英语通用版八年级下宾语从句讲解及习题有答案学案

这是一份英语通用版八年级下宾语从句讲解及习题有答案学案，共4页。学案主要包含了宾语从句的种类，宾语从句的语序，宾语从句的否定转移，宾语从句的简化等内容，欢迎下载使用。
例如：
I want t knw if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I culd help him.
只能用whether不能用if的情况：
1）在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
例：Everything depends n whether we have enugh mney。
2）宾语从句中有r nt时不用if引导.
例：I dn’t knw whether the mvie star will cme r nt.
3）和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.
例：Whether t g there r nt hasn’t been decided.
二、宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) yu will like this schl sn.
Can yu tell me hw I can get t z?
宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，
既：1. 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。
2. 主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。
例:1） She says that she is a student.
She said that she was a student.
2）She says that she will fly t Japan in a week.
She said that she wuld fly t Japan in a week.
3）She says that she has finished her hmewrk already.
She said that she had finished her hmewrk already.
3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
例：The teacher said that the earth ges rund the sun.
He tld me that Japan is an island cuntry.
四、宾语从句的否定转移
当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppse, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。I dn’t think it is right fr him t treat yu like that.
主句的谓语动词think, believe, imagine, suppse, cnsider, expect, fancy, guess等，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。
I dn’t believe that man is killed by Jim, is he?
I expect ur English teacher will be back this weekend, wn't she/he?
We suppse yu have finished the prject, haven't yu?
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词(不包含带有否定前缀的词，如：unhappy，unfair，dislike等), 其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.
We find that he never listens t the teacher carefully, des he?
当主句的主语是第二、三人称时，其反义疑问句一般与主句保持一致。
Yur sister suppses she needs n help, desn't she?
Yu thught they culd have cmpleted the prject, didn't yu?
They dn't believe she's an engineer, d they?
She desn't expect that we are cming s sn, des she?
五、宾语从句的简化
1. 当主句谓语动词是hpe, decide, wish, chse, agree, prmise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如：
Li Ming hpes he will be back very sn. →Li Ming hpes t be back very sn.
We decided that we wuld help him. →We decided t help him.
2. 当主句谓语动词是knw, learn, remember, frget, tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：
She has frgtten hw she can pen the windw. →She has frgtten hw t pen the windw.
注：当主句谓语动词是tell, ask, shw, teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：
Culd yu tell me hw I can get t the statin？ →Culd yu tell me hw t get t the statin？
3. 当主句的谓语动词是rder（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。例如：
The headmaster rdered that we shuld start at nce. → The headmaster rdered us t start at nce.
4. 某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。例如：
He insisted that he shuld g with us. →He insisted n ging with us.
The pr by desn’t knw when and where he was brn. →The pr by desn’t knw the time and the place f his birth.
5. 某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语” 结构。例如：
Liu Ping fund that there was a wallet lying n the grund. → Liu Ping fund a wallet lying n the grund.
6. 动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如：
It seemed that the bys were ging t win. →The bys seemed t win.
除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如：
I fund that it was difficult t learn English well. →I fund it difficult t learn English well.
Sn we fund that the grund was cvered with thick snw. →Sn we fund the grund cvered with thick snw.
They fund that the bx was very heavy. →They fund the bx very heavy.
宾语从句练习
一．用合适的连接词填空
1. Wang Hai tld me _____ he didn't g hiking yesterday afternn.(hw, why)
2. Can yu tell me ______ else is ging t be n duty tday (wh, whm)
3. She said _____ it wuldn't matter much.(that, if)
4. He always thinks ______ he can d better.(hw, wh)
5. I really dn't knw ________ the bridge will be finished.(hw lng, hw sn)
6. They dn't knw _______ we are ging hiking. (when, what)
7. She wanted t knw _______ her cat wuld be ready the next day. (when, if)
8. I was really surprised at ______ I saw. (what, wh)
9. I dn't knw ______ s many peple crwding rund him. (hw, why)
10. D yu knw ______ shirt it is (whse, wh's)
二. 选择题
1. I dn't knw _____ he will be back hme.
A. wh B. what C. when D. where
2. Culd yu tell me ___________
A. where d yu live B. wh yu are waiting fr
C. wh were yu waiting fr D. where yu live in
3. D yu still remember _______
A. that he said B. what he said C. did he say that D. what did he say
4. I can't understand ______the by alne.
A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had leftD. why had she left
5. She tld me the sun ______ in the east.
A. rise B. rse C. rises D. had risen
6. They tried t find ut ______ the new train ________.
A. hw far/had gneB. hw lng/has gne C. hw far/went D. hw far had/run
7. The manager came up t see __________.
A. what was the matterB. what the matter was
C. what the matter is D. what's the matter
8. Can yu tell me ___________
A. where are yu ding B. where d yu study
C. where yu were ding D. where yu study
9. It’s up t yu t decide _______ yu’ll g there, by air r by rad.
A. hw B. why C. that D. when
10. He asked his father _______.
A. where it happens B. where did it happen
C. hw it happened D. hw did it happen
11. I dn’t knw when __________.
A. will the train leave B. the train will leave
C. wuld the train leave D. the train leave
12. Culd yu please teach me _______ the cmputer.
A. hw checkB. t checkC. hw t check D. t hw checking
13. ____ he'll cme r nt isn't imprtant.
A. Why B. If C. Whether D. What
14. Wuld yu like t knw _____they will d it r nt.
A. if B. that C. whether D. why
15. I want t knw_________.
A. what is his name B. what’s his nameC. that his name isD. what his name is
16. Our hmewrk has changed a lt. Wh can tell ___ it wuld be like in ____five years.
A. hw, anther B. what, mre C. hw, ther D. what, anther
17. — Culd yu tell me ______ — Yes. He ____ t the USA.
A. where is he/ has been B. where he is/ has gne
C. where was he/ has been D. where he was/ has gne
18. —Mike wants t knw if ____ a picnic tmrrw.
—Yes. But if it _______, we'll visit the museum instead.
A. yu have/ will rain B. yu will have/ will rain
C. yu will have/ rains D. will yu have/ rains
19. I dn't knw if he ______tmrrw. If he ________tmrrw, I'll meet him.
A. will cme/ cmes B. cmes/ cmes C. will cme/ will cmeD. cmes/ will cme
20. I really dn't knw if she _______ it when she ________.
A. finds/ arrives B. finds/ will arriveC. will find/ will arrive D. will find/ arrives
21. The girls asked if they ____ sme fd and drink with them.
A. tk B. take C. takes D. will take
22. ---Culd yu tell me ______ she is lking fr?
A. that B. whse C. wh D. which
23. Culd yu tell me _______ the bike this mrning?
A. hw des he mendB. hw he mendsC. hw he mended D. hw did he mend
24. She asked Linda if___ g and get sme.
A. culd she B. she culd C. she can D. she may
25. Linda said the mn___ rund the earth.
A. traveledB. has travelled C. travells D. had traveled
26. What did Mike say? He said ________.
A. if yu were free the next week B. what clur was it
C. the weather is fine D. summer cmes after spring
27. Tm asked my friend ________________.
A. that the earth is bigger than the mn B. where was he frm
C. when did he cme back D. nt t be s angry
28. Let me tell yu ____
A. hw much is the car B. hw much des the car cst
C. hw much did I pay fr the car D. hw much I spent n the car
29. Peter knew _______________.
A. whether he has finished reading the bkB. why the by had s many questins
C. there were 12 mnths in a year D. when they will leave fr Paris
30. I hear that he ______ t Beijing yesterday.
A. ges B. will g C. went D. have gne
31. I haven't seen ___________ befre.
A. s an interesting film B. such an interesting film
C. s interesting film D. such interesting a film
32. I _________ that we will visit the farm next week.
A. didn't suppse B. dn't suppse C. never suppsed D. suppsed
33. I dn’t think he is right, __________?
A. isn’t he B. is he C. d I D. dn’t I
34. He believes she is right, __________?
A. desn’t he B. des he C. is she D. isn’t she
35. I thught that he disliked playing ftball, __________?
A. didn’t he B. did he C. did I D. didn’t I
三. 将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句.
(1)These flwers are frm Guangdng. He said.
He said _______ these flwers _______ frm Guangdng.
(2)Light travels faster than sund. My teacher tld me.
My teacher tld me ________ light _________ faster than sund.
(3)There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn't knw.
Jack didn't knw ________ there ________ ______ a meeting in five days.
(4)Can they speak French? I want t knw.
I want t knw ________ _________ _________ _________ French.
(5)Are the children playing games? Tell me.
Tell me _________ the children _________ _________ games.
(6) “Have yu finished yur hmewrk yet?” Mr. Zha asked Ma Cha.
Mr. Zha asked Ma Cha _________ _________ _________ ________ ________ hmewrk yet.
(7)Hw many peple can yu see in the picture? Wh knws
Wh knws _______ _______ _______ _______ ________ _________ in the picture
(8)Where did she park her car? D yu knw?
D yu knw _______ _______ _______ her car
(9)What des he ften talk abut? The girl wndered.
The girl wndered _______ _______ ften ___________ abut.
(10)Wh kncked at the dr s ludly? I dn't knw.
I dn’t knw _________ _________ at the dr s ludly.
答案：一、1. why 2. wh 3. that 4. hw 5. hw sn 6. when 7. if 8. what
9. why 10. whse
二、1-10 CBBAC ABDAC 11-20 BCCCD DBCAD 21-30 ACCBC DDDBC
31-35 BBBAA
三、1. that, were 2. that travels 3. that, wuld be 4. if/whether they can speak
5. if/whether, are playing 6. if/whether he had finished his
7. hw many peple yu can see 8. where she parked 9. what he, talked
10. wh kncked