高考英语课后达标检测：British and American English Word版解析版

这是一份高考英语课后达标检测：British and American English Word版解析版，共8页。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·太原模拟)Gabriella’s family immigrated t the US frm Peru when she was tw years ld. As a cmpund bilingual(熟谙两种语言的人), Gabriella develps tw linguistic cdes at the same time, with a set f cncepts, learning bth English and Spanish. Her teenage brther, n the ther hand, might be a crdinate bilingual, wrking with tw sets f cncepts, learning English in schl, Spanish at hme. Finally, Gabriella’s parents are likely t be subrdinate bilinguals wh learned a secnd language by translating it int their mther tngue.
Regardless f accent and prnunciatin, all types f bilingual peple can becme fully prficient in a language. It seems that the difference may nt be apparent. But recently brain imaging technlgy has given a glimpse int hw specific aspects f language learning affect the bilingual brain. It’s well knwn that the brain’s left hemisphere(半球) is in charge f lgical prcesses, while the right hemisphere is mre active in emtinal and scial nes. Language invlves bth types f functins. Critical perid hypthesis says children learn languages mre easily because their develping brains let them use bth hemispheres in language learning, while in mst adults, language relies n ne hemisphere, usually the left.
Befre the 1960s, bilingualism was cnsidered a handicap that slwed the children’s develpment by frcing them t spend t much energy distinguishing between languages. But a recent study did shw that bilingualism may make yu smarter. It des make yur brain mre cmplex, healthier, and mre actively engaged, and even if yu didn’t have the gd frtune f learning a secnd language like a child, it’s never t late t d yurself a favr and make the linguistic leap frm “Hell” t “Hla” “Bnjur” r “niha” because when it cmes t ur brains, a little exercise can g a lng way.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，双语学习能使大脑更加聪明、更加健康、更活跃；学习外语永远不迟。
1．Why is Gabriella’s family used as the example in Paragraph 1?
A．T shw that the family are bilinguals.
B．T explain the advantages f bilinguals.
C．T illustrate the three types f bilinguals.
D．T prve all ages can learn freign languages.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，Gabriella家中有三种不同的双语学习类型的人，据此可知，第一段以Gabriella的家庭为例是为了说明三种不同双语学习类型的人，故C项正确。
2．Why d the children learn languages mre easily than adults?
A．Because they learn languages with a set f cncepts.
B．Because they use bth hemispheres t learn languages.
C．Because their mther tngue desn’t influence them much.
D．Because they can easily translate ne language int anther.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句中的“children learn languages mre easily because their develping brains let them use bth hemispheres in language learning, while in mst adults, language relies n ne hemisphere, usually the left”可知，儿童学习语言更容易是因为他们发育中的大脑让他们在语言学习中使用两个大脑半球，而在大多数成年人中，学习语言依赖于一个大脑半球，通常是左半球，故B项正确。
3．Which f the fllwing best explains the underlined wrd “handicap” in Paragraph 3?
A．Disease. B．Disability.
C．Disadvantage. D．Illness.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Befre the 1960s, bilingualism was cnsidered a handicap that slwed the children’s develpment by frcing them t spend t much energy distinguishing between languages.”尤其是该句中的“slwed”和“frcing them t spend t much energy distinguishing between languages”并结合语境可推知，画线词与C项“不利因素，障碍”意思相近，故C项正确。
4．What can we infer frm the text?
A．The left brain is mre imprtant fr language learning.
B．Learning languages can prmte the brain develpment.
C．The prficiency f language becmes weak gradually with age.
D．Immigrants have advantages in learning languages ver natives.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句中的“But a recent study did shw that bilingualism may make yu smarter. It des make yur brain mre cmplex, healthier, and mre actively engaged”可知，最近的一项研究确实表明，双语可能会让你更聪明。它确实会让你的大脑更复杂、更健康、更活跃；据此可推知，学习语言会促进大脑的发展，故B项正确。
B
(2020·郑州高三第二次质量预测)Thmas Cheatham had planned t study Latin during his time at Hebrn High Schl in Texas. But when he learned that the schl district was ging t ffer a Mandarin(普通话) class, he quickly changed his mind.
“I thught Mandarin wuld be mre beneficial than Latin，” said Cheatham, wh is nw in his secnd year f studying the language.
He speaks Mandarin t rder fd at Chinese restaurants and can read scial media psts frm his Chinese­speaking friends. While it’s a difficult language t master, the high schl junir, wh plans t study cmputer engineering, thinks it will be imprtant fr his career. “Chinese is a gd language t knw, especially with China becming a grwing pwer，” he said.
Many experts agree that prficiency(熟练) in a language spken by a billin peple wrldwide will give American students an edge in the glbal ecnmy.
“Peple are lking at China as ur next ecnmic cmpetitr, and interest in Mandarin is grwing fast，” said Marty Abbtt, directr f the American Cuncil n the Teaching f Freign Languages. “We’re seeing it in all parts f the cuntry.”
Abbtt predicts that as many as 100，000 students are nw studying Mandarin in public and private schls thrughut the US. She said the US gvernment has designated(指定) Mandarin as an “imprtant need” language and prvides prfessinal develpment prgrams fr teachers. “Our gvernment wants t increase ur language ability fr ecnmic cmpetitiveness，” Abbtt added.
At the same time, the Chinese gvernment is spreading knwledge f the Chinese language and culture thrugh Cnfucius Institutes set up in many US states. Fr example, the Cnfucius Institute at the University f Texas at Dallas has been the hme f a Cnfucius Institute fr 10 years. It spnsrs Cnfucius Classrms at 21 lcal public and private schls, where tens f thusands f students are learning Mandarin.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了普通话在美国学生中日益流行。
5．Why did Thmas Cheatham decide t study Mandarin instead f Latin?
A．Mandarin was easier t learn than Latin.
B．Mandarin culd be helpful t his future career.
C．Mandarin might help him learn mre abut China.
D．Mandarin culd enable him t study cmputer engineering.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“While it’s a difficult language t master, the high schl junir, wh plans t study cmputer engineering, thinks it will be imprtant fr his career.”可知，Thmas Cheatham认为学习普通话对他的未来职业有帮助，所以才决定学习普通话。
6．The underlined wrd “edge” in Paragraph 4 prbably means “________”．
A．a slight advantage B．the utside limit
C．a sharp tne f vice D．an exciting quality
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据语境尤其是第三段最后一句中的“Chinese is a gd language t knw, especially with China becming a grwing pwer”和第四段第一句中的“a language spken by a billin peple”可知，随着中国的发展，学习普通话大有裨益，由此可推知，学习普通话让美国学生在全球经济中有一定的优势，这与文章第五段的内容呼应。故画线词意为“优势”，与A项含义相近。
7．Which f the fllwing statements might Marty Abbtt agree with?
A．Mandarin shuld be taught in classrms thrughut the US.
B．Thse skilled at Chinese will be the mst cmpetitive in the future.
C．The US gvernment’s plicy has helped ppularize Mandarin in the US.
D．Americans learn Mandarin because they wrry abut their ecnmic security.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据语境尤其是对第六段的整体理解可推知，在Marty Abbtt看来，美国政府的政策有助于普通话在美国的推广。
8．What des the authr mainly talk abut in this passage?
A．The rising ppularity f Mandarin amng American students.
B．The great benefits f learning Mandarin fr American students.
C．The influence f China’s grwing pwer n American educatin.
D．The effect f Cnfucius Institutes in prmting Mandarin in the US.
A 解析：主旨大意题。根据对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述的是普通话在美国学生中日益流行的现象，这与最后一段的进一步论述呼应。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·湖北武昌区调研)Very few f us becme fluent in anther language by studying it in high schl. I made an effrt t keep up the little bit f French that I learned in schl, but eventually realized that this was __1__. I was well aware that new languages are best learned when __2__， and that ur abilities in that regard decline with age. __3__， just befre my 50th birthday, I __4__ fr French classes.
After I was __5__ t see which grup I belnged in, I was __6__ at almst the intrductry level. I fund that it really was true that certain linguistic(语言的) abilities __7__ with age. While I’d always thught f myself as a(n) __8__ learner, that was n lnger the case. I absrbed new vcabulary very __9__. What I learned ne week ag seemed t __10__ as sn as I learned the next skill.
Nw, a cuple f years later, I can listen t the news in French and __11__ 90 percent f it n the first try and read a nvel if it’s nt t difficult.
Wh knws what I might still __12__？
I’ve learned s much __13__ grammar and vcabulary. I’ve met peple frm arund the wrld and all walks f life wh have the __14__ t make fls f themselves in rder t __15__ smething new. I’ve been taught by patient and inspiratinal teachers frm many __16__ f the wrld, including France, Eastern Eurpe, the Caribbean and Africa.
Listening t the news as it is __17__ t the peple f France, I have a renewed __18__ f hw smething can lk cmpletely different frm anther __19__. I’ve learned that a language is nt just a set f wrds, but a way f __20__. But mst f all, I’ve learned that it really is never t late t learn smething new.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者学习法语的经历告诉我们要活到老，学到老。
1．A.unbelievable B．pintless
C．unbearable D．valueless
B 解析：根据该句“I made an effrt t keep up the little bit f French that I learned in schl, but eventually realized that this was ______．”以及下文内容可知，“我”想努力保留在学校学的那一点法语，但最终意识到这是无意义的(pintless)，故选B。
2．A.energetic B．curius
C．yung D．ld
C 解析：根据后半句中的“ur abilities in that regard decline with age”并结合常识可知，年轻的时候学习新语言的效果是最好的，故选C。
3．A.Hwever B．Therefre
C．Besides D．Meanwhile
A 解析：根据语境可知，在50岁生日之前，“我”注册(registered)了法语课，并结合上文提到的“年轻的时候学习新语言的效果是最好的”可知，此处表示转折关系，故选A。
4．A.sught B．registered
C．fught D．prepared
B 解析：参见上题解析。
5．A.interviewed B．challenged
C．asked D．tested
D 解析：根据空后的“t see which grup I belnged in”并结合语境可知，经过测试(tested)来看“我”属于哪一个团体之后，“我”被归(placed) 为几乎是初级水平，故选D。
6．A.restricted B．withdrawn
C．appinted D．placed
D 解析：参见上题解析。
7．A.fade B．remain
C．disappear D．imprve
A 解析：根据第一段中的“ur abilities in that regard decline with age”并结合常识可推知，某些语言的能力会随着年龄的增加而逐渐消失(fade)，故选A。
8．A.autnmus B．average
C．quick D．dull
C 解析：根据语境可推知，“我”一直认为自己是一个学东西很快的(quick)学习者，但却不再是这样了，故选C。
9．A.easily B．slwly
C．steadily D．rapidly
B 解析：结合语境及上题解析可推知，“我”掌握新词汇的速度很慢(slwly)，故选B。
10．A.crwd in B．make sense
C．slip away D．build up
C 解析：根据语境可知，“我”一学习下一个技能，一个星期前学的就好像消失(slip away)了，故选C。crwd in“涌上(心头)”；make sense“有意义”；build up“(使)扩大”。
11．A.catch B．recite
C．share D．repeat
A 解析：根据语境可推知，“我”第一遍听法语新闻时能够理解(catch)90%的内容。catch“理解”，故选A。
12．A.cmplete B．verlk
C．perfrm D．accmplish
D 解析：根据语境可知，谁知道“我”仍可能实现(accmplish)什么呢？故选D。
13．A.except B．beynd
C．thrugh D．including
B 解析：根据下文的内容可知，“我”认为自己学到的不仅仅是法语的语法和词汇，故选B。beynd意为“除……之外”。
14．A.cnfidence B．ability
C．patience D．curage
D 解析：根据空后的“make fls f themselves in rder t ______ smething new”可知，此处表示“我”遇到了来自世界各行各业的人，他们为了学(learn)一些新的东西而有勇气(curage)出丑，故选D。
15．A.learn B．experience
C．explre D．pssess
A 解析：参见上题解析。
16．A.rganizatins B．crners
C．classes D．races
B 解析：根据下文的“including France, Eastern Eurpe, the Caribbean and Africa”可知，这些老师来自世界的许多地区(crners)。
17．A.updated B．spread
C．presented D．cnveyed
C 解析：根据语境可知，听着播放给法国人的新闻，“我”有了一个全新的理解，故选C。present“上演，播出”。
18．A.understanding B．attitude
C．knwledge D．judgment
A 解析：根据语境可知，“我”对一些东西是如何从不同角度(angle)看起来完全不同有了全新的理解(understanding)，故选A。
19．A.manner B．aspect
C．angle D．directin
C 解析：参见上题解析。
20．A.studying B．wrking
C．living D．thinking
D 解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，一门语言不仅仅是一组单词，也是一种思维(thinking)方式。