2021学年Grammar导学案及答案

这是一份2021学年Grammar导学案及答案，共8页。

一.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下
(1) 符合规则的：
(2)几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表：
一分为二有两个， 一是远来一是老。 合二为一共三对， 坏病两多并两好。
还有一词双意含， 只译少来不译小。
二．形容词和副词比较级的用法
注意：有些形容词，如 dead, empty, rund, sure, wlen 等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。

例题解析
1. He is ________ friends than I.
A. much mre B. many mre C. very mre D. t mre
解析： 后面有可数名词复数时， many的比较级形式为many mre 修饰。 应选B.
2. Which is the _________ cuntry, Japan r Australia?
A. mre develped B. mre develping C. mst develped D. mst develping
解析：两者比较用比较级,表示"发达"用 develped, 而develping 是 "发展中的" 意思
3． There were _______ shps in the city in 1982 than in 1990.
A. little B. few C. fewer D. less
解析：little 不能修饰可数名词，两者比较需用比较级， 所以应选C.
4. If yu are nt free tday, cme anther day __________.
A. t B. s C. instead D. yet
解析：instead 作副词用时意为"代替，顶替"， 表示前面的事情没做， 而是做了后面的事。Instead一般位于句首。应选C.
5．He can't tell us ________, I think.
A. imprtant anything B. anything imprtant
C. imprtant smething D. smething imprtant.
解析：不定代词与形容词联用需后置，否定句中应该用anything而不是smething. 因此应选B
6. The Huang River is the secnd __________ river in ur cuntry.
A. lng B. lnger C. lngest D. the lngest
解析："定冠词the+ 序数词 + 形容词最高级 " 表示"第几大……" 应选C.
7. The light in the ffice wasn't ________fr him t read.
A. enugh bright B. bright enugh C. brightly D. enugh brightly
解析：enugh修饰名词时可前可后， 修饰形容词或副词时， 要后置。应选B.
8. There was an accident at the crner. ________, the girl wasn't _________hurt.
A. luckily, badly B. luck, hardly C. Lucky, heavily D. Lucky, strngly
解析：第一空修饰全句需用副词，第二空修饰形容词hurt也要用副词， 因此选A.
9. Yu must keep yur eyes _________ when yu d eye exercises.
A. clse B. pen C. clsed D., pened
解析: 此处需用形容词做宾语补足语。 应选C.
10. Five days has passed , but I haven't finished half f the wrk. ________,
A. already B. still C. t D. yet
解析：already 与 yet 都可用于现在完成时态。Already常用于肯定句， 而yet 常用与否定句。应选D.
三．形容词副词比较级最高级的其他用法
（1）和冠词连用
the ＋形容词原级＋v(复)，指一类人或物
the ＋ 形容词比较级，指两者中“较…的”的那一个，eg. the yunger f the tw
a/ an ＋形容词比较级eg. The pen is expensive. I want a cheaper ne.
( a) ＋mst＋形容词最高级 “非常…” eg. a mst beautiful city
( 2 ) 相关结构
原级比较：肯定句 as….as…., 否定句nt s / as….as…..
比较句： 比较级 ＋than….或mre (less) ….than…..
The furniture in this shp is less beautiful than that in that shp.(注意代词that的用法)
比较级＋ and＋比较级 或 mre and mre＋比较级 “越来越… ”
richer and richer, mre and mre interesting
The mre….., the mre…..“越…， 越…”
The mre yu lk at the picture, the better yu will like it.
5) 比较级＋than any ther ＋n. （单） （适用于范围一致时）
(all) ther ＋n.（复）
any ＋n.(单) （适用于范围不一致时）
He is taller than any ther student / all ther students in his class.
any student in my class.
6) 倍数表达法。
A is three(fur, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)f B.
A is three(fur, etc.)times as big(high, lng, etc.)as B.
A is three (fur, etc.)times bigger(higher, lnger, etc.)than B.
用times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或duble.
The new building is fur times the size (the height)f the ld ne.
这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍（高三倍）。
Asia is fur times as large as Eurpe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。
Yur schl is three times bigger than urs.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。
7) mre…than…结构，其意往往是…rather than…，可译为“是……而不是……”或颠倒词序译作“与其说是……，不如说是……”。
That little girl is mre tired than hungry. 那个小姑娘是累了而不是饿了。
She is mre a mther than a wife或She is mre f a mther than a wife.
她是贤妻，更是良母。
8) A is t B what C is t D A和B的关系就像C和D的关系
Air is t man what water is t fish. 空气 对于人类就像水和鱼的关系。
9) n mre than= nly “只不过”，言其少
nt mre than=at mst “不多于”，“至少”，指事实。
n mre …than… 和…一样不… 如单音节使用比较级形式
nt mre…than… 不比…更…
n less than= as much as “多达”
n fewer than= as many as
例：I have n mre than five yuan in my pcket. 我口袋里的钱只不过5元。
I have nt mre than five yuan in my pcket. 我口袋里的钱不多于5元。
He is n richer than I.他和我一样穷。
He is n less determined than yu. 他的决心不亚于你。
(n less determined than等于“其决心不亚于你”，言其大)
He is nt less determined than yu. 他的决心不比你小。
(nt less determined than等于“其决心不小于”，无言其大或小的含义)
10) 最高级＋f/ in/ amng….
He is the tallest f the three/ amng them/ in is class.
四．相关词语辨析
1.very 和much
A）very修饰形容词、副词的原级；much修饰比较级；修饰动词用much或very much ,
eg. I very like English.(×),因改为：I like English very much.
B) 表示状态的过去分词前用very。a very frightened by, a very tired child .一般的情况下，以-ed结尾的分词多用much、very much / greatly等修饰。
如：We were greatly /much shcked by the news abut Tm..
C) 已转化为形容词的现在分词前用very。
如：very interesting / wrrying / exciting
D）t前用much/ far ,不用very。
Yu are much / far / a lt t nice.
另外，在t many / much, t few / little前用far。
We’ve gt far t many eggs and far t few egg cups.
E)还有修饰词既不用very,也不用much.
eg. be well wrth ding, be well abve the tree
2. s和such
A)s … that … 与such … that … 的区别。
s + 形容词 / 副词 + that …
s + 形容词 + a（n）+ 单数可数名词 + that …
s + many / much / little / few + 名词 + that …
such + a(n)+ 形容词+单数可数名词 + that …
such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that …
such + 形容词 + 复数名词 + that …
注意： 但当little表示“小”时用such。
如：These are such little bys that they can’t dress t hemselves.
下列s的用法是错误的：
s a difficult prblem, s difficult prblems, s ht weather。
B) sme/ any/ every/ n/ each/ all/ anther/ several/ few/ many/ ne/ tw +such+n. eg. n such wrd
3. be t much + n.
be much t+ adj.
be t much fr sb. 对…太过分了
4. can’t be t +adj.= can’t be +adj.+ enugh “无论…都不为过”
Yu can never be careful enugh.= Yu can never be t careful.你越小心越好。
练习与巩固
选择最佳答案填空：
1 Dn't wrry, sir. I'm sure I can run _________ t catch up with them.
A. slwly enugh B. enugh slwly C. fast enugh D. enugh fast
2. The text is very easy fr yu. There are ________ new wrds in it.
A. a few B. a little C. few D. little
3. It's such an ________ film that all the students are ______ in it.
A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting
C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested; interested
4. Mingming gt up very _______,s he came t schl half an hur ______.
A. late; lately B. lately; late C. lately; lately D. late; late
5. I am ________ wrried abut y parents' healthy cnditins.
A. sme times B. smetime C. smetimes D. sme times
6. We dn't have ________ every day.
A. a lt f schl wrks B. many schl wrk C. any schl wrks D. much schl wrk
7. -Lk! Hw fast the tw hrses are running!
--Oh, yes! They are nearly _______.
A. up and dwn B. slwer and slwer C. mre r less D. neck and neck
8. ______ children there are in family,_______ their life will be.
A. The less; the better B. The fewer; the better C. Fewer; richer D. Mre; prer
9. Mst f the peple in Guangdng are getting ________.
A. mre and mre rich B. mre rich and mre rich
C. richer and richer D. richer and richest
10. Which lessn is _______, this ne r that ne?
A. difficult B. much difficult C. mre difficult D. the mst difficult
11. "A ______ accident happened at 7:30 a.m." said the pliceman _______.
A. serius, serius B. seriusly, seriusly C. seriusly, serius D. serius, seriusly
12. ________ is it frm ur schl t Lupu Bridge?
A. Hw lng B. Hw ften C. Hw far D. Hw much
13. In ur city, it is ______ in July, but it is even _______ in August.
A. htter; httest B. ht; ht C. htter; ht D. ht; htter
14. This pencil is ______ that ne.
A. s lng as B. as lnger as C. lnger than D. nt as lngest as
15. The statin is tw kilmeters _______ the hspital.
A. away t B. far away C. far frm D. away frm
16. Beijing has ______ many buses that there is ften a traffic jam in rush hurs.
A. s B. very C. t D. much
17. This bx is ______ heavy ________ I can't carry it.
A. t, t B. s, that C. very, that D. t, that
18. India has the secnd _______ ppulatin in the wrld.
A. larger B. mst C. smallest D. largest
19. Mary received ________ many pstcards at Christmas.
A. s B. such C. t D. even
20. The cake smells ______. Please thrw it away.
A. gd B. badly C. bad D. well
21. --- What was the weather like yesterday?
--- It was terrible. It rained s ________ that peple culd _______ g ut.
A. hardly…hard B. hardly… hardly C. hard… hardly D. hard… hard
22. The meeting will be held in half an hur, but they haven't gt everything ready_____.
A. ever B. already C. yet D. still
23. --- What abut the English nvel?
--- It's nt very difficult. There are nly ________ new wrds in it.
A. few B. a few C. many D. a little
24. Hw beautiful she sings! I've never heard ________.
A. the better vice B. a gd vice C. the best vice D. a better vice
25. Mr Smith always has ________ t tell us.
A. sme gd pieces f news B. sme pieces f gd news
C.sme gd piece f news D. sme piece f gd new
26. I'm afraid the headmaster is _________ busy t meet the visitrs.
A. t much B. much t C. s much D. very much
27. - Dad , when will yu be free? Yu agreed t g t the seaside with me fur days ag.
-- I am srry, Jean. But I think I will have a ______ hliday sn.
A. fur-days B. fur-day C. fur days D. fur day
28. The scenery in Sanya lks ________, especially "Tian Ya Hai Jia" is ________.
A, well, best B. fine, the mst famus C. nice, better D. beautifully, the best
29. What a _______ day it is! Let's g ut fr a walk.
A. windy B. lvely C. rainy D.cludy
30. Of the tw Australian students , Masha is ________ ne. I think yu can find her easily.
A, tallest B, the taller C. taller D. the tallest
Key
1-5 CCADC 6-10 DDBCC 11-15 DCDCD 16-20 ABDAC 21-25 CCADB 26-30 BBBBB
Hmewrk
选择最佳答案填空：
1. Jhn tld me that _____ nthing imprtant have ever happened.
A. hardly B. rarely C. nearly D. almst
2. ---Why dn’t yu like the shirt?
---Its neck is nt big fr me at all. Have yu gt a shirt f this kind with _____ neck?
A. the biggest B. a far bigger C. by far the biggest D. a mre bigger
3. ---The temperature tday is 10℃ belw zer.
---Oh, it’s ____cld.
A. the mst B. the mre C. mst D. much mre
4. ---D yu think him naughty enugh?
---I’m afraid he’s ___than naughty.
A. mre clever B. clever C. much clever D. much mre clever
5. Exercise is _____as any ther t lse unwanted weight.
A. s useful a wayB. as a useful way C. as useful a way D. such a useful way
6. ---What’s wrng? Yu seem restless.
---I was reduced t paying ____ price fr it.
A. duble the B. duble f the C. duble D. duble f
7. _____, the bys were shuting and singing.
Happy and excited B. Happily and excitedly
C. T be happy and excited D. T be happily and excitedly
8. I’m glad t say that he’s already finished _____50% f the bk in these three days.
A. n less than B. n mre than C. nt mre than D. much less than
9. I’ll get there by six, if______.
A. nt sner B. n sner C. nt mre quickly D. n quick
10. The US is abut the same size as China, but its ppulatin is five times ____.
as little B. smaller C. as few D. fewer
11. ----Is this ____bk?
---- Yes, it’s ___what I’m after.
A. the very; just B. the just; exactlyC. a very; just D. the right; nly
12. He has given up drinking. He drinks ______.
A. never again B. nt any mre C. n mre D. nce again
13. He hurried away, _____t meet his ld friend.
A. lking frwardB. hped C. anxiusly D. eager
14. Everything was very expensive. I didn’t buy ____fruit, but I’ve gt sme _____apples.
A. any; big red B. any; red big C. much; big red D. sme ; red big
15. ---Are yu ging t the ftball game?
---N, the tickets are ____expensive fr me.
A. very much B. s much C. far t D. highly
16. We’ll have t wait a ____tw weeks t knw the examinatin result.
A. ther B. further C. anther D. mre
17. The little twn has nw grwn int a mdern big city, and is ___ what it used t be.
twice the size than B. tw times the size as C. twice the size as D. twice the size f
18. The living carried away the dead and the healthy helped ____.
A. the ill B. the wunded C. the brave D. the rich
19. He likes ging fishing. He usually uses a ______.
A. bamb lng fishing ple B. lng bamb fishing ple
C. ple lng bamb and fishing D. bamb fishing lng ple
20. He was the _____at that mment.
A. nly awake persn B. nly persn awake
C. awake nly persn D. persn nly awake
21. I think his suggestin is ____ bad, and that f yurs is_____ gd.
A. fairly t; rather B. rather t; fairly C. fairly; rather t D. rather; fairly t
22. Wuld yu be ___ t tell me he time by yur watch?
s kind B. kind enugh C. enugh kind D. very kind
23. The winners are _____children brught up in the cuntry.
A. almst B. mstly C. mst D. nearly
24. The technical cllege educatin I playing an imprtant part tday and its rle will be ____ imprtant.
n less B. n mre C. nne the less D. n mre
25. A few weeks spent in traveling can be just ______classes in schl.
a part f ne’s educatin useful as B. as a useful part f ne’s educatin as
C. part f ne’s educatin as useful D. a part f ne’s educatin as useful as
26. ______, the thief didn’t take anything valuable but my ntebk.
Strange it is B. T be strange C. Strangely enugh D. It was strange
27. His attitude twards me prved ________.
A. well B. warmly C. friendly D. nicely
28. She is ______than her yunger sister.
less richer B. nt mre richC. less rich D. nt rich
29. ---What d yu think f the plan?
---I feel ___that we ught t give it up at nce.
A. strng B. strnger C. strngly D. it strng
30. ---Did yu enjy the mvie last night?
---Yes, I didn’t expect it ______ wnderful.
A. mre B. as C. mst D. much
Key
DBCAC AAAAB ACDCC BDBBB BBBAD CCCCB
情 况
加 法
例 词
一 般 情 况
直接加 -er ; -est
all-taller-tallest
以e结尾的词
加 –r ; -st
nice-nicer-nicest
以“辅音+y”结尾的词
变y为i再加-er ; -est
dry-drier-driest
heavy-heavier-heaviest
以一个辅音字母结尾的词
辅音字母双写，再加-er ; -est
thin-thinner-thinnest
多音节和部分双音节单词
在词前加 mre ; mst
mre delicius
mst delicius
原 级
比较级
最高级
far
farther / further
farthest / furthest
ld
lder/elder
ldest/eldest
bad / ill/badly
wrse
wrst
many /much
mre
mst
gd / well
better
best
little
less
least
级别
比较程度
表达方式和意义
例 句
备 注
原


级
同
等
程
度
肯
定
形
式
As+原级+as
(像……一样)
Art is as interesting as music.
Play as well as yu can.

否
定
形
式
nt + s (as) +原级+as
(不如……那样)
English is nt s difficult as science.
She des nt study s well as I d.

比较级
不同程度
（用于两者比较）
比较级+than
(比……)
Jim is lder than Luky.
I like prk better than beef.
比较级前面可以加
much, far, even, still,
a lt, a little, a bit等
程度加深
比较级+and+比较级
（越来越……）
The + 比较级，the + 比较级
（越……, 越……）
He is grwing taller and taller.
He studies better and better.
The mre bks she reads, the better she understand.

最高级
最高程度
（用于三者或三者以上）
The +最高级+f (in)
(最……)
Spring is the best seasn f the year.
Lin Ta jumped (the) farthest f all.
副词最高级前面的
the 往往省略