高考英语课后达标检测：Developing and Developed Countries Word版解析版

这是一份高考英语课后达标检测：Developing and Developed Countries Word版解析版，共7页。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·江西三校联考)The cst f living in cuntries like the U．S., Britain, Australia r France has skyrcketed(飞涨) in recent years. Hwever, if yu’re willing t leave yur cuntry and explre life in ther areas, there are many cuntries basting an extremely cheap and lw cst f living. Check ut the fllwing cuntries when planning yur next mve.
Ecuadr
Ecuadr is similar t the United States in many ways, and as a result has becme a ppular American getaway. They even use the U．S. dllar fr their currency. In this cuntry, it’s cheaper t eat ut every day than ck fr yurself n a budget in the U．S. Yu can even buy a prperty fr arund $50，000 and hire smene t tend t it while yu’re away.
Mexic
Althugh the cuntry is knwn fr its pverty­ridden streets, there are many wealthier areas that prvide every facility yu might need. Yu can live ff a mere $700 t $800 a mnth in Mexic, and this includes rent fr a nice place, facilities, fd, and any sightseeing.
Argentina
Argentina has been a ppular turist destinatin fr many years. It has great restaurants, a rich histry, and many places t explre. Nt t mentin, it’s nt very expensive t live there. A decent sized hme can cst arund $139，000, which is relatively cheap in relatin t hmes in the United States.
Vietnam
Vietnam has als becme a ppular turist destinatin in recent years. There are many millin dllar luxury hmes by the beach, but yu can find a mdest flat r small hme fr arund $25，000 t $50，000 if yu search in the right areas.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了四个生活成本低的宜居国家。
1．Hw much des it take at least t live in Mexic fr a year?
A．Abut $7，000. B．Abut $8，000.
C．Abut $8，400. D．Abut $9，800.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Yu can live ff a mere $700 t $800 a mnth in Mexic, and this includes rent fr a nice place, facilities, fd, and any sightseeing.”，并结合题干可知，在墨西哥生活一年至少花费：$700*12＝$8，400，故选C。
2．What des Argentina and Vietnam have in cmmn?
A．They bth have great restaurants.
B．The cst f living in them is bth expensive.
C．The middle­sized hmes bth cst arund $139，000.
D．Peple are all fnd f travelling t the tw cuntries.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Argentina has been a ppular turist destinatin fr many years.”和第五段第一句“Vietnam has als becme a ppular turist destinatin in recent years.”可知，这两个国家都受到旅游者的热捧，故选D。
3．In which cuntry did the purchaser prbably pay extra mney after he left?
A．Ecuadr. B．Mexic.
C．Argentina. D．Vietnam.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Yu can even buy a prperty fr arund $50，000 and hire smene t tend t it while yu’re away.”可推知，在厄瓜多尔雇人看房子是要付费的，与题干吻和，故选A。
B
(2020·江西三校联考)A new study has shwn hw cmputers and rbts pwered by artificial intelligence can read human eye mvements t “read” human persnalities.
The eyes, they say, are the windws t the sul. And if that is true, cmputers and rbts pwered by sphisticated(复杂的) artificial intelligence algrithms(演算法) may sn have the ability t peer__int yur sul. That is the result f a new study n the cnnectin between eye mvements and persnality, cnducted by neurscience researchers based at the University f Suth Australia and published in the scientific jurnal Frntiers in Neurscience.
“Eye mvements during an everyday task predict aspects f ur persnality，” wrte the researchers, led by University f Suth Australia neurscientist Tbias Letscher, whse team fllwed 42 study subjects arund the university campus recrding their eye mvements, then determined their persnality traits with “well­established questinnaires” fr determining the persnality type, accrding t a summary f the study published by the site Science Daily.
The researchers fed the data int their AI algrithms and fund that cmputers running the algrithms were able t recrd human eye mvements and immediately determine a persn’s majr persnality traits, such as “neurticism, extraversin(外向), agreeableness, cnscientiusness, as well as curisity”， the scientists wrte.
“The new findings culd imprve the way human beings interact with their cmputers and ther high­tech devices, even rbts, allwing fr mre natural and realistic scial interactins with machines，” Letscher said.
“Peple are always lking fr imprved, persnalized services. Tday’s rbts and cmputers are nt scially aware s they cannt adapt t nn­verbal infrmatin，” Letscher said in a statement quted by The Indian Express. This research prvides pprtunities t develp rbts and cmputers s that they can becme mre natural, and better at interpreting human scial signals.
The study revealed previusly undiscvered relatins between specific persnality characteristics and specific eye mvement tendencies, accrding t a summary in Britain’s Daily Mail newspaper.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了一项人工智能计算机和机器人通过读人眼球的运动从而一窥人的个性的研究。
4．What d the underlined wrds “peer int” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Understand. B．Stare at.
C．Search fr. D．Cncern abut.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“The eyes, they say, are the windws t the sul.”，并结合对第一段的整体理解可推知，此处peer int与第一段中的“read”相呼应，故选A。
5．Hw did the researchers cnduct the research?
A．It was carried ut in a lab.
B．42 study subjects’ eye mvements were recrded.
C．The students’ daily mvements were tracked.
D．Its subjects’ persnalities were determined by cmputer.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据对第三段的整体理解可知，这项研究是通过追踪42个研究对象并记录他们的眼球运动来开展的，故选B。
6．Accrding t Tbias Letscher, what can we knw?
A．Rbts and cmputers are scially cnscius.
B．Peple care less abut imprved, persnalized services.
C．Tday’s rbts and cmputers can accustm t nn­verbal infrmatin.
D．The discvery will imprve the interactin between human beings and machines.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据对倒数第三段的整体理解可知，这项研究发现有助于改善人类和机器的互动，故选D。
7．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Human Persnality Traits
B．What Human Eye Mvements Are
C．Tell Persnalities by Eye Mvements
D．Hw Humans and Machines Interact
C 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段开篇点题，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项人工智能计算机和机器人通过读人眼球的运动从而一窥人的个性的研究，故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·沈阳教学质量监测一)Whever wrte the sng “It’s the Mst Wnderful Time f the Year” must have never experienced the hliday blues. Frtunately, psychlgical research suggests sme effective ways yu can use t beat the hliday blues. The key pint is that sadness and ther tugh emtins are nt what we shuld try t avid. 1.________. Here are fur strategies t help yu make yur wn happiness recipe this hliday seasn.
Dn’t frce cheer
At family gatherings with cusins yu secretly can’t stand, yu tend t put n a happy face. Indeed, that might even seem like the mst mature respnse—n drama, n cnflict. But a 2011 study fllwed dzens f bus drivers, lking t see when they gave frced r hnest smiles at their passengers. The results shwed when the drivers pretended t have a gd md, their actual mds gt wrse. 2.________．
Let ut sadness
The results f the bus­driver study can be explained by researchers, wh find that negative feelings like sadness r anger nly increase when we try t cntrl them. 3.________. We dn’t like cntradictry behavir.
Respnd cautiusly
Recently, scientists have been paying special attentin t the benefits f cautin. When yu respnd cautiusly t an emtinal trigger, yu pause rather than react at nce. 4.________. Besides, it is assciated with less anxiety, and may even carry physilgical benefits.
5．________
Of curse, the hlidays will bring a mix f highs and lws, but the mst imprtant lessn t keep in mind is that this variety f emtins might be the best thing pssible fr yur verall well­being. In ther wrds, sadness, anger, and ther difficult emtins are nthing t fear. Just make sure yu’re balancing them with lighter experiences. And dn’t frget t give yurself a break.
A．Relax yur mind
B．Enjy a mix f emtins
C．We tend t deny the imprtant functin emtins serve
D．Instead, they can help cntribute t a healthy and happy life
E．S trying t frce happiness seems t have the ppsite effects
F．A cautius respnse t a negative event reduces sadness we experience
G．We feel bad when ur appearance cntradicts hw we truly feel inside
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了缓解假期忧郁的四种策略。
1．D 解析：承接上文“The key pint is that sadness and ther tugh emtins are nt what we shuld try t avid.”可知，负面情绪不是我们应该试图避免的，且与下文中的“Here are fur strategies t help yu make yur wn happiness recipe this hliday seasn.”衔接，并结合下文介绍的策略可推知，此处表示负面情绪反而有助于健康、快乐地生活，故选D。
2．E 解析：结合本段小标题Dn’t frce cheer和对本段的整体理解可推知，强颜欢笑会适得其反，故选E。
3．G 解析：根据上文中的“negative feelings like sadness r anger nly increase when we try t cntrl them”和下文中的“We dn’t like cntradictry behavir.”可推知，此处表示当我们的外表和内心的情感不一致时我们会感觉很糟糕，故选G。
4．F 解析：根据本段小标题Respnd cautiusly以及空前一句中的“When yu respnd cautiusly”和空后一句“Besides, it is assciated with less anxiety, and may even carry physilgical benefits.”可推知，F项符合语境，其中的“cautius respnse”也是提示。
5．B 解析：根据空处所在位置可知，空处是段落小标题；根据对本段的整体理解可推知，本段主要讲的是享受混合情绪，故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·惠州第二次调研)One habit f thse peple wh are smarter than everyne else is t stay up late. In mvies, the creative genius always wrks late int the midnight hurs by candlelight—and perhaps this style 1.____________(rt) in fact.
A study 2.____________ experts frm the Lndn Schl f Ecnmics and Plitical Science fund that peple wh tend t g t bed later have 3.____________(high) IQs. 4.____________ study authrs believe the rt f why this is lies in ur evlutin—because nighttime was a mre dangerus time, and ur ancestrs wh were t stay up instead f ging t sleep 5.____________(need) t be mre intelligent. Als, 6.____________(stay) awake int the night was a new idea 7.____________ was attractive t curius minds.
Tday, ur varying living rhythms may still reflect this. “Perhaps sme smart peple stay up later because their internal clcks are 8.____________(simple) different，” Dr. Wai says. “Or, perhaps they stay up later because they tend t be alne, and like being up late at night withut distractins t think and slve their 9.____________(prblem)．” But if yu are a night wl, still remember 10.____________(get) yur seven t nine hurs f sleep.
【解题导语】 研究表明，有熬夜习惯的人有更高的智商。
1．is rted 解析：考查固定用法。根据语境可知，这种电影的情节可能来源于真实情况。be rted in sth.“起源于某事物”是固定用法，且此处叙述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时，故填is rted。
2．by 解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，此处是说一项由专家所作的研究，故填by。
3．higher 解析：考查形容词比较级。根据上下文及空前的“g t bed later”可知，这里是说睡觉更晚的人有更高的智商，故此处用high的比较级higher。
4．The 解析：考查冠词。这里特指上文提到的研究的作者们，故用定冠词The。
5．needed 解析：考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，此处叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填needed。
6．staying 解析：考查动名词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动名词短语作主语。
7．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a new idea，在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
8．simply 解析：考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词，故用simple的副词形式simply修饰其后的形容词different。
9．prblems 解析：考查名词的单复数。根据句意“也许他们熬夜是因为他们倾向于独处，并且喜欢深夜全神贯注地来思考和解决问题”，且prblem为可数名词可知，此处应用prblem的复数形式，故填prblems。
10．t get 解析：考查非谓语动词。remember t d sth.“记得去做某事”为固定用法，故填t get。