﹒安徽)When ______for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A. asking B. asked C. having asked D. to be asked
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词，逻辑主语是Philip, 还原句子 When Philip was asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
28.(2012﹒安徽)I remembered ______the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked
【答案】B
【解析】Remember后面既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词，如果选择A，这与后面的before I left the office是相矛盾的，只能选择答案B. C 和D 都是完成时，他们表示比主句动词发生的时间更早，没有必要。
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