2020-2021年山西省运城市高三（上）（文）期中考试英语试卷人教版

这是一份2020-2021年山西省运城市高三（上）（文）期中考试英语试卷人教版，共10页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，语法填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.
Bringing Gds int the UK
Yu are allwed t bring sme gds fr persnal use withut paying tax r duty.
Arrivals frm EU cuntries
Yu can bring gds frm EU cuntries withut being charged tax r duty if they are:
● transprted by yurself; ● a gift r fr persnal use; ● bught with tax and duty included.
Yu can bring alchl and tbacc frm EU cuntries withut restrictin but an inquiry might be required depending n the amunt f yur gds.
Arrivals frm utside the EU
Yu will be free f duly r lax n certain amunts f gds brught frm utside the EU, as lng as they are fr yur wn use. Any gds that are beynd yur allwance shuld be declared.
Alchl & tbacc allwance:
※There are n duty-free allwances fr tbacc r alchl if yu're under 17.
Allwance fr ther gds:
The maximum value f ther gds yu can bring is £390. Any single item that is wrth mre than the allwance will be charged duty r tax n its full value.
The rate f duty r tax n items abve the allwance is:
● 2.5% fr gds wrth up t £630;
● decided by the type f gds wrth abve £630—check by calling the VAT, Custms and Excise Helpline.
Inside the UK; 0300 200 3700
Outside the UK: +44 2920 501 261
Wrking time: 8 am t 6 pm, Mnday t Friday
Banned and restricted gds
Gds banned include:
● illegal drugs; ● ffensive weapns; ● endangered animal and plant species;
● meat and dairy prducts frm mst nn-EU cuntries.
Fd and plant prducts restricted include:
● prducts cntaining pests and diseases;
● prducts grwn utside the EU;
● prducts nt fr yur wn use.
We reserve the right t seize the gds which are n suspicin f vilating intellectual prperty rights.

（1）Which f the fllwing prducts frm utside the EU has the largest duty-free allwance?
A.Beer.B.Wine（nt sparkling wine）.
C.Spirits.D.Alchlic drinks.

（2）Hw much tax shall ne cming frm China pay fr a ring bught in America wrth £500?
A.£2.75.B.£12.5.C.£110.D.£130.

（3）Which f the fllwing items shall be banned r restricted?
A.A set f Russian dlls.B.A bttle f French wine.
C.A brick f Australian cheese.D.A package f Spanish cigarettes.

2.
Francisc Fernandez died after falling ff a mtrbike. The 45-year-ld was a belved cmmunity figure. But with a public-facing jb and a spt n his lung, he was cnsidered a pssible COVID-19 carrier. A dctr rdered his family t bury him quickly, against Philippine traditin, and all eight peple wh lived with him were put under a 14-day quarantine（隔离）in their crwded hme.
Yet when Anthny Crtez, the dctr wh had rdered the rushed burial and quarantine, arrived t check n the Fernandez family, nne f them expressed anger. Instead, faces lit up and the kids waved eagerly.
Crtez, the nly cmmunity dctr in Bambang, has verseen their medical care fr years. They trust him, and he makes them laugh. The family gathered utside t have their temperatures taken by the dctr. When the kids tried t give Crtez high fives fr nt having a fever, the 56-year-ld, in a surgical mask face shield, and rubber glves, shwed "air fives" instead. Fr the 56,000 peple living in Bambang, Crtez is their primary caregiver and the first respnder.
When the first crnavirus case in the Philippines was cnfirmed n January 30, the twn's respnse fell t Crtez. He and Mayr Pepit Balgs decided t take actin based n science that, if necessary, wuld g beynd natinal restrictins. Crtez and Balgs are sharply aware f the threat the virus pses t Bambang, which sits in a valley surrunded by muntains. Anyne ging suth t Manila r nrth tward the rest f the cuntry ends up passing thrugh Bambang.
Crtez quickly set up a system f cntact tracing. Using infrmatin frm the twn's 25 villages, he made a list f all the peple wh had traveled t ther cuntries, and placed them under strict hme quarantine. Anyne with symptms wuld be mved t a center set up in the muntains. S far that center has remained empty.
"It is safer t assume that everybdy is psitive," he explained.

（1）What is Crtez' reactin t the death f Francisc Femandez?
A.Expressing his sympathy.B.Drwning himself int murn.
C.Shwing prfessinal sensitivity.D.Fllwing the traditin.

（2）On what basis des Crtez take strict measures t prtect Bambang?
A.Its gegraphic character.B.Its lack f medical staff.
C.Its large ppulatin.D.The demand f the natin.

（3）What can be inferred abut the cntact tracing system by Crtez?
A.It is ttally a waste f effrt.
B.It is cmplained abut by lcal peple.
C.It is praised by higher authrities.
D.It is effective as a prtective means.

（4）Where is this text mst likely frm?
A.A diary.B.A nvel.C.A magazine.D.A bigraphy.

3.
With the weather getting ht, bites caused by msquites nt nly anny peple, but can result in many infectius diseases. Even when peple wear lng clthes, msquites' cmplex biting mechanism enables them t bite sme f them thrugh.
It wuld be great if clthing culd be used t cmpletely prevent peple frm getting bitten. Researchers tested graphene（石墨烯）, a material that is incredibly thin but really strng, in rder t find ut if it can make clthing resistant t msquites.
In the lab experiment, vlunteers expsed a small patch f skin n their arm r hand t rughly 100 msquites fr five minutes at a time. Researchers tested three different situatins: vlunteers wearing n prtectin, wearing cheeseclth（薄纱棉布）, r wearing cheeseclth plus a thin graphene layer under it.
A vide camera was then used t recrd and quantify msquites' behavir, including whether they landed n the skin, hw lng they stayed there, and whether they began t draw bld. The number f bites each vlunteer gt was als calculated based n hw many swellings develped n their skin afterward. Finally, researchers drpped a little water r sweat n tp f the graphene layer and studied the cnsequence, and they als tested a slightly different graphene layer called "reduced graphene".
As a result, the number f msquit bites n naked skin was the highest, abut 16 n average; skin nly prtected by cheeseclth gt the secnd, apprximately 10 per five minutes' expsure. The exciting finding was that there was n swelling develping n skin cvered by the thin graphene layer under cheeseclth, which means the material is effective at preventing msquit bites. The msquites landed n skin ttally uncvered r cvered in cheeseclth abut 23 times n average, and stayed fr ne t tw minutes. Cmparatively, the msquites landed n skin cvered in the graphene layer fewer than 10 times, and the length f their stay was much shrter. Besides, water r sweat can ruin the graphene layer, which allws msquites t bite thrugh it. But frtunately, the number f msquit bites in either dry r wet cnditins can be lwered as lng as the graphene material is imprved t a certain extent.

（1）Why did researchers cnduct the experiment?
A.T recrd the behavir f msquites.
B.T find a substance t prevent msquit bites.
C.T find a slutin t stp infectius diseases.
D.T test graphene's effectiveness in preventing msquit bites.

（2）What des the underlined wrd "draw" in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A.bleedB.lseC.testD.suck

（3）In which way did researchers draw a cnclusin?
A.By analyzing the reasns.
B.By cmparing the statistics.
C.By classifying three situatins.
D.By recrding msquites' behavir.

（4）Which f the fllwing shws hw the text is develped?
A.Cause—effect.B.Opinin—fact.
C.Assumptin—cnclusin.D.Phenmenn—evaluatin.

4.
Chinese scientists have used lasers（激光）t accurately identify space debris（碎片）in the Earth's rbit.
The team applied a specially develped set f rules t laser-ranging telescpes, which enabled them t identify space junk mre effectively than previus techniques. "After imprving the pinting accuracy f the telescpe thrugh a neural netwrk（神经网络）, space debris with a crss sectinal area f ne square meter at a distance f 1,500 kilmeters can be detected," Tianming Ma, an authr f the study frm the Chinese Academy f Surveying and Mapping, said in a statement.
Accrding t NASA, rbital debris is any man-made bject in rbit arund the Earth that n lnger serves a useful functin. Debris can include nn-functinal spacecraft, abandned launch vehicle stages, and ther missin-related space junk. It pses a significant risk t astrnauts and spacecraft in rbit abve the Earth as it travels very fast—up t 18,000 miles per hur, which is faster than a bullet. Wrryingly, there are estimated t be many millins f tiny debris pieces in lw-Earth rbit, and tens f thusands times larger than a sftball, the space agency said. Frtunately, there have been surprisingly few cllisins.
In the study, Ma and his team used tw different neural netwrks t help identify space debris with the laser-ranging telescpe. They then tested this methd against mre traditinal techniques. Accrding t the team, this is the first time that neural netwrks have been used t significantly imprve the pinting accuracy f a laser-ranging telescpe. They say the latest findings culd have significant implicatins fr maneuvring spacecraft in rbit.
laser-ranging technlgy has previusly been used t detect space junk. Hwever, these systems have limitatins when it cmes t accurately identifying small, fast-mving pieces. In fact,previus laser-ranging methds have nly been accurate t abut 0.6 miles. In an attempt t ver-cme the inaccuracies f laser-ranging techniques, the Chinese team used s-called neural netwrks t imprve the effectiveness f their telescpe system. Neural netwrks are cmputing systems which are inspired by bilgical netwrks in the brain and have the ability t lean t becme better at tasks withut being given a specific set f rules t fllw.

（1）Hw have Chinese scientists made prgress in identifying space debris?
A.By imprving the accuracy f laser technlgy.
B.By adpting newly develped telescpe systems.
C.By upgrading the advanced traditinal technlgy.
D.By applying neural netwrks t laser-ranging telescpes.

（2）What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A.The intrductin t rbital debris.
B.The advantages f neural netwrk.
C.The threat f space junk t the Earth.
D.The imprtance f detecting space debris.

（3）What is the purpse f the furth paragraph?
A.T add sme backgrund infrmatin.
B.T prvide sme advice fr scientists.
C.T summarize the previus paragraphs.
D.T intrduce a new tpic fr discussin.

（4）What d we knw abut neural netwrks frm the last paragraph?
A.They can speed up cmputing systems.
B.They can lean t perfrm better independently.
C.They can detect space junk in lw-Earth rbit.
D.They can perfrm tasks accurately under a set f rules.
二、七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t cngratulate smene
Jyful time ges hand in hand with cngratulatins. When yu address graduates, newly-weds, r anyne with gd news, a hearty "Cngratulatins!" is in rder. T send cngratulatins mre effectively, yu'd better bey the fllwing three tips.
（1）________ When there is smething t celebrate, dn't skirt arund the issue. Explain why yu cngratulate the persn right ff the bat.（2）________ Besides, yu shuld set the right tne and send cngratulatins with the right wrds t share in the persn's happiness mre easily.
Express hw yu feel abut the subject.（3）________ Fr instance, yu may say that yu adre the persn wh tries hard t achieve his r her gal, r merely say "I'm s happy fr yu". Remember that yur tne f vice can really carry weight.（4）________
Try t make yur cngratulatins sincere. Yu ught t make yur wrds and actins heartfelt, fr whatever reasn yu send cngratulatins t smene. Surely there will be mments when yur cmpliments are nt given frm the bttm f yur heart.（5）________ Remind yurself t cngratulate ther peple rather than nursing jealusy, because there may cme a time when it's yur turn t be in the sptlight.
A. Spread the wrd.
B. Be as expressive as yu can.
C. Bring up the subject.
D. But yu'd better be as generus as pssible.
E. Yu can als tell him r her hw yu heard the news if necessary.
F. Yu feel frced t cngratulate smene when yu are nt really happy fr them.
G. Yu can further cnvey yur feelings apprpriately after saying "cngratulatins."
三、完形填空


On a chilly day in February 2012, tw Russian hunters discvered a limp bundle f fur lying in the snw. It was an rphaned cub（幼崽）! The cub hadn't eaten in days, and was（1）________ enugh fr the hunters just t pick her up. Dr. Dale Miquelle, directr f the Wildlife Cnservatin Sciety's Russia Prgram, said, "A healthy tiger cub, even a three-mnth-ld ne, wuld give yu reasn t（2）________ befre yu stuck yur hand t clse t its teeth and claws. But this cub had n（3）________ left in her."
The hunters wrapped the cub in a cat and（4）________ her t a lcal wildlife inspectr, Andrey Oryl. Over the fllwing weeks, Oryl（5）________ the rphaned cub back t health. But nw he had anew prblem: What culd he d with an（6）________ three-mnth-ld tiger?
The cub was an Amur tiger.（7）________ a small number f Amur tigers remained in the wild, s scientists wanted t return（8）________ cubs t their natural habitat. The rphaned cub was taken t anew wildlife center. The center was designed fr raising wild animals withut（9）________ them t peple. It uses hidden cameras and cvered fences t keep wrkers ut f（10）________. That way, the animals dn't becme（11）________ n humans.
The cub, nw named Cinderella, became the center's first tiger. Over the next year, she grew int a big, healthy tigress. In the center, she learned t hunt. By the spring f 2013, experts agreed she was（12）________ t return t the wild.
They chse the perfect new（13）________ fr their tiger princess: the Bastak Nature Reserve. During the next tw years, researchers watched Cinderella's（14）________. They set up cameras t snap phts. When Cinderella passed in frnt f ne f these camera（15）________, it tk her picture. Cinderella nt nly（16）________, but grew healthy and strng.
Then, in December 2015, the cameras（17）________ exciting news: Cinderella had becme a mther! Fr the first time ever, a tiger that humans had（18）________ and returned t the wild had given birth t tw cubs f her wn.
Tigers are sme f the mst admired animals n ur planet, but they are als（19）________. Thanks t the wrk f cnservatinists like Dr. Miquelle, there is new（20）________ fr these magnificent cats.

（1）
A.lazyB.paleC.hungryD.weak

（2）
A.pauseB.hurtC.wnderD.hide

（3）
A.mercyB.effrtC.fightD.will

（4）
A.reprtedB.returnedC.guidedD.delivered

（5）
A.taughtB.nursedC.pulledD.trained

（6）
A.energeticB.intelligentC.excitedD.amazing

（7）
A.AlmstB.StillC.EvenD.Only

（8）
A.newly-brnB.huntedC.wundedD.rescued

（9）
A.expsingB.sendingC.fferingD.selling

（10）
A.placeB.rderC.sightD.mind

（11）
A.dependentB.defensiveC.cncentratedD.keen

（12）
A.welcmeB.interestedC.eagerD.ready

（13）
A.cntinentB.neighbrhdC.brderD.habitat

（14）
A.prgressB.reactinC.appearanceD.figure

（15）
A.typesB.trapsC.shtsD.scenes

（16）
A.succeededB.survivedC.recveredD.explred

（17）
A.editedB.expectedC.preparedD.revealed

（18）
A.witnessedB.tradedC.raisedD.examined

（19）
A.dminatedB.endangeredC.preservedD.stressed

（20）
A.passinB.hmeC.hpeD.help
四、语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
CHANGCHUN, Oct. 21（Xinhua）—Chinese train maker CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles C., Ltd. n Wednesday rlled ut（1）________ new type f high-speed train（2）________ can run n different rail systems.
The train, with a standard speed f 400 km per hur, has been develped t cpe（3）________ different rail systems n internatinal rutes,（4）________（make）internatinal rail travel mre cnvenient.
The cmpany said the train can perate in temperatures between minus 50 degrees Celsius（5）________ 50 degrees Celsius, and can als perate under different tractin pwer supply systems and railway transprtatin standards f different cuntries.
（6）________（base）n the prttype and technlgy, the cmpany is ready t take rders fr custmized high-speed trains and train prducts accrding t the technical standards and peratinal requirements f varius regins f the wrld.
There are（7）________（current）fur main railway track standards arund the wrld. When rdinary trains run between cuntries with different gauges, they need t replace their train bgies, which takes time and effrt.
As the new CRRC train（8）________（equip）with gauge-changing bgies, it can change（9）________（it）rail mde during crss-brder travel, greatly imprving the（10）________（efficient）f travel acrss rail systems.
五、短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Tm,
I'm glad t hear that yu are cnsidering make up with Peter. If I am yu, I wuld cnsider a bike as a birthday present fr him.
As far as I knw, Peter is always in pr health, s he shuld take mre exercises by riding a bike t have his bdy build up. In the meanwhile, yu can ften g ut by bike tgether, which is helpful n rebuilding yur friendship. Besides, taking a bike is envirnmentally-friendly means f transprt. It's cnvenient t get arund as well. Apart frm giving him a gift, and yu can als adpt ther means, such as traveling, seeing a mvie, having dinner and ging shpping. N matter hw yu d, being sincere was the mst imprtant. Dn't hesitate, and try t take actin. I really hpe that we can make up and be gd friends frever.
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、书面表达

假定你是李华，九月三日从某国外网店订购了2本书，到货后发现一本书有破损，另一本书有缺页。请给该网站客服写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 说明情况；
2. 要求对方解决问题。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3. 信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm Li Hua. ______
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案与试题解析
2020-2021年山西省运城市高三（上）（文）期中考试英语试卷
一、阅读理解
1.
【答案】
A
B
C
【考点】
细节理解
应用文阅读
政治经济类阅读
推理判断
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）A 细节理解题。题干：欧盟以外的下列产品中，哪种产品的免税额度最大？通过阅读文章中的表格可知，Beer的免税额度是16升；Wine（nt sparking wine）的免税额度是4升；Spirits的免税额度是1升；Alchlic drinks的免税额度是2升。由此可知，来自欧盟以外的产品中啤酒享有最大的免税额度。故选A。
（2）B 推理判断题。题干：在美国买一枚价值500英镑的戒指，一个来自中国的人要交多少税？根据Allwance fr ther gds:中● 2.5% fr gds wrth up t £630可知，价值不超过630英镑的货物税率为2.5%。由此可推知，在美国买一枚价值500英镑的戒指，一个来自中国的人要交500×2.5℅=12.5（英镑）的税。故选B。
（3）C 推理判断题。A.一套俄罗斯娃娃。B.一瓶法国葡萄酒。C.一块澳大利亚奶酪。D.一包西班牙香烟。根据Banned and restricted gds中● meat and dairy prducts frm mst nn-EU cuntries.可知，大多数非欧盟国家的肉类和乳制品都是被限制或禁止的。结合选项可知，一块澳大利亚奶酪应予禁止或限制。故选C。
2.
【答案】
C
A
D
C
【考点】
社会生活类阅读
推理判断
说明文阅读
文章出处
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）C 推理判断题。根据第一段中But with a public-facing jb and a spt n his lung, he was cnsidered a pssible COVID-19 carrier. A dctr rdered his family t bury him quickly, against Philippine traditin, and all eight peple wh lived with him were put under a 14-day quarantine（隔离）in their crwded hme.但由于工作面向公众，肺部有污点，他被认为可能是COVID-19携带者。一位医生命令他的家人尽快安葬他，这违反了菲律宾的传统，和他一起生活的八个人，在他们拥挤的家中被隔离了14天。以及第四段中When the first crnavirus case in the Philippines was cnfirmed n January 30, the twn's respnse fell t Crtez.可知，1月30日，菲律宾的第一例冠状病毒病例得到确认。由此推知，Crtez医生对于COVID-19携带者的反应表现出专业的敏感。故选C。
（2）A 推理判断题。根据第四段中Crtez and Balgs are sharply aware f the threat the virus pses t Bambang, which sits in a valley surrunded by muntains. Anyne ging suth t Manila r nrth tward the rest f the cuntry ends up passing thrugh Bambang.可知，Crtez和Balgs清楚地意识到这种病毒对班邦的威胁，班邦位于山谷中，任何人向南到马尼拉或向北到国内其他地方，最后都会经过班邦。以及第五段中Crtez quickly set up a system f cntact tracing. Using infrmatin frm the twn's 25 villages, he made a list f all the peple wh had traveled t ther cuntries, and placed them under strict hme quarantine. Anyne with symptms wuld be mved t a center set up in the muntains.可知，利用镇上25个村庄的信息，他列出了所有去过其他国家的人的名单，并将他们严格置于家庭式安置之下。任何有症状的人都会被转移到山里的中心。可推知，根据班邦的地理特征，Crtez采取了严格的保护措施。故选A。
（3）D 推理判断题。根据第四段中Using infrmatin frm the twn's 25 villages, he made a list f all the peple wh had traveled t ther cuntries, and placed them under strict hme quarantine. Anyne with symptms wuld be mved t a center set up in the muntains. S far that center has remained empty.以及最后一段中"It is safer t assume that everybdy is psitive," he explained.可知，利用镇上25个村庄的信息，他列出了所有去过其他国家的人的名单，并将他们严格置于家庭式安置之下。任何有症状的人都会被转移到山里的中心。到目前为止，那个中心还是空的。他解释说: “假设每个人都是积极的，这样更安全。”可推知，Crtez的接触追踪系统是一种有效的保护手段。故选D。
（4）C 文章出处题。根据全文可知，文章主要讲述了菲律宾的第一例冠状病毒病例得到确认，及Crtez医生对此的积极的应对反应。可知，本文可能出自一本医学杂志。故选C。
3.
【答案】
D
D
B
C
【考点】
说明文阅读
细节理解
科教类阅读
词义猜测
推理判断
文章结构
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）D 细节理解题。根据文中第二段中Researchers tested graphene（石墨烯）, a material that is incredibly thin but really strng, in rdert find ut if it can make clthing resistant t msquites.可知，研究人员对石墨烯进行了测试，石墨烯是一种非常薄但非常坚固的材料，目的是找出它是否能使衣服抗蚊子。由此可知，研究人员进行这项实验是为了测试石墨烯在防止蚊虫叮咬方面的有效性。故选D。
（2）D 词义猜测题。A.流血；B.失去；C.测试；D.吸。划线词所在句句意：然后用摄像机记录和量化蚊子的行为，包括它们是否落在皮肤上，它们在那里停留了多长时间，它们是否开始________血。结合常识可知，蚊子会吸人类的血。由此可推知，“draw”意为“吸”，suck与之意思相近。故选D。
（3）B 推理判断题。根据前文并结合最后一段中As a result, the number f msquit bites n naked skin was the highest, abut 16 n average; skin nly prtected by cheeseclth gt the secnd, apprximately 10 per five minutes' expsure.以及The msquites landed n skin ttally uncvered r cvered in cheeseclth abut 23 msquites landed n skin cvered in the graphene layer fewer than 10 times可知，研究人员所做的研究结果是蚊虫叮咬裸皮肤的次数最多，平均约16次；其次是仅用粗棉布保护的皮肤，大约每接触5分钟就有10次。蚊子落在皮肤上时完全没有覆盖或覆盖着粗棉布，平均有23次，停留时间为1到2分钟。相比之下，蚊子落在覆盖石墨烯层的皮肤上的次数不到10次，停留时间也短得多。由此可知，研究人员是通过对比数据的方式得出结论的。故选B。
（4）C 文章结构题。根据第二段中It wuld be great if clthing culd be used t cmpletely prevent peple frm getting bitten.可知，作者提出了衣服可以完全防止被蚊子咬的假设。第二、三段主要说明了研究人员是如何进行实验的。最后一段通过对比数据的方式得出了结论：石墨烯这种材料的衣服可以有效地防止蚊虫叮咬。由此可知，文章是从假设到结论。故选C。
4.
【答案】
D
A
A
B
【考点】
说明文阅读
细节理解
科教类阅读
段落大意
目的意图
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中The team applied a specially develped set f rules t laser-ranging telescpes, which enabled them t identify space junk mre effectively than previus techniques. "After imprving the pinting accuracy f the telescpe thrugh a neural netwrk（神经网络）, space debris with a crss sectinal area f ne square meter at a distance f 1,500 kilmeters can be detected,"可知，通过神经网络提高望远镜的目标指示精度后，可以发现横截面面积为1平方米、距离在1500公里以内的太空碎片。利用神经网络技术与以往使用的技术相比，望远镜能够更加有效地识别太空碎片。由此可知，通过将神经网络应用于激光测距望远镜，中国科学家在太空碎片识别方面取得了进展。故选D。
（2）A 段落大意题。总结第三段并根据第三段中Accrding t NASA, rbital debris is any man-made bject in rbit arund the Earth that n lnger serves a useful functin.“根据美国国家航空航天局的说法，轨道碎片是指在地球轨道上的人造物体，它们不再有任何有用的功能。”可知，第三段介绍了什么是轨道碎片，轨道碎片包括什么以及轨道碎片的危害。本段主要是关于轨道碎片的介绍。故选A。
（3）A 目的意图题。根据第四段中In the study, Ma and his team used tw different neural netwrks t help identify space debris with the laser-ranging telescpe. They then tested this methd against mre traditinal techniques.可知，马天明及团队中的其他科研人员利用两个不同的神经网络来帮助激光测距望远镜识别太空碎片。然后，他们将这种方法与更为传统的技术做了对比。由此可知，第四段的目的是补充一些背景信息，说明利用神经网络，望远镜能够更加有效地识别太空碎片。故选A。
（4）B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Neural netwrks are cmputing systems which are inspired by bilgical netwrks in the brain and have the ability t lean t becme better at tasks withut being given a specific set f rules t fllw.“神经网络是一种计算系统，它的灵感来自于大脑中的生物网络，能够在没有特定规则的情况下提高任务的执行能力。”可知，从最后一段中我们了解到神经网络可以依靠自己的力量更好地独立完成任务。故选B。
二、七选五
【答案】
C,E,G,B,D
【考点】
说明文七选五
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）C 空处位于句首，应为本段主旨句。根据空后When there is smething t celebrate, dn't skirt arund the issue. Explain why yu cngratulate the persn right ff the bat.可知，当有事情要庆祝时，不要回避这个问题。解释一下为什么你要马上祝贺这个人。结合选项可知，C项“提起这个话题。”可以概括本段内容，适合作主旨句。
（2）E 根据空前Explain why yu cngratulate the persn right ff the bat.可知，当你向别人表示祝贺时，你要解释一下为什么你要马上祝贺这个人。E项“如果有必要，你也可以告诉他或她你是如何听到这个消息的。”承接上文，符合语境。
（3）G 根据本段主旨句Express hw yu feel abut the subject.可知，本段主要围绕着“表达你对这个主题的感受”展开说明。结合空后Fr instance, yu may say that yu adre the persn wh tries hard t achieve his r her gal, r merely say "I'm s happy fr yu".“例如，你可能会说你崇拜一个努力实现目标的人，或者仅仅说‘我为你高兴’。”的举例可知，空处应与具体的做法有关。G项“你可以在说‘恭喜’后，适当地进一步表达你的感受。”符合语境。
（4）B 根据空前Remember that yur tne f vice can really carry weight.可知，当你向别人表示祝贺时，语气是很有分量的。结合选项可知，B项“尽你所能表现出来。”是对上文的进一步解释说明，符合语境。
（5）D 根据空前Surely there will be mments when yur cmpliments are nt given frm the bttm f yur heart.可知，肯定会有一些时刻，你对别人的赞美不是发自内心的。结合空后Remind yurself t cngratulate ther peple rather than nursing jealusy, because there may cme a time when it's yur turn t be in the sptlight.可知，提醒自己祝贺别人，而不是心怀嫉妒，因为也许有一天该轮到你成为焦点了。由此可知，我们不要吝惜自己对别人的祝贺。结合选项可知，D项“但你最好尽可能慷慨些。”承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。
三、完形填空
【答案】
D
A
C
D
B
A
D
D
A
C
A
D
D
A
B
B
D
C
B
C
【考点】
记叙文完形
人物故事
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）D 考查形容词辨析。A懒惰的；B苍白的；C饥饿的；D虚弱的。句意：这只幼崽已经几天没吃东西了，身体已经很虚弱了，猎人们只能把它抱起来。根据上文The cub hadn't eaten in days可知，幼崽好几天没吃东西，应是虚弱的。故选D。
（2）A 考查动词辨析。A暂停；B伤害；C想知道；D隐藏。句意：一直健康的老虎幼崽，即使是三个月大的幼崽，在你把手离它的牙齿和爪子太近之前，都会让你有理由停下来。根据空前A healthy tiger cub, even a three-mnth-ld ne, wuld give yu reasn t可知，一直健康的老虎幼崽即使是三个月的，也具有攻击性，人会在手离它的牙齿和爪子太近之前停下来。故选A。
（3）C 考查名词辨析。A仁慈；B努力；C反抗，斗争；D意志。句意：但这只幼崽已经无力反抗了。根据上文the hunters just t pick her up可知，这只幼崽很虚弱，已经无力反抗，只能让猎人把它抱起来。故选C。
（4）D 考查动词辨析。A报道；B返回；C指导；D交给，递送。句意：猎人们用大衣把幼崽包裹起来，交给当地的野生动物检查员Andrey Oryl。根据空后her t a lcal wildlife inspectr, Andrey Oryl可知，是将这只幼崽交给当地的野生动物检查员，故选D。
（5）B 考查动词辨析。A教；B照料；C拉；D训练。句意：在接下来的几周里，Oryl照料着这只孤儿幼崽，使其恢复了健康。根据空后the rphaned cub back t health可知，Oryl照料着这只孤儿幼崽，使其恢复了健康。故选B。
（6）A 考查形容词辨析。A精力充沛的；B聪明的；C激动的；D令人惊异的。句意：但现在他有了一个新问题：他能拿这只三个月大的精力充沛的老虎做什么呢？根据上文可知老虎幼崽恢复了健康，因此现在是精力充沛的。故选A。
（7）D 考查副词辨析。A差不多；B仍然；C甚至；D只，仅仅。句意：目前野外只有少数的东北虎了，因此科学家们希望将获救的东北虎幼崽送回它们的自然栖息地。根据空后a small number f Amur tigers remained in the wild可知，野外的东北虎只有很少的数量了。故选D。
（8）D 考查形容词辨析。A新生的；B被捕猎的；C受伤的；D获救的。句意：句意：目前野外只有少数的东北虎了，因此科学家们希望将获救的东北虎幼崽送回它们的自然栖息地。结合上文可知，这只老虎幼崽是被人类救下的，故选D。
（9）A 考查动词辨析。A接触，暴露；B发送；C提供；D出售。句意：这个中心是为饲养野生动物而设计的，不让它们暴露在人类面前。根据下文It uses hidden cameras and cvered fences t keep wrkers ut f可推知，这个中心是为野生动物而设计的，不让野生动物暴露在人类面前，expse t“暴露于”。故选A。
（10）C 考查名词辨析。A地方；B命令；C视力；D思维。句意：它使用隐藏的摄像头和覆盖的围栏来防止工人被发现。根据上文可知野生动物中心不让野生动物暴露在人类面前，所以此处应考查固定搭配ut f sight“看不见，在视野之外”。故选C。
（11）A 考查形容词辨析。A依赖的，依靠的；B自卫的；C集中的；D敏锐的，渴望的。句意：这样，动物就不会依赖人类。根据上文可推知，野生动物中心不让动物接触人类，是为了避免动物依赖人类。故选A。
（12）D 考查形容词辨析。A受欢迎的；B感兴趣的；C热切的；D准备好的。句意：到2013年春天，专家们认为它已经准备好返回野外。根据下文fr their tiger princess: the Bastak Nature Reserve可知，专家们认为Cinderella已经准备好返回野外了，所以他们为Cinderella选择了自然保护区放生。故选D。
（13）D 考查名词辨析。A大陆；B邻居；C边界；D栖息地。句意：他们为他们的老虎公主选择了一个完美的新栖息地：Bastak自然保护区。根据下文the Bastak Nature Reserve可知，Bastak自然保护区是Cinderella的新栖息地。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。
（14）A 考查名词辨析。A进步；B反应；C外貌；D数字。句意：在接下来的两年里，研究人员观察了Cinderella的进步。根据下文but grew healthy and strng可知，研究人员观察了Cinderella的进步。故选A。
（15）B 考查名词辨析。A类型；B陷阱；C射击；D场景。句意：当Cinderella经过其中一个相机陷阱前时，陷阱拍下了它的照片。根据空后it tk her picture可知，为了更好地观察Cinderella的成长，研究人布下了相机陷阱，来给Cinderella拍照。故选B。
（16）B 考查动词辨析。A成功；B幸存；C恢复；D探索。句意：Cinderella不仅幸存了下来，而且变得健康强壮。根据空后but grew healthy and strng可知，此处表示Cinderella不仅幸存了下来，而且变得健康强壮。故选B。
（17）D 考查动词辨析。A编辑；B期待；C准备；D透露。句意：然后，在2015年12月，镜头透露了激动人心的消息。根据空后exciting news: Cinderella had becme a mther!可推知，Cinderella当妈妈这一消息是透过镜头知道的，所以此处表示“透露”，故选D。
（18）C 考查动词辨析。A目击；B交易；C养育；D检查。句意：有史以来第一次，一只被人类养大并返回野外的老虎生下了两只幼崽。根据上文可知Cinderella被人类救了，并被人类养大。故选C。
（19）B 考查形容词辨析。A占主导地位的；B濒临灭绝的；C保藏的；D紧张的。句意：老虎是世界上最受尊敬的动物之一，但是它们也濒临灭绝。根据第三段中a small number f Amur tigers remained in the wild可知，野外老虎的数量很少，它们濒临灭绝。故选B。
（20）C 考查名词辨析。A热情；B家；C希望；D帮助。句意：多亏了Miquelle博士等自然资源保护主义者的努力，这些美丽的猫才有了新的希望。根据上文可知，人类救了老虎幼崽，再根据Thanks t the wrk f cnservatinists like Dr. Miquelle可知，是这些自然资源保护主义者的努力，给了老虎们希望。故选C。
四、语法填空
【答案】
（1）a,（2）which,（3）with,（4）making,（5）and,（6）Based,（7）currently,（8）is equipped,（9）its,（10）efficiency
【考点】
说明文语法填空
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）a 考查不定冠词。设空处修饰单数名词type，应该填入冠词。此处表示泛指“一种新型高速列车”，所以用不定冠词。且new是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。
（2）which 考查定语从句。分析可知，Ltd. n Wednesday rlled ut（1）________ new type f high-speed train（2）________ can run n different rail systems.为含有定语从句的复合句。先行词为train，指物，空处在定语从句中作主语，所以用which。
（3）with 考查固定搭配。根据空前的cpe可知，此处考查固定搭配：cpe with处理；应对。
（4）making 考查非谓语动词。分析可知，句中已有谓语has been develped，所以空处应填入非谓语。（4）________（make）internatinal rail travel mre cnvenient.在句中作结果状语，所以用现在分词。
（5）and 考查连词。分析可知，空处缺少连词。根据前面的between可知，此处考查固定搭配：在……之间。
（6）Based 考查固定用法。based n置于句首，引导状语从句。句首首字母应大写。所以填Based。
（7）currently 考查副词。空处位于be动词are之后，应填入副词。current目前的，形容词。其副词形式为currently“目前”。
（8）is equipped 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据句中的can可知，句子时态为一般现在时。分析可知，the new CRRC train和equip之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。其结构为：主语+be动词（is、am、are）+过去分词。主语the new CRRC train为第三人称单数，所以be动词用is，因此填is equipped。
（9）its 考查形容词性物主代词。空处修饰名词短语rail mde，所以应填入形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。
（10）efficiency 考查名词。根据空前的定冠词the和空后的介词f可知，空处应填入名词。efficient有效率的，形容词。其名词形式为efficiency“效率”。the efficiency f……的效率。
五、短文改错
【答案】
Dear Tm,
I'm glad t hear that yu are cnsidering make（改为making）up with Peter. If I am（改为were）yu, I wuld cnsider a bike as a birthday present fr him.
As far as I knw, Peter is always in pr health, s he shuld take mre exercises（改为exercise）by riding a bike t have his bdy build（改为built）up. In the meanwhile, yu can ften g ut by bike tgether, which is helpful n（改为in）rebuilding yur friendship. Besides, taking a bike is∧（添加an）envirnmentally-friendly means f transprt. It's cnvenient t get arund as well. Apart frm giving him a gift, and（删除and）yu can als adpt ther means, such as traveling, seeing a mvie, having dinner and ging shpping. N matter hw（改为what）yu d, being sincere was（改为is）the mst imprtant. Dn't hesitate, and try t take actin. I really hpe that we（改为yu）can make up and be gd friends frever.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【考点】
应用文短文改错
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
Dear Tm,
I'm glad t hear that yu are cnsidering make（改为making）up with Peter. If I am（改为were）yu, I wuld cnsider a bike as a birthday present fr him.
As far as I knw, Peter is always in pr health, s he shuld take mre exercises（改为exercise）by riding a bike t have his bdy build（改为built）up. In the meanwhile, yu can ften g ut by bike tgether, which is helpful n（改为in）rebuilding yur friendship. Besides, taking a bike is∧（添加an）envirnmentally-friendly means f transprt. It's cnvenient t get arund as well. Apart frm giving him a gift, and（删除and）yu can als adpt ther means, such as traveling, seeing a mvie, having dinner and ging shpping. N matter hw（改为what）yu d, being sincere was（改为is）the mst imprtant. Dn't hesitate, and try t take actin. I really hpe that we（改为yu）can make up and be gd friends frever.
Yurs,
Li Hua
1. make改为making 考查动名词。句意：我跟高兴听到你正在考虑和Peter和好。cnsider ding sth.意为“考虑做某事”，所以用make的动名词形式making。故把make改为making。
2. am改为were 考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我是你，我会考虑把自行车当作生日礼物送给他。分析句子可知，此处为虚拟语气中if引导的条件句，表示与现在事实相反时，主句用shuld/wuld/culd/might+动词原形，从句用过去时，be动词were。故把am改为were。
3. exercises改为exercise 考查不可数名词。exercise当“锻炼”讲时，为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故把exercises改为exercise。
4. build改为built 考查过去分词。“have+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定搭配，且bdy与build up之间构成被动关系，所以此处应用build的过去分词形式built。故把build改为built。
5. n改为in 考查介词。此处考查固定搭配be helpful in ding sth.“在做某事方面有帮助”，故把n改为in。
6. 在is后添加an 考查不定冠词。句意：此外，骑自行车是一种环保的交通方式。mean当“方式”讲时，为可数名词，此处泛指“一种环保的交通方式”，且envirnmentally是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故在is后添加an。
7. 删除yu前的and 考查连词。句意：除了给他礼物，你还可以采取其他的方式，比如旅游、看电影、吃饭和购物。Apart frm giving him a gift是介词短语，并不是完整的句子，而and是并列连词，连接两个句子，所以不需要and。故删除yu前的and。
8. hw改为what 考查状语从句。句意：无论你做什么，真诚是最重要的。d在这里是及物动词，后面缺少宾语，所以此处引导词要在从句中作宾语，应用what。故把hw改为what。
9. was改为is 考查动词时态。句意：无论你做什么，真诚是最重要的。此处是提出建议，且结合文章整体的时态，可知此处应用一般现在时。故把was改为is。
10. we改为yu 考查人称代词。句意：我真的希望你们能和好，永远都是好朋友。本文是李华写给Tm的信，信里提供了一些建议，希望Tm和Peter能够和好，所以此处站在写信人李华的角度应该是yu而不是we。故把we改为yu。
六、书面表达
【答案】
Dear Sir/ Madam,
I'm Li Hua. I'm writing t yu t cmplain abut a prblem with sme bks I rdered frm yur website.
On 3rd September, greatly delighted, I rdered tw bks frm yur nline stre, hping t read bth the bks within three mnths. It was true that I was excited when the bks arrived. Hwever, hardly had I seen the bks when disappintment quickly struck me because ne lying in the parcel was brken. In additin, what annyed me mre was that sme pages in the ther were gne. Therefre, culd yu please arrange fr anther tw t be sent t me as sn as pssible? Otherwise, please give me a refund.
I wuld be extremely grateful if yu culd lk int the matter as sn as pssible and get it settled by next week. I'm lking frward t yur respnse sn.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【考点】
提纲类
应用文写作
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
Dear Sir/ Madam,
I'm Li Hua. I'm writing t yu t cmplain abut a prblem with sme bks I rdered frm yur website.
On 3rd September, greatly delighted, I rdered tw bks frm yur nline stre, hping t read bth the bks within three mnths. It was true that I was excited when the bks arrived. Hwever, hardly had I seen the bks when disappintment quickly struck me because ne lying in the parcel was brken. In additin, what annyed me mre was that sme pages in the ther were gne. Therefre, culd yu please arrange fr anther tw t be sent t me as sn as pssible? Otherwise, please give me a refund.
I wuld be extremely grateful if yu culd lk int the matter as sn as pssible and get it settled by next week. I'm lking frward t yur respnse sn.
Yurs,
Li HuaType f gds
Cigarettes
Cigars
Tbacc
Beer
Wine
（nt sparking wine）
Spirits
Alchlic drinks
Amunt
200
50
250 grams
16 litres
4 litres
1 litre
2 litres