2020年湖北省黄冈市黄州区高考英语一模试卷

这是一份2020年湖北省黄冈市黄州区高考英语一模试卷，共10页。试卷主要包含了95|＄3，99|＄3，98|＄34等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1. The fllwing bks have been published recently, and maybe yu wuld like t read them．
This Atmsphere f Lve
Franklin Bass Jr．
www．authrhuse．cm
Paperback|E﹣bk
＄12.95|＄3.99
This Atmsphere f Lve shares Franklin Bass Jr．'s petry cllectin frm 2008 t 2012 that speaks abut his true feelings and experiences f lve．
An Irish Girl
Marilyn Hering
www．iuniverse．cm
Paperback|E﹣bk
＄13.99|＄3.99
Inspired by true events f the Irish famine（饥荒）, An Irish Girl cmbines a tale f the famine with a heart﹣brken stry f lve and lss．
The Prisn Planet
Handbk
Denis Gdwin
www．xlibris．cm
Hardback|Paperback|E﹣bk|Audibk
＄46.98|＄34.45|＄4.99|＄9.99
Smetimes, the reality prescribed t us desn't explain what we experience． If yu t knw smething isn't right and want t see the bigger picture, the bttm line is here．
A Deadly Hmecming
Jane Bennett Munr
www．iuniverse．cm
Hardback|Paperback|E﹣bk|Audibk
＄23.99|＄13.99|＄3.99|＄9.99
When her mther asks her t investigate a friend's disappearance, Tni Day heads t her hmetwn t slve a cmplex murder case that leaves her wn life hanging in the balance．

（1）Wh is a pet amng the fllwing writers？________
A. Jane Bennett Munr．B. Marilyn Hering．
C. Denis Gdwin．D. Franklin Bass Jr．．

（2）What kind f bk is An Irish Girl？________
A. A bigraphy．B. A strybk．
C. A dcumentary．D. A reference bk．．

（3）Which bk will yu read if yu like a thriller？________
A. The Prisn Planet．
B. A Deadly Hmecming．
C. An Irish Girl．
D. This Atmsphere f Lve．

2. When Lina was awken by the sund f thunder, she was alne n the island． The air was cl and bullfrgs craked． It was that brief mment when the summer sun had set but the stars hadn't yet appeared． Lina rubbed her eyes and lked arund． "Hell? " she called． "Celia? Marie? " There was n respnse．
The mn was rising nw, shedding light n the island． They had always called it "Frgtten Island" because n ne but they seemed t remember its existence． It wasn't n any f the maps they culd find, and even the frest rangers didn't knw abut it． Lina lved that the island, hidden in a heavily﹣wded side stream f the river, was a secret between the three friends﹣her, Celia, and Marie． But nw Lina was here alne, and it was night． Wrse still, it was her wn fault．
"Cme n, Lina, let Marie rw the bat．" Celia had said． Marie was tw years lder than Lina, but she was a hpeless rwer． That's why Lina refused and rwed the bat t the island． The argument that fllwed the refusal tk the usual frm． Celia tk Marie's side, as she always did． Lina explded and yelled at them t just leave． S they gt back in the bat and left．
A blt f lightning crssed the darkened sky, accmpanied by a deafening thunder clap． The strm was here． As the first cld raindrp slid dwn her neck, Lina's mind returned t her current prblem． She was stuck here by herself． She just hped she didn't becme as frgtten as the island． The thught f it sent a chill dwn her back．
Suddenly, Lina sptted smething in the water． It was a bat, and inside it were Marie, Celia, and Marie's dad, wh was steering thrugh the fast flwing waters． As the bat apprached, they saw Lina waving and the wrried expressins n their faces turned t relief．
In her excitement Lina jumped int the river． Only nce she was in the icy water did she remember hw fast the water was mving． Luckily a strng arm reached int the water and pulled her ut． She smiled weakly at Marie's dad and, withut a wrd, hugged Celia and Marie． They didn't seem t mind becming wet．

（1）What is special abut the island？________
A. It is very near the cean．
B. It is a ppular place fr bating．
C. It is surrunded by thick frest．
D. It has never been reached by thers．．

（2）Why did Lina get angry？________
A. Lina was left alne n the island．
B. Marie wuld nt help rw the bat．
C. Marie didn't knw hw t rw the bat．
D. Celia supprted Marie in the disagreement．．

（3）What caused Lina t feel scared？________
A. Her shame abut the unnecessary argument．
B. The first raindrp f the appraching strm．
C. The idea that n ne wuld cme t save her．
D. The drp in temperature as the sun went dwn．．

（4）What can we infer abut the three girls？________
A. All f them culd swim well．
B. They had an adventurus spirit．
C. They lived far away frm the island．
D. They quarreled with ne anther badly．

3. "New and imprved．" These wrds are put in s many marketing campaigns that we tend t accept them as linked． But many new drugs aren't an imprvement ver the best existing drug fr a given cnditin, and the fast drug﹣apprval prcesses in recent years have added t the uncertainty abut their advantages．
A recent reprt in the British Medical Jurnal, "New Drugs: Where Did We G Wrng and What Can We D Better? " Analyzed the issue． The authrs lked at 216 drugs apprved between 2011 and 2017: 152 were newly develped, and 64 were existing medicine apprved fr new uses． Only 25% ffered a majr advantage ver the established treatment, and fully 58% had n cnfirmed added benefit t reduce symptms r imprve health﹣related quality f life．
"This desn't mean there's n added benefit, " lead authr Wissler said． "It just means we have n psitive prf． Either we have n studies r have studies nt gd enugh． "Wissler and her c﹣authrs wrk fr a German institute which evaluates new treatments and advises n whether the cuntry's health care system shuld pay a premium（补贴）fr them． Such rganizatins, knwn as health technlgy assessment（HTA）agencies, wrk a little differently in the US, says Sean Tunisia researcher in Baltimre: "If payers think a new drug isn't better than an existing drug, these agencies will require that hspitals try the cheaper drug first．"
Germanys HTA demands trials t prve that a new treatment beats the existing standard． This isn't always practical． Fr ne thing, such studies can be expensive and time﹣cnsuming, with n guarantee f success． Secndly, it can discurage cmpanies frm attempting t develp new alternatives． This is already happening． Drug develpers are increasingly fcused n areas where there are n gd treatments t cmpete with, such as rare diseases．
This lack f meaningful data t guide patients is a majr pint f Wissler's paper． With accelerated apprval, there are mre prducts apprved, with a greater amunt f uncertainty abut risks and benefits． But there are ther slutins besides drug trials． One idea is t require pstmarked studies t track the effectiveness f newly apprved drugs﹣a step t ften neglected．

（1）What message des the recent reprt cnvey？________
A. Imprved drugs have advantages ver ld nes．
B. Many new drugs have n imprved advantages．
C. Befre 2017 n imprvement was made t drugs．
D. The apprval prcesses fr new drugs are t fast．．

（2）What will US HTA agencies d when n advantage is fund in new drugs？________
A. Get hspitals t use the cheaper drugs．
B. Remve gvernment premium n them．
C. Arrange financial supprt fr the patients．
D. Put new drugs n further trials and studies．．

（3）What's the disadvantage f Germany's HTA trial demands？________
A. Getting patients t depend n the gvernment fr supprt．
B. Making drug cmpanies think f illegal ways t cut cst．
C. Hlding cmpanies back frm imprving existing drugs．
D. Pushing cmpanies t try alternatives fr existing drugs．．

（4）What is the best title fr the text？________
A. The Advantage f Existing Drugs
B. A Dilemma with New Drug Alternatives
C. Misunderstanding f New and Old Drugs
D. Peple's Preference fr New r Old Drug．

4. A rainy day can be a chance t recharge． While yu relaxed n the sfa with a mvie, the raindrps falling n yur windws might ne day prvide the pwer fr yur TV． This is the idea behind an inventin that harvests energy frm water．
The technlgy is based n the tribelectric（摩擦电的）effect． An engineer at the University f Hawaii, David Ma knew that it's pssible t generate electricity by rubbing tw things tgether．S, he thught, "Why dn't we use water? "
A drp f water sliding acrss a surface cated with tw different materials wuld generate enugh frictin t create an electrical charge． By placing metal wires that the drp f water tuched as it mved, ________ shuld be pssible t harvest electricity, he reasned．
It wrked． In fact, the researchers lit up 15 LED bulbs with a single mving water drp．
This is nt the first time that scientists have gt electricity frm water﹣generated frictin（摩擦）．Earlier experiments, thugh, harvested the charge prduced in a surface by a sliding drp f water． There, the surface had acted as an electrde（电极）．This is different． The energy f frictin is being harvested frm the water itself．
"It turns ut, " Ma says, "the charge in the water drp is way mre than the charge prduced in the ther electrde．" In fact, his team's mdel generated almst 100 times mre pwer than previus experiments frm a single drp f water．
"The technlgy culd smeday pwer phnes, sensrs r ther small electrnics, " says Christpher Oshman, an engineer at the Clrad Schl f Mines． "This wrk is a step tward harvesting the energy f mving bjects all arund us, including urselves, t pwer the electrnic appliances we use every day, " he says．
Ma has shwn that the technlgy can wrk in a lab, Oshman says． Next, the Clrad researcher wuld like t see it tried n a larger scale, such as n an umbrella．

（1）Hw did the authr intrduce the tpic f the text？________
A. By telling a stry．
B. By raising a questin．
C. By giving an example．
D. By imagining a situatin．．

（2）What des the underlined wrd "it" in Paragraph 3 refer t？________
A. The wire．B. The drp f water．
C. The surface．D. The electricity．．

（3）What is unique abut Ma's technique cmpared with earlier experiments？________
A. The water itself acts as an electrde．
B. It is based n the tribelectric effect．
C. It prduces electricity frm water﹣made frictin．
D. It uses a surface cated with tw different materials．．

（4）What des Oshman say abut Ma's technlgy？________
A. It has a prmising future．
B. It will d well n an umbrella．
C. It wrks well in the real wrld．
D. It will replace batteries smeday．
第二节（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．

Curling（冰壶）is a winter sprt played n ice． Therefre， it's mst ppular in nrthern cuntries like Canada． Curling is played in the USA by abut 15，000 peple．（1）_______Scttish winters were lng and there were frms f entertainment． S peple began making a sprt ut f sliding heavy stnes n the frzen lakes． The game spread， and in the 1700s curling clubs frmed． Then Scttish sldiers brught it t Nrth America．
（2）_______Men， wmen，and children ften cmpete n the same team， if they can slide a frty﹣pund stne dwn the ice! Bth teams slide their stnes tward the same gal． After all 16 stnes have been cast， the team whse stne has slid clsest t the gal gets ne pint．
（3）_______The ice is s smth and the stne is s heavy that even the smallest misjudgment in a thrw can make the stne slide much t far r stp t suddenly．（4）_______Water helps the stne slide，but it can als change the stne's path．
In curling， a brm is part f each player's equipment． A gd curler must knw hw much frce t use． The player must knw the exact cnditins f the ice n the curt．（5）_______That may explain why the internatinal Olympic Cmmittee decided t make curling an Olympic sprt in 1998．
A． Players cmpete n the curt．
B． Then the play begins in the ther directin．
C． Curling is played by teams f fur peple．
D． In ther wrds， a gd curler must be a fine athlete．
E． The rules are easy t learn， but playing the game is hard．
F． The melting f the ice makes things tugh fr the curlers．
G． Curling prbably began in Sctland in the 1500s r earlier．
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．

I was driving hme with my sn Giacm, 15, n the A40 when I suddenly saw a small plane cming dwn． Out f nwhere, it （1）_______ sme 200 yards away frm where we were （2）_______, verturning and bursting int flames．
We were ging 70 miles an hur and I managed t （3）_______; therwise we wuld have crashed int it urselves． I jumped ut, （4）_______ Giacm in the car． I remember （5）_______ at him t stay there since we really didn't have time t mess arund．
Flames were cming ut f the cckpit（驾驶舱） and I culd hear screaming, s I climbed under the wing and tried t （6）_______ the windws in but failed, and with the heat f the （7）_______ cming ver the tp f the plane, I（8）_______ I might have t give up r I'd be in great danger myself． I fund the small windws at the back f the plane had cracked（破裂）, s my best bet was t kick thse thrugh． It（9）_______ and, lking back, we were unbelievably （10）_______; therwise, it wuld have been a cmpletely different （11）_______．
I pulled a teenage girl and by ut． Then anther guy, Jel Snarr, arrived n the（12）_______ t help at just the right time． I dn't think I wuld have been able t get the （13）_______ ut ﹣ he was a big guy．（14）_______ , Jel seized him by the arms and gt him ut just in time． I culd（15）_______ straight away Jel had a military backgrund by hw he （16）_______ himself．We'd just gt all three f them, Stuart Mre, wh'd flwn the plane, and his nephew and niece, t a safe （17）_______ when the plane explded．
The emergency services（18）_______ pretty quickly, and then they did their duty． When I gt back t my（19）_______, Giacm and I stared at each ther, almst laughing in（20）_______． It was a very strange mment﹣things like this nly happen in films．

（1）
A.disappearedB.landedC.crashedD.explded

（2）
A.livingB.standingC.flyingD.driving

（3）
A.rllB.stpC.passD.speed

（4）
A.greetingB.savingC.blamingD.leaving

（5）
A.shutingB.aimingC.lkingD.smiling

（6）
A.fixB.cleanC.kickD.shut

（7）
A.steamB.fireC.waterD.engine

（8）
A.sensedB.expectedC.imaginedD.admitted

（9）
A.lastedB.wrkedC.cuntedD.ended

（10）
A.afraidB.braveC.cautiusD.lucky

（11）
A.challengeB.adventureC.stryD.lessn

（12）
A.sceneB.marchC.wayD.g

（13）
A.stewardB.piltC.driverD.rescuer

（14）
A.StrangelyB.SecretlyC.InsteadD.Hwever

（15）
A.describeB.argueC.tellD.agree

（16）
A.cnductedB.adaptedC.helpedD.accustmed

（17）
A.returnB.distanceC.rmD.jurney

（18）
A.went awayB.set utC.turned upD.shut dwn

（19）
A.huseB.planeC.cinemaD.car

（20）
A.reliefB.surpriseC.srrwD.cnfusin
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式．

Jingdezhen prcelain（瓷器）is Chinese prcelain prduced in r near Jingdezhen in suthern China，Jingdezhen has prduced prcelain （1）________（century）ag．And the twn （2）________ was named Jingdezhen by Emperr Zhenzng f the Nrthern Sng Dynasty became a majr kiln （窑）site arund 1004．During the perid，the （3）________（prduce）f prcelain in this area first became（4）________（knw）．By the 14th century it had becme the largest centre f prducing Chinese prcelain，which remained in the fllwing times．In the Ming Dynasty，fficial kilns in Jingdezhen （5）________（cntrl）by the emperr，making quality prcelain in large quantities fr the emperr t give abrad as gifts．As a result，the twn was （6）________（clse）linked t the wrld．
Althugh being a remte twn in a hilly area，Jingdezhen is near the quality prcelain stne and frests which can prvide plenty f wd fr the kilns．It als has （7）________ river flwing frm nrth t suth，（8）________（benefit）the transprt f the fragile bjects．
Jingdezhen has prduced a great variety f （9）________（value）prcelain．As a result，the twn is famus （10）________the "Prcelain Capital"．One type f its well﹣knwn high quality prcelain bject is the blue and white prcelain frm the 1330s．
第四部分写作（共两节，满分10分）第一节短文改错（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作义．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
Last year，ur class paid a visit a lcal nursing hme．After arrive there，we saw sme elder ding Tai chi．They gave us an impressin f being energetic but healthy．But there was als sme ld peple seated in the wheelchairs，They were ut f the shape，which made me a few sad．They must have experienced a hard life in the past．During that visit，we chat with the ld and did sme cleaning here．We had such a gd time．This year，we plan t visit it again and hpe mre peple care abut the ld s that they can be healthy，peace and happy fr the rest f their life．
第二节书面表达（满分25分）

某英文杂志在其"互动栏目（Q & A）"刊出Lra 的来信，欢迎读者就信中提到的问题进行分析并提出建议．假定你是读者李华，请给Lra 回信．
Dear editr，
I'm a senir high schl student， and I want t read mre bks f classic literature． But sme friends suggest I watch mvies based n the bks instead． What are the advantages f each apprach and what d yu suggest？
Thanks!
Lra
注意：1．词数 100 左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数．
参考答案与试题解析
2020年湖北省黄冈市黄州区高考英语一模试卷
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共4小题；每小题6分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
1.
【答案】
D
B
B
【考点】
应用文阅读
广告布告类阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本最新出版的书，及其作者和价格等相关信息。
【解答】
（1）D.细节理解题。根据This Atmsphere f lve部分中This Atmsphere f Lve shares Franklin Bass Jr．'s petry cllectin frm 2008 t 2012 that speaks abut his true feelings and experiences f lve．可知《爱的氛围》收录了小富兰克林•巴斯2008年至2012年的诗集，讲述了他对爱情的真实感受和经历．由此可知，Franklin Bass Jr．出版的书是一部诗集，那么Franklin Bass Jr．是一位诗人。故选D．
（2）B.推理判断题。根据An Irish Girl部分中Inspired by true events f the Irish famine， An Irish Girl cmbines a tale f the famine with a heart﹣brken stry f lve and lss．可知Irish Girl这本书将一个饥荒传说和一个关于爱与失去的故事巧妙地结合了起来。由此可推知，An Irish Girl是一本故事书。故选B．
（3）B.细节理解题。根据A Deadly Hmecming部分中When her mther asks her t investigate a friend's disappearance， Tni Day heads t her hmetwn t slve a cmplex murder case that leaves her wn life hanging in the balance．可知，这本书讲述的是Tni Day受母亲所托，调查一个朋友的失踪案，当她回家乡处理一起复杂的谋杀案时，她自己也因此案身陷危险的故事。由此可知，如果你喜欢看惊悚小说，可以选择A Deadly Hmecming这本书。故选B．
2.
【答案】
C
D
C
B
【考点】
记叙文阅读
故事类阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Lina和她的好朋友们去秘密小岛玩耍，但是发生了分歧，Lina离开朋友们独自呆在森林里。随着雷雨闪电的来临，Lina感到很害怕，这时两个好朋友带着大人来救她。
【解答】
（1）C.细节理解题．根据第二段的"Lina lved that the island， hidden in a heavily﹣wded side stream f the river， was a secret between the three friends﹣her， Celia， and Marie"Lina喜欢这个岛，它隐藏在河边一条树木繁茂的小溪旁，是她、Celia和Marie这三个朋友的秘密，可知，这个小岛的特殊之处是它被茂密的树木包围着。故选C项。
（2）D.细节理解题．根据第三段的"The argument that fllwed the refusal tk the usual frm． Celia tk Marie's side， as she always did． Lina explded and yelled at them t just leave．"争吵中Celia一如既往地站在Marie一边。Lina爆发了，对她们大喊大叫，让她们离开。可知，Lina生气的原因是Celia在争论中站在了Marie一边。故选D项。
（3）C.细节理解题．根据第四段中的"She was stuck here by herself． She just hped she didn't becme as frgtten as the island． The thught f it sent a chill dwn her back"Lina一个人被困在这里。她只是希望她不会像这座孤岛一样被遗忘。一想到这里，她就不寒而栗，也就是说Lina害怕是因为她想到可能没人回来救她，她就像这座孤岛一样被遗忘了。故选C项。
（4）B.推理判断题．根据第二段中的"They had always called it' 'Frgtten Island'' because n ne but they seemed t remember its existence． It wasn't n any f the maps they culd find， and even the frest rangers didn't knw abut it．" 她们总称它为"遗忘岛"，因为除了她们，似乎没有人记得它的存在。在她们能找到的地图上都没有它，连护林员都不知道它，也就是她们三个经常去一个无人知晓的小岛玩耍，由此推测她们有冒险精神。故选B项。
3.
【答案】
B
A
C
B
【考点】
科教类阅读
议论文阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇议论文。英国一项研究表明，与传统药物相比，市面上不断推出的新药大部分并不具有新的疗效。作者分析其中原因并指出，因为相关机构的要求，加上新药耗时费钱，因此药品公司干脆转向研究罕见病的药品，而不是对已有的药品进行改良。
【解答】
（1）B. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Only 25%ffered a majr advantage ver the established treatment， and fully 58%had n cnfirmed added benefit t reduce symptms r imprve health﹣related quality f life．"英国《医学期刊》的一篇报道说，对2011到2017年上市的药品的研究发现，其中58%的新药与已有的药物相比，没有任何得到证实的新增加的药效，故选B．
（2）A. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段"Such rganizatins， knwn as health technlgy assessment（HTA）agencies， wrk a little differently in the US， says Sean Tunisia researcher in Baltimre： "If payers think a new drug isn't better than an existing drug， these agencies will require that hspitals try the cheaper drug first．"可知，美国的卫生技术评估机构的功能与德国不同，如果付费方（病人）认为某种新药不比已有的药品更好，那么"他们（评估机构）就会要求医院先试用便宜一些的药品"，故选A．
（3）C. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Germanys HTA demands trials t prve that a new treatment beats the existing standard． This isn't always practical． Fr ne thing， such studies can be expensive and time﹣cnsuming， with n guarantee f success． Secndly， it can discurage cmpanies frm attempting t develp new alternatives．"可知，德国卫生技术评估机构要求有药物试验来证实改良后的新药比原先的药品更好，这需要大量的金钱和时间，因此不利于公司对已有药品进行提升，这就鼓励了药品开发者关注没有同类药品来竞争的领域，比如罕见病的治疗，故选C．
（4）B.标题确定题。全文讲述药品研发的窘境。传统药物的更新未必有新的疗效（见第三段），即使有新疗效，相关机构的费求使这个更新过程漫长且费用高（见第四段），于是很多药企开始转向研究罕见病的新药，这就使已有药品的更新面临窘境，故选B．
4.
【答案】
D
B
A
A
【考点】
说明文阅读
科教类阅读
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了夏威夷大学的工程师David Ma认为摩擦两件东西来发电是可能的。事实上，研究人员用一颗移动的水滴点亮了15个LED灯泡。这项技术有一天可以为手机、传感器或其他小型电子产品提供动力。
【解答】
（1）D. 推理判断题。根据第一段的A rainy day can be a chance t recharge． While yu relaxed n the sfa with a mvie， the raindrps falling n yur windws might ne day prvide the pwer fr yur TV． This is the idea behind an inventin that harvests energy frm water．雨天可能是一个充电的机会。当你在沙发上看电影放松时，落在窗户上的雨滴也许有一天会为你的电视提供能量。这就是一项从水中获取能量的发明背后的理念。由此可知，作者通过想象一个情景，引出文章的主题，故选D．
（2）B. 代词指代题。根据上文By placing metal wires that the drp f water tuched as it mved说通过放置金属丝，水滴在移动时接触到金属丝。由此可知，下文it shuld be pssible t harvest electricity， he reasned．的意思是水滴应该可以获得电力。it指的是水滴，故选B．
（3）A. 细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第四段Earlier experiments， thugh， harvested the charge prduced in a surface by a sliding drp f water． There， the surface had acted as an electrde（电极）.This is different． The energy f frictin is being harvested frm the water itself．（然而，早期的实验是通过水滴的滑动来收集表面产生的电荷。在那里，表面起着电极的作用。这是不同的．摩擦力是从水本身获得的）由此可知，与早期的实验相比，Ma的技术的独特之处在于水本身起着电极的作用，故选A．
（4）A. 推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第二段 "The technlgy culd smeday pwer phnes， sensrs r ther small electrnics，" says Christpher Oshman， an engineer at the Clrad Schl f Mines． "This wrk is a step tward harvesting the energy f mving bjects all arund us， including urselves， t pwer the electrnic appliances we use every day，" he says．（科罗拉多矿业学院的工程师Christpher Oshman说："这项技术有一天可以为手机、传感器或其他小型电子产品提供动力"他说："这项工作向收集我们周围移动物体的能量迈出了一步，包括我们自己，为我们每天使用的电器提供动力"）由此推断出，Oshman认为Ma的技术有一个光明的未来，故选A．
第二节（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．
【答案】
G,C,E,F,D
【考点】
说明文七选五
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项奥林匹克运动项目﹣﹣冰壶。
【解答】
（1）G.细节理解题。根据后文的"Scttish winters were lng and there were frms f entertainment． S peple began making a sprt ut f sliding heavy stnes n the frzen lakes． The game spread （苏格兰的冬天很长，有各种娱乐形式．因此，人们开始用重石头在结冰的湖面上滑动制作一项运动，这项运动逐渐传播开来。）"可推知，此处是概述冰壶的历史渊源，所以G项"冰壶运动可能起源于16世纪或更早的苏格兰"切题。故选 G．
（2）C.细节理解题。根据本段的整体内容可知，本段主要讲的是冰壶的具体游戏规则，所以C项"冰壶比赛由四人组成的队伍进行"切题。故选C．
（3）E.推理判断题。上段讲的是冰壶的游戏规则，根据空后"The ice is s smth and the stne is s heavy that even the smallest misjudgment in a thrw can make the stne slide much t far r stp t suddenly．（冰面很平滑，并且石头很重，所以投球时，最微小的偏差也可以使石头滑出很远或者骤然停止。）"可知，本段讲的是冰壶具体操作起来并非易事，所以E项"The rules are easy t learn， but playing the game is hard．（规则很容易学，但从事这项运动却很难。）"承上启下。故选E．
（4）F.细节理解题。根据空格前句"The ice is s smth and the stne is s heavy that even the smallest misjudgment in a thrw can make the stne slide much t far r stp t suddenly．（冰面很平滑，并且石头很重，所以投球时，最微小的偏差也可以使石头滑出很远或者骤然停止。）"可推知，冰壶在实际操作中并非易事，与选项F"对于冰壶球员来说，冰融化会使情况更艰难"呼应，都是讲冰壶操作不易；且F项中的The melting f the ice与空后的Water呼应，所以F项切题。故选F．
（5）D.推理判断题。根据空前一句"A gd curler must knw hw much frce t use． The player must knw the exact cnditins f the ice n the curt．（一个好的冰壶球员必须知道用多少力量。运动员必须知道球场上冰面的准确条件）"可知，D项"In ther wrds， a gd curler must be a fine athlete．（换句话说，一个好的冰壶球员必须是一个优秀的运动员）"与上文意义一致，且D项中"a gd curler"与上文中"A gd curler"呼应。故选D．
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
【答案】
C
D
B
D
A
C
B
A
B
D
C
A
B
D
C
A
B
C
D
A
【考点】
人生感悟类阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和一个叫乔尔•斯纳尔的陌生人从坠毁起火的飞机里救人的故事。
【解答】
（1）C．考查动词及语境理解。A. disappeared消失；B. landed登录；C. crashed坠毁；D. explded爆炸。句意：不知从哪儿冒出来的，它在离我们200码的地方坠毁了，翻倒并燃起了大火。根据空后的"verturning and bursting int flames"可知，这架小型飞机翻倒并燃起了大火，这说明它坠毁了，故C项正确。
（2）D．考查动词及语境理解。A. living生活；B. standing站立；C. flying飞行；D. driving开车。句意：不知从哪儿冒出来的，它在离我们200码的地方坠毁了，翻倒并燃起了大火。根据空前的 "I was driving hme with my sn Giacm， 15"可知，当时我正在开车，故D项正确。
（3）B．考查动词及语境理解。A. rll滚动；B. stp停下；C. pass经过；D. speed加速。句意：我们以每小时70英里的速度行驶，我设法停了下来，否则我们自己也会撞到它。空后一句说否则我们自己也会撞到它，这说明我把车停下了，故B项正确。
（4）D．考查动词及语境理解。A. greeting问候；B. saving拯救；C. blaming责备；D. leaving留下。句意：我跳下车，把吉亚科莫留在车里。根据空前的"I jumped ut"可知，我跳下了车，这说明我把吉亚科莫自己留在车里，故D项正确。
（5）A．考查动词短语及语境理解。A. shuting at对某人大喊；B. aiming at针对；C. lking at看；D. smiling at对某人微笑。句意：我记得我冲他大喊，让他呆在车里。空前一句说我跳下了车，而吉亚科莫在车里，并且事故现场坠毁的飞机还在着火，肯定很吵，所以我冲吉亚科莫大喊，让他呆在车里，故A项正确。
（6）C．考查动词短语及语境理解。A. fix固定；B. clean打扫；C. kick踢；D. shut关闭。句意：我爬到机翼下面，试图踢开窗户，但没有成功。空前一句说我发现有人被困在飞机里，所以我要踢开窗户救人，下文中的"kick thse thrugh"也是提示，故C项正确。
（7）B．考查名词及语境理解。A. steam蒸汽；B. fire火；C. water水；D. engine引擎。句意：由于飞机内部的大火不断向外涌出热浪，我意识到我可能不得不放弃，否则我自己会有很大的危险。根据空前的"Flames were cming ut f the cckpit"可知，驾驶舱起火了，故B项正确。
（8）A．考查动词及语境理解。A. sensed感到、意识到；B. expected期望；C. imagined想象；D. admitted承认。句意：由于飞机内部的大火不断向外涌出热浪，我意识到我可能不得不放弃，否则我自己会有很大的危险。根据空后的"I might have t give up r I'd be in great danger myself"可知，我意识到我可能不得不放弃，否则我自己会有很大的危险，故A项正确。
（9）B．考查动词及语境理解。A. lasted持续；B. wrked凑效、起作用；C. cunted重要；D. ended结束。句意：这个办法成功了，现在回想起来，我们真是太幸运了；否则，这将是一个完全不同的故事。空前一句说我发现飞机后部的小窗户裂了，所以我最好的办法就是把它们踢开，此处是说这个办法成功（起作用）了，故B项正确。
（10）D．考查形容词及语境理解。A. afraid害怕的；B. brave勇敢的；C. cautius谨慎的；D. lucky幸运的。句意：这个办法成功了，现在回想起来，我们真是太幸运了；否则，这将是一个完全不同的故事。空前一句说我冒险一试的做法（把飞机后部破裂的小窗户踢开）成功了，因此我们非常幸运，故D项正确。
（11）C．考查名词及语境理解。A. challenge挑战；B. adventure冒险；C. stry故事；D. lessn教训。句意：这个办法成功了，现在回想起来，我们真是太幸运了；否则，这将是一个完全不同的故事。空前说我冒险一试的做法（把飞机后部破裂的小窗户踢开）成功了，再结合空后的"I pulled a teenage girl and by ut."可知，我救出了困在飞机里的人，因此此处是说如果这个办法没有成功的话，这将是一个完全不同的故事（结果会完全不同），故C项正确。
（12）A．考查名词及语境理解。A. scene现场；B. march比赛；C. way路；D. g去。句意：我把一对十几岁的男孩和女孩拉了出来，然后一个叫乔尔•斯纳尔的人适时地赶到现场帮忙。根据空后的"t help at just the right time"可知，一个叫乔尔•斯纳尔的人适时地赶到现场帮忙，故A项正确。
（13）B．考查名词及语境理解。A. steward管家；B. pilt飞行员；C. driver司机；D. rescuer救援人员。句意：我想我不可能把飞行员弄出来，因为他是个大块头。根据上文中的"I pulled a teenage girl and by ut."可知，我救出了一对十几岁的男孩和女孩，他俩应该是坐飞机的人，此处应该是说接着救驾驶飞机的人，下文中的"Stuart Mre， wh'd flwn the plane"也是提示，故B项正确。
（14）D．考查副词及语境理解。A. Strangely奇怪地；B. Secretly秘密地； C. Instead反而；D. Hwever然而。句意：然而，乔尔抓住他的胳膊，及时把他救了出来。。"我想我不可能把飞行员弄出来"与"乔尔抓住他的胳膊把他救出来"是转折关系，故D项正确。
（15）C．考查动词及语境理解。A. describe描述；B. argue争论；C. tell断定；D. agree同意。句意：我可以从乔尔的行为举止看出他受过军事训练。根据空后的"straight away Jel had a military backgrund by hw he_（16）__ himself."可知，我可以从乔尔的行为举止断定他受过军事训练，故C项正确。
（16）A．考查动词及语境理解。A. cnducted表现、举止；B. adapted适应；C. helped帮助；D. accustmed习惯于。句意：我可以从乔尔的行为举止看出他受过军事训练。根据上文中的"Jel seized him by the arms and gt him ut just in time."可知，乔尔抓住他的胳膊，及时把他救了出来，因此此处指"从乔尔的行为举止"，故A项正确。
（17）B．考查名词及语境理解。A. return返回；B. distance距离；C. rm房间；D. jurney旅程。句意：当飞机爆炸时，我们刚刚把他们三个人﹣﹣驾驶飞机的斯图尔特•摩尔和他的侄子、侄女都送到了安全的地方。根据空后的"when the plane explded"可知，从坠毁的飞机里救出来的人自然要被送到与飞机保持安全距离的地方以防飞机爆炸，故B项正确。
（18）C．考查动词短语及语境理解。A. went away走开；B. set ut出发；C. turned up出现；D. shut dwn停工。句意：急救人员很快就来了，然后开始抢救。根据空后的"and then they did their duty"可知，急救人员很快就来到了现场（出现了），故C项正确。
（19）D．考查名词及语境理解。A. huse房子；B. plane飞机；C. cinema电影院；D. car汽车。句意：当我回到车上时，吉亚科莫和我凝视着对方，轻松一笑。根据上文中的"I jumped ut，__（4）__ Giacm in the car."可知，我去救人时把吉亚科莫留在了车里，此处是说我救完人回到了车上，故D项正确。
（20）A．考查名词及语境理解。A. relief安慰、轻松；B. surprise惊讶；C. srrw悲伤；D. cnfusin困惑。句意：当我回到车上时，吉亚科莫和我凝视着对方，轻松一笑。根据上文内容可知，在那么危急的情况下救完人自然是松了一口气，故A项正确。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式．
【答案】
centuries,which/that,prductin,knwn,were cntrlled,clsely,a,benefiting,valuable,as
【考点】
说明文语法填空
【解析】
文章讲述了瓷都景德镇的发展历史以及其闻名世界的瓷器发展．
【解答】
（1）centuries．考查名词的数．century为可数名词，所以用复数表示不止一个，故填centuries．
（2）which/that．考查定语从句．先行词为地点名词，在定语从句中做主语，故填which/that．
（3）prductin．考查名词的数．句意为：在这一时期，该地区的瓷器生产首次成为人们所熟知．表示"生产"，做主语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填prductin．
（4）knwn．考查过去分词．句意为：在这一时期，该地区的瓷器生产首次成为人们所熟知．表示"被知道"，所以用过去分词和became冠词被动语态，故填knwn．
（5）were cntrlled．考查时态语态．主语是名词复数，被皇家控制，所以用被动语态，结合上下文使用一般过去时，故填were cntrlled．
（6）clsely．考查副词．修饰短语be linked t，故填clsely．
（7）a． 考查冠词．句意为：它还有一条从北向南的河流．表示泛指，有一条河，故填a．
（8）benefiting． 考查现在分词．river与benefit是主动关系，使用现在分词做状语，故填benefiting．
（9）valuable． 考查形容词．修饰名词prcelain，宝贵的瓷器，故填valuable．
（10）as． 考查固定搭配．be knwn as：作为…被熟知，故填as．
第四部分写作（共两节，满分10分）第一节短文改错（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）
【答案】
Last year，ur class paid a visit ∧a lcal nursing hme．After arrive there，we saw sme elder ding Tai chi．They gave us an impressin f being energetic but healthy．But there was als sme ld peple seated in the wheelchairs，They were ut f the shape，which made me a few sad．They must have experienced a hard life in the past．During that visit，we chat with the ld and did sme cleaning here．We had such a gd time．This year，we plan t visit it again and hpe mre peple care abut the ld s that they can be healthy，peace and happy fr the rest f their life．
详1．visit后面加t．考查介词．句意：去年，我们班参观了当地的一家养老院．pay a visit t sb．/sme place"拜访某人或参观某地"，固定搭配，故在visit后面加t．
2．arrive改为arriving．考查动名词．句意：到了那里之后，我们看到一些老人在打太极．介词after后面接动名词作宾语，故将arrive改为arriving．
3．elder改为elders．考查名词的数．句意：到了那里之后，我们看到一些老人在打太极．elder指"长者、长辈"，可数名词，前面有sme修饰，应用复数形式，故将elder改为elders．
4．but改为and．考查连词．句意：他们给我们的印象是精力充沛，很健康．energetic和healthy两个形容词之间为并列关系，应用连词and连接，故将but改为and．
5．was改为were．考查主谓一致．句意：但是也有一些老人坐在轮椅上，他们的身体不好，这让我有些难过．there be结构中主语是sme peple，复数概念，be动词应用复数形式，结合前后时态信息，此处应用一般过去时，故将was改为were．
6．去掉the．考查固定短语．但是也有一些老人坐在轮椅上，他们的身体不好，这让我有些难过．ut f shape"身体不好的、不健康的"，固定短语，故去掉the．
7．few改为little．考查形容词．句意：但是也有一些老人坐在轮椅上，他们的身体不好，这让我有些难过．a few"一些"，通常修饰可数名词的复数形式，此处修饰形容词sad，应用a little（有点儿），故将few改为little．
8．chat改为chatted．考查时态．句意：在那次拜访中，我们和老人聊天，并在那里打扫卫生．During that visit指的是"在去年的那一次参观期间"，谓语动词应用过去式，故将chat改为chatted．
9．here改为there．考查副词．句意：在那次拜访中，我们和老人聊天，并在那里打扫卫生．here"这里"，此处指"那家养老院"，本文讲述的是过去的事情，此时"我们"并不在养老院，所以谈到"那家养老院"，应用there"那里"代指，故将here改为there．
10．peace改为peaceful．考查形容词．句意：今年，我们计划再次访问这里，希望更多的人关心老人，让他们健康、安宁、幸福地度过余生．and连接三个并列的形容词作表语，peace是名词，其形容词形式是peaceful，故将peace改为peaceful．
【考点】
记叙文短文改错
【解析】
本文为记叙文．作者介绍去年他们班去当地的一家养老院拜访老人们并帮忙打扫卫生等．
【解答】
Last year，ur class paid a visit ∧a lcal nursing hme．After arrive there，we saw sme elder ding Tai chi．They gave us an impressin f being energetic but healthy．But there was als sme ld peple seated in the wheelchairs，They were ut f the shape，which made me a few sad．They must have experienced a hard life in the past．During that visit，we chat with the ld and did sme cleaning here．We had such a gd time．This year，we plan t visit it again and hpe mre peple care abut the ld s that they can be healthy，peace and happy fr the rest f their life．
详1．visit后面加t．考查介词．句意：去年，我们班参观了当地的一家养老院．pay a visit t sb．/sme place"拜访某人或参观某地"，固定搭配，故在visit后面加t．
2．arrive改为arriving．考查动名词．句意：到了那里之后，我们看到一些老人在打太极．介词after后面接动名词作宾语，故将arrive改为arriving．
3．elder改为elders．考查名词的数．句意：到了那里之后，我们看到一些老人在打太极．elder指"长者、长辈"，可数名词，前面有sme修饰，应用复数形式，故将elder改为elders．
4．but改为and．考查连词．句意：他们给我们的印象是精力充沛，很健康．energetic和healthy两个形容词之间为并列关系，应用连词and连接，故将but改为and．
5．was改为were．考查主谓一致．句意：但是也有一些老人坐在轮椅上，他们的身体不好，这让我有些难过．there be结构中主语是sme peple，复数概念，be动词应用复数形式，结合前后时态信息，此处应用一般过去时，故将was改为were．
6．去掉the．考查固定短语．但是也有一些老人坐在轮椅上，他们的身体不好，这让我有些难过．ut f shape"身体不好的、不健康的"，固定短语，故去掉the．
7．few改为little．考查形容词．句意：但是也有一些老人坐在轮椅上，他们的身体不好，这让我有些难过．a few"一些"，通常修饰可数名词的复数形式，此处修饰形容词sad，应用a little（有点儿），故将few改为little．
8．chat改为chatted．考查时态．句意：在那次拜访中，我们和老人聊天，并在那里打扫卫生．During that visit指的是"在去年的那一次参观期间"，谓语动词应用过去式，故将chat改为chatted．
9．here改为there．考查副词．句意：在那次拜访中，我们和老人聊天，并在那里打扫卫生．here"这里"，此处指"那家养老院"，本文讲述的是过去的事情，此时"我们"并不在养老院，所以谈到"那家养老院"，应用there"那里"代指，故将here改为there．
10．peace改为peaceful．考查形容词．句意：今年，我们计划再次访问这里，希望更多的人关心老人，让他们健康、安宁、幸福地度过余生．and连接三个并列的形容词作表语，peace是名词，其形容词形式是peaceful，故将peace改为peaceful．
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
【答案】
Dear Lra，
I am glad t receive yur letter in which yu are cnfused abut whether yu shuld read classic wrks r watch the mvies adapted frm these classic wrks．【高分句型一】 （写信目的）
Bth f them can make yu aware f the cntents f the bks． （分析）Hwever， I am in favr f reading classic wrks． Firstly， reading classics culd prmte the develpment f children's intelligence and the cmprehensive develpment f adlescence． Secndly， it will nt nly fster the ability f writing， but als strengthen students' literary cultivatin． Thirdly， it will get yu away frm digital distractins． Lastly， reading helps yu braden yur hrizns and sets up yur wn philsphy and values．（建议）
I d hpe that my advice will d gd t yu．【高分句型二】I wish yu a nice reading jurney f Chinese classic literature．（祝愿）
Yurs，
Editr
【考点】
提纲类
【解析】
高分句型一：I am glad t receive yur letter in which yu are cnfused abut whether yu shuld read classic wrks r watch the mvies adapted frm these classic wrks．
译文：我很高兴收到你的来信，信中你对是应该读经典作品还是看改编自这些经典作品的电影感到困惑．
分析：使用in which引导定语从句修饰letter，whether引导宾语从句．
高分句型二：I d hpe that my advice will d gd t yu．
译文：我希望我的建议对你有好处．
分析：使用助动词d强调谓语动词help．
【解答】
Dear Lra，
I am glad t receive yur letter in which yu are cnfused abut whether yu shuld read classic wrks r watch the mvies adapted frm these classic wrks．【高分句型一】 （写信目的）
Bth f them can make yu aware f the cntents f the bks． （分析）Hwever， I am in favr f reading classic wrks． Firstly， reading classics culd prmte the develpment f children's intelligence and the cmprehensive develpment f adlescence． Secndly， it will nt nly fster the ability f writing， but als strengthen students' literary cultivatin． Thirdly， it will get yu away frm digital distractins． Lastly， reading helps yu braden yur hrizns and sets up yur wn philsphy and values．（建议）
I d hpe that my advice will d gd t yu．【高分句型二】I wish yu a nice reading jurney f Chinese classic literature．（祝愿）
Yurs，
Editr